Hydropower station underground powerhouse ventilation system using diversion tunnel construction adit

Abstract

A hydropower station underground powerhouse ventilation system using diversion tunnel construction adit comprises a main powerhouse hole and a diversion tunnel, the main powerhouse hole is connected with a bus hole, a tail water adit and a ventilation and safety hole, the bus hole is connected with a main transformer hole, the main transformer hole is connected with the ventilation and safety hole through a main transformer exhaust tunnel, and the tail water adit is connected with a tail gate hole. The tail gate hole is connected with the ventilation and safety hole through the tail gate ventilation hole, the diversion tunnel is connected with the tail water tunnel and the diversion tunnel construction adit, the ventilation and safety hole is connected with the lower adit of the exhaust shaft, the lower adit of the exhaust shaft is connected with the lower head of the exhaust shaft, and the upper head of the exhaust shaft is connected with the upper adit of the exhaust shaft. And the upper adit of the air exhaust vertical shaft is communicated with the diversion tunnel construction adit. The diversion tunnel construction branch hole is combined with the exhaust shaft to serve as an exhaust and smoke exhaust channel of the main power house hole and the main transformer hole, multiple purposes are achieved through one hole, the number of holes of the underground auxiliary tunnel of the hydropower station project is reduced, the height of the exhaust shaft is reduced, and the project investment and the construction period are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a ventilation system for an underground powerhouse of a hydropower station that utilizes the construction adit of a water diversion tunnel, and belongs to the field of underground powerhouse ventilation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Many large hydroelectric power stations adopt an underground powerhouse structure. Because these underground powerhouse caverns are often buried at considerable depths, ventilation issues arise, necessitating the installation of ventilation shafts. These ventilation shafts typically need to connect directly to the surface. Traditional ventilation shaft designs present the following main problems:

[0003] I. Large investment and long construction period: Underground powerhouses are generally buried at great depths, and the exhaust shafts need to be directly connected to the ground. The shafts are quite high, which requires a large investment and a long construction period.

[0004] Second, it occupies a large area: It requires reserving space and increasing land acquisition. The exhaust shaft occupies the ground outlet, resulting in a large land area, which is not conducive to environmental protection and soil and water conservation, and does not conform to the national goal of ecological construction.

[0005] Third, the construction is difficult: if the terrain at the outlet of the exhaust shaft is undulating or steep, it is very difficult to build a road to the site of the shaft. Moreover, if the height of the exhaust shaft exceeds 300m, it is generally necessary to excavate in two stages, which makes the construction difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a ventilation system for underground powerhouses of hydropower stations that utilizes the construction adit of a water diversion tunnel to effectively reduce the height of the exhaust shaft, reduce construction difficulty, shorten the construction period and investment, and reduce the land use of the project.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model for a ventilation system of an underground powerhouse in a hydropower station utilizing a construction adit of a water diversion tunnel is as follows: It includes a main powerhouse tunnel and a water diversion tunnel. The main powerhouse tunnel connects to a busbar tunnel, a tailrace adit, and a ventilation / safety tunnel. The other end of the ventilation / safety tunnel is connected to the ground. The busbar tunnel connects to a main transformer tunnel, which is connected to the ventilation / safety tunnel via a main transformer exhaust tunnel. The tailrace adit connects to a tailgate tunnel, which is connected to the ventilation / safety tunnel via a tailgate ventilation tunnel. The water diversion tunnel connects to the tailrace tunnel and the construction adit of the water diversion tunnel. The ventilation / safety tunnel connects to a lower horizontal tunnel of an exhaust shaft, which connects to the lower end of the exhaust shaft. The upper end of the exhaust shaft connects to an upper horizontal tunnel, which is connected to the construction adit of the water diversion tunnel.

[0008] Furthermore, a first partition wall is installed inside the ventilation and safety tunnel, which is divided into an air intake tunnel and an exhaust tunnel. The air intake tunnel is connected to the main plant tunnel, and the exhaust tunnel is connected to the main plant tunnel, the main transformer exhaust tunnel, the tail gate ventilation tunnel, and the lower horizontal tunnel of the exhaust shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, a second partition wall is installed inside the construction adit of the water diversion tunnel. The construction adit of the water diversion tunnel is divided into a ventilation tunnel and a maintenance tunnel through the second partition wall. The ventilation tunnel of the construction adit of the water diversion tunnel is connected to the upper horizontal tunnel of the ventilation shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the main plant tunnel is connected to the access tunnel, the other end of which is connected to the ground. The main transformer tunnel is connected to the access tunnel via the main transformer air intake tunnel, and the tail gate tunnel is connected to the access tunnel via the tail gate transport tunnel.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model regarding the ventilation system for an underground powerhouse of a hydropower station utilizing a construction adit of a water diversion tunnel are:

[0012] First, the construction adit of the water diversion tunnel is combined with the ventilation shaft as the ventilation and smoke exhaust channel for the main powerhouse tunnel and the main transformer tunnel, realizing "one tunnel for multiple uses". This reduces the number of underground auxiliary tunnel entrances in the hydropower station project, lowers the height of the ventilation shaft, and saves project investment and construction time.

[0013] Second, specifically for projects with large terrain undulations or steep slopes, which make it impossible to construct the exhaust shaft outlet, this innovative solution solves the problem of not being able to arrange the exhaust shaft opening, effectively reducing the height of the exhaust shaft and reducing the difficulty of construction;

[0014] Third, it eliminates the need for separate wellheads leading to the ground in the ventilation shafts, reducing land acquisition. By integrating with the existing water diversion tunnel construction adits, it maximizes resource conservation and minimizes negative environmental impact, achieving four savings and one environmental protection (energy saving, land saving, water saving, material saving, and environmental protection). Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of the ventilation system of the underground powerhouse of a hydropower station that utilizes the construction adit of the water diversion tunnel.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional layout of the main plant tunnel, main transformer tunnel, tail gate tunnel, ventilation and safety tunnel, lower horizontal tunnel of exhaust shaft, exhaust shaft, and upper horizontal tunnel of exhaust shaft;

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A;

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part B.

[0019] In the above attached diagrams: 1. Main plant tunnel; 2. Main transformer tunnel; 3. Tailgate tunnel; 4. Ventilation and safety tunnel; 5. Main transformer exhaust tunnel; 6. Tailgate ventilation tunnel; 7. Lower horizontal tunnel of exhaust shaft; 8. Exhaust shaft; 9. Upper horizontal tunnel of exhaust shaft; 10. Construction adit of water diversion tunnel; 11. Access tunnel to the plant; 12. Main transformer intake tunnel; 13. Tailgate transport tunnel; 14. Water diversion tunnel; 15. Tailwater tunnel; 16. First partition wall; 17. Intake tunnel of ventilation and safety tunnel; 18. Exhaust tunnel of ventilation and safety tunnel; 19. Exhaust tunnel of construction adit of water diversion tunnel; 20. Maintenance tunnel of construction adit of water diversion tunnel; 21. Busbar tunnel; 22. Tailwater adit; 23. Second partition wall. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the preferred embodiments of this utility model are described below in conjunction with specific examples. However, it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable for those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. The positional relationships described in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent.

[0021] This utility model relates to a ventilation system for an underground powerhouse of a hydropower station that utilizes a construction adit of a water diversion tunnel, such as... Figure 1 — Figure 4 As shown, the tunnel includes a main powerhouse tunnel 1 and a water diversion tunnel 14. The main powerhouse tunnel 1 connects to a busbar tunnel 21, a tailrace branch tunnel 22, and a ventilation and safety tunnel 4. The other end of the ventilation and safety tunnel 4 is connected to the ground. The busbar tunnel 21 connects to a main transformer tunnel 2. The main transformer tunnel 2 is connected to the ventilation and safety tunnel 4 via a main transformer exhaust tunnel 5. The tailrace branch tunnel 22 connects to a tailgate tunnel 3. The tailgate tunnel 3 is connected to the ventilation and safety tunnel 4 via a tailgate ventilation tunnel 6. The water diversion tunnel 14 connects to a tailrace tunnel 15 and a water diversion tunnel construction branch tunnel 10. The ventilation and safety tunnel 4 connects to a lower horizontal tunnel 7 of the exhaust shaft. The lower horizontal tunnel 7 of the exhaust shaft connects to the lower end of an exhaust shaft 8. The upper end of the exhaust shaft 8 connects to an upper horizontal tunnel 9 of the exhaust shaft. The upper horizontal tunnel 9 of the exhaust shaft is connected to the water diversion tunnel construction branch tunnel 10.

[0022] Furthermore, a first partition wall 16 is provided inside the ventilation and safety tunnel 4. The ventilation and safety tunnel 4 is divided into a ventilation and safety tunnel intake tunnel 17 and a ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tunnel 18 through the first partition wall 16. The ventilation and safety tunnel intake tunnel 17 is connected to the main plant tunnel 1, and the ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tunnel 18 is connected to the main plant tunnel 1, the main transformer exhaust tunnel 5, the tail gate ventilation tunnel 6, and the exhaust shaft lower horizontal tunnel 7.

[0023] Furthermore, a second partition wall 23 is provided inside the construction adit 10 of the water diversion tunnel. The construction adit 10 of the water diversion tunnel is divided into a ventilation tunnel 19 and an inspection tunnel 20 of the construction adit 10 of the water diversion tunnel through the second partition wall 23. The ventilation tunnel 19 of the construction adit 10 of the water diversion tunnel is connected to the upper horizontal tunnel 9 of the ventilation shaft.

[0024] Furthermore, the main plant tunnel 1 is connected to the access tunnel 11, and the other end of the access tunnel 11 is connected to the ground. The main transformer tunnel 2 is connected to the access tunnel 11 via the main transformer air intake tunnel 12, and the tail gate tunnel 3 is connected to the access tunnel 11 via the tail gate transport tunnel 13.

[0025] This utility model discloses a ventilation system for an underground powerhouse of a hydropower station that utilizes a construction adit of a water diversion tunnel, comprising the following steps:

[0026] 1. Construct an access tunnel 11 that connects to the main plant tunnel 1, main transformer tunnel 2, and tail gate tunnel 3; and construct a ventilation and safety tunnel 4 that connects to the ground and the main plant tunnel 1.

[0027] II. Construct the main transformer exhaust tunnel 5 connecting the main transformer tunnel 2 and the ventilation and safety tunnel 4, the tail gate ventilation tunnel 6 connecting the tail gate tunnel 3 and the ventilation and safety tunnel 4, and the exhaust shaft lower horizontal tunnel 7 connecting the exhaust shaft 8 and the ventilation and safety tunnel 4. Construct the first partition wall 16 inside the ventilation and safety tunnel 4 and the second partition wall 23 inside the water diversion tunnel construction branch tunnel 10. After completion, the underground powerhouse ventilation system of the pumped storage power station includes the access tunnel 11 connecting the ground and the main powerhouse tunnel 1, the main transformer intake tunnel 12 for the main transformer tunnel 2, the tail gate transport tunnel 13 for the tail gate tunnel 3, the ventilation and safety tunnel 4 connecting the ground and the main powerhouse tunnel 1, the main transformer exhaust tunnel 5 for the main transformer tunnel 2, the tail gate ventilation tunnel 6 for the tail gate tunnel 3, the first partition wall 16 inside the ventilation and safety tunnel 4, and the second partition wall 23 inside the water diversion tunnel construction branch tunnel 10.

[0028] 3. The first partition wall 16 divides the ventilation and safety tunnel 4 into two parts. One half of the ventilation and safety tunnel 4 is the ventilation and safety tunnel intake tunnel 17, and the other half is the ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tunnel 18. The ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tunnel 18 connects the main plant tunnel 1, the main transformer exhaust tunnel 5, the tail gate ventilation tunnel 6, and the lower horizontal tunnel 7 of the exhaust shaft to the exhaust shaft 8. The exhaust shaft 8 connects the upper horizontal tunnel 9 of the exhaust shaft and half of the water diversion tunnel construction branch tunnel 10, the water diversion tunnel construction branch tunnel exhaust tunnel 19, to exhaust air and smoke to the outside of the water diversion tunnel construction branch tunnel 10. The other half of the water diversion tunnel construction branch tunnel 10, the water diversion tunnel construction branch tunnel maintenance tunnel 20, can be used as a maintenance passage from the pumped storage power station to the water diversion tunnel during operation.

[0029] The construction adit 10 of this scheme is an auxiliary construction muck removal tunnel set up by the hydropower station for the excavation of the water diversion tunnel 14. The ventilation shaft 8 is connected to the construction adit 10 of the water diversion tunnel through the upper horizontal tunnel 9 of the ventilation shaft. This allows half of the ventilation tunnel 19 of the construction adit 10 to perform ventilation and smoke removal functions, meeting the ventilation requirements during normal operation. The other half, the maintenance tunnel 20, can also meet the maintenance access requirements from the pumped storage power station to the water diversion tunnel 14 during operation. Well 8 does not need to be directly connected to the ground. The existing water diversion tunnel construction adit 10 is used as the ventilation channel, which effectively reduces the height of the ventilation shaft 8. The ventilation shaft 8 does not need to be directly connected to the ground, and there is no need to build a separate entrance for the ventilation shaft 8. The ventilation shaft only needs to be connected to the ventilation tunnel body 19 of the water diversion tunnel construction adit through horizontal tunnels (lower horizontal tunnel 7 and upper horizontal tunnel 9). This reduces the land use of the project, which is beneficial to environmental protection and soil and water conservation, and effectively saves project investment, achieving the effect of "one tunnel for multiple uses" and "combination of permanent and temporary".

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A ventilation system for an underground powerhouse of a hydropower station utilizing a construction adit of a water diversion tunnel, comprising a main powerhouse tunnel (1) and a water diversion tunnel (14), wherein the main powerhouse tunnel (1) is connected to a busbar tunnel (21), a tailrace adit (22), and a ventilation and safety tunnel (4), the other end of the ventilation and safety tunnel (4) being connected to the ground, the busbar tunnel (21) being connected to a main transformer tunnel (2), the main transformer tunnel (2) being connected to the ventilation and safety tunnel (4) via a main transformer exhaust tunnel (5), the tailrace adit (22) being connected to a tailgate tunnel (3), the tailgate tunnel (3) being connected to the ventilation and safety tunnel (4) via a tailgate ventilation tunnel (6), and the water diversion tunnel (14) being connected to a tailrace tunnel (15) and a construction adit (10) of the water diversion tunnel, characterized in that: The ventilation and safety tunnel (4) is connected to the lower horizontal tunnel (7) of the exhaust shaft. The lower horizontal tunnel (7) of the exhaust shaft is connected to the lower end of the exhaust shaft (8). The upper end of the exhaust shaft (8) is connected to the upper horizontal tunnel (9) of the exhaust shaft. The upper horizontal tunnel (9) of the exhaust shaft is connected to the construction branch tunnel (10) of the water diversion tunnel.

2. The ventilation system for an underground powerhouse of a hydropower station utilizing a construction adit of a water diversion tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation and safety tunnel (4) is provided with a first partition wall (16). The ventilation and safety tunnel (4) is divided into a ventilation and safety tunnel intake tunnel (17) and a ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tunnel (18) through the first partition wall (16). The ventilation and safety tunnel intake tunnel (17) is connected to the main plant tunnel (1). The ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tunnel (18) is connected to the main plant tunnel (1), the main transformer exhaust tunnel (5), the tail gate ventilation tunnel (6), and the exhaust shaft lower horizontal tunnel (7).

3. The ventilation system for an underground powerhouse of a hydropower station utilizing a construction adit of a water diversion tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A second partition wall (23) is set inside the construction adit (10) of the water diversion tunnel. The construction adit (10) of the water diversion tunnel is divided into the ventilation tunnel (19) and the maintenance tunnel (20) of the construction adit of the water diversion tunnel through the second partition wall (23). The ventilation tunnel (19) of the construction adit of the water diversion tunnel is connected to the upper horizontal tunnel (9) of the ventilation shaft.

4. The ventilation system for an underground powerhouse of a hydropower station utilizing a construction adit of a water diversion tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main plant tunnel (1) is connected to the access tunnel (11), and the other end of the access tunnel (11) is connected to the ground. The main transformer tunnel (2) is connected to the access tunnel (11) via the main transformer air intake tunnel (12). The tail gate tunnel (3) is connected to the access tunnel (11) via the tail gate transport tunnel (13).

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