Reluctance rotor and magnetic suspension reluctance motor

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of reluctance motors, and discloses a reluctance rotor and a magnetic suspension reluctance motor. The reluctance rotor comprises a connecting shaft, an upper rotor and a lower rotor, the upper rotor and the lower rotor are perpendicularly arranged at the two ends of the connecting shaft, the upper rotor extends outwards in the radial direction to form a plurality of upper radial extending parts which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the lower rotor extends outwards horizontally in the radial direction to form a plurality of lower radial extending parts which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The upper radial extension parts and the lower extension parts are consistent in number and size, and the upper rotor and the lower rotor are made of soft magnetic materials. The magnetic suspension reluctance motor adopts the reluctance rotor. The reluctance rotor is simple in structure, convenient to use, high in reliability, long in service life, less in heat production, low in cooling cost and good in application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to reluctance motor technical field especially relates to a reluctance rotor and magnetic suspension reluctance motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The magnetic suspension bearingless motor has the technical and economic advantages that the traditional motor cannot realize and replace, and the technology of this kind of motor has developed greatly.

[0003] At present, one of the magnetic suspension bearingless motors is the magnetic suspension bearingless permanent magnet motor. In order to realize the radial suspension control of the rotor, the permanent magnet motor adds another set of suspension force winding in the ordinary permanent magnet motor torque winding, and the magnetic field of the two sets of windings interacts through the air gap to generate radial force. Reasonable control of the force can realize the suspension of the rotor, and the rotating torque of the motor is generated by the original torque winding, thereby forming a bearingless permanent magnet motor. The rotor of the permanent magnet motor is provided with permanent magnets, and the rotor produces suspension torque and rotating torque through the interaction of the magnetic field of the rotor and the magnetic field of the stator. The permanent magnet motor is divided into three types according to the structure of the rotor. One is a surface-mounted permanent magnet motor (SPM) with permanent magnets mounted on the surface of the rotor. One is an internal permanent magnet motor (IPM) with permanent magnets mounted inside the rotor. The other is a buried permanent magnet (BPM) with permanent magnets buried in the rotor.

[0004] However, in actual application, the permanent magnet motor generally has the problem of easy demagnetization, short service life, large eddy current effect, high heat production and high motor cooling cost.

[0005] Therefore, the prior art needs to be further improved. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0006] In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a reluctance rotor and magnetic suspension reluctance motor, which has simple structure, convenient use, does not need to use permanent magnet material, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the rotor, has no demagnetization problem, high reliability, super-long service life and low maintenance cost.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the application provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] In the first aspect, the application provides a reluctance rotor, which comprises a connecting shaft and upper and lower rotors vertically arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft. The upper rotor extends radially outward to form a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed upper radial extension parts, and the lower rotor extends radially outward horizontally to form a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed lower radial extension parts. The number and size of the upper radial extension parts and the lower radial extension parts are consistent, and the upper rotor and the lower rotor are made of soft magnetic material.

[0009] Optionally, in the reluctance rotor, the connecting shaft is made of soft magnetic material.

[0010] Optionally, in the magnetic reluctance rotor, the upper radial extension of the upper rotor and the lower radial extension of the lower rotor are arranged in up-down symmetry and projection overlap.

[0011] On the basis, the axial magnetized permanent magnet is fixedly arranged in the connecting shaft.

[0012] Further optionally, the permanent magnet is embedded in the upper part, the middle part or the lower part of the connecting shaft, or the permanent magnet is fixed in the hollow cavity of the connecting shaft, the permanent magnet can be arranged in the shape consistent with the through hole specification of the connecting shaft, or the permanent magnet is in a plurality of sheet structures, and the plurality of permanent magnets are fixed and connected on the inner wall or the outer wall of the connecting shaft in symmetry.

[0013] Optionally, in the magnetic reluctance rotor, the connecting shaft is made of non-magnetic material.

[0014] The upper radial extension of the upper rotor and the lower radial extension of the lower rotor are arranged in up-down symmetry and projection overlap, or the upper radial extension of the upper rotor and the lower radial extension of the lower rotor are arranged in up-down misalignment.

[0015] Further optionally, in the magnetic reluctance rotor, the connecting shaft is in a hollow tubular structure, and a through hole is arranged in the middle part; the upper end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the upper rotor, and the lower end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the lower rotor; the main bodies of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are circular, and the centers of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are arranged along the center hole aligned with the through hole of the connecting shaft.

[0016] Optionally, in the magnetic reluctance rotor, the connecting shaft is in a hollow tubular structure, and a through hole is arranged in the middle part; the upper end and the lower end of the connecting shaft are respectively provided with a first plug-in part, and the central positions of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are provided with a second plug-in part for plug-in cooperation with the first plug-in part; the first plug-in part and the second plug-in part are further adhesively matched.

[0017] Optionally, the first plug-in part is a plug, and the second plug-in part is a jack for clamping the plug.

[0018] In the second aspect, the application also provides a magnetic suspension magnetic reluctance motor using the magnetic reluctance rotor.

[0019] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The magnetic reluctance rotor has simple structure and convenient use, does not need to use permanent magnet material, greatly reduces the rotor manufacturing cost, does not have demagnetization problem, has high reliability, long service life, less eddy current, less heat production and less motor cooling cost.

[0021] 2. Magnetic levitation reluctance motors using this reluctance rotor have higher reliability and lower manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0022] 3. Because there is no constraint of permanent magnet demagnetization, it can be used in high-temperature working environments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the reluctance rotor in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotor in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotor in Example 3;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reluctance rotor in Example 5;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the magnetic levitation reluctance motor in Example 4;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation principle of the magnetic levitation reluctance motor in Example 4; A is a top view of the upper rotor, and B is a top view of the lower rotor.

[0029] Figure 7 A is a schematic diagram of the levitation principle of the magnetic levitation reluctance motor in Example 4; A is a schematic diagram of the motor cross-sectional structure during the rotor's upward floating process, and B is a schematic diagram of the rotor's radial offset state.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the magnetic levitation reluctance motor in Example 5;

[0031] The closed curve with the arrow represents the main magnetic circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," and "bottom," etc., used in this specification to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Furthermore, technical features involved in the different embodiments of this invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a reluctance rotor, which includes a connecting shaft 12 and an upper rotor 11 and a lower rotor 13 vertically disposed at both ends of the connecting shaft. The upper rotor and the lower rotor are coaxially disposed with the connecting shaft. The upper rotor extends radially outward to form a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed upper radial extension portions 111, and the lower rotor extends radially outward horizontally to form a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed lower radial extension portions 131. The number and shape specifications of the upper radial extension portions 111 and the lower radial extension portions are the same.

[0037] The upper and lower rotors are made of soft magnetic materials, such as pure iron low-carbon steel, soft magnetic ferrite, iron-aluminum alloy, etc. The connecting shaft is also made of soft magnetic material.

[0038] Specifically, the upper and lower rotors have the same shape and specifications.

[0039] In this embodiment, the upper radial extension 111 of the upper rotor and the lower radial extension 131 of the lower rotor are arranged symmetrically and their projections overlap.

[0040] In other embodiments, the upper rotor and the lower rotor have the same structure, but the upper radial extension 111 of the upper rotor and the lower radial extension 131 of the lower rotor are arranged in an up-down staggered manner. The main magnetic circuit distribution of this scheme is equivalent to that of the main magnetic circuit with the upper and lower rotors arranged in an up-down staggered manner, and both form a magnetic circuit closed loop along the path with the smallest magnetic resistance. The staggered arrangement of the upper and lower rotors can make the rotation of the rotor smoother and the torque fluctuation smaller.

[0041] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 In this embodiment, as shown in

[0042] The upper rotor and the lower rotor and the connecting shaft can be fixedly connected by bonding, insertion, ultrasonic welding or clamping, etc.

[0043] As shown in Figures 5~7 When this reluctance rotor is assembled with the corresponding stator to form a magnetic levitation motor, the upper radial extension of the upper rotor and the lower radial extension of the lower rotor are substantially in the same plane with the upper and lower radial arms of the C-shaped yoke of the corresponding stator, respectively, and there is an air gap between the upper radial extension of the upper rotor and the upper radial arm of the C-shaped yoke, and there is an air gap between the lower radial extension of the lower rotor and the lower radial arm of the C-shaped yoke.

[0044] In operation, the main magnetic circuit forms a closed loop along the upper radial arm of the C-shaped yoke of the upper rotor, the upper radial extension of the upper rotor, the connecting shaft, the lower radial extension of the lower rotor, and the lower radial arm of the corresponding C-shaped yoke. The specific working principle of the motor using this rotor is described in subsequent embodiment 4.

[0045] As can be seen, the suspension and rotation of the reluctance rotor are both based on the reluctance principle of the shortest path of magnetic flux closure.

[0046] The structure of the above-mentioned reluctance rotor is simple, does not require any permanent magnetic material, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the rotor, avoids the demagnetization problem caused by permanent magnetic material, has higher reliability, less eddy current, less heat generation, and less motor cooling cost.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] As shown in Figure 3As shown in the figure, the embodiment provides a reluctance rotor, which comprises a connecting shaft 12 and an upper rotor 11 and a lower rotor 13 vertically arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft, the upper rotor and the lower rotor are coaxially arranged with the connecting shaft, the upper rotor extends radially outward to form a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed upper radial extensions 111, the lower rotor extends radially outward to form a plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed lower radial extensions 131, the number and shape specifications of the upper radial extensions 111 and the lower radial extensions are consistent. The upper rotor and the lower rotor are made of soft magnetic material, and the connecting shaft is also made of soft magnetic material.

[0049] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 In the reluctance rotor of the embodiment, the connecting shaft is a hollow tubular structure, a through hole 121 is arranged in the middle part, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting shaft are respectively provided with a first plug-in part 142, and the central positions of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are provided with a second plug-in part for plug-in cooperation with the first plug-in part.

[0050] On this basis, in order to strengthen the connection, the first plug-in part and the second plug-in part also cooperate with bonding or other fixed connection.

[0051] Alternatively, the first plug-in part is a plug, and the second plug-in part is a jack for clamping the plug. The installation of this plug-in connection mode can be pre-installed through plug-in, and then the connection strength of the upper and lower rotors and the connecting shaft can be further strengthened through other ways, so that the installation precision is higher, and the problem of eccentric error of the upper and lower rotors and the connecting shaft in the installation process of the rotor of embodiment 1 can be avoided.

[0052] The magnetic circuit distribution and working principle of the reluctance rotor of the embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.

[0053] Embodiment 3

[0054] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 In order to further improve the axial stiffness of the rotor, on the basis of embodiments 1 or 2, the connecting shaft of the reluctance rotor of the embodiment is fixedly provided with an axially magnetized permanent magnet 1211. The connecting shaft is also made of soft magnetic material.

[0055] On the one hand, the axially magnetized permanent magnet fixed in the connecting shaft further actively provides an additional permanent magnetic field on the basis of the magnetic field provided by the original stator coil, improves the magnetic field strength of the motor, and thus improves the axial stiffness of the rotor. On the other hand, the permanent magnet in the connecting shaft also provides a magnetic field for the rotor in the case that the motor stator is not powered on, so that the rotor is adsorbed on the stator in the case of power failure, avoiding damage caused by sudden falling of the rotor in the case of power failure.

[0056] In the embodiment, the permanent magnet 1211 is embedded in the middle part of the connecting shaft as a part of the connecting shaft, and in other embodiments, the permanent magnet can be embedded in the upper part or the lower part of the connecting shaft.

[0057] In other embodiments, the permanent magnet 1211 can be fixed in the hollow cavity of the connecting shaft, and the permanent magnet can be configured to have a shape consistent with the through hole specifications of the connecting shaft.

[0058] In other embodiments, the permanent magnet is a plurality of sheet-like structures, which are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner or outer wall of the connecting shaft. This type of permanent magnet is easier to install, recycle, or replace.

[0059] The permanent magnet can be fixedly connected to the connecting shaft by means of bonding, insertion, ultrasonic welding, snap-fitting, etc.

[0060] In this embodiment, the reluctance rotor, with minimal reduction in the amount of permanent magnets used, significantly improves the axial stiffness of the rotor by installing permanent magnets in the connecting shaft. Based on the original reluctance principle, the permanent magnets generate a magnetic field in the rotor that interacts with the stator magnetic field.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] This embodiment provides a reluctance motor, such as Figure 5 As shown, the motor mainly consists of a reluctance rotor 1 as described in embodiments 1 to 3 and a stator 2 disposed around the rotor. The stator includes multiple C-shaped magnetic yokes 21 arranged in a ring around the outer periphery of the rotor, and a coil 22 for driving the rotor to levitate and rotate is wound around the center of the C-shaped magnetic yokes. In this embodiment, the coil includes a levitation drive coil and a rotation drive coil.

[0063] The axial projections of the upper and lower rotors overlap, and the upper horizontal extension of the upper rotor 11 and the upper end of the C-shaped magnetic yoke are basically on the same plane. The lower rotor 13 and the lower horizontal extension of the C-shaped magnetic yoke are basically on the same plane. A closed-loop magnetic circuit is formed between the upper rotor, the connecting shaft, the lower rotor and the C-shaped magnetic yoke.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, the working principle of this reluctance motor is as follows:

[0065] Rotational working principle:

[0066] At a certain moment, the rotating coils of the two C-shaped yokes that are radially symmetrical to the radial extension of the rotor are not energized at the same time, and the magnetic fluxes flowing simultaneously in the axial direction are not excited. The magnetic fluxes flow through the C-shaped yokes, the upper rotor, the soft magnetic connecting shaft, the lower rotor, and the C-shaped yokes to form two closed magnetic circuits distributed on the left and right sides. Since the path of the magnetic circuit at the air gap is not the shortest distance, the rotor rotates counterclockwise to make the magnetic fluxes close through the shortest distance. When the pair of C-shaped yokes and the radial extension of the rotor pulled by them are symmetrical to each other, the rotating coils on the other pair of C-shaped yokes that are 90° away from the pair of C-shaped yokes work in the same way as described above, and the rotor is pulled to rotate counterclockwise again. The rotating coils are sequentially energized according to this rule, thereby realizing the continuous rotation of the rotor. Meanwhile, the rotating drive can also use two pairs of C-shaped yokes that are cross-shaped at the same time to control through the above rule to enhance the rotating driving force.

[0067] Suspension working principle:

[0068] As shown in Figure 7 , since the rotor does not have radially magnetized and radially arranged permanent magnets, the suspension is mainly achieved by the attractive force generated between the C-shaped yokes and the rotor. When the current of each suspension coil on the C-shaped yoke is adjusted to make the axial pulling force (magnetic resistance torque) on the rotor equal, the rotor can be radially centered and suspended (as shown in Figure 7 A). It can be seen that the axial suspension is mainly achieved by passive suspension, relying on the magnetic resistance principle of the shortest path of magnetic flux closure. At a certain moment, when the rotor is radially offset, the suspension coil on the side with the increased air gap will increase the current, so that the attractive force on that side increases to correct the radial offset (as shown in Figure 7 B). It can be seen that the axial suspension of the rotor of the embodiment is achieved by relying on the magnetic resistance principle of the shortest path of magnetic flux closure.

[0069] Embodiment 5

[0070] The embodiment provides a magnetic resistance rotor, which comprises a connecting shaft 12 and an upper rotor 11 and a lower rotor 13 vertically arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft. The upper rotor and the lower rotor are coaxially arranged with the connecting shaft. The upper rotor extends radially outward to form a plurality of upper radial extensions 111 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The lower rotor extends radially outward horizontally to form a plurality of lower radial extensions 131 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The number and shape specifications of the upper radial extensions 111 and the lower radial extensions are consistent.

[0071] The difference between the magnetic resistance rotor and the embodiment 1 is that the connecting shaft 12 is made of a non-magnetic material. Therefore, during operation, the main magnetic circuit does not pass through the connecting shaft.

[0072] In this embodiment, the upper radial extension 111 of the upper rotor and the lower radial extension 131 of the lower rotor are arranged in projection overlap. In other cases, the upper radial extension 111 of the upper rotor and the lower radial extension 131 of the lower rotor are arranged in up-down staggered manner. The main magnetic circuit distribution of this scheme is equivalent to that of the rotor arranged in up-down overlap, and both form a magnetic circuit closed loop along the path with the smallest magnetic resistance. This staggered arrangement of the upper and lower rotors can make the rotor transition smoother during rotation and the torque fluctuation smaller.

[0073] In use, the magnetic resistance rotor needs to be cooperated with a stator with a middle annular yoke.

[0074] As Figure 8 Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a motor using the magnetic resistance rotor of this embodiment. The stator of the motor includes: a first yoke group composed of a plurality of first yokes 21 arranged in a circle around the mover, and an annular second yoke 23 arranged vertically at the middle position of the first yoke group, and the second yoke is fixedly connected with all the first yokes.

[0075] Since the upper and lower radial arms of the first yokes of the stator correspond to the upper rotor teeth and the lower rotor teeth of the rotor respectively, and since the connecting shaft is a non-magnetic material, the main magnetic circuit does not flow through the connecting shaft. In operation, a closed-loop main magnetic circuit is formed between two adjacent or non-adjacent rotor teeth, the corresponding first yokes, and the second yoke portion between the two first yokes, and the main magnetic circuit is symmetrically distributed in the upper half and the lower half of the stator, so that independent control of the upper and lower parts of the rotor can be achieved.

[0076] The suspension principle and rotation principle of the above motor are similar to those of embodiment 4, except that the magnetic circuit distribution is different, which will not be described here.

[0077] The device embodiments described above are only schematic, and the units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e. they can be located in one place, or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0078] It can be understood that for those skilled in the art, the technical scheme of the present application and the concept of the present application can be replaced or changed equivalently, and all these changes or replacements shall belong to the protection scope of the claims attached to the present application.

Claims

1. A magnetoresistive rotor characterized by, The connecting shaft (12) is provided with an upper rotor (11) and a lower rotor (13) vertically arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft, the upper rotor extends radially outward to form a plurality of upper radial extensions (111) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the lower rotor extends radially outward to form a plurality of lower radial extensions (131) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the number and specifications of the upper radial extensions (111) and the lower radial extensions are consistent, and the upper rotor and the lower rotor are soft magnetic materials.

2. The magnetoresistive rotor of claim 1, wherein, The connecting shaft (12) is made of soft magnetic material.

3. The magnetoresistive rotor of claim 2, wherein, The upper radial extensions (111) of the upper rotor and the lower radial extensions (131) of the lower rotor are arranged in an upper-lower symmetrical and projection overlapping manner.

4. The magnetoresistive rotor of claim 3, wherein, An axially magnetized permanent magnet (1211) is fixedly arranged in the connecting shaft.

5. The magnetoresistive rotor of claim 4, wherein, The permanent magnet is embedded in the upper part, the middle part or the lower part of the connecting shaft; or the permanent magnet (1211) is fixed in the hollow cavity of the connecting shaft; or the permanent magnet is in a plurality of sheet structures, and a plurality of permanent magnets are symmetrically fixed on the inner wall or the outer wall of the connecting shaft.

6. The magnetoresistive rotor of claim 1 wherein, The connecting shaft (12) is made of non-magnetic material.

7. The magnetoresistive rotor of claim 6, wherein, The upper radial extensions (111) of the upper rotor and the lower radial extensions (131) of the lower rotor are arranged in an upper-lower symmetrical and projection overlapping manner.

8. The magnetoresistive rotor of claim 6, wherein, The upper radial extensions (111) of the upper rotor and the lower radial extensions (131) of the lower rotor are arranged in an upper-lower symmetrical and projection overlapping manner.

9. The magnetoresistive rotor of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The upper end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the upper rotor, and the lower end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the lower rotor; the connecting shaft is a hollow tubular structure, and a through hole (121) is arranged in the middle part; the main body of the upper rotor and the lower rotor is circular, and the centers of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are arranged along the through hole (14) aligned with the through hole of the connecting shaft; Or, the connecting shaft is a hollow tubular structure, and a through hole (121) is arranged in the middle part, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting shaft are respectively provided with a first plug-in part (142), and the central position of the upper rotor and the lower rotor is provided with a second plug-in part for plug-in cooperation with the first plug-in part; the first plug-in part and the second plug-in part also perform adhesive cooperation.

10. A magnetic levitation reluctance motor characterized by, The magnetoresistive rotor is used in the magnetic resistance rotor according to any one of claims 1-8.

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