Electric motor and mounting device therefor

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electric motor and a mounting device thereof. The electric motor is provided with a pot-shaped motor shell, a stator, a rotor surrounded by the stator, and an end cover which covers the motor shell at a shell opening of the motor shell.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to an electric motor, which has a stator and a rotor, which is fixed relative to the shaft and arranged on a motor shaft, which is supported in a motor housing, which is pot-shaped, in a housing bottom on the one hand and in an end cap, which covers the housing opening, on the other hand. The utility model also relates to a mounting device for such an electric motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Motor vehicles usually have a plurality of adjustment components, such as steering devices, seat adjustment devices, steerable locks, window regulators and adjustable sunroofs, which can be adjusted by means of respectively assigned electric drives (adjustment or adjustment drives) or can be moved between different adjustment positions. Brushless electric motors are usually involved as rotary current machines here.

[0003] Such electric motors usually have a stator, which has a certain number of stator teeth, which are arranged, for example, in a star shape, which carry the rotating field winding or stator winding (in the form of individual coils wound with insulated wire). The coils are assigned to individual branches or phases with their coil ends (winding wire ends) and are connected to one another in a predetermined manner and are guided to phase connections for supplying the rotating field winding with electrical power.

[0004] In the case of three-phase electronically commutated electric motors, the stator has three phases and thus at least three phase conductors or phase windings, which are respectively loaded with current in a phase-shifted manner in order to generate a rotating magnetic field in which a rotor, usually provided with permanent magnets, rotates. The phase ends of the phase windings are guided to the motor electronics for operating the electric motor. The coils of the rotating field winding are connected in a star circuit or delta circuit and are in electrical contact with the three phase connections. The connection of the coils or their coil ends can take place in a connection ring, which can be referred to as a contact adapter hereinafter, which is arranged on the end side of the stator, preferably on the output side thereof.

[0005] The rotor is fixed relative to the shaft (rotationally fixed) to the motor shaft (rotor shaft), which is rotatably supported in a bearing, in particular a rolling bearing or ball bearing, on the bottom side of a pot-shaped motor housing (pole pot or housing pot), which is closed on one side. A further bearing, in particular a ball bearing or rolling bearing, for rotatably supporting the motor shaft can be provided in the end cap on the output side, which closes the motor housing on the housing opening on the inlet side thereof. On the housing side of the end cap on the output side, the electric motor can be connected or coupled via its motor shaft, directly or by means of a transmission, to an adjustment element (adjustment component) of a motor vehicle.

[0006] In the case of mounting an electric motor of this kind with a one-sided closed housing (pole pot or housing pot), the end cap can be assembled as a preassembled assembly in combination with the rotor and thus realize a blind mounting of the rotor into the bearing on the housing side. Here, the fixing or centering of the rotor on the output side via a very short shaft protrusion if necessary is often difficult or costly, especially in the case of a rotor that has been magnetized in advance, which undesirably promotes an undesired deflection of the motor shaft due to the existing magnetism during the mounting of the rotor. Invention

[0007] The task of the present invention is to specify an electric motor that is suitable, inter alia, in terms of rotor positioning. Furthermore, a suitable mounting device for fixing or centering a preassembled assembly with a rotor into a motor housing with a stator, inter alia, of an internal rotor motor, should also be specified.

[0008] According to the invention, the task with regard to the electric motor is solved with the features specified below and with regard to the mounting device with the features specified below.

[0009] The electric motor has a pot-shaped motor housing, also referred to below as a pole pot or housing pot, and a stator and a rotor and an end cap. The motor housing has a housing bottom and an (axially opposite) housing opening, which is covered by or closed with the end cap. The rotor is arranged in a rotationally fixed or axially fixed manner on a motor shaft, which is supported in a rotationally movable manner about an axis of rotation in a first bearing arranged in the housing bottom and in a second bearing arranged in the end cap within the motor housing. Suitably, the motor housing has a protruding flange ring at its housing opening.

[0010] The stator, which surrounds the rotor in the case of a gap, has a number of coils, which are wired into an inter alia three-phase or six-phase stator winding by means of an annular contact adapter arranged on the end side of the stator facing the end cap. The contact adapter, also referred to below as a terminal ring, has a ring inner wall facing the axis of rotation or the motor shaft, which is configured at least section-wise to taper towards the housing bottom. In other words, the ring inner wall is configured funnel-shaped tapering towards the housing bottom. It is also possible for only the individual wall sections of the ring inner wall to be configured tapering towards the housing bottom.

[0011] According to a suitable design, the rotor has a columnar base body, which has a receiving pocket and a permanent magnet inserted therein. Suitably, the stator has a stator base body, which has radially inwardly directed stator teeth, which are wound with coils with an insulating layer, preferably a so-called shell-like slot-shaped insulating element, interposed. The stator base body can be implemented, for example, as a single lamination stack, a single tooth stator and / or in a star yoke design.

[0012] Suitably, the conically extending inner wall of the ring has an inner diameter which is smaller than the inner diameter of the stator and larger than the outer diameter of the rotor on the wall end facing the bottom of the housing. In other words, the inner wall of the contact adapter has a geometry which is configured tapering funnel-shaped in the direction of the housing bottom from the output side, wherein the tapering ends or terminates at least in the region of the wall free end of the ring inner wall in an (inner) diameter which is smaller than the inner diameter of the stator and larger than the outer diameter of the rotor.

[0013] Thus, the conically configured inner wall of the contact adapter forms a funnel shape via which the rotor is guided and centered when installing the electric motor until the rotor reaches at least almost its prescribed final position in the motor housing within the stator. Before the rotor exits or passes the conical ring inner wall and thus the funnel shape of the contact adapter, the rotor is already centered in that the motor shaft with its shaft end facing the housing bottom is moved into or sunk into the first bearing arranged on the bottom side and is fixed there.

[0014] In an advantageous design, the first bearing is a ball bearing or rolling bearing, in particular with an outer ring and an inner ring and rolling bodies accommodated between the rings, wherein the first bearing is arranged in a bearing receptacle configured in the housing bottom. Suitably, the bearing is pressed with its outer ring in the bearing receptacle on the bottom side. During installation of the rotor, the motor shaft is pressed in the inner ring of the first bearing.

[0015] Advantageously, the second bearing is also such a ball bearing or rolling bearing, which is pressed with its outer ring in the bearing receptacle of the end cap. The inner ring of the second bearing is pressed with the motor shaft. Suitably, the end cap has a recessed annular space which surrounds the bearing receptacle for the second bearing.

[0016] Especially for the motor installation and here in order to install the rotor within the stator surrounding the rotor with a clearance, it is particularly advantageous and suitable if the end cap and the rotor on the motor shaft form a (pre-installed) assembly. It is advantageous here that the rotor can be placed into the motor housing along the conical ring inner wall of the contact adapter, preferably centered during installation, or within the stator after passing the annular contact adapter.

[0017] The installation device for such an electric motor has at least one support element for the motor housing and a multiple-chuck, in particular a three-chuck, and a loading block or installation block cooperating therewith. The loading block or installation block has a mechanism, preferably a pneumatic mechanism, for introducing the axially fixed rotor along the conical ring inner wall of the contact adapter into the stator accommodated in the motor housing.

[0018] The advantages achieved by the utility model are particularly that the conical, funnel-shaped tapering inner wall of the contact adapter, also referred to as a terminal ring, prevents undesired damage to the stator or rotor as a result of possible contact during rotor installation and accordingly reduces possible rejects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail with the aid of the drawings. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 An electric motor is shown in a sectional view, having a motor housing and a stator and having a rotor on a motor shaft, bearing receptacles for the A-side and B-side, the bearing receptacles having rolling bearings inserted therein and an annular contact adapter (terminal ring) having an inner wall facing the motor shaft,

[0021] Figure 2 A motor housing is shown in an exploded view, having an inserted stator and a preassembled assembly having a rotor fixed relative to the shaft and an end cap having the motor shaft in the rolling bearing on the B-side,

[0022] Figure 3 A fragment of Figure 2 is shown in a larger scale with the inner wall of the ring tapering toward the contact adapter for centering of the rotor.

[0023] Corresponding parts and dimensions are provided with the same reference numerals in all the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Figure 1 The main parts of an electric motor 1 are shown, which is an electronically commutated internal rotor motor. The electric motor 1 has a stator 2 and a rotor 3, which is arranged fixed relative to the shaft (rotationally fixed) on a motor shaft 4. The motor shaft is supported in a first rolling bearing or ball bearing 5 and in a second rolling bearing or ball bearing 6, in particular on the output side, in a pot-shaped motor housing 7 in a manner movable in rotation about an axis of rotation (motor axis) 8. The axis of rotation 8 is oriented in an axial direction A, which axial direction and the associated radial direction R are shown in Figure 1 .

[0025] The motor housing 7 has a cylindrical (hollow cylindrical) housing peripheral side 7a and a housing bottom 7b, which is formed on it, for example, in a deep-drawing process, and a housing opening 7c, which is axially opposite thereto. The motor housing 7 has a protruding flange collar 7d at its housing opening 7c, which has punched flange tabs 7e for screwing the electric motor 1 to a body part or vehicle part of a motor vehicle. A cover 9 is assigned to the motor housing 7, which, in the installed state, rests on the housing opening 7c and is firmly connected with the motor housing 7, in particular in the case of a press fit.

[0026] The first bearing 5 is accommodated in a bearing accommodation 10, which is also referred to as bearing seat in the following, provided in the housing bottom 7b. To this end, the housing bottom 7b has a recessed, in particular V-shaped, annular space 7f, which forms the bearing accommodation 10 for the first bearing 5 and surrounds this on the peripheral side. The outer ring 5a of the first bearing 5 is pressed in the pot-shaped bearing accommodation 10. The outer ring 5a forms, together with the inner ring 5b and the rolling bodies 5c, for example, balls, provided between the rings 5a, 5b, a rolling bearing or ball bearing 5.

[0027] The second bearing 6 is accommodated in a bearing accommodation 11, which is also referred to as bearing seat in the following, provided in the cover 9. To this end, the cover 9 has a recessed, in particular U-shaped, annular space 9a, which forms the bearing accommodation 11 for the second bearing 6 and surrounds this on the peripheral side. The outer ring 6a is pressed in the pot-shaped bearing accommodation 11, which forms, together with the inner ring 6b and the rolling bodies 6c, for example, balls, provided between the rings 6a, 6b, a rolling bearing or ball bearing 6. The inner ring 6b of the second bearing is axially pressed onto the motor shaft 4. In this way, the cover 9 is firmly connected with the motor shaft 4 via the second bearing 6 and with the rotor 3 via the motor shaft.

[0028] The stator 2, which surrounds the rotor 3 in the installed state with a clearance, has radially inwardly directed stator teeth 12, which are wound with coils 14 with an insulating layer 13 interposed. The coils 14 are wired with the aid of an annular contact adapter or terminal ring 15 arranged on the end side of the stator 2 facing the cover 9, in order to form, for example, a three-phase stator winding or rotating field winding 16. The contact adapter 15 has a ring inner wall 17 facing the motor shaft 4. The ring inner wall 17 is conical and here configured with a decreasing inner diameter towards the housing bottom 7b. In other words, the ring inner wall 17 forms a funnel shape or funnel design tapering in the direction of the housing bottom 7b. The wall section of the ring inner wall 17 can also only be embodied conically extending.

[0029] The coils 12 are assigned to the individual branch lines or phases and are interconnected in a star or delta circuit by means of the contact adapter or terminal ring 15. The coils 12 are, for example, guided to not shown phase connections which are contacted by the motor electronics, in order to energize the rotating field winding 16. The rotating field winding generates a rotating magnetic field in which the rotor 3 rotates about the axis of rotation 8. The rotor 3 has a columnar base body 3a which has a receiving pocket 3b into which a permanent magnet 18 is placed.

[0030] Figure 2 The electric motor 1 is shown in a pre-assembly state with the stator 2 already arranged in the motor housing 7, while for the assembly the structural unit consisting of the rotor 3 and the motor shaft 4 as well as the end cap 9 in which the bearing 6 and the motor shaft 4 located therein have already been accommodated in the bearing accommodation 11 of the end cap is provided axially outside the motor housing 7 in front of the housing opening 7c by means of the mounting device 19.

[0031] The mounting device 19 has support elements 20 for supporting the bearing accommodation or bearing seat 10 which abut on the outside against the housing bottom 7b and support elements 21 in the form of clamps for centering the housing. Clamps 22 in the form of claw chucks with preferably three gripping or clamping jaws are inserted into a recessed, annular groove 9a of the end cap 9 which surrounds the bearing accommodation or bearing seat 11. The clamps 22 cooperate with an insertion block or mounting block 24 with a pneumatic cylinder 23. A centering pin 25 is assigned to the pneumatic cylinder 23 which is provided into a recess 26 in the center of the end side of the shaft protrusion 4a of the motor shaft 4 which protrudes beyond the end cap 9.

[0032] Figure 3 In Figure 2 An enlarged fragment of the contact adapter or terminal ring 15 shows the region of the ring inner wall 17. It can be seen that the ring inner wall 17 which tapers in the direction of the housing bottom 7b has a tapering funnel outlet 17a on the wall end of the ring inner wall 17 which faces the housing bottom 7b. This is shown by the pointed funnel angle a with respect to a reference line which is coaxial with the axis of rotation 8. The tapering ring inner wall 17 with its tapering funnel outlet or wall free end 17a extends on the end side at a distance a from the inner surface 27 of the respective stator tooth 12 which faces the rotor 3 offset in the radial direction R towards the axis of rotation 8.

[0033] At least in this region, the inner diameter of the ring inner wall 17 is greater than the outer diameter of the rotor 3 and smaller than the inner diameter of the stator 2. The inner wall or ring inner wall 17 of the contact adapter 15 thus has a geometric design which tapers funnel-shaped in the direction of the housing bottom 7b from the output-side housing opening 7c.

[0034] As is also shown in Figure 1As shown, the rotor 3 is centered in this way when inserted into the motor housing 7 with the stator 2 already accommodated during the sliding of the rotor 3 along the ring inner wall 17. Before the rotor 3 has completely passed the conically extending ring inner wall 17 with its tapering funnel outlet 17a, the motor shaft 7 is here embedded in the bearing 5 on the bottom side on the shaft end side.

[0035] In summary, the utility model relates to an electric motor 1 having a pot-shaped motor housing 7, a stator 2, a rotor 3 and an end cap 9 covering the motor housing 7, wherein the rotor 3 is rotatably mounted in a first bearing 5 arranged in the housing bottom 7b and in a second bearing 6 arranged in the end cap 9, wherein the stator 2 has a ring-shaped contact adapter 15 with a ring inner wall 17 tapering towards the housing bottom 7b for the wiring of the coils 14.

[0036] The utility model for which protection is sought is not restricted to the embodiments described above. Rather, other variants of the utility model can also be derived therefrom by the person skilled in the art within the disclosed scope without departing from the subject matter of the utility model for which protection is sought. Furthermore, in particular, all individual features described in connection with the different embodiments can also be combined in other ways within the disclosed scope without departing from the subject matter of the utility model for which protection is sought.

[0037] List of reference signs

[0038] 1 electric motor

[0039] 2 stator

[0040] 3 rotor

[0041] 3a base body

[0042] 3b accommodating pocket

[0043] 4 motor shaft

[0044] 4a shaft protrusion

[0045] 5 first rolling bearing / ball bearing

[0046] 5a outer ring

[0047] 5b inner ring

[0048] 5c rolling element

[0049] 6 second rolling bearing / ball bearing

[0050] 6a outer ring

[0051] 6a inner ring

[0052] 6c rolling element

[0053] 7 motor housing

[0054] 7a housing circumference

[0055] 7b housing bottom

[0056] 7c housing opening

[0057] 7d flange ring

[0058] 7e flange tab

[0059] 7f annular groove

[0060] 8 rotational axis

[0061] 9 end cap

[0062] 9a annular space

[0063] 10, 11 bearing receptacle / bearing seat

[0064] 12 stator teeth

[0065] 13 insulation layer

[0066] 14 coil

[0067] 15 contact adapter / wiring ring

[0068] 16 stator winding

[0069] 17 inner annular wall

[0070] 17a funnel outlet / wall free end

[0071] 18 permanent magnet

[0072] 19 mounting device

[0073] 20 support element

[0074] 21 support element / clamp

[0075] 22 clamp / claw chuck

[0076] 23 pneumatic cylinder

[0077] 24 mounting block

[0078] 25 centering pin

[0079] 26 recess

[0080] 27 inner surface

[0081] A axial direction

[0082] R radial direction

[0083] a distance

[0084] α funnel angle

Claims

1. Electric motor (1) having a pot-shaped motor housing (7), a stator (2), a rotor (3) surrounded by the stator (2) and an end cap (9) covering the motor housing (7) at a housing opening (7c) of the motor housing, characterized in that the rotor (3) is arranged axially fixed on a motor shaft (4) and is supported in a manner movable in rotation about an axis of rotation (8) in a first bearing (5) arranged in a housing bottom (7b) and in a second bearing (6) arranged in the end cap (9) within the motor housing (7), in that the stator (2) has a number of coils (14) which are wired into a stator winding (16) by means of an annular contact adapter (15) arranged on an end side of the stator (2) facing the end cap (9), in that the contact adapter (15) has an inner annular wall (17) facing the motor shaft (4) which is configured to taper at least section-wise towards the housing bottom (7b). The inner annular wall (17) tapering towards the housing bottom (7b) has an inner diameter on a wall free end (17a) facing the housing bottom (7b) which is smaller than an inner diameter of the stator (2) and larger than an outer diameter of the rotor (3). The end cap (9) and the rotor (3) axially fixed against rotation on the motor shaft (4) form an assembly in which the rotor (3) is or can be centred into the motor housing (7) along the tapered inner annular wall (17) of the contact adapter (15). The first bearing (5) is arranged in a bearing receptacle configured in the housing bottom (7b) as a ball bearing or a roller bearing. The second bearing (6) is a ball bearing or a roller bearing. The rotor (3) has a columnar base body (3a) having a receptacle pocket (3b) and a permanent magnet (18) inserted therein. The stator (2) has stator teeth (12) pointing radially inwards which are wound with the coils (14) with an insulating layer (13) interposed. The motor housing (7) has a protruding flange ring (7d) at its housing opening (7c). The end cap (9) has a recessed annular space (9a) which surrounds a bearing receptacle for the second bearing (6). The stator winding (16) is a three-phase stator winding. The mounting device has: at least one support element (20, 21) for the motor housing (7), a claw chuck (22) and an insertion block or mounting block (24) cooperating with the claw chuck (22) which has a mechanism for centring the axially fixed rotor (3) along the tapered inner annular wall (17) of the contact adapter (15) into the stator (2) received in the motor housing (7). The mechanism has a pneumatic cylinder (23). ​ ​ ​ 2. The electric motor (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that ​ 3. The electric motor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ​ 4. The electric motor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ​ 5. The electric motor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ​ 6. The electric motor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ​ 7. The electric motor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ​ 8. The electric motor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ​ 9. An electric motor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ​ 10. The electric motor (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that ​ 11. Mounting device (19) for an electric motor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that ​ ​ ​ ​ 12. Mounting device (19) according to claim 11, characterized in that ​

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