Multi-stage ecological interception ditch for agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multi-stage ecological interception ditch for agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control, which is suitable for agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control. Comprising a ditch body, ecological protection slopes are arranged on the two sides of the ditch body, slope plants are arranged on the slopes of the ecological protection slopes, a plurality of interception dams are distributed in the ditch body in a staggered mode to form a snakelike overflowing channel, the upstream side of each interception dam is provided with a slag blocking net, the upper edge of each slag blocking net is higher than the water surface, and the area between every two adjacent interception dams is a purification area. By arranging multiple stages of interception units, the retention time of a water body is greatly prolonged, so that the sewage treatment and purification efficiency is further improved. Through multiple effects of physics and microorganisms, the filtering and conversion performance of the ecological interception ditch on nitrogen and phosphorus in water is improved, and then the purification effect of the ecological ditch is integrally improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, specifically relating to a multi-stage ecological interception ditch for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, applicable to the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of agricultural production, a large amount of pollutants enter receiving water bodies through farmland surface runoff, farmland drainage, and groundwater seepage, causing serious impacts on the ecological environment. Agricultural non-point source pollution is scattered and diverse, and the transport of pollutants to soil and receiving water bodies exhibits temporal randomness and spatial uncertainty.

[0003] In my country, drainage ditches of varying sizes are widely distributed around farmland, but most of these ditches are earthen and overgrown with weeds. Therefore, ecological ditches are commonly used in the control of non-point source pollution. However, traditional ecological ditches have limited functionality, only partially intercepting pollutants and having limited treatment capacity. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model addresses the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by providing a multi-stage ecological interception ditch for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A multi-level ecological interception ditch for agricultural non-point source pollution control includes a ditch body, ecological slopes on both sides of the ditch body, slope vegetation on the slopes of the ecological slopes, multiple interception dams interspersed within the ditch body to form a serpentine flow channel, and a sludge-blocking net installed on the water-facing side of each interception dam, with the upper edge of the sludge-blocking net higher than the water surface, and the area between adjacent interception dams is a purification zone.

[0007] The interception dam includes a hollow brick wall on the water-facing side and a hollow brick wall on the water-returning side. Between the hollow brick wall on the water-facing side and the hollow brick wall on the water-returning side, a soil layer, an adsorption layer, and a support layer are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Aquatic plants are planted on the soil layer.

[0008] The aquatic plants mentioned are canna lilies, cattails, water onions, irises, or thaliana.

[0009] The soil layer is enclosed by geocells, and the adsorption layer is a ceramsite layer. The particle size of the ceramsite is larger than the pore size of the hollow brick wall on the water-facing side and the hollow brick wall on the water-returning side.

[0010] The mesh size of the slag-blocking net decreases sequentially along the direction of water flow.

[0011] Multiple fixed supports are fixedly installed in the purification area. Each fixed support has multiple carbon fiber grasses suspended on it. The bottom of each carbon fiber grass is fixedly connected to a connecting seat set at the bottom of the ditch body by a polyethylene rope or stainless steel wire.

[0012] The specific surface area of ​​the carbon fiber grass is 1:2000 mg / m². 2 ~1:3000mg / m 2 .

[0013] The fixed support includes a horizontal bar and a vertical bar for supporting the horizontal bar. One end of the vertical bar is connected to the horizontal bar, and the other end is fixed to the bottom of the ditch body. Carbon fiber grass is suspended on the horizontal bar.

[0014] The ecological slope protection is set on a C20 concrete foundation. The bottom side of the ecological slope protection is provided with mortar-grouted stone toe protection. The slope surface of the ecological slope protection is provided with a grid slope protection, which includes multiple interlocking blocks connected in sequence. The openings on the interlocking blocks form grid holes, and slope vegetation is placed in the grid holes.

[0015] The ecological slope protection includes multiple layers of slope, with geogrids installed between adjacent layers.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The multi-level interception net can effectively intercept floating objects in the ditch.

[0018] 2. Interception dams are distributed in an interlaced manner within the ditch body to form flow channels, prolonging the residence time of sewage within the ditch body, thereby extending the purification time of sewage within the ditch body.

[0019] 3. Carbon fiber grass is installed in the purification zone. Carbon fiber grass is conductive, which can accelerate electron transfer between microorganisms and enhance the denitrification effect.

[0020] 4. Slope plants and aquatic plants can effectively absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater.

[0021] 5. This utility model has a simple structure and is easy to maintain. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ecological slope protection system;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interception dam structure;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structure for suspending carbon fiber grass using a fixed support;

[0027] Among them: 1-Ecological slope protection, 11-C20 concrete foundation, 12-Masonry block toe protection, 13-Interlocking blocks, 14-Slope vegetation, 15-Geogrid, 2-Interception dam, 21-Support layer, 22-Adsorption layer, 23-Soil layer, 24-Aquatic plants, 3-Purification zone, 31-Nationally fixed support, 32-Carbon fiber grass, 4-Ditch body, 5-Slag retaining net. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To facilitate understanding and implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to examples. The implementation examples described herein are only for illustration and explanation and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-level ecological interception ditch for agricultural non-point source pollution control includes an ecological slope protection 1, an interception dam 2, a purification zone 3, the ditch body 4, and a debris-blocking net 5.

[0031] Ecological slope protection 1 is set on both sides of the ditch body 4. The slope surface of the ecological slope protection 1 is covered with slope plants 14. The slope plants 14 can absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage and purify the water body.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the ecological slope protection 1 is set on the C20 concrete foundation 11, which provides a uniform bearing surface for the ecological slope protection 1. The bottom side of the slope of the ecological slope protection 1 is provided with a masonry toe protection 12, which enhances the shear resistance of the ecological slope protection 1.

[0033] The ecological slope protection 1 has a grid slope protection system. Slope vegetation 14 is planted in the grid holes of the grid slope protection. In this embodiment, the grid slope protection includes multiple interlocking blocks 13 connected in sequence, with openings on the interlocking blocks 13 forming the grid holes. The interlocking blocks 13 have strong compressive strength and provide good stability when laid on the slope of the ecological slope protection 1. After the construction of each interlocking block 13, slope vegetation 14 is placed in the grid holes formed by the openings of the interlocking blocks 13, forming a comprehensive grid and vegetation slope protection system that not only protects the slope but also restores the ecology and protects the environment.

[0034] In some embodiments, the ecological slope protection 1 includes multiple layers of slope, with geogrid 15 provided between adjacent layers. The geogrid 15 can improve the shear resistance of the ecological slope protection 1 and prevent landslides.

[0035] Multiple intercepting dams 2 are distributed in an interlaced manner within the ditch body 4 to form a serpentine flow channel, which can reduce the sewage flow velocity and prolong the residence time of sewage in the ditch body 4.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the interception dam 2 includes a hollow brick wall on the water-facing side and a hollow brick wall on the water-returning side. In this embodiment, the hollow holes on both the water-facing and water-returning hollow brick walls are horizontally arranged, with the extension direction of the hollow holes consistent with the water flow, and the hole diameter is 10-30mm. Between the water-facing and water-returning hollow brick walls, a soil layer 23, an adsorption layer 22, and a support layer 21 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Aquatic plants 24 are planted on the soil layer 23. The aquatic plants can be canna, cattail, water onion, iris, or thaliana. In this embodiment, the planting density of the aquatic plants 24 is 16-20 plants / m². 2 The adsorption layer 22 is a ceramic particle layer. Ceramic particles are lightweight and easy to turn over for cleaning.

[0037] In some embodiments, to prevent the soil in soil layer 23 and the expanded clay particles in adsorption layer 22 from being lost through the hollow pores of the hollow brick wall on the water-facing and water-repellent sides, soil layer 23 is enclosed in geocells, and the particle size of the expanded clay particles is larger than the pore size of the hollow pores on the hollow brick wall on the water-facing and water-repellent sides. In this embodiment, the particle size of the expanded clay particles is 50–80 mm.

[0038] In order to intercept floating objects in the water, each interception dam 2 is equipped with a debris net 5 on the water-facing side, and the upper edge of the debris net 5 is higher than the water surface.

[0039] In some embodiments, the mesh size of the sediment trap 5 decreases sequentially along the direction of water flow, achieving a multi-stage interception effect.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the area between adjacent intercepting dams 2 is the purification zone 3. Multiple fixed supports 31 are fixedly installed in the purification zone 3. Multiple carbon fiber grasses 32 are suspended on each fixed support 31. The bottom of each carbon fiber grass 32 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat at the bottom of the ditch body 4 by a polyethylene rope or stainless steel wire.

[0041] In some embodiments, the specific surface area of ​​carbon fiber grass 32 is 1:2000 mg / m². 2 ~1:3000mg / m 2 Preferred ratio: 1:2600mg / m 2The density is set between 4,000 roots / acre and 10,000 roots / acre, with 6,000 roots / acre being preferred, and a single root length of 1m. Carbon fiber grass 32 has electrical conductivity, which can accelerate electron transfer between microorganisms and enhance the denitrification effect.

[0042] In some embodiments, the fixed bracket 31 includes a horizontal bar and a vertical bar for supporting the horizontal bar. One end of the vertical bar is connected to the horizontal bar, and the other end is fixed to the bottom of the ditch body 4. There may be one or more vertical bars, and carbon fiber grass 32 is suspended on the horizontal bar.

[0043] In some implementations, the horizontal and vertical bars of the fixed bracket 31 are made of hollow square steel with a cross-sectional area of ​​100mm*100mm. The lengths of the horizontal and vertical bars of the fixed bracket 31 are adjusted according to actual needs.

[0044] In summary, this invention forms a multi-stage purification system through a slag-blocking net 5, an ecological slope protection 1, a multi-stage interception dam 2, and carbon fiber grass 32 in the purification zone 3. The slag-blocking net 5 effectively intercepts floating debris in the sewage, which can be cleaned up promptly. The slope vegetation 14 on the ecological slope protection 1 and the aquatic plants 24 planted on the soil layer 23 of the multi-stage interception dam 2 effectively absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the sewage. Microorganisms adhere to the surface of the ceramic material in the adsorption layer 22 and the carbon fiber grass 32, and denitrification occurs under the action of these microorganisms. Through the combined effects of physical, plant, and microbial processes, most pollutants in the sewage are removed, reducing the load on subsequent treatment systems. This not only extends the residence time of polluted water in the multi-stage ecological interception ditch but also significantly improves the purification effect on agricultural non-point source pollution. Furthermore, the system has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and is environmentally friendly, bringing significant convenience to the treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0045] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described in this utility model are merely illustrative examples of the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, but without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-stage ecological interception ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution, comprising a ditch body (4), characterized in that, The ecological protection slope (1) is arranged on both sides of the ditch body (4), the slope surface of the ecological protection slope (1) is provided with slope plants (14), a plurality of intercepting dams (2) are staggered and distributed in the ditch body (4) to form a serpentine flow channel, the intercepting dam (2) is provided with a residue intercepting net (5) on the water side, the upper edge of the residue intercepting net (5) is higher than the water surface, and the area between adjacent intercepting dams (2) is a purification area (3).

2. The multi-stage ecological intercepting ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intercepting dam (2) comprises a water-facing hollow brick wall and a backwater-facing hollow brick wall, and a soil layer (23), an adsorption layer (22) and a support layer (21) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom between the water-facing hollow brick wall and the backwater-facing hollow brick wall, and aquatic plants (24) are planted on the soil layer (23).

3. The multi-stage ecological intercepting ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 2, characterized in that, The aquatic plants (24) are canna, cattail, water onion, iris or reed.

4. The multi-stage ecological intercepting ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soil layer (23) is wrapped with a geocell, the adsorption layer (22) is a ceramsite layer, and the particle size of the ceramsite is greater than the pore size of the hollow holes on the water-facing hollow brick wall and the backwater-facing hollow brick wall.

5. The multi-stage ecological intercepting ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh hole size of the residue intercepting net (5) decreases in the water flow direction.

6. The multi-stage ecological intercepting ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of fixed supports (31) are fixedly arranged in the purification area (3), a plurality of carbon fiber grasses (32) are hung on each fixed support (31), and the bottom of each carbon fiber grass (32) is fixedly connected with a connecting seat arranged at the bottom of the ditch body (4) through a polyethylene rope or a stainless steel wire.

7. The multi-stage ecological interception ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon fiber grass (32) has a specific surface area of 1:2000 mg / m 2 ~ 1:3000 mg / m 2 .

8. The multi-stage ecological interception ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed support (31) comprises a horizontal rod and a vertical rod for supporting the horizontal rod, one end of the vertical rod is connected with the horizontal rod, and the other end is fixed at the bottom of the ditch body (4), and the carbon fiber grass (32) is hung on the horizontal rod.

9. The multi-stage ecological intercepting ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological protection slope (1) is arranged on the C20 concrete base (11), the slope surface of the ecological protection slope (1) is provided with a mortar rubble foot (12), the slope surface of the ecological protection slope (1) is provided with a grid protection slope, the grid protection slope comprises a plurality of interconnected interlocking blocks (13), the openings on the interlocking blocks (13) form grid holes, and the grid holes are provided with slope plants (14).

10. The multi-stage ecological intercepting ditch for preventing agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological protection slope (1) comprises a plurality of slope bodies, and a geogrid (15) is arranged between adjacent slope bodies.

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