Hydrogenation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogenation device which is applied to the field of petrochemical equipment. Comprising a heavy oil recycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (1) of which a heavy oil recycle hydrogen inlet is communicated with recycle hydrogen before heavy oil removal, a heavy oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank (4) communicated with an outlet of the heavy oil recycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (1), and a solvent regeneration assembly of which an inlet is communicated with an outlet of the heavy oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank (4), a light oil recycle hydrogen inlet of the light oil recycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) is communicated with recycle hydrogen before light oil removal, the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank (10) is communicated with an outlet of the light oil recycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9), and a rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank (10) is communicated with a barren liquid inlet of the heavy oil recycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (1). And a barren liquor outlet of the solvent regeneration assembly is communicated with a barren liquor inlet of the light oil recycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9). The device can realize gradient utilization of amine liquid and reduce energy consumption according to different qualities of rich liquor and different requirements on barren liquor of a light oil hydrogenation device and a heavy oil hydrogenation device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of petrochemical equipment technology, and in particular to a hydrogenation device. Background Technology

[0002] Gasoline hydrotreating units and diesel hydrotreating units generally consist of a reaction unit, a fractionation unit, and a circulating hydrogen desulfurization and solvent regeneration unit. The circulating hydrogen desulfurization and solvent regeneration unit is mainly used to remove sulfur from the circulating hydrogen. The desulfurized circulating hydrogen is sent to the reaction unit for reuse. The amine-rich liquid produced by the circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower is regenerated by the solvent regeneration tower and then sent to the circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower for recycling. The acidic gas desorbed from the top of the regeneration tower is sent to the matching sulfuric acid unit.

[0003] Currently, some refineries equip their gasoline and diesel hydrotreating units with circulating hydrogen desulfurization (HFD) towers and solvent regeneration towers. The rich amine solution from the circulating HFD tower is regenerated into lean amine solution in the solvent regeneration tower and then sent back to the circulating HFD tower for recycling. Other refineries share a single solvent regeneration tower for both gasoline and diesel hydrotreating units. The rich amine solutions from the gasoline and diesel hydrotreating units are mixed and then enter the solvent regeneration tower. The regenerated lean amine solution is then split into two separate streams and sent to the gasoline and diesel hydrotreating units for recycling, respectively. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a typical hydrogenation unit connection in the prior art. However, the hydrogen sulfide content of the amine-rich liquid from a typical light oil hydrogenation unit is low. If it is sent to a solvent regeneration tower for regeneration, it will result in energy waste and increased costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a hydrogenation device that can achieve cascaded utilization of amine solution and reduce energy consumption, based on the different rich solution quality and different requirements for lean solution in light oil hydrogenation devices and heavy oil hydrogenation devices.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A hydrogenation apparatus includes a heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower connected to a heavy oil pre-desulfurization circulating hydrogen inlet, a heavy oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank connected to the outlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower, a solvent regeneration component connected to the outlet of the heavy oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank, a light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower connected to a light oil pre-desulfurization circulating hydrogen inlet, and a light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank connected to the outlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower. The rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower, and the lean liquid outlet of the solvent regeneration component is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower.

[0007] Optionally, the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrotreating rich liquid flash tank is connected to the inlet of the solvent regeneration component.

[0008] Optionally, the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower.

[0009] Optionally, it further includes a control mechanism, the control mechanism comprising:

[0010] A detection unit for monitoring the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower and the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower.

[0011] A control unit connected to the detection unit is configured to, when detecting that the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower after desulfurization is less than a first threshold, control the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank to connect with the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower; when detecting that the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower after desulfurization is greater than the first threshold, control the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank to connect with the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower; and when detecting that the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower after desulfurization is greater than a second threshold, control the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank to connect with the inlet of the solvent regeneration component, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0012] Optionally, the control unit includes:

[0013] A first control valve is installed on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank and the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower;

[0014] A second control valve is installed on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank and the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower;

[0015] A third control valve is installed on the pipeline between the light oil hydrotreating rich liquid flash tank and the solvent regeneration component;

[0016] The control module connected to the first control valve, the second control valve, and the third control valve is used to control the first control valve to open when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the current light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower after desulfurization is less than a first threshold; control the first control valve to close and the second control valve to open when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the current light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower after desulfurization is greater than the first threshold; and control the second control valve to close and the third control valve to open when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the current heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower after desulfurization is greater than the second threshold.

[0017] Optionally, the detection unit includes:

[0018] Sampling valves are respectively installed on the outlet pipeline of the desulfurized circulating hydrogen of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower and the outlet pipeline of the desulfurized circulating hydrogen of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower;

[0019] A gas detector is used to receive the gas from the sampling valve and detect the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen gas. The control unit is connected to the gas detector.

[0020] Optionally, the lean liquid outlet of the solvent regeneration component is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrodesulfurization tower.

[0021] Optionally, a level gauge is provided at the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank, and the level gauge is connected to the control mechanism. The control mechanism is used to control the solvent regeneration component to connect with the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower when the level gauge detects that the rich liquid in the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank is lower than a threshold.

[0022] Optionally, the solvent regeneration assembly includes a rich liquid filter, a rich and lean liquid heat exchanger, and a solvent regeneration tower. The lean liquid outlet of the solvent regeneration tower is connected to a large lean liquid tank. The lean liquid outlet of the large lean liquid tank is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower via a heavy oil lean liquid buffer tank. The lean liquid outlet of the large lean liquid tank is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower via a light oil lean liquid buffer tank.

[0023] A level gauge is installed at the large lean liquid tank. The level gauge is connected to the control mechanism. The control mechanism is used to control the large lean liquid tank to connect with an external lean liquid source when the level gauge detects that the rich liquid in the large lean liquid tank is lower than a set value.

[0024] Optionally, the large lean solution tank is connected to the lean solution source, and the large lean solution tank includes two lean solution zones that are both connected to the solvent regeneration component. The lean solution outlet of the first lean solution zone is connected to the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower, the lean solution outlet of the second lean solution zone is connected to the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower, and the lean solution inlet of the second lean solution zone is connected to the rich solution outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich solution flash tank.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: A circulating hydrogen desulfurization reaction occurs within both the heavy oil and light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization towers. The purified circulating hydrogen is discharged from the top of the towers, while the desulfurized rich amine solution flows out from the bottom, leaving the circulating hydrogen desulfurization towers. The heavy oil hydrogenation rich solution flash tank receives hydrogen sulfide-rich liquid from both the heavy oil and light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization towers, i.e., the rich solution. After being discharged from the heavy oil and light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization towers, the rich amine solution enters the flash tank. By reducing the pressure, the hydrogen sulfide-rich liquid undergoes flash evaporation, separating light hydrocarbons and gases within the tank, thereby reducing the hydrogen sulfide content in the rich solution. The purified rich amine solution from the heavy oil hydrogenation rich solution flash tank enters the solvent regeneration component. The solvent regeneration component desorbs the hydrogen sulfide-rich solvent at a higher temperature. Through heating, the hydrogen sulfide is desorbed from the solvent, regenerating the amine solution into a lean amine solution, achieving the purpose of regeneration. The desorbed lean solvent can be recycled to continue the absorption process, forming a closed-loop system to ensure the regeneration and recycling of the amine solution. The rich amine solution purified by the flash tank of the light oil hydrotreating system has a low hydrogen sulfide content and is sent to the lean solution inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower to achieve the recycling of the rich amine solution.

[0026] By applying the technical solution provided in this utility model embodiment, since the hydrogen sulfide content in the light feedstock hydrogen is relatively low, the hydrogen sulfide content in the rich amine liquid after purification by the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower and the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank is even lower, meeting the requirements of the lean liquid in the heavy oil hydrogenation unit. The rich amine liquid purified by the light oil hydrogenation unit can be directly sent to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower. That is, based on the different rich liquid quality and different requirements for lean liquid between the light oil hydrogenation unit and the heavy oil hydrogenation unit, the rich amine liquid is recycled, reducing unit energy consumption and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a typical hydrogenation device connection in the prior art;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of a hydrogenation device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 1. Heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower; 2. Solvent regeneration tower; 3. Heavy oil lean liquid buffer tank; 4. Heavy oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank; 5. Large lean liquid tank; 6. Rich liquid filter; 7. Lean and rich liquid heat exchanger; 8. Light oil lean liquid buffer tank; 9. Light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower; 10. Light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank; 11. Lean liquid pump; a. Heavy oil pre-desulfurization circulating hydrogen inlet pipeline; b. Heavy oil post-desulfurization circulating hydrogen outlet pipeline; c. Heavy oil rich liquid outlet pipeline; d. Solvent regeneration tower lean liquid outlet pipeline; e. Light oil circulating hydrogen inlet pipeline; f. Light oil post-desulfurization circulating hydrogen outlet pipeline; g. Light oil rich liquid outlet pipeline; h. Light oil rich liquid recovery pipeline; i. Heavy oil lean liquid inlet pipeline; j. Acid gas outlet pipeline; k. Heavy oil lean liquid regeneration inlet pipeline; l. Light oil lean liquid circulating inlet pipeline; m. Light oil lean liquid regeneration inlet pipeline; n. Solvent regeneration rich liquid inlet pipeline; o. Heavy oil lean liquid non-regeneration inlet pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The core of this invention is to provide a hydrogenation device that, based on the different rich liquid quality and different requirements for lean liquid in light oil hydrogenation devices and heavy oil hydrogenation devices, enables the cascade utilization of amine liquid and reduces energy consumption.

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of a hydrogenation device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the hydrogenation device provided by this utility model includes a heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 connected to the heavy oil pre-desulfurization circulating hydrogen inlet, a heavy oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 4 connected to the outlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1, a solvent regeneration component connected to the outlet of the heavy oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 4, a light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 connected to the light oil pre-desulfurization circulating hydrogen inlet, a light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 connected to the outlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9, the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 being connected to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1, and the lean liquid outlet of the solvent regeneration component being connected to the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9.

[0036] In the above structure, the main function of the hydrogenation unit is to achieve the hydrogenation treatment of heavy oil and light oil through processes such as circulating hydrogen desulfurization and solvent regeneration.

[0037] Heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 is a circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower for a heavy feedstock hydrogenation unit. The heavy feedstock can be diesel oil, wax oil, residual oil, etc. Light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 is a circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower for a light feedstock hydrogenation unit. The light feedstock can be gasoline, jet fuel, etc.

[0038] In the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 and the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9, a circulating hydrogen desulfurization reaction occurs. Specifically, hydrogen sulfide in the circulating hydrogen reacts chemically with lean amine solution to generate rich amine solution, which is then removed, maintaining a certain hydrogen purity in the circulating hydrogen. Circulating hydrogen enters from the bottom of the tower, while lean amine solution enters from the side. The two react fully within the tower, absorbing the hydrogen sulfide. The purified circulating hydrogen is discharged from the top of the tower, while the desulfurized rich amine solution flows out from the bottom and leaves the circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower.

[0039] The heavy oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 4 receives hydrogen sulfide-rich liquid from the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1, and the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 receives hydrogen sulfide-rich liquid from the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9, i.e., rich liquid. The amine-rich liquid, after being discharged from the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 and the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9, enters the flash tank. By reducing the pressure, the hydrogen sulfide-rich liquid undergoes flash evaporation, and light hydrocarbons and gases are separated within the tank, thereby reducing the hydrogen sulfide content in the rich liquid. The purified amine-rich liquid from the heavy oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 4 enters the solvent regeneration component. The solvent regeneration component desorbs the hydrogen sulfide-rich solvent at a higher temperature. Through heating, hydrogen sulfide is desorbed from the solvent, regenerating the amine liquid into a lean amine liquid, achieving the purpose of regeneration. The desorbed lean solvent can be recycled to continue the absorption process, forming a closed-loop system to ensure the regeneration and recycling of the amine liquid. The hydrogen sulfide content of the rich amine liquid purified by the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 is low, and it is sent to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 to realize the recycling of the rich amine liquid.

[0040] Taking diesel and gasoline as examples, the diesel hydrotreating unit process is as follows: Pre-desulfurization circulating hydrogen from the diesel hydrotreating unit's reaction unit enters the diesel circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower via the heavy oil pre-desulfurization circulating hydrogen inlet pipeline a, where it comes into countercurrent contact with the lean solvent from the heavy oil lean liquid inlet pipeline j. The circulating hydrogen, having removed hydrogen sulfide, flows from the top of the diesel circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower through the heavy oil post-desulfurization circulating hydrogen outlet pipeline b to the compressor, where it is compressed and sent back to the reaction system for recycling. The rich solvent, having absorbed hydrogen sulfide, flows from the bottom of the diesel circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower through the heavy oil rich liquid outlet pipeline c into the diesel hydrotreating rich liquid flash tank. After flash evaporation, the gaseous phase enters the subsequent desulfurization treatment unit and is regenerated in the solvent regeneration component. The top acidic gas is sent to the matching sulfuric acid unit via the acidic gas outlet pipeline k. The bottom regenerated lean liquid, after cooling and pressurization, returns to the desulfurization tower for recycling.

[0041] Gasoline hydrotreating unit process: The pre-desulfurization circulating hydrogen from the gasoline hydrotreating unit's reaction unit enters the gasoline circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower through the light oil circulating hydrogen inlet pipeline e, where it comes into countercurrent contact with the lean solvent from the light oil lean liquid inlet pipeline h. The circulating hydrogen that has had hydrogen sulfide removed flows from the top of the gasoline circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower through the light oil post-desulfurization circulating hydrogen outlet pipeline f to the compressor, where it is compressed and sent back to the reaction system for recycling. The rich solvent that has absorbed hydrogen sulfide flows from the bottom of the gasoline circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower through the light oil rich liquid outlet pipeline g into the gasoline hydrotreating rich liquid flash tank. After flash evaporation, the gas phase enters the subsequent desulfurization treatment unit, and the rich liquid is directly connected to the heavy oil lean liquid inlet pipeline j and then directly enters the diesel circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower for recycling.

[0042] By applying the technical solution provided in this embodiment of the invention, since the hydrogen sulfide content in the light feedstock hydrogen is relatively low, the hydrogen sulfide content in the rich amine liquid purified by the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 and the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 is even lower, meeting the requirements of the lean liquid in the heavy oil hydrogenation unit. The rich amine liquid purified by the light oil hydrogenation unit can be directly sent to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1. That is, based on the different rich liquid quality and different requirements for lean liquid between the light oil hydrogenation unit and the heavy oil hydrogenation unit, the rich amine liquid is recycled, reducing energy consumption and cost.

[0043] Based on the above specific embodiments, the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 is connected to the inlet of the solvent regeneration component.

[0044] In one specific embodiment, the rich solvent absorbing hydrogen sulfide enters the light oil hydrodesulfurization tower 9 from the bottom via the light oil rich liquid outlet pipeline g into the light oil hydrotreating rich liquid flash tank 10. After flash evaporation, the gaseous phase enters the subsequent desulfurization treatment unit. The rich liquid is combined with the diesel hydrodesulfurization rich liquid via the solvent regeneration rich liquid inlet pipeline o and enters the solvent regeneration component. The lean liquid after regeneration by the solvent regeneration component is cooled and pressurized, and then returned to the desulfurization tower for recycling. That is to say, the rich liquid of the light oil hydrotreating unit can be used as the lean liquid of the heavy oil circulating hydrodesulfurization tower 1 at the same time, and can also enter the solvent regeneration component for regeneration treatment. Specifically, the flow direction of the rich liquid can be controlled by a three-way valve. The light oil hydrodesulfurization rich liquid can be dynamically allocated to different treatment paths according to the needs of the heavy oil circulating hydrodesulfurization tower and the load of the regeneration unit, further optimizing resource utilization and reducing operating costs.

[0045] Based on the above specific embodiments, the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the destination of the rich liquid in the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual operating conditions. When the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 needs to be replenished with lean liquid, the flash-evaporated rich amine liquid can directly enter the tower through the light oil lean liquid circulation inlet pipeline m to continue participating in the desulfurization process. If the hydrogen sulfide content of the rich amine liquid is high or further treatment is required, it can be sent to the solvent regeneration component for regeneration. This control is efficient and flexible, which not only improves resource utilization but also reduces operating costs.

[0047] Based on the above specific embodiments, a control mechanism is also included, which includes:

[0048] A detection unit used to monitor the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 and the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1.

[0049] The control unit, connected to the detection unit, is used to connect the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrotreating rich liquid flash tank 10 to the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the current light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 after desulfurization is less than a first threshold; when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the current light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 after desulfurization is greater than the first threshold, it controls the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrotreating rich liquid flash tank 10 to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1; and when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the current heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 after desulfurization is greater than a second threshold, it controls the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrotreating rich liquid flash tank 10 to the inlet of the solvent regeneration component, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0050] In practical applications, the control mechanism monitors the hydrogen sulfide content in the circulating hydrogen and dynamically adjusts the rich liquid flow direction of the light oil hydrotreating rich liquid flash tank 10 to optimize the operating efficiency and stability of the entire hydrodesulfurization system.

[0051] Specifically, the detection unit is used to monitor the hydrogen sulfide content in the hydrogen gas at the outlet of the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 and the hydrogen sulfide content in the hydrogen gas at the outlet of the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1. The control unit is connected to the detection unit and dynamically adjusts the rich liquid flow direction based on the detection results.

[0052] When the hydrogen sulfide content in the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 is less than the first threshold (e.g., the first threshold is 500 ppm), the control unit connects the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenated rich liquid flash tank 10 with the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9.

[0053] When the hydrogen sulfide content in the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 exceeds the first threshold, the control unit connects the rich liquid outlet to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1.

[0054] When the hydrogen sulfide content in the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 is greater than the second threshold (e.g., the second threshold is 1500 ppm), the control unit connects the rich liquid outlet to the inlet of the solvent regeneration component.

[0055] By dynamically adjusting the flow direction of the rich liquor, the lean liquor supply of the light oil and heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization towers is ensured to always meet the desulfurization requirements, reducing the dependence on fresh lean liquor; the rich liquor is prevented from directly entering the solvent regeneration components, reducing energy consumption during the regeneration process; and through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, the hydrogen sulfide content in the circulating hydrogen is ensured to always be within a controllable range, improving the operational stability of the entire system.

[0056] Based on the above specific embodiments, the control unit includes:

[0057] The first control valve C is located on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 and the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9;

[0058] The second control valve A is installed on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 and the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1;

[0059] The third control valve B is located on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 and the solvent regeneration component;

[0060] The control module, connected to the first control valve C, the second control valve A, and the third control valve B, is used to control the first control valve C to open when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the current light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 is less than a first threshold; to control the first control valve C to close and the second control valve A to open when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the current light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 is greater than the first threshold; and to control the second control valve A to close and the third control valve B to open when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the hydrogen at the outlet of the current heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 is greater than the second threshold.

[0061] In practical applications, the control unit includes a first control valve C, a second control valve A, a third control valve B, and a control module. The first control valve C is located on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 and the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9. The second control valve A is located on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 and the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1. The third control valve B is located on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 and the solvent regeneration assembly. The control module is connected to the three control valves and controls the opening and closing of each valve based on signals from the detection unit.

[0062] Specifically, when the hydrogen sulfide content in the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 is less than the first threshold, the control module opens the first control valve C to send the rich liquid into the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9.

[0063] When the hydrogen sulfide content in the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 exceeds the first threshold, the control module closes the first control valve C and opens the second control valve A to send the rich liquid into the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1.

[0064] When the hydrogen sulfide content in the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization in the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 exceeds the second threshold, the control module closes the second control valve A and opens the third control valve B to send the rich liquid into the solvent regeneration component.

[0065] The flow direction of the rich liquor in the light oil hydrotreating rich liquor flash tank 10 is dynamically adjusted by the control unit and the pipeline is opened and closed by the control valve, ensuring the convenience of system adjustment. It can dynamically adjust the operating parameters according to the actual working conditions such as the operating status of the unit and the properties of the raw materials, optimize the distribution of rich liquor, reduce the dependence on fresh lean liquor, reduce the load on the regeneration unit, and ensure the flexibility and stability of operation.

[0066] Based on the above specific embodiments, the detection unit includes:

[0067] Sampling valves are respectively installed on the outlet pipeline of the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization of light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 and the outlet pipeline of the circulating hydrogen after desulfurization of heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1;

[0068] A gas detector is used to receive gas from a sampling valve and detect the percentage of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen. The control unit is connected to the gas detector.

[0069] In practical applications, the detection unit includes a sampling valve and a gas detector. The sampling valve is installed on the post-desulfurization circulating hydrogen outlet pipeline of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 and the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1, respectively. The sampling valve can be manually operated or automatically controlled to collect circulating hydrogen samples periodically or in real time in order to detect the content of hydrogen sulfide in them.

[0070] Gas detectors are used to analyze the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in circulating hydrogen samples collected by sampling valves. They can employ hydrogen sulfide gas sensors, such as electrochemical sensors, optical sensors, or gas chromatographs. They can detect hydrogen sulfide at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1500 ppm, offering high accuracy and accurately reflecting the actual hydrogen sulfide content.

[0071] The gas detector transmits the detected hydrogen sulfide content data to the control unit. The control unit receives the hydrogen sulfide content data in real time and makes a judgment based on a preset threshold. Based on the judgment result, the control unit issues instructions to adjust the on / off state of each control valve and optimize the flow direction of the rich liquid.

[0072] The detection unit can monitor the hydrogen sulfide content in the circulating hydrogen in real time, ensuring that the desulfurization effect always meets the process requirements. The detection process is simple, easy to operate, and has high detection accuracy. The control unit dynamically adjusts the flow direction of the rich liquid based on real-time data, and optimizes the system operating efficiency by rationally distributing the rich liquid.

[0073] Based on the above specific embodiments, the lean liquid outlet of the solvent regeneration component is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1.

[0074] In one specific embodiment, in the solvent regeneration assembly, the rich amine solution is heated by high-temperature steam to release hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, and the regenerated lean amine solution is discharged from the bottom of the tower. The regenerated lean amine solution undergoes heat exchange through a rich-lean-lean heat exchanger to lower its temperature, and is then pressurized and transported by lean solution pump 11. The lean amine solution is transported to the lean solution inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 through the heavy oil lean solution inlet pipeline j, and then to the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 through the light oil lean solution regeneration inlet pipeline n, where it contacts and absorbs hydrogen sulfide in the circulating hydrogen to complete the desulfurization process.

[0075] The heavy oil lean liquor regeneration inlet line l and the heavy oil lean liquor non-regeneration inlet line p merge into the heavy oil lean liquor inlet line j via a tee. Both the heavy oil lean liquor regeneration inlet line l and the heavy oil lean liquor non-regeneration inlet line p are equipped with on / off valves to control the lean liquor source for the diesel hydrotreating unit. When the lean liquor from the light oil hydrotreating unit meets the requirements of the heavy oil hydrotreating unit, the rich liquor from the light oil hydrotreating unit can be used as the lean liquor for the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1. By recycling the lean amine liquor, the need for replenishing fresh amine liquor is reduced, thus lowering production costs. When the lean liquor from the light oil hydrotreating unit does not meet the requirements of the heavy oil hydrotreating unit, the regenerated lean amine liquor is used as the lean liquor for the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1. The regenerated lean amine liquor has a high absorption capacity.

[0076] Based on the above specific embodiments, a level gauge is provided at the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10. The level gauge is connected to the control mechanism. The control mechanism is used to control the solvent regeneration component to connect with the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 when the level gauge detects that the rich liquid in the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 is lower than the threshold.

[0077] In one specific embodiment, a level gauge is installed at the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 to monitor the level of the rich liquid in the tank in real time. The level gauge can be a radar level gauge, which has a large measurement range and provides clear and intuitive readings. The level gauge is connected to a control mechanism. When the level gauge detects that the level of the rich liquid in the flash tank is lower than a set threshold, the control mechanism shuts off the connection between the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10 and the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9, and opens the pipeline of the solvent regeneration component, connecting the solvent regeneration component to the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1.

[0078] By linking the level gauge and the control mechanism, the rich liquid in the flash tank can be switched to the solvent regeneration component in time when the liquid level is too low, avoiding process fluctuations caused by insufficient liquid level; it can also prevent high-pressure gas from entering downstream equipment due to low liquid level, thereby improving the safety of the entire system.

[0079] Based on the above specific embodiments, the solvent regeneration assembly includes a rich liquid filter 6, a lean and rich liquid heat exchanger 7, and a solvent regeneration tower 2. The lean liquid outlet of the solvent regeneration tower 2 is connected to a large lean liquid tank 5. The lean liquid outlet of the large lean liquid tank 5 is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 through a heavy oil lean liquid buffer tank 3. The lean liquid outlet of the large lean liquid tank 5 is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 through a light oil lean liquid buffer tank 8.

[0080] In one specific embodiment, the solvent regeneration assembly includes a rich solution filter 6, a rich-lean-lean solution heat exchanger 7, and a solvent regeneration tower 2. The rich solution filter 6 filters impurities in the rich solution, ensuring the purity of the rich solution entering the regeneration tower. The rich-lean-lean solution heat exchanger 7 allows the rich solution to exchange heat with the regenerated lean solution, increasing the temperature of the rich solution and decreasing the temperature of the lean solution. The rich solution passes through high-temperature steam in the solvent regeneration tower 2, where hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide are desorbed, regenerating it into lean solution. The specific workflow is as follows: the rich solution first passes through the rich solution filter 6 to filter impurities. The filtered rich solution enters the rich-lean-lean solution heat exchanger 7, where it exchanges heat with the regenerated lean solution, raising its temperature to approximately 65°C. The heated rich solution then enters a flash tank, where dissolved hydrocarbons are flash-evaporated before entering the solvent regeneration tower 2.

[0081] The lean liquid outlet of solvent regeneration tower 2 is connected to the large lean liquid tank 5 via solvent regeneration tower lean liquid outlet pipeline d. The regenerated lean liquid enters the large lean liquid tank 5, which has a large capacity and can store a large amount of liquid for easy subsequent distribution. The lean liquid outlet of the large lean liquid tank 5 is connected to the lean liquid inlet of heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1 via heavy oil lean liquid buffer tank 3. The lean liquid outlet of the large lean liquid tank 5 is connected to the lean liquid inlet of light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 via light oil lean liquid buffer tank 8 via light oil lean liquid inlet pipeline h. A lean liquid pump 11 is installed on the light oil lean liquid inlet pipeline h.

[0082] The regenerated lean liquor is distributed to different desulfurization towers via buffer tanks, achieving solvent recycling. The buffer tanks allow for flexible adjustment of the lean liquor distribution according to the needs of different desulfurization towers. The design of the buffer tanks helps stabilize the flow rate and pressure of the lean liquor, ensuring the operational stability of the desulfurization towers.

[0083] In one specific embodiment, a level gauge is provided at the large lean liquid tank 5. The level gauge is connected to a control mechanism. The control mechanism is used to control the large lean liquid tank 5 to connect with an external lean liquid source when the level gauge detects that the rich liquid in the large lean liquid tank 5 is lower than a set value.

[0084] In practical applications, level gauges are installed at point 5 of the large lean solution tank to monitor the lean solution level in real time. The level gauges are connected to a control mechanism. When the level gauge detects that the lean solution level in the large lean solution tank 5 is lower than a set value, the control opens the connection pipe to an external lean solution source. Based on a preset level threshold, the valve is automatically controlled to replenish the lean solution, ensuring that the lean solution level in the large lean solution tank 5 is maintained within a safe operating range.

[0085] Based on the above specific embodiments, the large lean liquid tank 5 is connected to the lean liquid source. The large lean liquid tank 5 includes two lean liquid zones that are both connected to the solvent regeneration component. The lean liquid outlet of the first lean liquid zone is connected to the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9, the lean liquid outlet of the second lean liquid zone is connected to the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 1, and the lean liquid inlet of the second lean liquid zone is connected to the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogenation rich liquid flash tank 10.

[0086] In practical applications, the large lean liquid tank 5 has two independent lean liquid zones inside. The lean liquid outlet of the first lean liquid zone is connected to the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9 through a pipeline, so as to provide lean liquid to the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower 9.

[0087] The lean liquor outlet of the second lean liquor zone is connected to the lean liquor inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrodesulfurization tower 1, providing lean liquor to the heavy oil circulating hydrodesulfurization tower 1. Furthermore, the lean liquor inlet of the second lean liquor zone is connected to the rich liquor outlet of the light oil hydrotreating rich liquor flash tank 10 via the light oil rich liquor recovery pipeline i. This design allows the rich liquor, after flash treatment, to directly enter the second lean liquor zone of the large lean liquor tank 5 for recovery and storage, further participating in the lean liquor circulation.

[0088] In summary, through two independent lean liquor zones, the large lean liquor tank 5 can flexibly allocate lean liquor according to the needs of the light and heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization towers. Rich liquor, after flash evaporation, directly enters the large lean liquor tank 5 to further participate in the lean liquor circulation, thus improving resource utilization.

[0089] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0090] The hydrogenation apparatus provided by this utility model has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrogenation apparatus, characterized by, The heavy oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (1) is connected with the heavy oil cycle hydrogen inlet and the heavy oil pre-cycle hydrogen, the heavy oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (4) is connected with the outlet of the heavy oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (1), the solvent regeneration assembly is connected with the outlet of the heavy oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (4), the light oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) is connected with the light oil cycle hydrogen inlet and the light oil pre-cycle hydrogen, and the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) is connected with the outlet of the light oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9).

2. The hydrogenation device of claim 1, wherein, The rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) is connected with the inlet of the solvent regeneration assembly.

3. The hydrogenation device of claim 2, wherein, The rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) is connected with the lean liquid inlet of the light oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9).

4. The hydrogenation device of claim 3, wherein, The control mechanism comprises: a detection unit for monitoring the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen at the outlet of the light oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) and the outlet of the heavy oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (1); a control unit connected with the detection unit, which is used to control the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) to be connected with the lean liquid inlet of the light oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen at the outlet of the light oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) is less than a first threshold value, to control the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) to be connected with the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (1) when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen at the outlet of the light oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) is greater than the first threshold value, and to control the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) to be connected with the inlet of the solvent regeneration assembly when the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen at the outlet of the heavy oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (1) is greater than a second threshold value, the second threshold value being greater than the first threshold value.

5. The hydrogenation device of claim 4, wherein, The control unit comprises: a first control valve arranged on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) and the light oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (9); a second control valve arranged on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) and the heavy oil cycle hydrogen desulfurization tower (1); a third control valve arranged on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) and the solvent regeneration assembly; a fourth control valve arranged on the pipeline between the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) and the solvent regeneration assembly. A control module connected with the first control valve, the second control valve and the third control valve, used for controlling the first control valve to open when it is detected that the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen at the outlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) is less than a first threshold value, controlling the first control valve to close and the second control valve to open when it is detected that the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen at the outlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) is greater than the first threshold value, and controlling the second control valve to close and the third control valve to open when it is detected that the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen at the outlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (1) is greater than a second threshold value.

6. The hydrogenation device of claim 5, wherein, The detection unit comprises: A sampling valve respectively arranged on the outlet pipeline of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) and the outlet pipeline of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (1); A gas detector used for receiving the gas from the sampling valve and detecting the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in hydrogen, wherein the control unit is connected with the gas detector.

7. The hydrogenation device of claim 4, wherein, The lean liquid outlet of the solvent regeneration assembly is communicated with the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (1).

8. The hydrogenation device of claim 7, wherein, A liquid level meter is arranged at the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10), and the liquid level meter is connected with the control mechanism, which is used for controlling the solvent regeneration assembly to be communicated with the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (1) when the liquid level meter detects that the rich liquid in the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10) is lower than a threshold value.

9. The hydrogenation device of claim 7, wherein, The solvent regeneration assembly comprises a rich liquid filter (6), a lean-rich liquid heat exchanger (7) and a solvent regeneration tower (2), the lean liquid outlet of the solvent regeneration tower (2) is connected with a large lean liquid tank (5), the lean liquid outlet of the large lean liquid tank (5) and the lean liquid inlet of the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (1) are connected through a heavy oil lean liquid buffer tank (3), and the lean liquid outlet of the large lean liquid tank (5) and the lean liquid inlet of the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (9) are connected through a light oil lean liquid buffer tank (8). A liquid level meter is arranged at the large lean liquid tank (5), and the liquid level meter is connected with the control mechanism, which is used for controlling the large lean liquid tank (5) to be communicated with an external lean liquid source when the liquid level meter detects that the rich liquid in the large lean liquid tank (5) is lower than a set value.

10. The hydrogenation device of claim 9, wherein, The large lean liquid tank (5) is communicated with a lean liquid source, and the large lean liquid tank (5) comprises two lean liquid areas connected with the solvent regeneration assembly, wherein the lean liquid outlet of the first lean liquid area is communicated with the light oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (9), the lean liquid outlet of the second lean liquid area is communicated with the heavy oil circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower (1), and the lean liquid inlet of the second lean liquid area is communicated with the rich liquid outlet of the light oil hydrogen-rich liquid flash tank (10).

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