Mountain river kiloton-level heavy-weight frame pier type wharf structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mountainous river kiloton-grade heavy-weight frame pier type wharf structure. A frame pier type main body structure comprising at least two frame pier units is adopted; the lower portion of each frame pier unit is provided with a plurality of rock-socketed cast-in-place piles serving as a foundation. A cantilever type steel structure foundation is arranged at the upper part; a double-span bridge crane system is mounted on the cantilever type steel structure foundation; the frame pier type main body structure is provided with a layered mooring system of a plurality of mooring piers at different heights in the height direction, and the cantilever end of the cantilever type steel structure foundation extends to the position above a harbor basin. The wharf structure solves the problems that an existing wharf is insufficient in bearing capacity, low in loading and unloading efficiency, high in maintenance cost and the like under the conditions of large water head, high flow velocity and complex geology. The overall rigidity and stability are enhanced through a frame pier type main body structure, the loading and unloading efficiency is improved through a cantilever type steel structure foundation and a double-span bridge crane system, a layered mooring system adapts to large water level changes, and the horizontal load resisting capacity is optimized through inclined piles and rock-socketed cast-in-place pile foundations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wharf structure technology, and in particular to a frame pier type wharf structure for heavy-duty components with a capacity of thousands of tons in mountainous rivers. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerated development of energy resources, water conservancy projects, and transportation networks, the demand for transporting heavy equipment (such as wind power equipment, hydroelectric generators, and oil and gas modules weighing over 100 tons) in mountainous areas has surged. Waterway transportation, due to its low cost and high carrying capacity, has become the preferred mode of transport for overweight, oversized, and overlength equipment components. However, existing river wharves in mountainous areas generally suffer from insufficient berth tonnage, outdated loading and unloading processes, and poor shoreline adaptability, making it difficult to meet the demands of modern heavy equipment transportation.

[0003] Currently, the main types of wharf structures suitable for mountainous rivers include gravity wharves, high-pile wharves, pier wharves, and sloping wharves. These traditional wharves (such as gravity and sloping wharves) are ill-suited to the large water level differences (10-30m), rapid currents (≤6m / s), and complex geological conditions (overburden ≤20m) in mountainous rivers. They also present challenges in mooring and berthing, and have poor load-bearing capacity. High-pile wharves have weak resistance to horizontal loads. Loading and unloading capacity is limited; for example, most wharves on the upper reaches of the Yangtze River have lifting equipment with a lifting capacity ≤50t, far below the requirements for modern heavy equipment (such as wind turbine blades exceeding 100t). Sloping wharves rely on floating cranes or winches, which are inefficient and unsafe. Furthermore, economic and maintenance issues exist: gravity wharves have high foundation treatment costs, and high-pile wharves have high long-term maintenance costs. Traditional pier wharves have high operation and maintenance costs and pose safety hazards.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wharf structure suitable for mountainous river environments that can withstand loads of thousands of tons. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a frame pier type wharf structure for heavy-duty components weighing thousands of tons in mountainous rivers. This structure utilizes a frame pier type main structure with at least two frame pier units to construct the wharf structure, thereby improving the rigidity and stability of the overall structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model provides a frame pier type wharf structure for heavy-duty 1,000-ton vessels in mountainous rivers. The wharf structure adopts a frame pier type main structure. The frame pier type main structure includes at least two frame pier units. The lower part of each frame pier unit is provided with multiple rock-embedded cast-in-place piles as a foundation. The upper part of the frame pier type main structure is provided with a cantilever steel structure foundation. A double-span bridge crane system is installed on the cantilever steel structure foundation.

[0008] The frame pier-type main structure is equipped with a layered mooring system along the height direction, and the layered mooring system includes multiple mooring piers set at different heights; the cantilever end of the cantilever steel structure foundation extends above the harbor basin.

[0009] Furthermore, the rock-socketed cast-in-place piles include straight piles and inclined piles, with the inclination angle of the inclined piles being 10°~15°.

[0010] Furthermore, each mooring pier of the layered mooring system is equipped with a rubber fender and a mooring bollard.

[0011] Furthermore, the rubber fender is an SA350H type energy-absorbing rubber fender.

[0012] Furthermore, the double-span bridge crane system includes a heavy-duty bridge crane and a light-duty bridge crane. The heavy-duty bridge crane is used to lift heavy components, and the light-duty bridge crane is used to lift non-heavy components. The heavy-duty bridge crane and the light-duty bridge crane can cross each other on the cantilever steel structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the superstructure includes piers made of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete, and a load-bearing platform composed of longitudinal beams and transverse beams, wherein the longitudinal beams and transverse beams are rigidly connected to the columns to form a spatial rigid frame structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the longitudinal beams and transverse beams adopt a composite section of H-beams and concrete.

[0015] Furthermore, the cantilever steel structure foundation is a spatial rigid frame structure welded from steel pipes.

[0016] Furthermore, steel berthing components and steel longitudinal and transverse braces are provided between the frame pier units, and the steel berthing components are located in the low water level area.

[0017] Furthermore, the rubber fender is a replaceable structure.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] The present invention provides a frame pier type wharf structure for heavy-duty 1,000-ton vessels in mountainous river areas, which adopts a frame pier type main structure including at least two frame pier units; the lower part of each frame pier unit is provided with multiple rock-embedded cast-in-place piles as foundations; the upper part of the frame pier type main structure is provided with a cantilever steel structure foundation; a double-span bridge crane system is installed on the cantilever steel structure foundation; the frame pier type main structure is provided with a layered mooring system along the height direction, the layered mooring system including multiple mooring piers set at different heights; the cantilever end of the cantilever steel structure foundation extends to the upper part of the harbor basin.

[0020] This wharf structure addresses the problems of insufficient load-bearing capacity, low loading and unloading efficiency, and high maintenance costs associated with existing wharves under conditions of large water level differences, rapid currents, and complex geological conditions. The overall rigidity and stability are enhanced through a frame-pier main structure; loading and unloading efficiency is improved through cantilevered steel structure foundations and a double-span gantry crane system; a layered mooring system adapts to large water level changes; and the horizontal load resistance is optimized through inclined pile and rock-socketed cast-in-place pile foundations.

[0021] The frame pier-type main structure provided by this utility model is designed with rock-embedded cast-in-place pile foundations for mountainous geological conditions, and cantilevered steel structure foundations for supporting the structure on the upper part. It adopts a double-span bridge crane system to achieve efficient loading and unloading of equipment, and is adapted to a layered mooring system (including mooring piers of different heights) with large water level differences. It can solve the problem of mooring with large water level differences. Extending the cantilever end to the upper part of the harbor basin can meet the operational needs. Thus, it constitutes a technical solution for the safe and efficient loading and unloading of heavy items weighing thousands of tons under the conditions of large water level differences in mountainous rivers.

[0022] The layered mooring system provided by this invention enables multi-point berthing; optimizes the number of pile foundations; and adopts inclined pile support to improve the ability to resist horizontal loads.

[0023] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination and study, or may be learned from practice of this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the following drawings are provided for illustration:

[0025] Figure 1 Main view of the frame pier type wharf structure

[0026] Figure 2 Side view of a frame pier type wharf structure

[0027] Figure 3 3D view of the frame pier type wharf structure

[0028] In the diagram, 1 represents the pile foundation, 2 represents the frame pier unit, 3 represents the frame pier main structure, 4 represents the layered mooring system, and 5 represents the mooring pier. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a frame pier type wharf structure for heavy-lift vessels with a capacity of 1,000 tons in mountainous rivers. The wharf structure adopts a frame pier type main structure. The frame pier type main structure includes at least two frame pier units. The lower part of each frame pier unit is provided with multiple rock-embedded cast-in-place piles as a foundation. The upper part of the frame pier type main structure is provided with a cantilever steel structure foundation. A double-span bridge crane system is installed on the cantilever steel structure foundation. The frame pier type main structure is provided with a layered mooring system along the height direction. The layered mooring system includes multiple mooring piers set at different heights. The cantilever end of the cantilever steel structure foundation extends above the harbor basin. Each frame pier unit is provided with pile foundation, pier body, and superstructure.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the substructure of the frame pier main structure in this embodiment employs multiple rock-socketed cast-in-place piles (diameter 1.0~1.5m, pile length ≤40m), with some piles being inclined piles (inclination angle 10°~15°) to enhance resistance to horizontal forces (such as ship impact and water flow impact). The superstructure is composed of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete columns, rigidly connected by longitudinal and transverse bracing to form a spatial rigid frame system. The cantilevered steel structure foundation is a welded steel pipe truss structure, with the cantilever end extending above the harbor basin to support the double-span bridge crane system.

[0033] In this embodiment, the top of the pile foundation is connected to the pier body via pile caps, transmitting vertical and horizontal loads. The pier body is fixed to the upper steel structure foundation using high-strength bolts and welding to ensure integrity. The bridge crane track beam is laid on the cantilever steel structure, forming a stable support with the pier body.

[0034] The spatial rigid frame structure disperses dynamic loads (such as asymmetric hoisting and ship impacts), reducing localized stress concentration. Simultaneously, the cantilever design minimizes waterway obstruction, making it suitable for narrow mountain rivers.

[0035] Therefore, the frame-type pier main structure enhances the load-bearing capacity, enabling it to withstand the loading and unloading of heavy components weighing thousands of tons (such as wind power equipment and hydroelectric generators). The combination of rigid frame structure and inclined piles enhances stability, increasing the anti-overturning capacity by more than 30% compared to traditional pier-type wharves.

[0036] The double-span gantry crane system in this embodiment is suitable for lifting heavy items weighing up to 1,000 tons, with a maximum lifting capacity of 1,000 tons. It can also be arranged in parallel with a light gantry crane (50 tons) and can cross each other along the cantilever track. The gantry crane legs are supported on the land-side pier and the water-side cantilever end, with a span of 50 meters. The gantry crane track beam is fixed to the cantilever steel structure through embedded parts and welding to ensure anti-slip properties. The electrical control system is integrated into the pier body to reduce the impact of the external environment. This heavy-duty gantry crane is used for loading and unloading heavy items weighing up to 1,000 tons, while the light-duty gantry crane assists in the handling of small goods or containers, improving equipment utilization. The double-span collaborative operation reduces cargo transfer time. Compared with the traditional floating crane solution, the loading and unloading efficiency is improved by more than 50%, accommodating both heavy items and ordinary cargo, and reducing the empty load rate.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the layered mooring system in this embodiment includes mooring piers, rubber fenders, and bollards. The mooring piers are rigidly connected to the pier body via embedded steel plates, and the fenders are detachably installed using bolts. The bollards are equipped with hydraulic buffer devices that can automatically adjust the cable tension according to the water level. The mooring piers are arranged in 3-4 layers along the pier height, with each layer equipped with: In this embodiment, multiple pier structures can be used as mooring piers, meaning the entire pier structure constitutes a mooring pier.

[0038] The fenders are SA350H type, and the bollards are hydraulically adjustable (with a load capacity of 300~500kN). The tiered mooring system allows vessels to find suitable mooring points at different water levels (e.g., upper mooring bollards for high water levels, lower mooring bollards for low water levels). The combination of rubber fenders and hydraulic bollards effectively absorbs ship impact energy. The tiered mooring system offers water level adaptability and safety: it supports water level variations of up to 30m, increasing berthing efficiency by 40% compared to traditional fixed mooring systems. Ship impact force is reduced by 20%, and the fender life is extended to over 15 years.

[0039] In this embodiment, the inclined pile and rock-socketed pile foundation uses straight piles and inclined piles. The straight piles bear vertical loads, while the inclined piles resist horizontal forces. The inclination angle is set at 10°~15°, and the pile ends are embedded in the weakly weathered bedrock layer (bearing capacity ≥2500kPa). The pile body is made of C35 concrete. The pile group is connected as a whole by a reinforced concrete cap, which is cast integrally with the pier body. The inclined and straight piles are arranged in a triangle to optimize the pile group effect. The inclined piles offset horizontal loads such as ship mooring forces and water flow impacts. The rock-socketed design avoids settlement problems in soft soil foundations. The inclined piles control the horizontal displacement of the structure to ≤6mm (compared to ≥15mm for traditional pier-type wharves), providing overturning resistance; suitable for mountainous river geology with a cover layer ≤20m.

[0040] This embodiment systematically solves the technical bottleneck of a thousand-ton heavy cargo wharf in mountainous rivers through an innovative combination of frame pier structure, cantilever bridge crane, layered mooring, and inclined pile foundation. It has the advantages of high load-bearing capacity, high adaptability, and low maintenance cost, and is suitable for heavy cargo transportation scenarios such as hydropower and wind power.

[0041] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A framework pier type wharf structure for handling heavy cargo of thousands of tons in mountainous river, characterized in that: The wharf structure adopts a frame pier main structure; the frame pier main structure comprises at least two frame pier units; a lower part of each frame pier unit is provided with a plurality of rock-embedded cast-in-place piles as a foundation; an upper part of the frame pier main structure is provided with a cantilever steel structure foundation; a double-span bridge crane system is installed on the cantilever steel structure foundation; The frame pier main structure is provided with a layered mooring system in the height direction, the layered mooring system comprises a plurality of mooring piers arranged at different heights; a cantilever end of the cantilever steel structure foundation extends above a harbor basin.

2. The mountain river ten-thousand-ton major piece frame pier type wharf structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock-embedded cast-in-place pile comprises a straight pile and an inclined pile, and the inclined pile has an inclination angle of 10°-15°.

3. The mountain river ten-thousand-ton class heavy cargo pier structure of the frame pier type according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A rubber fender and a mooring bitt are arranged on each mooring pier of the layered mooring system.

4. The mountain river ten-thousand-ton major piece frame pier type wharf structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rubber fender is an SA350H energy-absorbing rubber fender.

5. The mountain river ten-thousand-ton major piece frame pier type wharf structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-span bridge crane system comprises a heavy bridge crane and a light bridge crane, the heavy bridge crane is used for hoisting heavy pieces, the light bridge crane is used for hoisting non-heavy pieces, and the heavy bridge crane and the light bridge crane can run through each other on the cantilever steel structure foundation.

6. The mountain river ten-thousand-ton class heavy cargo pier structure of the frame pier type according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame pier unit is provided with an upper structure; the upper structure comprises a pier platform composed of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete, and a bearing platform composed of longitudinal beams and transverse beams, the longitudinal beams and the transverse beams are rigidly connected with columns to form a spatial rigid frame structure.

7. The mountain river ten-thousand-ton major piece frame pier type wharf structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The longitudinal beams and the transverse beams adopt a combined section of H-shaped steel and concrete.

8. The mountain river ten-thousand-ton class heavy cargo pier structure of the frame pier type according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cantilever steel structure foundation is a spatial rigid frame structure welded by steel pipes.

9. The mountain river ten-thousand-ton class heavy cargo pier structure of the frame pier type according to claim 1, characterized in that: Steel berthing members and steel longitudinal and transverse braces are arranged between the frame pier units, and the steel berthing members are located in a low water level area.

10. The mountain river ten-thousand-ton class heavy cargo pier structure of the frame pier type according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The rubber fender is a replaceable structure.

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