Manual-automatic dual-purpose sand fishing drilling bucket unlocking device and sand fishing drilling bucket

Abstract

The utility model discloses a manual-automatic dual-purpose sand fishing drilling bucket unlocking device and a sand fishing drilling bucket, and belongs to the technical field of rotary drilling rigs. The device comprises an operating rod mechanism, a transmission connecting piece, an unlocking executing mechanism and a clamping assembly. The operating rod mechanism vertically penetrates through the drilling bucket top plate, the top end is provided with a manual operating handle, and the bottom end is fixedly provided with a transmission connecting piece of which the outer wall is provided with a spiral guide groove; the unlocking executing mechanism comprises a guide part embedded into the guide groove and a bottom end clamping block; the clamping assembly is fixed to the drilling bucket bottom plate and selectively connected with the clamping block in a clamped mode. When the operating rod is pressed downwards in the axial direction, the transmission connecting piece moves downwards, the unlocking rod is driven to rotate through the spiral guide groove, and the clamping block rotates to be separated from the clamping assembly; when the handle is manually rotated, the transmission connecting piece directly drives the unlocking rod to synchronously rotate for unlocking. Through the dual-mode driving design, manual mechanical emergency unlocking when automatic triggering fails is achieved, dependence on size matching of an external pressure plate is reduced, operation reliability, safety and working condition compatibility are improved, and the structure is compact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of rotary drilling rig technology, specifically a manual / automatic sand-scooping bucket unlocking device and a sand-scooping bucket. Background Technology

[0002] During rotary drilling rig construction, the sand-retrieving bucket, as a core component for removing cuttings, directly impacts the efficiency of cuttings unloading and construction safety due to the reliability of its bottom plate locking mechanism. Traditional sand-retrieving buckets generally employ a lever-type automatic unlocking structure, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown: It includes a pressure rod (12) vertically installed on the main body of the drill bucket. The bottom end of the pressure rod (12) is hinged to the bottom plate hook (5) through a pin. The top end is pre-tightened by a helical spring (14) to form an elastic reset component, so that the bottom plate hook (5) and the hook ring (6) on the bottom plate of the drill bucket are kept locked. When unloading the slag, the annular pressure plate at the lower end of the rotary drilling rig power head presses down on the top end of the pressure rod (12), forcing the pressure rod (12) to move downward against the spring force, driving the bottom plate hook (5) to rotate around the pin and disengage from the hook ring (6), thereby unlocking the bottom plate of the drill bucket. The drill slag pushes open the bottom plate of the drill bucket by its own weight to complete the unloading.

[0003] However, the existing sand-dredging drill bucket structure has the following defects: First, poor device compatibility: Since the sand-dredging drill bucket and the rotary drilling rig are from different manufacturers, the diameter and stroke of the pressure plate at the lower end of the power head may not match the installation position parameters of the drill bucket pressure rod, resulting in insufficient downward stroke of the pressure plate or failure to contact the top of the pressure rod, causing the unlocking function to completely fail; Second, lack of emergency unlocking mechanism: If a small-sized annular pressure plate is used, the automatic unlocking will fail when the pressure plate cannot press down the pressure rod. The existing technology lacks a manual emergency unlocking interface, and the slag can only be forcibly unloaded by manually disassembling the hinge pin or by destructive operation, which is time-consuming and prone to causing safety accidents such as the bottom plate accidentally popping open and drill slag splashing.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a manual / automatic sand-dredging bucket unlocking device, which has the advantages of improving device compatibility, enhancing the reliability of unlocking force transmission, and providing an emergency unlocking mechanism.

[0006] This utility model adopts the following technical solution: a manual / automatic sand-dredging bucket unlocking device, comprising:

[0007] The operating lever mechanism is vertically inserted through the top plate of the drill bucket and can move axially and rotate around the axis. It is equipped with a manual operating handle at the top.

[0008] The transmission connector is fixed to the bottom end of the operating lever mechanism, and its circumferential outer wall is provided with a spiral guide groove;

[0009] The unlocking actuator includes an unlocking rod that slides with the transmission connector, the unlocking rod having a guide portion embedded in a spiral guide groove, and a locking block at the bottom end of the unlocking rod;

[0010] The snap-fit ​​assembly is fixed to the upper surface of the drill bit bottom plate and selectively snaps into the snap-fit ​​block;

[0011] When the operating lever mechanism is subjected to axial pressure, the transmission connector moves downward and cooperates with the guide part through the spiral guide groove, forcing the unlocking lever to rotate around the axis, causing the locking block to rotate and disengage from the locking assembly; when the manual operating handle is rotated manually, the transmission connector directly drives the unlocking lever to rotate synchronously, causing the locking block to rotate and disengage from the locking assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the operating lever mechanism includes a pressure rod, a first axial limiting member, and an elastic reset assembly; the pressure rod vertically penetrates the top plate of the drill bucket, the first axial limiting member is fixed to the drill bucket connection above the top plate of the drill bucket, and the top of the pressure rod passes through the first axial limiting member and connects to the manual operating handle; the elastic reset assembly is sleeved on the pressure rod and is located between the first axial limiting member and the top plate of the drill bucket; when the pressure rod is subjected to axial pressure, it compresses the elastic reset assembly and moves straight down along the axial guide path of the first axial limiting member; after the pressure is released, the elastic reset assembly pushes the pressure rod to reset.

[0013] Furthermore, the operating lever mechanism also includes a two-way constraint assembly, which includes a limit seat fixed to the top plate of the drill bucket and a pluggable limit pin; the limit seat has a through hole for the pressure rod to pass through, and the side wall of the limit seat has a transverse pin hole; the pressure rod has a vertical waist-shaped groove extending along the axis, and the limit pin passes through the pin hole and contacts the inner wall of the vertical waist-shaped groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the unlocking actuator also includes an axial constraint assembly; the axial constraint assembly includes a guide seat fixed to the inner wall of the drill bucket cylinder and a limiting part provided on the unlocking rod; the guide seat and the limiting part cooperate to limit the axial displacement of the unlocking rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting part consists of two limiting rings sleeved on the unlocking rod, and the guide seat is slidably sleeved on the unlocking rod and located between the two limiting rings. The distance between the limiting rings is greater than the thickness of the guide seat to allow the unlocking rod to float slightly axially.

[0016] Furthermore, the snap-fit ​​assembly includes a snap-fit ​​base fixed to the bottom plate of the drill bit, and the snap-fit ​​base is provided with a snap-fit ​​hole that matches the snap-fit ​​block; after the snap-fit ​​block passes through the snap-fit ​​hole, it rotates 90° and snaps into the snap-fit ​​base.

[0017] Furthermore, the spiral guide groove is a spiral cut groove that starts from the bottom end and extends upward on the transmission connector. A reinforcing ring is provided at its lower end, and the reinforcing ring is detachably and fixedly connected to the transmission connector.

[0018] Furthermore, the elastic reset assembly includes a helical spring and a second axial limiting member. The second axial limiting member is sleeved on the pressure rod, and the two ends of the helical spring are respectively connected to the second axial limiting member and the limiting seat.

[0019] Furthermore, the guide portion is a radial protrusion fixed to the upper end of the unlocking rod. The protrusion is embedded in the spiral guide groove and slides along the spiral trajectory within the spiral guide groove.

[0020] This utility model also provides a sand dredging bucket, including any one of the above-mentioned manual and automatic sand dredging bucket unlocking devices.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] (1) This utility model uses the linkage design of the operating lever mechanism and the spiral guide groove to enable the unlocking lever to rotate in both axial pressure downward and manual rotation operation modes, so as to realize the quick disengagement of the locking block and the locking component; through the manual and automatic unlocking mechanism, the sand dredging bucket can be forcibly unlocked by manual operation when the automatic trigger fails, which significantly improves the reliability of operation and the efficiency of emergency handling, while reducing the requirements for matching the size parameters of the external pressure plate. When the automatic mode fails, it can still be unlocked by pure mechanical transmission, which significantly improves the compatibility of the device with different working conditions and the safety of the operation process.

[0023] (2) The bidirectional constraint component of this utility model achieves intelligent switching of the pressure rod movement state through the precise cooperation of the limit seat, the vertical waist groove and the limit pin, taking into account both the efficiency of automatic triggering and the reliability of manual emergency response. At the same time, the high rigidity and compact design adapt to complex engineering environments, significantly reducing the failure rate and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of an existing sand-dredging drill bucket;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the manual / automatic sand-dredging bucket unlocking device of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the manual / automatic sand-dredging bucket unlocking device of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 In this utility model Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sand-dredging drill bucket of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-dredging bucket part of this utility model;

[0031] Wherein: 1-Operating lever mechanism, 11-Manual operating handle, 12-Pressure lever, 120-Vertical waist-shaped groove, 13-First axial limiting component, 14-Elastic reset assembly, 140-Helical spring, 141-Second axial limiting component, 15-Bidirectional constraint assembly, 150-Limiting seat, 1500-Through hole, 1501-Transverse pin hole, 151-Limiting pin, 2-Sand dredging drill bucket, 21-Drill bucket top plate, 22-Drill bucket bottom plate, 23 - Drill bucket connection, 24- Drill bucket body, 3- Transmission connector, 31- Spiral guide groove, 32- Reinforcing ring, 4- Unlocking actuator, 41- Unlocking rod, 42- Guide part, 420- Radial protrusion, 43- Snap-fit ​​block, 44- Snap-fit ​​assembly, 440- Snap-fit ​​seat, 4400- Snap-fit ​​hole, 45- Axial constraint assembly, 450- Guide seat, 451- Limiting part, 4510- Limiting ring, 5- Bottom plate hook, 6- Hook ring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] The following is combined with Figures 2 to 6 The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0034] This utility model provides a manual / automatic sand-dredging drill bucket unlocking device, including an operating lever mechanism 1, which is vertically inserted through the top plate 21 of the drill bucket and can move axially and rotate around the axis. The top of the lever mechanism 1 is provided with a manual operating handle 11. A transmission connector 3 is fixed to the bottom end of the operating lever mechanism 1 and has a spiral guide groove 31 on its circumferential outer wall. An unlocking execution mechanism 4 includes an unlocking rod 41 that slides with the transmission connector 3. The unlocking rod 41 has a guide part 42 embedded in the spiral guide groove 31 and a locking block 43 at the bottom end of the unlocking rod 41. A locking assembly 44 is fixed to the upper surface of the bottom plate 22 of the drill bucket and selectively locks with the locking block 43.

[0035] When the operating lever mechanism 1 is subjected to axial pressure, the transmission connector 3 moves down and cooperates with the guide part 42 through the spiral guide groove 31, forcing the unlocking lever 41 to rotate around the axis, causing the locking block 43 to rotate and disengage from the locking assembly 44; when the manual operating handle 11 is manually rotated, the transmission connector 3 directly drives the unlocking lever 41 to rotate synchronously, causing the locking block 43 to disengage from the locking assembly 44.

[0036] In this invention, the operating lever mechanism 1 refers to a rigid rod capable of simultaneously performing axial movement and rotational motion. The transmission connecting member 3 refers to a transition component rigidly connected to the operating lever mechanism 1, which may be a sleeve structure. A spiral guide groove 31 on its outer wall is used to convert axial displacement into rotational motion. The unlocking lever 41 in the unlocking actuator 4 refers to a transmission rod with a guide portion 42, and motion conversion is achieved through the sliding engagement of the guide portion 42 and the spiral guide groove 31. The locking assembly 44 refers to a fixed seat containing a locking hole, and mechanical interlocking is achieved through the misaligned engagement of the locking block 43 and the locking hole.

[0037] Specifically, when external pressure is applied to the top of the operating lever mechanism 1 (i.e., when the pressure plate at the lower end of the rotary drilling rig's power head applies an external force to the operating lever mechanism 1), the operating lever mechanism 1 moves downward along the axial direction, causing the transmission connecting piece 3 to move downward synchronously. The spiral guide groove 31 and the guide part 42 of the unlocking rod 41 slide relative to each other, forcing the unlocking rod 41 to rotate around its own axis. This rotation causes the locking block 43 to rotate until it is parallel and aligned with the locking hole of the locking assembly 44. The drill bucket bottom plate 22 rotates downward under its own weight and the weight of the drill cuttings, causing the locking block 43 to disengage from the locking assembly 44, completing the cuttings unloading operation. When automatic unlocking fails, the operator can directly rotate the manual operating handle 11. Since the unlocking rod 41 and the transmission connecting piece 3 remain circumferentially fixed, the rotational torque is directly transmitted to the unlocking rod 41 through the transmission connecting piece 3. The operating lever mechanism 1 directly drives the transmission connecting piece 3 to rotate, causing the locking block 43 to rotate away from the locking assembly 44, achieving manual emergency unlocking.

[0038] Compared with existing technologies, traditional unlocking devices rely solely on single axial pressure for unlocking. This solution, through the dual design of the spiral guide groove 31 and the manual operating handle 11, retains the automatic unlocking function while adding an independent manual interface, reducing the requirements for matching the external pressure plate size parameters. Even when the automatic mode fails, unlocking can still be achieved through pure mechanical transmission, significantly improving system reliability.

[0039] For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 6In this embodiment, the operating lever mechanism 1 includes a pressure rod 12, a first axial limiting member 13, and an elastic reset assembly 14. The pressure rod 12 vertically penetrates the top plate 21 of the drill bucket. The first axial limiting member 13 is fixed to the drill bucket connecting side 23 above the top plate 21 of the drill bucket, and the top end of the pressure rod 12 passes through the first axial limiting member 13 and is connected to the manual operating handle 11. The elastic reset assembly 14 is sleeved on the pressure rod 12 and is located between the first axial limiting member 13 and the top plate 21 of the drill bucket. When the pressure rod 12 is subjected to axial pressure, it compresses the elastic reset assembly 14 and moves straight down along the axial guide path of the first axial limiting member 13. After the pressure is released, the elastic reset assembly 14 pushes the pressure rod 12 to reset.

[0040] The pressure rod 12 refers to a rod-shaped component with axial movement and rotational freedom. Specifically, it can be implemented as a cylindrical metal rod that penetrates the top plate 21 of the drill bucket to form a rigid support structure. Its top end is welded and fixed to the manual operating handle 11, and its bottom end is fixed to the transmission connecting piece 3 by a pin or welding. There are no restrictions on this. The first axial limiting piece 13 refers to a guide limiting plate fixed to the drill bucket connecting piece 23. One end is provided with a through hole, and the inner diameter of the through hole is clearance-fitted with the outer diameter of the pressure rod 12 to form a rigid guide reference surface for axial movement.

[0041] Specifically, when the pressure plate at the lower end of the power head applies axial pressure to the pressure rod 12, the pressure rod 12 moves downward along the through hole of the first axial limiting member 13. At this time, the elastic reset component 14 is compressed and stores elastic potential energy. When the pressure is removed, the elastic reset component 14 releases the stored elastic potential energy, pushing the pressure rod 12 to move in the opposite direction along the through hole back to the initial position. During this process, the inner wall of the through hole of the first axial limiting member 13 continuously constrains the radial displacement of the pressure rod 12.

[0042] This solution, through the synergistic effect of the first axial limiting member 13 and the elastic reset component 14, ensures the axial movement freedom of the pressure rod 12 while eliminating radial offset, so that the pressure rod 12 always moves along the preset path during the pressing and reset process, and at the same time ensures that the pressure rod 12 can still reliably reset under repeated impact loads.

[0043] For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 6In this embodiment, the operating lever mechanism 1 further includes a bidirectional constraint assembly 15, which includes a limiting seat 150 fixed to the top plate 21 of the drill bucket and a pluggable limiting pin 151. The limiting seat 150 is provided with a through hole 1500 through which the pressure rod 12 passes, and the side wall of the limiting seat 150 is provided with a transverse pin hole 1501. The pressure rod 12 is provided with a vertical waist-shaped groove 120 extending along the axis. The limiting pin 151 passes through the pin hole 1501 and contacts the inner wall of the vertical waist-shaped groove 120, limiting the pressure rod 12 to move a fixed distance in the vertical direction and preventing the pressure rod 12 from rotating around the axis. When the limiting pin 151 is pulled out, the manual operating handle 11 can be manually rotated, and the pressure rod 12 can rotate around the axis.

[0044] The limiting seat 150 is an inverted U-shaped metal component fixed to the top plate 21 of the drill bit by welding. Its through hole 1500 has a clearance fit with the outer wall of the pressure rod 12, providing a reference constraint for the axial movement of the pressure rod 12. The transverse pin hole 1501 is a circular hole perpendicular to the axis of the through hole 1500 and penetrating both sides of the limiting seat 150, used to install the limiting pin 151. The vertical waist-shaped groove 120 is an elongated through groove extending axially along the pressure rod 12, its length determining the maximum axial displacement of the pressure rod 12. The limiting pin 151 is a cylindrical metal component penetrating the transverse pin hole 1501 and inserted into the vertical waist-shaped groove 120. Its diameter has a clearance fit with the width of the vertical waist-shaped groove 120, used to limit the axial movement range of the pressure rod 12 while restricting its rotation around its own axis.

[0045] Specifically, when the pressure rod 12 moves axially along the through hole 1500 under the drive of the elastic reset assembly 14, the contact surface between the limiting pin 151 and the vertical waist-shaped groove 120 forms a physical limit. When the pressure rod 12 moves downward under external pressure, the upper end of the vertical waist-shaped groove 120 contacts the limiting pin 151 to prevent further downward movement; when the elastic reset assembly 14 pushes the pressure rod 12 upward to reset, the lower end of the vertical waist-shaped groove 120 contacts the limiting pin 151 to limit the upward movement. The length of the vertical waist-shaped groove 120 is set so that the axial displacement of the pressure rod 12 precisely matches the required rotation angle of the unlocking rod 41, which avoids excessive compression of the elastic reset assembly 14 leading to plastic deformation, and ensures that the locking block 43 can be completely disengaged from the locking assembly 44 when rotated to the appropriate angle. During manual rotation operation, the operator needs to first pull out the limiting pin 151 so that the pressure rod 12 can rotate freely and drive the unlocking rod 41 to rotate synchronously. Preferably, one end of the limiting pin 151 is fixed to the limiting seat 150 by a pull rope to prevent it from accidentally falling off and being lost during operation.

[0046] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves precise control of the axial movement stroke of the pressure rod 12, ensuring that the unlocking actuator 4 obtains a stable and reliable drive displacement, avoiding the situation where the locking block 43 cannot completely disengage from the locking hole on the locking assembly 44 due to insufficient stroke, significantly improving the device's position holding capability under vibration and impact conditions, while maintaining compatibility with manual and automatic dual-mode operation.

[0047] For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 3 , Figure 6 In this embodiment, the unlocking actuator 4 also includes an axial constraint component 45; the axial constraint component 45 includes a guide seat 450 fixed on the inner wall of the drill bucket body 24 and a limiting part 451 provided on the unlocking rod 41; the guide seat 450 and the limiting part 451 cooperate to limit the axial displacement of the unlocking rod 41.

[0048] For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 3 , Figure 6 In this embodiment, the limiting part 451 consists of two limiting rings 4510 sleeved on the unlocking rod 41. The guide seat 450 is slidably sleeved on the unlocking rod 41 and located between the two limiting rings 4510. The distance between the limiting rings 4510 is greater than the thickness of the guide seat 450 to allow the unlocking rod 41 to float slightly axially.

[0049] The guide seat 450 is a lug plate fixed to the inner wall of the drill bucket body 24 by welding. It has a through hole at its center that matches the diameter of the unlocking rod 41, used to guide the rotational movement of the unlocking rod 41. To ensure the stability of the lug plate, a reinforcing angle plate can also be welded below the lug plate; this is not a restriction. The limiting ring 4510 refers to two annular metal washers fitted onto the unlocking rod 41. The distance between the two annular metal washers is greater than the thickness of the guide seat 450, allowing the unlocking rod 41 to float axially within a small range.

[0050] Specifically, the two limiting rings 4510 on the unlocking rod 41 are located on the upper and lower sides of the guide seat 450, respectively, forming an axial constraint. When the operating lever mechanism 1 drives the unlocking rod 41 to rotate, the limiting rings 4510 contact the end face of the guide seat 450, preventing the unlocking rod 41 from moving along the axial direction and eliminating the risk of unlocking failure caused by axial movement. The small axial floating gap can compensate for machining errors or thermal deformation and avoid structural jamming. In the automatic unlocking mode, the axial component force generated by the spiral guide groove 31 is canceled out by the rigid contact between the guide seat 450 and the limiting rings 4510, ensuring that the unlocking rod 41 only rotates, so that the locking block 43 rotates precisely to the angle at which it can disengage from the locking hole on the locking assembly 44, thereby disengaging from the locking assembly 44 and improving the reliability and service life of the device under complex working conditions.

[0051] For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 3 , Figure 6In this embodiment, the snap-fit ​​assembly 44 includes a snap-fit ​​seat 440 fixed to the bottom plate 22 of the drill bit. The snap-fit ​​seat 440 is provided with a snap-fit ​​hole 4400 that matches the snap-fit ​​block 43. After the snap-fit ​​block 43 passes through the snap-fit ​​hole 4400, it rotates 90° and snaps into the snap-fit ​​seat 440.

[0052] Specifically, when the locking assembly 44 is working, the locking block 43 moves axially with the unlocking rod 41 and inserts into the locking hole 4400. The rotational motion of the unlocking rod 41 then drives the locking block 43 to rotate 90°. At this time, the end face of the locking block 43 forms a surface contact with the inner wall of the locking seat 440 and locks it in place. When unlocking is required, the unlocking rod 41 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the locking block 43 to rotate back to its initial angle, so that the long side of the locking block 43 is realigned with the long side of the locking hole 4400. At this time, the drill bit bottom plate 22 rotates downwards under its own weight and the gravity of the drill cuttings to complete the unlocking. Through the orthogonal locking design, the contact area between the locking block 43 and the locking hole 4400 is significantly increased compared to the traditional hook structure, and the unlocking stroke only requires a quarter-circular motion to complete.

[0053] For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 3 , Figure 6 In this embodiment, the spiral guide groove 31 is a spiral cutting groove that starts from the bottom end and extends upward from the transmission connector 3. A reinforcing ring 32 is provided at its lower end, and the reinforcing ring 32 is detachably and fixedly connected to the transmission connector 3.

[0054] The spiral guide groove 31 can be formed by laser cutting and is used to slide and cooperate with the guide part 42 of the unlocking rod 41 to transmit rotational motion. The bottom end design of the spiral cut groove allows stress to be gradually released along the spiral trajectory, reducing the generation of stress concentration areas. The reinforcing ring 32 is set as an annular component surrounding the bottom outer circumference of the transmission connector 3. Specifically, it can be detachably fixed by threaded connection or snap-fit ​​structure, and is used to form a local reinforcement area at the end of the spiral cut groove. The detachable fixed connection method is configured to allow the reinforcing ring 32 to be disassembled and replaced separately, which is convenient for installation and subsequent maintenance.

[0055] Specifically, when the operating lever mechanism 1 is subjected to axial pressure, during the downward movement of the transmission connector 3, the sliding contact area between the spiral cutting groove and the guide part 42 slides upward from the bottom end, and the stress is evenly distributed along the spiral trajectory; the reinforcing ring 32 forms a support structure at the end of the spiral cutting groove, which limits the deformation amplitude of the groove opening when repeatedly subjected to force, avoids the expansion of cracks at the end of the groove due to stress concentration, and extends the overall service life of the transmission connector 3.

[0056] For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 6 In this embodiment, the elastic reset component 14 includes a helical spring 140 and a second axial limiting member 141. The second axial limiting member 141 is sleeved on the pressure rod 12, and the two ends of the helical spring 140 are respectively connected to the second axial limiting member 141 and the limiting seat 150.

[0057] The helical spring 140 is an energy storage element, and its axis is coaxial with that of the pressure rod 12. When compressed, the helical spring 140 undergoes linear elastic deformation, and after the pressure is released, it pushes the pressure rod 12 back to its original position through deformation recovery. The second axial limiting member 141 is a rigid positioning component installed on the pressure rod 12, which can be fixed at a preset position on the pressure rod 12 by a nut with internal threads.

[0058] The above technical solution ensures that the pressure rod 12 always moves along the predetermined axis during multiple compression and reset processes, thereby improving the reliability of the unlocking device.

[0059] For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 3 In this embodiment, the guide part 42 is a radial protrusion 420 fixed to the upper end of the unlocking rod 41. The radial protrusion 420 is embedded in the spiral guide groove 31 and slides along the spiral trajectory in the spiral guide groove 31.

[0060] The radial protrusion 420 refers to a rigid protrusion structure perpendicular to the axis of the unlocking rod 41. It can be fixed to the upper outer wall of the unlocking rod 41 by welding or integral molding, and is used to form an embedded sliding contact with the spiral guide groove 31. This structure avoids loosening of the fit due to wear of parts during the unlocking process.

[0061] Specifically, in automatic unlocking mode, when the pressure rod 12 moves downward under axial pressure, the inclined surface of the spiral guide groove 31 contacts the radial protrusion 420, converting the axial linear motion into the rotational motion of the unlocking rod 41. At this time, the radial protrusion 420 slides along the spiral trajectory, causing the locking block 43 to rotate and disengage from the locking seat 440. In manual rotation mode, when the limit pin 151 is removed, the pressure rod 12 directly drives the unlocking rod 41 to rotate synchronously through the transmission connector 3. The radial protrusion 420 slides circumferentially within the spiral guide groove 31, preventing transmission failure caused by axial displacement of the pressure rod 12.

[0062] This solution eliminates mechanical backlash during motion transmission by embedding the radial protrusion 420 with the helical guide groove 31. Simultaneously, it utilizes the continuous guiding characteristics of the helical trajectory to ensure a one-to-one correspondence between axial pressure and rotation angle. This achieves stable transmission of unlocking force in both manual and automatic modes, preventing jamming or derailment during unlocking.

[0063] This utility model also provides a sand dredging bucket, including any one of the above-mentioned manual / automatic sand dredging bucket unlocking devices. This sand dredging bucket incorporates all the technical solutions of the manual / automatic sand dredging bucket unlocking device and possesses at least all the advantages of the manual / automatic sand dredging bucket unlocking device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0064] The present invention has been further described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific description herein should not be construed as limiting the substance and scope of the present invention. Various modifications made by those skilled in the art to the above embodiments after reading this specification are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hand and power sand lifter unlocking device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a drilling rig, including: An operating lever mechanism vertically penetrates the top plate of the drilling rig, is axially movable and rotates around the axis, and the top end is provided with a manual control handle; A transmission connecting piece is fixed to the bottom end of the operating lever mechanism, and the circumferential outer wall is provided with a spiral guide groove; An unlocking execution mechanism includes an unlocking lever that is in sliding cooperation with the transmission connecting piece, the unlocking lever is provided with a guide part embedded in the spiral guide groove, and the bottom end of the unlocking lever is provided with a clamping block; A clamping assembly is fixed to the upper surface of the bottom plate of the drilling rig and is selectively clamped with the clamping block; When the operating lever mechanism is subjected to axial pressure, the transmission connecting piece moves downward, cooperates with the guide part through the spiral guide groove, forces the unlocking lever to rotate around the axis, and makes the clamping block rotate and disengage from the clamping assembly; when the manual control handle is manually rotated, the transmission connecting piece directly drives the unlocking lever to rotate synchronously, so that the clamping block rotates and disengages from the clamping assembly.

2. The unlocking device of claim 1, wherein: The operating lever mechanism includes a pressing rod, a first axial limiting part and an elastic reset assembly; the pressing rod vertically penetrates the top plate of the drilling rig, the first axial limiting part is fixed to the drilling rig connecting side above the top plate of the drilling rig, and the top end of the pressing rod is connected with the manual control handle after penetrating through the first axial limiting part; the elastic reset assembly is sleeved on the pressing rod and located between the first axial limiting part and the top plate of the drilling rig; when the pressing rod is subjected to axial pressure, the elastic reset assembly is compressed and linearly moves downward along the axial guiding path of the first axial limiting part, and after the pressure is removed, the elastic reset assembly pushes the pressing rod to reset.

3. The unlocking device of claim 2, wherein: The operating lever mechanism further includes a bidirectional constraint assembly, the bidirectional constraint assembly includes a limiting seat fixed to the top plate of the drilling rig and a pluggable limiting pin shaft; the limiting seat is provided with a through hole for the pressing rod to penetrate, and the side wall of the limiting seat is provided with a transverse pin shaft hole; the pressing rod is provided with a vertical waist-shaped groove extending along the axis, and the limiting pin shaft penetrates through the pin shaft hole and is in contact with the inner wall of the vertical waist-shaped groove.

4. The unlocking device of claim 1, wherein: The unlocking execution mechanism further includes an axial constraint assembly; the axial constraint assembly includes a guide seat fixed to the inner wall of the drilling rig cylinder and a limiting part provided on the unlocking lever; the guide seat cooperates with the limiting part to limit the axial displacement of the unlocking lever.

5. The unlocking device of claim 4, wherein: The limiting part is two limiting rings sleeved on the unlocking lever, the guide seat is slidably sleeved on the unlocking lever and located between the two limiting rings, and the distance between the limiting rings is greater than the thickness of the guide seat to allow the unlocking lever to slightly float axially.

6. The unlocking device of claim 1, wherein: The clamping assembly includes a clamping seat fixed to the bottom plate of the drilling rig, and the clamping seat is provided with a clamping hole matched with the clamping block; after the clamping block penetrates through the clamping hole, it is rotated by 90 degrees and clamped with the clamping seat.

7. The unlocking device of claim 1, wherein: The spiral guide groove is a spiral cutting groove starting from the bottom end of the transmission connecting piece and extending upward, and the lower end is provided with a reinforcing ring, and the reinforcing ring is detachably fixedly connected with the transmission connecting piece.

8. The unlocking device of claim 3, wherein: The elastic reset assembly includes a spiral spring and a second axial limiting part, the second axial limiting part is sleeved on the pressing rod, and the spiral spring is connected with the second axial limiting part and the limiting seat at both ends.

9. The unlocking device of claim 1, wherein: The guide part is a radial protrusion fixed to the upper end of the unlocking rod, the protrusion is embedded in the spiral guide groove and slides along the spiral track in the spiral guide groove.

10. A suction dredge, characterized by, The hand and automatic dual-purpose sand-dredging bucket unlocking device comprises a locking device and a hand and automatic dual-purpose sand-dredging bucket.

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