Energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of energy storage, and provides an energy storage device, an energy storage system and a charging network. The energy storage device comprises a box body, a battery device, a heat management component and a liquid cooling system. The box body is provided with a top wall, a bottom wall and side walls. And the battery device is arranged in the box body. And the heat management component is arranged in the box body and is used for adjusting the temperature of the battery device. The liquid cooling system and the heat management component are connected to form a circulation loop, so that the heat exchange medium circulates between the liquid cooling system and the heat management component. The liquid cooling system comprises a first heat exchange assembly, the first heat exchange assembly comprises a shell and a fan, the shell is installed on the outer side of the side wall, and the fan is embedded in the shell. Based on the structure, the space originally reserved for the first heat exchange assembly in the box body can be saved, more battery devices can be conveniently integrated in the box body, and the electric quantity and the energy density of the energy storage device can be improved. And the thermal management performance can be improved, the thermal management requirements of more battery devices can be met, the use reliability of the battery device can be improved, and the service life of the battery device can be prolonged.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410789453.0, filed on June 18, 2024, with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China, entitled "Energy Storage Device, Energy Storage System and Charging Network", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application belongs to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular relates to an energy storage device, an energy storage system and a charging network. Background Technology

[0004] Energy storage devices typically include a housing, and integrated battery units and a liquid cooling system within the housing. The liquid cooling system is used for thermal management of the battery units. In some cases, it is necessary to integrate more battery units into the housing to increase energy density. However, increasing the number of battery units increases the demands on thermal management and reduces the space originally reserved for the liquid cooling system within the housing, making the installation of the liquid cooling system a challenge. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides an energy storage device, an energy storage system, and a charging network, aiming to solve the problem of how to set up a liquid cooling system when integrating more battery devices into a housing to increase energy density.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, an energy storage device is provided, the energy storage device comprising:

[0008] The enclosure has a top wall and a bottom wall spaced apart along the direction of gravity, and a side wall connecting the top wall and the bottom wall;

[0009] The battery assembly is located inside the casing;

[0010] Thermal management components, located inside the casing, are used to regulate the temperature of the battery pack;

[0011] The liquid cooling system is connected to the thermal management component and forms a circulation loop, so that the heat exchange medium circulates between the liquid cooling system and the thermal management component. The liquid cooling system includes a first heat exchange component, which includes a housing and a fan. The housing is installed on the outer side of the side wall, and the fan is embedded in the housing.

[0012] In the energy storage device provided in this application embodiment, by using at least a portion of the liquid cooling system as the first heat exchange component and installing the first heat exchange component outside the side wall, on the one hand, the space originally reserved for the first heat exchange component inside the housing can be saved (i.e., space is freed up), thereby facilitating the integration of more battery devices inside the housing and increasing the energy capacity and energy density of the energy storage device. On the other hand, it is convenient for the liquid cooling system to directly dissipate heat to the outside of the housing through the first heat exchange component, which can improve the thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system. It is also convenient for the liquid cooling system to cooperate with thermal management components to meet the thermal management needs of more battery devices, which can help improve the reliability and service life of the various components of the energy storage device. Furthermore, the external first heat exchange component can form a modular structure to facilitate the assembly, maintenance, and replacement of the first heat exchange component. Moreover, since the first heat exchange component is installed on the outer periphery of the housing, in actual site conditions, the first heat exchange component can be placed within the existing installation distance between adjacent housings. That is, the existing installation distance between adjacent housings can be used to accommodate the external first heat exchange component without increasing the existing installation distance between adjacent housings or increasing the floor area of ​​the housing. Therefore, given a fixed number of storage units within a site, integrating more battery devices into these units can increase the energy storage capacity and energy density, thereby increasing the overall energy density of the site. Conversely, given a fixed number of battery devices (i.e., a fixed energy capacity), integrating more battery devices into the units reduces the number of energy storage devices required on the site, saving space and reducing construction costs.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid cooling system can form a loop with the thermal management components, and a direct cooling solution can be formed based on this loop. The liquid cooling system can also dissipate the heat of this loop to the outside of the casing via the fan of the first heat exchange component. Thus, the liquid cooling system can achieve rapid and reliable direct thermal management (i.e., direct cooling or direct heating) of the battery device, thereby improving thermal management performance and efficiency. Moreover, since the fan, as a component of the first heat exchange component, is installed on the outer side wall, it facilitates the generation of airflow directly towards the outside of the casing, reducing the risk of hot air remaining inside the casing and causing heat radiation to the components inside. This optimizes the fan's airflow and improves its heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance and thermal management performance of the first heat exchange component, and ultimately improving the thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system. Furthermore, due to optimized fan airflow and improved heat dissipation, the fan can achieve the same cooling effect at a lower speed compared to existing technologies. This reduces the required startup speed of the fan, thereby lowering fan noise and reducing the noise level of the energy storage device during operation, thus improving its performance and user experience. Additionally, since the liquid cooling system and thermal management components form only one loop, the number of components in the liquid cooling system can be effectively reduced, which helps to minimize the space required for the liquid cooling system.

[0014] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling system includes a pumping device and a first heat exchanger;

[0015] The pumping device, the first heat exchanger, and the thermal management component are connected in sequence, and the thermal management component is connected to the pumping device to form a coolant circulation loop.

[0016] The fan and the first heat exchanger are aligned along the fan's axial direction.

[0017] By adopting the above scheme, the liquid cooling system and thermal management components can form a direct cooling scheme through a coolant circulation loop and a fan. This allows for rapid and effective cooling of the battery device directly by the circulating coolant, and the fan directly removes the heat gained from the coolant by the first heat exchanger. Therefore, a simplified and optimized direct cooling scheme with a simplified and optimized structure can quickly and effectively cool the battery device, thereby improving the heat dissipation and thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system and thermal management components, and enhancing the reliability and lifespan of the battery device and energy storage device. Furthermore, the structure of the liquid cooling system can be significantly simplified, which helps to reduce the space occupied and cost of the liquid cooling system and is beneficial for increasing the energy density of the energy storage device.

[0018] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling system further includes an electric heating element disposed on the coolant circulation loop.

[0019] By adopting the above solution, an electric heating element can be configured in the coolant circulation loop, allowing the loop to operate in a cooling mode when the heating element is not activated, and in a heating mode when the heating element is activated. Based on this, when the battery device's temperature is below its optimal operating temperature, the coolant can be heated via the activated electric heating element in the cooling circulation loop's heating mode. This allows the coolant to flow through the thermal management components and provide heat to the battery device, thereby raising its temperature to the optimal operating temperature. This optimizes the thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system.

[0020] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling system includes a compressor, a second heat exchanger, and a throttling device;

[0021] The compressor, the second heat exchanger, the throttling device, and the thermal management component are connected in sequence, and the thermal management component is connected to the compressor to form a refrigerant circulation loop;

[0022] The fan and the second heat exchanger are aligned along the fan's axial direction.

[0023] By adopting the above scheme, the liquid cooling system and thermal management components can form a direct refrigerant cooling scheme through a refrigerant circulation loop and a fan. This allows for rapid and effective cooling of the battery device directly via the circulating refrigerant, and the fan directly removes the heat gained from the refrigerant by the second heat exchanger. Therefore, a simplified and optimized direct refrigerant cooling scheme and structure can rapidly and effectively cool the battery device, thereby improving the heat dissipation and thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system and thermal management components, and enhancing the reliability and lifespan of the battery device and energy storage device. Furthermore, the structure of the liquid cooling system can be significantly simplified, which helps to reduce the space occupied and cost of the liquid cooling system and improves the energy density of the energy storage device.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first heat exchange assembly includes a second heat exchanger disposed within the housing.

[0025] By adopting the above scheme, with a refrigerant circulation loop in place, the fan and the second heat exchanger can be located in the same space, both on the outer side of the sidewall, thus optimizing their layout. Based on this, firstly, the airflow generated by the fan can flow over a large area of ​​the second heat exchanger, facilitating direct heat exchange between them and optimizing the heat exchange airflow field, thereby improving the fan's heat dissipation effect and efficiency. Secondly, the larger usable space outside the casing allows for the selection of a larger second heat exchanger, thus optimizing its heat exchange performance. Thirdly, since the connection between the compressor and the second heat exchanger, and the connection between the throttling device and the second heat exchanger, does not require large openings, it is easier to implement dustproof and waterproof protection measures for the entire first heat exchange component, ensuring that the energy storage device meets dustproof and waterproof performance requirements. Furthermore, due to the optimized heat exchange airflow between the fan and the second heat exchanger, the operating frequency of the compressor can be reduced accordingly (i.e., the compressor does not need to work continuously and can rest intermittently), which helps to extend the service life of the compressor and reduce the power consumption of the energy storage device.

[0026] In some embodiments, the fan is located within the enclosure area of ​​the second heat exchanger.

[0027] By adopting the above scheme, when the first heat exchange component includes a fan and a second heat exchanger, by placing the fan in the enclosed area of ​​the second heat exchanger, the airflow generated by the fan flowing out of the box can form a "through wind" that passes through the second heat exchanger. This facilitates the airflow generated by the fan to pass through the second heat exchanger and carry away the heat of the second heat exchanger, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the fan on the second heat exchanger.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger includes a first collector, a plurality of first tubes, and a second collector, wherein the flow channels of the plurality of first tubes are connected in parallel between the flow channels of the first collector and the flow channels of the second collector.

[0029] By adopting the above scheme, the heat exchange medium flowing in the second heat exchanger can converge into one of the channels of the first and second collectors, then diverge into the channels of multiple first tubes, and finally converge into the other channel of the first and second collectors. Based on this, the structure of the second heat exchanger can be optimized, facilitating the flow of the heat exchange medium within it and increasing the heat exchange area between the second heat exchanger and the fan, thereby improving the heat exchange effect of the fan on the second heat exchanger.

[0030] In some embodiments, a portion of the first tube body forms a first tube group, and another portion of the first tube body forms a second tube group. The first tube group is connected between one end of the first current collector and one end of the second current collector, and the second tube group is connected between the other end of the first current collector and the other end of the second current collector.

[0031] By adopting the above scheme, and by dividing multiple first tube bodies into first tube groups and second tube groups, and by placing the first tube groups and second tube groups at intervals at both ends of the first collector, the second heat exchanger can form a near-quadrilateral annular shape. Based on this, regardless of whether the "flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the first tube body of the first tube group" is the same as the "flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the first tube body of the second tube group," the second heat exchanger can form a large heat exchange area based on the first collector, the first tube group, the second collector, and the second tube group. This optimizes the structure of the second heat exchanger, facilitates increasing the heat exchange area between the second heat exchanger and the fan, and helps optimize the heat exchange effect of the fan on the second heat exchanger.

[0032] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling system includes a second heat exchange component disposed within a housing. The second heat exchange component has a first interface and a second interface on the side facing the first heat exchange component, and a third interface and a fourth interface are disposed on the side of the housing facing the second heat exchange component. The first interface and the third interface are detachably connected via a first pipe, and the second interface and the fourth interface are detachably connected via a second pipe. The first interface, the second interface, the third interface, and the fourth interface are all disposed in the refrigerant circulation loop.

[0033] By adopting the above scheme, the portion of the liquid cooling system located outside the side wall forms a modular first heat exchange assembly, and the portion of the liquid cooling system located inside the housing forms a modular second heat exchange assembly. Furthermore, when the first pipe is disconnected between the first and third interfaces, and the second pipe is disconnected between the second and fourth interfaces, the first, second, third, and fourth interfaces can be automatically sealed to encapsulate the refrigerant in both parts of the refrigerant circulation loop (i.e., the part of the refrigerant circulation loop located in the first heat exchange assembly, and the part of the refrigerant circulation loop located in the second heat exchange assembly), thereby reducing the risk of refrigerant leakage and facilitating the separate transportation, maintenance, and replacement of the first and second heat exchange assemblies. Conversely, by connecting the first pipe between the first and third interfaces, the area of ​​the refrigerant circulation loop corresponding to the first and third interfaces can be connected; similarly, by connecting the second pipe between the second and fourth interfaces, the area of ​​the refrigerant circulation loop corresponding to the second and fourth interfaces can be connected. Based on this, it is easy to connect and interact between the first heat exchange component and the second heat exchange component, and it is easy to form a refrigerant circulation loop between the first heat exchange component and the second heat exchange component.

[0034] In some embodiments, at least one of the first interface, the second interface, the third interface, and the fourth interface is a quick-connect connector.

[0035] By adopting the above solution, the sealing performance of at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth interfaces can be improved when no pipeline is connected, and the connection convenience and reliability of at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth interfaces can be improved when a pipeline is connected.

[0036] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling system further includes an electric heating element disposed on the side of the second heat exchanger away from the fan, for providing heat to the refrigerant.

[0037] By adopting the above scheme, an electric heating element can be configured on one side of the second heat exchanger, allowing the refrigerant circulation loop to operate in a cooling mode when the electric heating element is not activated, and in a heating mode when the electric heating element is activated. Based on this, when the battery device's temperature is below its optimal operating temperature, the electric heating element can be activated to provide heat to the refrigerant flowing in the second heat exchanger, thereby enabling the refrigerant to provide heat to the battery device and raising its temperature to the optimal operating temperature. This improves the thermal management performance of the refrigerant circulation loop for the battery device, and enhances the reliability and lifespan of both the battery device and the energy storage device.

[0038] In some embodiments, the sidewall has a first opening, and the outer casing closes the first opening.

[0039] By adopting the above solution, the first opening facilitates the connection and interaction between the components inside the enclosure and the first heat exchange assembly, and also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the components inside the enclosure. Furthermore, the outer shell of the first heat exchange assembly can close the first opening to improve the protection performance of the components inside the enclosure, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the components inside the enclosure.

[0040] In some embodiments, the housing includes a back frame and a frame mounted on the back frame, with a fan disposed within the frame, and the back frame being detachably mounted to a side wall.

[0041] By adopting the above solution, the outer casing, through a back frame and frame with certain structural strength and rigidity, can accommodate the fan and provide reliable dust and water protection, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the first heat exchange component. Furthermore, the outer casing, through the back frame with certain structural strength and rigidity, can be detachably connected to the side wall, allowing for convenient, quick, and reliable installation of the first heat exchange component onto the outside of the side wall, thus improving the installation reliability between the first heat exchange component and the side wall. Moreover, when the back frame is installed on the side wall, it can essentially close the first opening, thereby improving the protection of components inside the casing. Furthermore, when the back frame is detached from the side wall, it facilitates the assembly, transportation, storage, and maintenance of the first heat exchange component as a modular structure. It also facilitates the assembly, maintenance, and even replacement of components inside the casing through the first opening, and facilitates the connection and disconnection operations between components inside the casing and the first heat exchange component through the first opening.

[0042] In some embodiments, the back frame is movable relative to the sidewall to open or close the first opening.

[0043] By adopting the above solution, the back frame can be movably connected to the housing, enabling a convenient, quick, and reliable connection between the back frame and the side wall. Furthermore, based on this movable connection, the back frame can open the first opening relative to the side wall, facilitating the connection and interaction between the components inside the housing and the first heat exchange assembly, and simplifying the maintenance and replacement of the components. The back frame can also close the first opening relative to the side wall, thereby improving the protection of the components inside the housing and enhancing their reliability and service life.

[0044] In some embodiments, the back frame is hinged to the side wall.

[0045] By adopting the above solution, the back frame can be hinged to the enclosure, enabling a convenient, quick, and reliable connection between the back frame and the enclosure. Furthermore, based on the hinge, the back frame can rotate relative to the side wall to open the first opening, facilitating the connection and interaction between the components inside the enclosure and the first heat exchange component on the back frame, and simplifying the maintenance and replacement of the components inside the enclosure. The back frame can rotate relative to the side wall to adjust the fan's orientation, allowing for flexible adjustment of where the fan blows hot air, thereby reducing the risk of the fan blowing towards obstacles (such as walls) and affecting the fan's airflow, thus optimizing the fan's airflow and heat dissipation effect. The back frame can rotate relative to the side wall to close the first opening, thereby improving the protection of the components inside the enclosure and increasing their reliability and service life.

[0046] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an angle constraint component connected between the back frame and the side wall to constrain the included angle between the back frame and the side wall.

[0047] By adopting the above solution, in some situations, the angle constraint component can constrain the variable range of the angle between the back frame and the side wall, thereby constraining the rotation range of the back frame relative to the side wall, i.e., constraining the opening degree of the back frame relative to the side wall. In other situations, the angle constraint component can constrain the angle between the back frame and the side wall to a preset angle, thereby stabilizing the opening angle of the back frame relative to the side wall. This improves the ease of operation and stability of rotating the back frame relative to the side wall, and reduces the risk of component damage or even personal injury caused by excessive rotation or accidental closure of the back frame.

[0048] In some embodiments, a first bracket is provided on the side of the sidewall facing the back frame, and the first bracket has a first hole; a second bracket is provided on the side of the back frame facing the sidewall, and the second bracket has a sliding groove that extends along the width direction of the back frame.

[0049] The angle constraint component includes a connector, a slider, and a linkage structure. The connector is installed in the first hole, and the slider is slidably installed in the groove. One end of the linkage structure is sleeved on the connector, and the other end of the linkage structure is sleeved on the slider.

[0050] By adopting the above scheme, during the rotation of the back frame relative to the side wall, the linkage structure of the angle constraint component will adaptively rotate around the connector, and the end of the linkage structure connected to the sliding member will reciprocate along the slide groove synchronously with the sliding member. Based on this, the angle constraint component can constrain the rotation range of the linkage structure through the sliding range of the sliding member in the slide groove, thereby constraining the rotation range of the back frame relative to the side wall, constraining the variable range of the angle between the back frame and the side wall, and constraining the degree to which the back frame can open relative to the side wall. This improves the ease of operation and stability of rotating the back frame relative to the side wall, reduces the risk of component damage due to excessive rotation of the back frame, reduces wear and collision between the back frame and the side wall, and improves the performance and service life of the energy storage device. Furthermore, it facilitates adjusting the fan orientation within a preset range, thereby optimizing the fan's airflow and heat dissipation effect.

[0051] In some embodiments, a first bracket is provided on the side of the sidewall facing the back frame, and the first bracket has a second hole; a second bracket is provided on the side of the back frame facing the sidewall, and the second bracket has a third hole.

[0052] The angle constraint component includes a support leg; one end of the support leg is inserted into the second hole, and the other end of the support leg is inserted into the third hole.

[0053] By adopting the above scheme, the angle constraint component can insert one end of the support leg into the second hole and the other end into the third hole, so that the support leg abuts between the first and second supports, and thus abuts between the side wall and the back frame. Based on this, the angle constraint component, through the support leg abutting between the side wall and the back frame, can stabilize the angle between the back frame and the side wall at a preset angle, thereby stabilizing the opening angle of the back frame relative to the side wall. This improves the ease and stability of rotating the back frame relative to the side wall, reduces the risk of component damage or even personal injury due to accidental closure of the back frame, facilitates connection and interaction between components inside the side wall and components on the back frame when the back frame is stably open, facilitates maintenance and replacement of components inside the side wall when the back frame is stably open, and facilitates stabilizing the fan orientation to optimize the fan's airflow and heat dissipation effect. Furthermore, the support leg is detachable from the second hole and also detachable from the third hole. Therefore, it is convenient to rotate the back frame relative to the side wall even when the support leg is detached from the first and second supports. It also makes it easy to replace the legs of different lengths so that the angle between the back frame and the side wall can be stabilized at any required angle.

[0054] In some embodiments, the sidewall has a first edge and a second edge opposite to each other along a first direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the direction of gravity, a first opening adjacent to the first edge and away from the second edge, and a back frame hinged to the side of the first opening near the first edge.

[0055] By adopting the above solution, the back frame can be opened relative to the side wall from the side closest to the first edge, which makes it easier to install other maintenance doors or other components on the side of the first opening closest to the second edge, and reduces the risk of interference between the rotation of the back frame and the maintenance door or other components on the side of the first opening closest to the second edge.

[0056] In some embodiments, the housing further includes an encapsulation plate mounted on the side of the frame opposite to the back frame; a fan is embedded in the encapsulation plate, and at least one of the back frame and the frame has an air inlet.

[0057] By adopting the above solution, the outer shell, through the encapsulation plate, back frame, and frame, forms a fully protective and structurally reliable housing to accommodate some components of the first heat exchange assembly, achieving reliable dustproof and waterproof protection for these components. This improves the reliability and service life of the first heat exchange assembly. Furthermore, by embedding the fan in the encapsulation plate, with the fan's installation position being the air outlet, the fan can generate airflow from the air inlet to the air outlet during startup, thereby optimizing the fan's heat dissipation airflow.

[0058] In some embodiments, at least one of the back frame and the frame body is provided with a lifting ring.

[0059] By adopting the above scheme, a lifting ring can be set on at least one of the back frame and the frame body to facilitate convenient, quick and reliable hoisting and transportation of the first heat exchange component as a whole via the lifting ring.

[0060] In some embodiments, the container is a 20-foot standard shipping container.

[0061] By adopting the above solution, the energy density and thermal management performance of the energy storage device can be balanced even when the container size is limited.

[0062] In some embodiments, the housing includes a battery compartment, an electrical compartment, and a liquid cooling compartment, with the electrical compartment and the liquid cooling compartment located on the same side of the battery compartment. The battery device and thermal management components are located inside the battery compartment. The electrical compartment is used to house the power distribution module or control module of the energy storage device. The liquid cooling system includes a second heat exchange component located inside the liquid cooling compartment, and a first heat exchange component located outside the liquid cooling compartment.

[0063] By adopting the above scheme, the enclosure can be divided into a battery compartment for housing the battery device and thermal management components, a liquid cooling compartment for housing the second heat exchange component, and an electrical compartment for housing the power distribution module or control module of the energy storage device. By neatly arranging the electrical compartment and liquid cooling compartment on the same side of the battery compartment, the internal layout of the enclosure is optimized. Based on this, it is convenient to establish the necessary electrical connections between the modules (power distribution module or control module) in the electrical compartment and the adjacent battery device and other components. Furthermore, since the first heat exchange component is located outside the liquid cooling compartment, it is convenient for the second heat exchange component in the liquid cooling compartment to connect and interact with the adjacent thermal management components, and also facilitates the connection and interaction between the second heat exchange component in the liquid cooling compartment and the adjacent first heat exchange component, forming a loop. Therefore, the layout of the battery device, thermal management components, power distribution module or control module, and second heat exchange component inside the enclosure can be optimized, the layout of the second heat exchange component outside the enclosure can be optimized, the structure of the energy storage device can be optimized, and the connection and interaction of the various components of the energy storage device can be facilitated.

[0064] Secondly, an energy storage system is provided, which includes the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application. The energy storage device is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple energy storage devices are arranged in a matrix.

[0065] In at least one set of two energy storage devices arranged side by side, the two energy storage devices are provided with a first heat exchange component on the side opposite to each other.

[0066] By adopting the above-described scheme, the energy storage system can improve energy density while taking into account thermal management performance and space utilization by applying the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0067] Thirdly, a charging network is provided, which includes charging piles and an energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application. The charging piles are electrically connected to the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is used to provide power to the charging piles.

[0068] By adopting the above solution, the charging network can effectively improve its reliability by applying the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application, and also help to improve the flexibility of the charging network during deployment. Attached Figure Description

[0069] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0070] Figure 1 A perspective view of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0071] Figure 2 The diagram below shows the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application, wherein the energy storage device is provided with a coolant circulation loop;

[0072] Figure 3 The diagram below shows the structure of an energy storage device provided in some other embodiments of this application, wherein the energy storage device is provided with a refrigerant circulation loop;

[0073] Figure 4 An exploded view of a first heat exchange component provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0074] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of the first heat exchange component is provided;

[0075] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of area A is provided.

[0076] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A magnified view of region B is provided.

[0077] Figure 8 Side view of an energy storage device provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0078] Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0079] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of region C is provided.

[0080] Figure 11 An exploded view of the first support, the second support, and the angle constraint assembly provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0081] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the battery compartment, electrical compartment, liquid cooling compartment, and first heat exchange component provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0082] Figure 13 This application provides schematic diagrams of the structure of an energy storage system according to some embodiments.

[0083] Figure 14 This application provides schematic diagrams showing the arrangement of two energy storage devices in some embodiments.

[0084] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of four energy storage devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0085] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0086] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0087] 10-Box body, 11-Top wall, 12-Bottom wall, 13-Side wall, 131-First opening, 132-First bracket, 1321-First hole, 1322-Second hole, 133-First edge, 134-Second edge, 14-Battery compartment, 15-Electrical compartment, 16-Liquid cooling compartment; 20-Battery unit; 30-Thermal management component; 40-Liquid cooling system, 41-First heat exchange assembly, 411-Fan, L-Axis of fan, 412-Second heat exchanger, 4121-First current collector, 4122-First tube, 4123-Second current collector, 4124-First tube assembly, 4125-Second tube assembly; 413-Outer shell, a-Width direction of back frame, 4131-Second bracket, 41311-Slide groove, 41312-Third hole, 4132-Back frame, 4133-Frame, 4133 1-Air inlet, 4134-Encapsulation plate, 4135-Lifting ring; 414-Third interface, 415-Fourth interface; 416-First support frame, 417-Second support frame; 42-Second heat exchange component, 421-Pumping device, 422-First heat exchanger, 423-Compressor, 424-Throttling device, 425-First interface, 426-Second interface; 43-Electric heating element, 44-First pipeline, 45-Second pipeline; 50-Hinge; 60-Angle constraint component, 61-Connector, 62-Sliding component, 63-Linkage structure, 64-Feet; 40a-Coolant circulation loop, 40b-Refrigerant circulation loop, 40c-Heating mode of refrigerant circulation loop; x-First direction, 1-Energy storage device, 2-Power generation device, 3-Power conversion device, 4-Charging pile, 401-Connector. Detailed Implementation

[0088] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clear, the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions. Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0089] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0090] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0091] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0092] Energy storage devices are devices for storing and transferring electrical energy. They typically include a housing, a battery pack integrated within the housing, and a liquid cooling system. The liquid cooling system manages the thermal performance of the battery pack, ensuring it remains within a suitable temperature range. This maintains the battery pack's charge / discharge capacity and reliability, and reduces the risk of thermal runaway.

[0093] In some cases, it is necessary to integrate more battery devices into the enclosure to increase energy density. However, increasing the number of battery devices increases thermal management requirements and reduces the space originally reserved for the liquid cooling system, making the installation of the liquid cooling system a challenge. In other words, how to design the liquid cooling system when integrating more battery devices into the enclosure to increase energy density becomes a pressing issue.

[0094] Therefore, some embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device that uses at least a portion of a liquid cooling system as a first heat exchange component and installs the first heat exchange component outside the side wall. On the one hand, this saves space originally reserved for the first heat exchange component inside the housing (i.e., frees up space), making it easier to integrate more battery devices inside the housing and increasing the energy capacity and energy density of the energy storage device. On the other hand, it facilitates the liquid cooling system to directly dissipate heat to the outside of the housing via the first heat exchange component, improving the thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system. This allows the liquid cooling system to work with thermal management components to meet the thermal management needs of more battery devices, thereby improving the reliability and lifespan of the various components of the energy storage device. Furthermore, the externally mounted first heat exchange component can form a modular structure, facilitating its assembly, maintenance, and replacement.

[0095] The energy storage device disclosed in this application can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems, etc. The energy storage device disclosed in this application can store electrical energy as needed and output electrical energy when appropriate. For example, the energy storage device can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application can be any power system that requires the use of an energy storage device.

[0096] To illustrate the technical solutions provided in this application, a detailed description is provided below in conjunction with specific accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0097] This application provides an energy storage device including one or more battery clusters to improve the voltage and capacity of the energy storage device. In the case where the energy storage device includes multiple battery clusters, the multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel to increase the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0098] A battery cluster may include multiple battery apparatuses connected in series via busbars to increase the voltage of the energy storage device. A battery apparatus may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via busbars.

[0099] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells. As an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells together to form a single module. As an example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0100] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more battery cell assemblies housed within the housing. As an example, the battery cell assembly may be a battery module, which can be housed within the housing by securing the battery module to the housing. Alternatively, the battery cell assembly may be housed within the housing by directly securing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0101] In this embodiment, the battery cell can be a rechargeable battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion rechargeable battery cell, a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-lithium-ion battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, or a magnesium-ion battery cell, etc. The battery cell can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc. The battery cell can be packaged in different ways to form cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, or pouch battery cells, etc.

[0102] In some embodiments, the energy storage device is an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0103] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include a housing (or cabinet) in which battery clusters are housed.

[0104] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include modules such as a thermal management module, a main control module, a central control module, a power distribution module, and a fire protection module.

[0105] As an example, the thermal management module may include a liquid cooling system (also known as a liquid cooling unit) that provides a heat exchange medium for regulating the temperature of individual battery cells to each battery unit via piping.

[0106] As an example, the main control module can serve as the battery management unit for the battery cluster, used to monitor and manage the battery cluster. The main control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, or temperature of the battery cluster. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the battery cluster. The main control module includes modules such as an auxiliary battery management unit (SBMU) and a fusion switch.

[0107] As an example, the central control module can serve as the battery management unit for an energy storage device, used to monitor and manage the device. The central control module can monitor information such as the energy storage device's current, voltage, power, state of charge, or temperature. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the energy storage device. As an example, the central control module includes modules such as an insulation monitoring module (IMM), a master battery management unit (MBMU), an Ethernet (ETH) module, and a fiber optic conversion module.

[0108] As an example, the fire protection module includes a control panel, detectors, alarm devices, etc., used to detect, alarm, or extinguish fires in the energy storage system.

[0109] As an example, a power distribution module can be used to distribute power to modules in an energy storage device that require electricity.

[0110] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 Some embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device 1, which includes a housing 10, a battery device 20, a thermal management component 30, and a liquid cooling system 40. The housing 10 has a top wall 11 and a bottom wall 12 spaced apart along the direction of gravity, and a side wall 13 connecting the top wall 11 and the bottom wall 12. The battery device 20 is disposed within the housing 10. The thermal management component 30 is disposed within the housing 10 and is used to regulate the temperature of the battery device 20. The liquid cooling system 40 is connected to the thermal management component 30 and forms a circulation loop, such that a heat exchange medium circulates between the liquid cooling system 40 and the thermal management component 30. The liquid cooling system 40 includes a first heat exchange assembly 41, which includes a housing 413 and a fan 411. The housing 413 is mounted on the outside of the side wall 13, and the fan 411 is embedded in the housing 413.

[0111] It should be noted that the enclosure 10 can also be called a container, battery box, etc. The enclosure 10 is used to provide housing space for components such as the battery device 20 and thermal management components 30. The enclosure 10 can protect the battery device 20, thermal management components 30, etc. housed within it from dust and water, and can reduce the impact of external liquids or other foreign objects on the effectiveness and performance of the battery device 20, thermal management components 30, etc., and can effectively extend the service life of the energy storage device 1.

[0112] The enclosure 10 can adopt various structures. The enclosure 10 can be in various shapes, such as cuboids or cylinders. The enclosure 10 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or plastic.

[0113] The housing 10 has a top wall 11, a bottom wall 12, and a side wall 13. The top wall 11 and the bottom wall 12 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart along the direction of gravity. The bottom wall 12 is used to support components such as the battery device 20 and the thermal management component 30 housed within the housing 10. The side wall 13 connects the top wall 11 and the bottom wall 12, and the side wall 13 refers to the wall portion used for mounting the first heat exchange assembly 41.

[0114] It should also be noted that the battery device 20 is an energy storage unit capable of converting chemical energy into electrical energy. One or at least two battery devices 20 can be installed inside the housing 10. When at least two battery devices 20 are installed, the multiple battery devices 20 are connected in series via a busbar to increase the voltage of the energy storage device 1. Furthermore, some related descriptions of the battery device 20 can be found above and will not be repeated here.

[0115] It should also be noted that the thermal management component 30 is used to heat or cool the battery device 20 to regulate its temperature. The thermal management component 30 ensures that the battery device 20 is within a suitable temperature range, which promotes better charge and discharge capabilities and higher reliability, and reduces the risk of thermal runaway.

[0116] The thermal management component 30 has flow channels through which a heat exchange medium can flow. The thermal management component 30 primarily regulates the temperature of the battery device 20 by exchanging heat with the battery device 20 via the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium can be, but is not limited to, a coolant or refrigerant. The coolant can be, but is not limited to, a mixture of ethylene glycol and water. The refrigerant has a low boiling point and heat of vaporization, allowing it to evaporate and condense at relatively low temperatures. It achieves a cooling effect by absorbing and releasing heat. The refrigerant can be, but is not limited to, Freon, ammonia, carbon dioxide, R134A (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane), R410A (Freon R-410A refrigerant), etc.

[0117] In some embodiments, the thermal management component 30 may be correspondingly disposed and in contact with the battery device 20.

[0118] In some embodiments, the thermal management component 30 may be integrated with the battery device 20 as part of a battery pack, that is, the thermal management component 30 and the corresponding battery device 20 may be housed in the housing 10 in the form of a battery pack.

[0119] The thermal management component 30 can adopt various structures, including but not limited to liquid cooling plates, tubular thermal management components, harmonica tube thermal management components, etc.

[0120] It should also be noted that the liquid cooling system 40 is a functional module connected to all thermal management components 30. The liquid cooling system 40 has multiple components. At least a portion of the liquid cooling system 40, that is, part or all of the liquid cooling system 40, i.e., some or all of the components of the liquid cooling system 40, is installed on the outside of the side wall 13. The portion of the liquid cooling system 40 located on the outside of the side wall 13 is the first heat exchange assembly 41. The first heat exchange assembly 41 includes a housing 413 and a fan 411. The fan 411 is embedded in the wall of the housing 413, so that the first heat exchange assembly 41 can form a modular assembly, which facilitates the processing, assembly, storage, and transportation of the first heat exchange assembly 41. The housing 413 is installed on the outside of the side wall 13 to ensure that the first heat exchange assembly 41 is stably installed in a position and state relative to the side wall 13. The housing 413 can be installed by a fixed method such as bonding or welding, or by a detachable installation method such as bolt connection. The material of the housing 413 can be flexibly set, for example, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0121] It should also be noted that the liquid cooling system 40 can form a circulation loop with the thermal management component 30, causing the heat exchange medium to circulate between the liquid cooling system 40 and the thermal management component 30 along this loop. During the circulation of the heat exchange medium within the liquid cooling system 40, the liquid cooling system 40 can heat or cool the heat exchange medium flowing within it, thereby directly cooling or heating the thermal management component 30. For example, when the heat exchange medium is a coolant, the liquid cooling system 40 can form a coolant circulation loop with the thermal management component 30, and a direct coolant cooling scheme can be formed based on the coolant circulation loop. For example, when the heat exchange medium is a refrigerant, the liquid cooling system 40 can form a refrigerant circulation loop with the thermal management component 30, and a direct refrigerant cooling scheme can be formed based on the refrigerant circulation loop.

[0122] Furthermore, since the fan 411 is embedded in the housing 413, when the fan 411 is activated, it can generate airflow along the axial direction L of the fan 411, passing through the blades of the fan 411 and flowing from inside the housing 413 to outside the housing 413. Based on this, the liquid cooling system 40 can dissipate heat from the circulation loop to the outside of the housing 10 via the airflow generated by the fan 411. At least one fan 411 is provided. Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, there are two fans 411.

[0123] In summary, in the energy storage device 1 provided in this application embodiment, by using at least a portion of the liquid cooling system 40 as the first heat exchange component 41 and installing the first heat exchange component 41 outside the side wall 13, on the one hand, the space originally reserved for the first heat exchange component 41 inside the housing 10 can be saved (i.e., space is freed up), thereby facilitating the integration of more battery devices 20 inside the housing 10 and increasing the capacity and energy density of the energy storage device 1. On the other hand, it is convenient for the liquid cooling system 40 to directly dissipate heat to the outside of the housing 10 via the first heat exchange component 41, which can improve the thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system 40. It is also convenient for the liquid cooling system 40 to cooperate with the thermal management component 30 to meet the thermal management needs of more battery devices 20, which can help improve the reliability and service life of the various components of the energy storage device 1. Furthermore, the external first heat exchange component 41 can form a modular structure to facilitate the assembly, maintenance, and replacement of the first heat exchange component 41.

[0124] Furthermore, since the first heat exchange component 41 is installed on the outer periphery of the housing 10, in actual site conditions, the first heat exchange component 41 can be placed within the existing installation distance between adjacent housings 10. That is, the existing installation distance between adjacent housings 10 can be used to accommodate the externally mounted first heat exchange component 41 without increasing the existing installation distance between adjacent housings 10 or increasing the floor space of the housing 10. Based on this, when the number of housings 10 installed in the site is fixed, more battery devices 20 can be integrated into the housings 10 to increase the power and energy density of the energy storage device 1, thereby increasing the energy density of the site. Conversely, when the number of battery devices 20 installed in the site is fixed (i.e., the power is fixed), since more battery devices 20 can be integrated into the housings 10, the number of energy storage devices 1 required in the site can be reduced, saving site area and reducing site construction costs.

[0125] Furthermore, the liquid cooling system 40 can form a loop with the thermal management component 30, and a direct cooling scheme can be formed based on this loop. The liquid cooling system 40 can also dissipate the heat of the loop to the outside of the housing 10 via the fan 411 of the first heat exchange component 41. Thus, the liquid cooling system 40 can achieve fast and reliable direct thermal management (i.e., direct cooling or direct heating) of the battery device 20, thereby improving thermal management performance and efficiency. Moreover, since the fan 411 is installed on the outside of the side wall 13 as a component of the first heat exchange component 41, it is convenient for the fan 411 to generate airflow directly to the outside of the housing 10, which can reduce the risk of hot air remaining inside the housing 10 and causing heat radiation to the components inside the housing 10. This can optimize the airflow of the fan 411 and improve the heat dissipation effect of the fan 411, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance and thermal management performance of the first heat exchange component 41, and improving the thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system 40. Furthermore, due to the optimized airflow and improved heat dissipation of fan 411, compared to existing technologies, fan 411 can achieve the same heat dissipation effect at a lower speed. This reduces the starting speed required for fan 411, thereby reducing the noise generated by fan 411 and the noise level of energy storage device 1 during operation, thus improving the performance and user experience of energy storage device 1. Moreover, since the liquid cooling system 40 and thermal management component 30 form only one loop, the number of components in the liquid cooling system 40 can be effectively reduced, which helps to compress the space required for the liquid cooling system 40.

[0126] In addition, in some embodiments, the fan 411 can be used in conjunction with a spray mechanism (not shown in the figure). That is, a spray mechanism can be installed around the fan 411 to spray liquid onto the fan 411 via the spray mechanism, thereby quickly cooling the fan 411 and causing the fan 411 to generate a cooler airflow, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation effect of the fan 411 and the spray mechanism.

[0127] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 In some embodiments of this application, the liquid cooling system 40 includes a pumping device 421 and a first heat exchanger 422. The pumping device 421, the first heat exchanger 422, and the thermal management component 30 are connected in sequence, and the thermal management component 30 is connected to the pumping device 421 to form a coolant circulation loop 40a. The fan 411 and the first heat exchanger 422 are aligned along the axial direction L of the fan 411.

[0128] It should be noted that the pumping device 421 (also known as a water pump) is a component used to transport coolant. The first heat exchanger 422 is a component used to exchange heat with the coolant flowing through it. The first heat exchanger 422 can be, but is not limited to, a plate heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, an air cooler, a spiral plate heat exchanger, a heat exchange tube bundle, etc.

[0129] The pumping device 421, the first heat exchanger 422, and the thermal management component 30 are connected in sequence, with the thermal management component 30 then reconnected to the pumping device 421. Specifically, the outlet of the pumping device 421 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger 422, the outlet of the first heat exchanger 422 is connected to the inlet of the thermal management component 30, and the outlet of the thermal management component 30 is connected to the inlet of the pumping device 421. The pumping device 421, the first heat exchanger 422, the thermal management component 30, and their connecting loops together form a coolant circulation loop 40a, through which coolant circulates. In other words, under the pumping action of the pumping device 421, the coolant circulates in the coolant circulation loop 40a, flowing through the pumping device 421, the first heat exchanger 422, the thermal management component 30, and the pumping device 421 again. These connections can be direct or indirect, via pipelines.

[0130] With the fan 411 mounted on the outer side of the side wall 13, the fan 411 and the first heat exchanger 422 can be aligned (i.e., arranged relative to each other) along the axial direction L of the fan 411. In particular, the first heat exchanger 422 can be located on the side of the fan 411 closer to the side wall 13, so that the fan 411 can generate airflow from the first heat exchanger 422 to the outside of the housing 10, thereby dissipating the heat of the first heat exchanger 422 to the outside of the housing 10. That is, the fan 411 can be used to dissipate heat from the first heat exchanger 422. The first heat exchanger 422 can be located inside or outside the side wall 13.

[0131] Based on this, the liquid cooling system 40 can form a direct cooling scheme combining the coolant circulation loop 40a and the fan 411 with the thermal management component 30. Specifically, in the coolant circulation loop 40a, the coolant circulates through the thermal management component 30 and directly exchanges heat with the battery device 20, thus cooling the battery device 20. After exchanging heat with the battery device 20, the coolant also circulates through the first heat exchanger 422 and exchanges heat with it, transferring the heat from the battery device 20 to the first heat exchanger 422, thus lowering the coolant temperature. The fan 411 can be activated to dissipate the heat from the first heat exchanger 422 to the outside of the housing 10. This cycle, through the combination of the coolant circulation loop 40a and the fan 411, allows for rapid and effective cooling of the battery device 20.

[0132] By adopting the above scheme, the liquid cooling system 40 and the thermal management component 30 can form a direct cooling scheme via the coolant circulation loop 40a and the fan 411. This allows for rapid and effective cooling of the battery device 20 directly through the circulating coolant, and the fan 411 directly removes the heat gained from the coolant by the first heat exchanger 422. Therefore, a simplified and optimized direct cooling scheme and structure enable rapid and effective cooling of the battery device 20, thereby improving the heat dissipation and thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system 40 and the thermal management component 30, and enhancing the reliability and lifespan of both the battery device 20 and the energy storage device 1. Furthermore, the structure of the liquid cooling system 40 can be significantly simplified, reducing its footprint and cost, and improving the energy density of the energy storage device 1.

[0133] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 In some embodiments of this application, the liquid cooling system 40 further includes an electric heating element 43, which is disposed on the coolant circulation loop 40a.

[0134] It should be noted that the electric heating element 43 is a component used to electrically heat the heat exchange medium (coolant in this embodiment). The electric heating element 43 may be, but is not limited to, a heating wire (such as nickel-chromium wire, iron-chromium-aluminum wire, etc.), a PTC heating element (Positive Temperature Coefficient Thermistor), etc.

[0135] The electric heating element 43 is installed on the coolant circulation loop 40a. For example... Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the electric heating element 43 is connected in series between the outlet of the pumping device 421 and the inlet of the first heat exchanger 422. Of course, in other embodiments, the electric heating element 43 can be connected in series at any position in the coolant circulation loop 40a, or the electric heating element 43 can be connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger 422.

[0136] By adopting the above solution, an electric heating element 43 can be configured on the coolant circulation loop 40a, allowing the coolant circulation loop 40a to have a cooling mode when the electric heating element 43 is not activated, and a heating mode when the electric heating element 43 is activated. Based on this, when the temperature of the battery device 20 is lower than its suitable operating temperature, the coolant can be heated via the heating mode of the coolant circulation loop 40a, i.e., via the activated electric heating element 43. This allows the coolant to flow through the thermal management component 30 and provide heat to the battery device 20, thereby heating the battery device 20 and raising its temperature to a suitable operating temperature. This optimizes the thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system 40.

[0137] Of course, in other embodiments, the electric heating element 43 may be disposed on one side (near) of the first heat exchanger 422, so that the electric heating element 43 can provide heat to the coolant flowing in the first heat exchanger 422 when it is started.

[0138] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the liquid cooling system 40 includes a compressor 423, a second heat exchanger 412, and a throttling device 424. The compressor 423, the second heat exchanger 412, the throttling device 424, and the thermal management component 30 are connected in sequence, and the thermal management component 30 is connected to the compressor 423 to form a refrigerant circulation loop 40b. The fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412 are aligned along the axial direction L of the fan 411.

[0139] It should be noted that the compressor 423 is a component that provides power for the refrigerant circulation and can cool the refrigerant. The throttling device 424 is a component used for cooling and pressure reduction; the throttling device 424 can be, but is not limited to, a throttling valve, an expansion valve, etc. The second heat exchanger 412 is a component used for heat exchange with the refrigerant flowing through it. The second heat exchanger 412 can be, but is not limited to, a plate heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, an air cooler, a spiral plate heat exchanger, a heat exchange tube bundle, etc.

[0140] The compressor 423, the second heat exchanger 412, the throttling device 424, and the thermal management component 30 are connected in sequence, with the thermal management component 30 then reconnected to the compressor 423. Specifically, the outlet of the compressor 423 is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchanger 412, the outlet of the second heat exchanger 412 is connected to the inlet of the throttling device 424, the outlet of the throttling device 424 is connected to the inlet of the thermal management component 30, and the outlet of the thermal management component 30 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 423. These connections can be direct or indirect via piping.

[0141] The compressor 423, the second heat exchanger 412, the throttling device 424, the thermal management component 30, and their interconnecting circuits together form a refrigerant circulation loop 40b, through which refrigerant circulates. In refrigerant circulation loop 40b (cooling mode), under the power of the compressor 423, the refrigerant circulates within the refrigerant circulation loop 40b, flowing through the compressor 423, the second heat exchanger 412, the throttling device 424, the thermal management component 30, and the compressor 423.

[0142] It should also be noted that the fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412 can be aligned (i.e., relative to each other) along the axial direction L of the fan 411 so that the fan 411 can generate airflow that flows through the second heat exchanger 412 and out of the housing 10, so as to dissipate the heat of the second heat exchanger 412 to the outside of the housing 10.

[0143] Based on the above configuration, the liquid cooling system 40 and the thermal management component 30 can form a direct refrigerant cooling scheme that combines the refrigerant circulation loop 40b with the fan 411.

[0144] In refrigerant circulation loop 40b (cooling mode), powered by compressor 423, the refrigerant circulates through thermal management component 30 and directly exchanges heat with battery device 20, thus cooling battery device 20. After heat exchange with battery device 20, the refrigerant circulates through second heat exchanger 412 and exchanges heat with it, transferring the heat from battery device 20 to second heat exchanger 412, resulting in initial cooling of the refrigerant. After heat exchange with second heat exchanger 412, the refrigerant circulates along refrigerant circulation loop 40b through throttling device 424, allowing throttling device 424 to cool and depressurize the refrigerant. The refrigerant cooled and depressurized by throttling device 424 can then circulate again near battery device 20.

[0145] For the heat obtained by the second heat exchanger 412 from the refrigerant, the fan 411 can be started to generate an airflow that flows through the second heat exchanger 412 and out of the housing 10, thereby dissipating the heat of the second heat exchanger 412 to the outside of the housing 10.

[0146] By adopting the above scheme, the liquid cooling system 40 and the thermal management component 30 can form a direct refrigerant cooling scheme through the refrigerant circulation loop 40b and the fan 411. This allows for rapid and effective cooling of the battery device 20 directly via the circulating refrigerant, and the fan 411 directly removes the heat gained from the refrigerant by the second heat exchanger 412. Therefore, a simplified and optimized direct refrigerant cooling scheme and structure can rapidly and effectively cool the battery device 20, thereby improving the heat dissipation and thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system 40 and the thermal management component 30 on the battery device 20, and enhancing the reliability and lifespan of both the battery device 20 and the energy storage device 1. Furthermore, the structure of the liquid cooling system 40 can be significantly simplified, reducing its footprint and cost, and improving the energy density of the energy storage device 1.

[0147] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the first heat exchange assembly 41 includes a second heat exchanger 412, which is disposed within the housing 413.

[0148] It should be noted that the second heat exchanger 412, as a component of the first heat exchange assembly 41, is disposed on the outside of the side wall 13 and housed inside the housing 413 so that the housing 413 can protect the second heat exchanger 412.

[0149] By adopting the above scheme, with the refrigerant circulation loop 40b provided, the fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412 can be placed in the same space and both located on the outer side of the side wall 13, thus optimizing the layout between the fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412. Based on this, on the one hand, the airflow generated by the fan 411 can flow over a large area through the second heat exchanger 412, facilitating direct thermal interaction between the fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412, thereby optimizing the heat exchange airflow field between the fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412 and improving the heat dissipation effect and efficiency of the fan 411 on the second heat exchanger 412. On the other hand, due to the large usable space outside the housing 10, a larger model of second heat exchanger 412 can be selected, which is beneficial for optimizing the heat exchange performance of the second heat exchanger 412. On the one hand, since the connection between the compressor 423 and the second heat exchanger 412, and the connection between the throttling device 424 and the second heat exchanger 412 do not require a large opening, it is convenient to carry out dustproof and waterproof protection measures on the first heat exchange component 41 as a whole, which helps to ensure that the dustproof and waterproof performance of the energy storage device 1 meets the requirements.

[0150] Furthermore, due to the optimization of the heat exchange air field between the fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412, the operating frequency of the compressor 423 can be reduced accordingly (i.e., the compressor 423 does not need to work continuously and can rest intermittently), which is conducive to extending the service life of the compressor 423 and reducing the power consumption of the energy storage device 1.

[0151] Of course, in other embodiments, where the fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412 are aligned along the axial direction L of the fan 411, the second heat exchanger 412 may be located on the inner side of the side wall 13.

[0152] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, the fan 411 is located within the enclosed area of ​​the second heat exchanger 412.

[0153] It should be noted that, based on the alignment of the fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412 along the axial direction L of the fan 411, the fan 411 can be disposed within the enclosing area of ​​the second heat exchanger 412. In some embodiments, the second heat exchanger 412 is recessed towards the side closest to the sidewall 13, and the fan 411 can be disposed within the recessed area of ​​the second heat exchanger 412 facing away from the sidewall 13, so as to be disposed within the enclosing area of ​​the second heat exchanger 412.

[0154] By adopting the above scheme, when the first heat exchange component 41 includes a fan 411 and a second heat exchanger 412, by placing the fan 411 in the enclosed area of ​​the second heat exchanger 412, the airflow generated by the fan 411 flowing out of the housing 10 can form a "through wind" passing through the second heat exchanger 412. This facilitates the airflow generated by the fan 411 passing through the second heat exchanger 412 and carrying away the heat of the second heat exchanger 412, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the fan 411 on the second heat exchanger 412.

[0155] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 In some embodiments of this application, the second heat exchanger 412 includes a first collector 4121, a plurality of first tubes 4122, and a second collector 4123, wherein the flow channels of the plurality of first tubes 4122 are connected in parallel between the flow channels of the first collector 4121 and the flow channels of the second collector 4123.

[0156] It should be noted that the first collector 4121, the first tube 4122, and the second collector 4123 each have flow channels inside, through which the heat exchange medium can flow. Specifically, the first collector 4121 has one component that can also serve as a confluence component, the second collector 4123 has one component that can also serve as a confluence component, and the first tube 4122 has multiple components that can also serve as flow diversion components. Multiple first tubes 4122 are connected in parallel between the first collector 4121 and the second collector 4123, such that the flow channels of the multiple first tubes 4122 are connected in parallel between the flow channels of the first collector 4121 and the flow channels of the second collector 4123. This allows the heat exchange medium to be diverted from one of the first collector 4121 and the second collector 4123 to the multiple first tubes 4122, and then merge back into the other of the first collector 4121 and the second collector 4123.

[0157] The shapes and sizes of the first current collector 4121, the first tube 4122, and the second current collector 4123 can be configured as needed. In some embodiments, the first current collector 4121 and the second current collector 4123 are circular tubes, so that the first current collector 4121 and the second current collector 4123 have better pressure resistance and facilitate the convergence of the heat exchange medium. In some embodiments, the first tube 4122 may be (but is not limited to) a flat tube, so that the first tube 4122 has a flat and large heat exchange area, which facilitates the airflow generated by the fan 411 to quickly and reliably remove the heat of the heat exchange medium flowing in the first tube 4122. In some embodiments, the first tube 4122 is bent toward the side closest to the sidewall 13, such that the first tube 4122 is C-shaped or U-shaped and is bent between the first collector 4121 and the second collector 4123. Based on this, the extension length of the first tube 4122 can be extended, and the surface area and heat exchange area of ​​the first tube 4122 can be increased, thereby facilitating the airflow generated by the fan 411 to quickly and reliably remove the heat of the heat exchange medium flowing in the first tube 4122.

[0158] By adopting the above scheme, the heat exchange medium flowing in the second heat exchanger 412 can flow into one of the channels of the first collector 4121 and the second collector 4123, then flow into the channels of multiple first tubes 4122, and then flow into the other channel of the first collector 4121 and the second collector 4123. Based on this, the structure of the second heat exchanger 412 can be optimized, facilitating the flow of the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchanger 412 and increasing the heat exchange area between the second heat exchanger 412 and the fan 411, thereby optimizing the heat exchange effect of the fan 411 on the second heat exchanger 412.

[0159] Of course, in other embodiments, the second heat exchanger 412 may adopt other structural designs.

[0160] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 In some embodiments of this application, a portion of the first tube body 4122 forms a first tube group 4124, and another portion of the first tube body 4122 forms a second tube group 4125. The first tube group 4124 is connected between one end of the first current collector 4121 and one end of the second current collector 4123, and the second tube group 4125 is connected between the other end of the first current collector 4121 and the other end of the second current collector 4123.

[0161] It should be noted that a portion of the multiple first tube bodies 4122 forms a first tube group 4124, while another portion forms a second tube group 4125. The first tube group 4124 and the second tube group 4125 are spaced apart at both ends of the first collector 4121, that is, the first tube group 4124 and the second tube group 4125 are spaced apart at both ends of the second collector 4123. In other words, the first collector 4121, the first tube group 4124, the second collector 4123, and the second tube group 4125 are connected sequentially, and the end of the second tube group 4125 away from the second collector 4123 is then connected to the end of the first collector 4121 away from the first tube group 4124, making the second heat exchanger 412 shaped like a quadrilateral ring.

[0162] The first tube group 4124 includes one or more first tube bodies 4122, and the second tube group 4125 includes one or more first tube bodies 4122. The number of first tube bodies 4122 included in the first tube group 4124 may be the same as or different from the number of first tube bodies 4122 included in the second tube group 4125.

[0163] The first tube body 4122 of the first tube group 4124 and the first tube body 4122 of the second tube group 4125 are both connected between the first current collector 4121 and the second current collector 4123. In some embodiments, the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the first tube body 4122 of the first tube group 4124 may be the same as the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the first tube body 4122 of the second tube group 4125; that is, the heat exchange medium may flow into one of the first collector 4121 and the second collector 4123, then be diverted to the first tube body 4122 of the first tube group 4124 and the second tube group 4125 and flow in the same direction, and then converge into the other of the first collector 4121 and the second collector 4123 and flow out; that is, the first tube body 4122 of the first tube group 4124 and the second tube group 4125 are both used to allow the heat exchange medium to flow from the first collector 4121 to the second collector 4123, or both are used to allow the heat exchange medium to flow from the second collector 4123 to the first collector 4121.

[0164] In other embodiments, the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the first tube body 4122 of the first tube group 4124 may be opposite to the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the first tube body 4122 of the second tube group 4125. For example, the heat exchange medium may flow into the first collector 4121, then be distributed to each of the first tube bodies 4122 of the first tube group 4124, then be collected into the second collector 4123, then be distributed to each of the first tube bodies 4122 of the second tube group 4125, and then be collected into the first collector 4121. That is, each of the first tube bodies 4122 of the first tube group 4124 is used to supply the heat exchange medium from the first collector 4121 to the second collector 4123, and each of the first tube bodies 4122 of the second tube group 4125 is used to supply the heat exchange medium from the second collector 4123 to the first collector 4121.

[0165] By adopting the above scheme, by dividing multiple first tube bodies 4122 into first tube groups 4124 and second tube groups 4125, and by distributing the first tube groups 4124 and second tube groups 4125 at intervals at both ends of the first collector 4121, the second heat exchanger 412 can form a near-quadrilateral annular shape. Based on this, regardless of whether the "flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the first tube body 4122 of the first tube group 4124" is the same as the "flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the first tube body 4122 of the second tube group 4125", the second heat exchanger 412 can form a large heat exchange area based on the first collector 4121, the first tube group 4124, the second collector 4123, and the second tube group 4125. This optimizes the structure of the second heat exchanger 412, facilitates increasing the heat exchange area between the second heat exchanger 412 and the fan 411, and helps optimize the heat exchange effect of the fan 411 on the second heat exchanger 412.

[0166] Of course, in other embodiments, the positions of the plurality of first tubes 4122 between the first collector 4121 and the second collector 4123 can be arranged as needed. For example, the plurality of first tubes 4122 can be located in the middle of the two ends of the first collector 4121, etc.

[0167] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the liquid cooling system 40 includes a second heat exchange assembly 42 disposed within the housing 10. The second heat exchange assembly 42 has a first interface 425 and a second interface 426 on the side facing the first heat exchange assembly 41. The outer casing 413 has a third interface 414 and a fourth interface 415 on the side facing the second heat exchange assembly 42. The first interface 425 and the third interface 414 are detachably connected via a first pipe 44, and the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415 are detachably connected via a second pipe 45. The first interface 425, the second interface 426, the third interface 414, and the fourth interface 415 are all located in the refrigerant circulation loop 40b.

[0168] It should be noted that the portion of the liquid cooling system 40 located outside the side wall 13 forms a modular first heat exchange assembly 41, and the portion of the liquid cooling system 40 located inside the housing 10 forms a modular second heat exchange assembly 42. This embodiment applies to embodiments where "the liquid cooling system 40 is provided with a refrigerant circulation loop 40b".

[0169] The second heat exchange component 42 has a first interface 425 on the side facing the first heat exchange component 41. Correspondingly, the outer casing 413 of the first heat exchange component 41 has a third interface 414 on the side facing the second heat exchange component 42. The first interface 425 and the third interface 414 can be connected by a first pipe 44 to connect the area of ​​the refrigerant circulation loop 40b corresponding to the area between the first interface 425 and the third interface 414. When the first pipe 44 is disconnected from the area between the first interface 425 and the third interface 414, the first interface 425 can automatically seal, and the third interface 414 can automatically seal, thus disconnecting the area of ​​the refrigerant circulation loop 40b corresponding to the area between the first interface 425 and the third interface 414. That is, the first interface 425 and the third interface 414 can automatically connect to each other when connected to the first pipe 44, and can automatically seal themselves when not connected to the first pipe 44. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, one end of the first interface 425 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 423, and one end of the third interface 414 is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchanger 412. The first interface 425 and the third interface 414 can be connected by a first pipe 44 to enable the outlet of the compressor 423 to communicate with the inlet of the second heat exchanger 412. When the first pipe 44 is disconnected between the first interface 425 and the third interface 414, the first interface 425 can be automatically sealed, and the third interface 414 can be automatically sealed.

[0170] Similarly, the second heat exchange component 42 has a second interface 426 on the side facing the first heat exchange component 41. Correspondingly, the outer casing 413 of the first heat exchange component 41 has a fourth interface 415 on the side facing the second heat exchange component 42. The second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415 can be connected by a second pipe 45 to connect the area of ​​the refrigerant circulation loop 40b corresponding to the area between the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415. When the second pipe 45 is disconnected from the area between the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415, the second interface 426 can automatically seal, and the fourth interface 415 can automatically seal, thus disconnecting the area of ​​the refrigerant circulation loop 40b corresponding to the area between the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415. That is, the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415 can automatically connect to each other when connected to the second pipe 45, and can automatically seal themselves when not connected to the second pipe 45. For example, as... Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, one end of the second interface 426 is connected to the inlet of the throttling device 424, and one end of the fourth interface 415 is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger 412. The second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415 can be connected by a second pipe 45 to enable the outlet of the second heat exchanger 412 to communicate with the inlet of the throttling device 424. When the second pipe 45 is detached between the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415, the second interface 426 can be automatically sealed, and the fourth interface 415 can be automatically sealed.

[0171] Based on this, it is convenient to transport, maintain and replace the first heat exchange component 41 and the second heat exchange component 42 respectively, and it is also convenient to connect and interact between the first heat exchange component 41 and the second heat exchange component 42, and the risk of refrigerant leakage during transportation, maintenance, replacement and connection and interaction can be reduced.

[0172] Among them, the first interface 425, the second interface 426, the third interface 414, and the fourth interface 415 can be, but are not limited to, quick-connect connectors, direct cooling connectors, etc.

[0173] The first interface 425 and the second interface 426 can be located at any position (e.g., the middle) on the side of the second heat exchange component 42 facing the first heat exchange component 41, and the third interface 414 and the fourth interface 415 can be located at any position (e.g., the middle) on the side of the outer shell 413 of the first heat exchange component 41 facing the second heat exchange component 42. The interfaces between the second heat exchange component 42 and the first heat exchange component 41 can be arranged based on the consideration of "proximity".

[0174] By adopting the above scheme, the portion of the liquid cooling system 40 located outside the side wall 13 forms a modular first heat exchange assembly 41, and the portion of the liquid cooling system 40 located inside the housing 10 forms a modular second heat exchange assembly 42. Furthermore, when the first pipe 44 is disassembled between the first interface 425 and the third interface 414, and the second pipe 45 is disassembled between the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415, the first interface 425, the second interface 426, the third interface 414, and the fourth interface 415 can be automatically sealed to encapsulate the refrigerant in both parts of the refrigerant circulation loop 40b (i.e., the part of the refrigerant circulation loop 40b located in the first heat exchange assembly 41, and the part of the refrigerant circulation loop 40b located in the second heat exchange assembly 42), thereby reducing the risk of refrigerant leakage and facilitating the transportation, maintenance, and replacement of the first heat exchange assembly 41 and the second heat exchange assembly 42 respectively.

[0175] Conversely, the refrigerant circulation loop 40b can be connected by connecting a first pipe 44 between the first interface 425 and the third interface 414, thereby enabling the area between the first interface 425 and the third interface 414 to be connected; similarly, the refrigerant circulation loop 40b can be connected by connecting a second pipe 45 between the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415, thereby enabling the area between the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415 to be connected. Based on this, it is convenient to achieve connection and interaction between the first heat exchange component 41 and the second heat exchange component 42, and it is convenient to form a refrigerant circulation loop 40b between the first heat exchange component 41 and the second heat exchange component 42.

[0176] In addition, in some embodiments, the second heat exchange component 42 facing the first heat exchange component 41 and the first heat exchange component 41 facing the second heat exchange component 42 may be respectively provided with interfaces for signal interaction.

[0177] Of course, such as Figure 2 As shown, in other embodiments, if the circulation loop formed by the liquid cooling system 40 does not need to be divided into two parts (i.e., the part of the loop in the first heat exchange component 41 and the part of the loop in the second heat exchange component 42), then some interfaces can be omitted on the side of the second heat exchange component 42 facing the first heat exchange component 41 and the side of the first heat exchange component 41 facing the second heat exchange component 42.

[0178] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, at least one of the first interface 425, the second interface 426, the third interface 414, and the fourth interface 415 is a quick-connect connector.

[0179] By adopting the above solution, the sealing performance of at least one of the first interface 425, the second interface 426, the third interface 414 and the fourth interface 415 can be improved when no pipeline is connected, and the connection convenience and connection reliability of at least one of the first interface 425, the second interface 426, the third interface 414 and the fourth interface 415 can be improved when a pipeline is connected.

[0180] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the liquid cooling system 40 further includes an electric heating element 43, which is disposed on the side of the second heat exchanger 412 away from the fan 411 and is used to provide heat to the refrigerant.

[0181] It should be noted that the electric heating element 43 is a component used to provide heat to the heat exchange medium (in this embodiment, it is a refrigerant). The electric heating element 43 can be, but is not limited to, a heating wire (such as nickel-chromium wire, iron-chromium-aluminum wire, etc.), a PTC heating element (Positive Temperature Coefficient Thermistor), etc.

[0182] The electric heating element 43 is located on one side of the second heat exchanger 412, particularly on the side of the second heat exchanger 412 away from the fan 411. When activated, the electric heating element 43 provides heat to the refrigerant flowing in the second heat exchanger 412.

[0183] By adopting the above scheme, an electric heating element 43 can be arranged on one side of the second heat exchanger 412, so that the refrigerant circulation loop 40b has a cooling mode when the electric heating element 43 is not activated, and a heating mode when the electric heating element 43 is activated. Based on this, when the temperature of the battery device 20 is lower than the suitable operating temperature, the electric heating element 43 can be activated to provide heat to the refrigerant flowing in the second heat exchanger 412, thereby enabling the refrigerant to provide heat to the battery device 20, thus heating the battery device 20 and raising its temperature to the suitable operating temperature. This improves the thermal management performance of the refrigerant circulation loop 40b for the battery device 20, and enhances the reliability and service life of the battery device 20 and the energy storage device 1.

[0184] In the refrigerant circulation loop, the circulation direction in heating mode 40c is opposite to that in cooling mode 40b. In cooling mode 40b, the refrigerant circulates sequentially through compressor 423, second heat exchanger 412, throttling device 424, thermal management component 30, and back to compressor 423. In heating mode 40c, the refrigerant circulates sequentially through throttling device 424, second heat exchanger 412, compressor 423, thermal management component 30, and back to throttling device 424.

[0185] Of course, in other embodiments, the electric heating element 43 can be connected in series at any position in the refrigerant circulation loop 40b, or the electric heating element 43 can be connected in parallel with the second heat exchanger 412, so that the electric heating element 43 can directly heat the refrigerant flowing through it when it is started.

[0186] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the liquid cooling system 40 may be equipped with pressure sensors at any location in the circulation loop as needed for real-time pressure monitoring, so as to trigger an alarm or shutdown in the event of abnormal pressure. In some embodiments, the liquid cooling system 40 may be equipped with temperature sensors at any location in the circulation loop as needed for real-time temperature monitoring.

[0187] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 In some embodiments of this application, the sidewall 13 is provided with a first opening 131, and the outer shell 413 closes the first opening 131.

[0188] It should be noted that the sidewall 13 facing the first heat exchange component 41 has a first opening 131, which extends through the sidewall 13 to connect the interior and exterior of the housing 10. The shape of the first opening 131 can be flexibly designed, for example, it can be rectangular.

[0189] The outer casing 413 is mounted on the outside of the side wall 13 to ensure a stable installation position and state of the first heat exchange component 41 relative to the side wall 13. The outer casing 413 is correspondingly positioned to the first opening 131, and the outer casing 413 can close the first opening 131 to improve the protection of the components inside the housing 10, thereby increasing the reliability and service life of the components. Furthermore, when the outer casing 413 is not closed, it facilitates the assembly, maintenance, and even replacement of the components inside the housing 10 through the first opening 131, and also facilitates the connection and disassembly of the components inside the housing 10 with the first heat exchange component 41. The outer casing 413 can be installed using fixed methods such as bonding or welding, or it can be installed using detachable methods such as bolted connections.

[0190] By adopting the above solution, the first opening 131 facilitates the connection and interaction between the components inside the housing 10 and the first heat exchange assembly 41, and also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the components inside the housing 10. Furthermore, the outer shell 413 of the first heat exchange assembly 41 can close the first opening 131 to improve the protection performance of the components inside the housing 10, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the components inside the housing 10.

[0191] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 In some embodiments of this application, the housing 413 includes a back frame 4132 and a frame 4133 mounted on the back frame 4132, a fan 411 is disposed inside the frame 4133, and the back frame 4132 is detachably mounted on the side wall 13.

[0192] It should be noted that the back frame 4132 is a component of the outer shell 413 used to connect with the side wall 13. The back frame 4132 has a certain structural strength and rigidity, and the material of the back frame 4132 can be flexibly set, for example, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc. The back frame 4132 can be detachably installed on the side wall 13. In the finished state of the energy storage device 1, the back frame 4132 can be located between the fan 411 and the side wall 13 (that is, the fan 411 can be located on the side of the back frame 4132 away from the side wall 13), and close the first opening 131.

[0193] The frame 4133 is installed on the side of the back frame 4132 away from the side wall 13, and the fan 411 is set inside the frame 4133. The frame 4133 and the back frame 4132 can jointly protect the fan 411.

[0194] By adopting the above-described scheme, the outer casing 413, through the back frame 4132 and frame 4133 with certain structural strength and rigidity, can accommodate the fan 411 and provide reliable dustproof and waterproof protection, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the first heat exchange component 41. Furthermore, the outer casing 413, through the back frame 4132 with certain structural strength and rigidity, can be detachably connected to the side wall 13, allowing for convenient, quick, and reliable installation of the first heat exchange component 41 onto the outside of the side wall 13, thus improving the installation reliability between the first heat exchange component 41 and the side wall 13. Moreover, when the back frame 4132 is installed on the side wall 13, the back frame 4132 can essentially close the first opening 131, thereby improving the protective performance of the components inside the housing 10. Furthermore, when the back frame 4132 is disassembled from the side wall 13, it is convenient for the first heat exchange component 41 to be assembled, transported, stored and maintained as a modular structure. It is also convenient for the components inside the housing 10 to be assembled, maintained or even replaced through the first opening 131. It is also convenient for the components inside the housing 10 to be connected and disconnected from the first heat exchange component 41 through the first opening 131.

[0195] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 In some embodiments of this application, the back frame 4132 is movable relative to the side wall 13 to open or close the first opening 131. The movement of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13 can be planar movement, rotation, etc.

[0196] By adopting the above solution, the back frame 4132 can be movably connected to the housing 10, thus conveniently, quickly, and reliably connecting the back frame 4132 to the side wall 13. Furthermore, based on this movable connection, the back frame 4132 can open the first opening 131 relative to the side wall 13, facilitating the connection and interaction between the components inside the housing 10 and the first heat exchange assembly 41, and enabling convenient maintenance and replacement of the components inside the housing 10. The back frame 4132 can also close the first opening 131 relative to the side wall 13, thereby improving the protection performance of the components inside the housing 10 and enhancing their reliability and service life.

[0197] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 In some embodiments of this application, the back frame 4132 is hinged to the side wall 13.

[0198] It should be noted that the back frame 4132 is hinged (i.e., rotatably connected) to the side wall 13. This hinge can be either along one side of the back frame 4132's width direction a, or along one side of the back frame 4132's height direction. The height direction of the back frame 4132 is perpendicular to its width direction a. Therefore, the back frame 4132 can rotate relative to the side wall 13 about the side where it is hinged, thereby opening or closing the first opening 131.

[0199] By adopting the above solution, the back frame 4132 can be hinged to the housing 10, thus achieving a convenient, quick, and reliable connection between the back frame 4132 and the housing 10. Furthermore, based on the hinge, the back frame 4132 can rotate relative to the side wall 13 to open the first opening 131, facilitating the connection and interaction between the components inside the housing 10 and the first heat exchange assembly 41 on the back frame 4132, and simplifying the maintenance and replacement of the components inside the housing 10. The back frame 4132 can rotate relative to the side wall 13 to adjust the orientation of the fan 411, allowing for flexible adjustment of where the hot air from the fan 411 blows, thereby reducing the risk of the fan 411 blowing towards obstacles (such as walls) and affecting its airflow, thus optimizing the airflow and heat dissipation effect of the fan 411. The back frame 4132 can rotate relative to the side wall 13 to close the first opening 131, thereby improving the protection performance of the components inside the housing 10 and increasing the reliability and service life of the components inside the housing 10.

[0200] Of course, in other embodiments, the back frame 4132 can move relative to the plane of the side wall 13 to open or close the first opening 131. For example, the back frame 4132 may be slidably connected to the side wall 13.

[0201] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 In some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device 1 further includes an angle constraint component 60, which is connected between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 and is used to constrain the included angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13.

[0202] It should be noted that the angle constraint component 60 is connected between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13, for example, it can be connected to the side of the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 facing each other, or it can be connected to the hinge between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13.

[0203] Angle constraint component 60 is used to constrain the angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13. For example, angle constraint component 60 can constrain the angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 to a preset angle. Or, for example, angle constraint component 60 can constrain the range of variation of the angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13.

[0204] By adopting the above solution, in some cases, the angle constraint component 60 can constrain the variable range of the angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13, thereby constraining the rotation range of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13, that is, constraining the opening degree of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13. In some cases, the angle constraint component 60 can constrain the angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 to a preset angle, thereby stabilizing the opening angle of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13. This improves the ease of operation and stability of rotating the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13, and reduces the risk of component damage or even personal injury caused by excessive rotation or accidental closure of the back frame 4132.

[0205] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 In some embodiments of this application, a first bracket 132 is provided on the side of the sidewall 13 facing the back frame 4132, and the first bracket 132 has a first hole 1321. A second bracket 4131 is provided on the side of the back frame 4132 facing the sidewall 13, and the second bracket 4131 has a sliding groove 41311, which extends along the width direction a of the back frame 4132. The angle constraint assembly 60 includes a connector 61, a slider 62, and a connecting rod structure 63. The connector 61 is installed in the first hole 1321, and the slider 62 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 41311. One end of the connecting rod structure 63 is sleeved on the connector 61, and the other end of the connecting rod structure 63 is sleeved on the slider 62.

[0206] It should be noted that the first bracket 132 can be fixedly installed or detachably installed on the side of the side wall 13 facing the back frame 4132. The second bracket 4131 can be fixedly installed or detachably installed on the side of the back frame 4132 facing the side wall 13. The first bracket 132 and the second bracket 4131 are correspondingly arranged and are both connecting components that facilitate the connection of the angle constraint assembly 60. The angle constraint assembly 60 is connected between the first bracket 132 and the second bracket 4131, that is, between the side of the side wall 13 facing the back frame 4132 and the side of the back frame 4132 facing the side wall 13. Among them, the first bracket 132 can be, but is not limited to, an L-shaped profile, and the second bracket 4131 can be, but is not limited to, an L-shaped profile.

[0207] The first bracket 132 has a first hole 1321, which can be a through hole or a blind hole, and can be, but is not limited to, a circular hole or a rectangular hole. A connector 61 is installed in the first hole 1321, with a portion of the connector 61 exposed in the first hole 1321 to facilitate connection to the connecting rod structure 63. The connector 61 can be, but is not limited to, a bolt or a pin.

[0208] The second support 4131 is provided with a sliding groove 41311, which extends along the width direction a of the back frame 4132. The sliding groove 41311 may be continuous or non-continuous in its depth direction. A sliding member 62 is installed in the sliding groove 41311 and can slide back and forth along the extension direction of the sliding groove 41311. Part of the sliding member 62 is exposed in the sliding groove 41311 to facilitate connection with the connecting rod structure 63. The sliding member 62 may be, but is not limited to, a bolt, a pin, etc.

[0209] One end of the connecting rod structure 63 is sleeved on the connector 61. Based on this, the end of the connecting rod structure 63 connected to the connector 61 can be stably installed relative to the connector 61 and the first hole 1321, and the connecting rod structure 63 has the degree of freedom to rotate around the connector 61.

[0210] The end of the connecting rod structure 63 away from the connecting member 61 is sleeved on the sliding member 62. Based on this, the end of the connecting rod structure 63 connected to the sliding member 62 can slide back and forth along the slide groove 41311 synchronously with the sliding member 62, and the end of the connecting rod structure 63 connected to the sliding member 62 can adaptively rotate around the sliding member 62 to reduce the risk of jamming in the movement of the connecting rod structure 63.

[0211] Based on this, the sliding range of the slider 62 in the slide groove 41311 can constrain the rotation range of the connecting rod structure 63, thereby constraining the rotation range of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13.

[0212] By adopting the above scheme, during the rotation of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13, the linkage structure 63 of the angle constraint component 60 will adaptively rotate around the connector 61, and the end of the linkage structure 63 connected to the sliding member 62 will reciprocate along the slide groove 41311 synchronously with the sliding member 62. Based on this, the angle constraint component 60 can constrain the rotation range of the linkage structure 63 through the sliding range of the sliding member 62 in the slide groove 41311, thereby constraining the rotation range of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13, constraining the variable range of the included angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13, and constraining the degree to which the back frame 4132 can be opened relative to the side wall 13. As a result, the ease of operation and operational stability of the rotation of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13 can be improved, the risk of component damage caused by excessive rotation of the back frame 4132 can be reduced, wear and collision between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 can be reduced, and the performance and service life of the energy storage device 1 can be improved. Furthermore, it is easy to adjust the orientation of the fan 411 within a preset range, which helps to optimize the airflow and heat dissipation effect of the fan 411.

[0213] Of course, in other embodiments, the angle constraint component 60 can adopt other structural forms to achieve a variable range of the included angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13. For example, the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft and a rotating cylinder. In this case, the angle constraint component 60 may include a limiting block and a limiting groove. The limiting block protrudes from the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and the limiting groove is formed in the inner cylinder of the rotating cylinder. The limiting block slides within the limiting groove, and the sliding range of the limiting block in the limiting groove constrains the rotation range of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13. Alternatively, the angle constraint component 60 may be a hydraulic or pneumatic device. The angle constraint component 60 can drive the rotation of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13 and can also precisely control the rotation range of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13.

[0214] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 In some embodiments of this application, a first bracket 132 is provided on the side of the sidewall 13 facing the back frame 4132, and the first bracket 132 has a second hole 1322. A second bracket 4131 is provided on the side of the back frame 4132 facing the sidewall 13, and the second bracket 4131 has a third hole 41312. The angle constraint assembly 60 includes a leg 64. One end of the leg 64 is inserted into the second hole 1322, and the other end of the leg 64 is inserted into the third hole 41312.

[0215] It should be noted that the first bracket 132 can be fixedly installed or detachably installed on the side of the side wall 13 facing the back frame 4132. The second bracket 4131 can be fixedly installed or detachably installed on the side of the back frame 4132 facing the side wall 13. The first bracket 132 and the second bracket 4131 are correspondingly arranged and are both connecting components that facilitate the connection of the angle constraint assembly 60. The angle constraint assembly 60 is connected between the first bracket 132 and the second bracket 4131, that is, between the side of the side wall 13 facing the back frame 4132 and the side of the back frame 4132 facing the side wall 13. Among them, the first bracket 132 can be, but is not limited to, an L-shaped profile, and the second bracket 4131 can be, but is not limited to, an L-shaped profile.

[0216] The first bracket 132 has a second hole 1322, which can be a through hole or a blind hole, and can be, but is not limited to, a circular hole or a rectangular hole. One end of the support leg 64 is detachably inserted into the second hole 1322 to stabilize its position relative to the second hole 1322. Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, one end of the support leg 64 can be bent and inserted into the second hole 1322.

[0217] The second bracket 4131 has a third hole 41312, which can be a through hole or a blind hole, and can be, but is not limited to, a circular hole or a rectangular hole. One end of the support leg 64 near the second bracket 4131 is detachably inserted into the third hole 41312 to stabilize its position relative to the third hole 41312. Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the end of the support leg 64 near the second bracket 4131 can be bent and inserted into the third hole 41312.

[0218] By adopting the above scheme, the angle restraint component 60 can insert one end of the support leg 64 into the second hole 1322 and the other end of the support leg 64 into the third hole 41312, so that the support leg 64 abuts between the first bracket 132 and the second bracket 4131, and thus abuts between the side wall 13 and the back frame 4132. Based on this, the angle restraint component 60 can stabilize the angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 at a preset angle by using the support leg 64 abutting between the side wall 13 and the back frame 4132, thereby stabilizing the opening angle of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13. This improves the ease of operation and stability of rotating the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13, reduces the risk of component damage or even personal injury caused by accidental closure of the back frame 4132, facilitates connection and interaction between components inside the side wall 13 and components on the back frame 4132 when the back frame 4132 is stably open, facilitates maintenance and replacement of components inside the side wall 13 when the back frame 4132 is stably open, and facilitates stabilizing the orientation of the fan 411 to optimize the airflow and heat dissipation effect of the fan 411.

[0219] Furthermore, the support leg 64 is detachable from the second hole 1322, and also detachable from the third hole 41312. This allows for easy rotation of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13 when the support leg 64 is detached from the first bracket 132 and the second bracket 4131. It also facilitates the replacement of support legs 64 of different lengths, ensuring that the angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 can be stabilized at any desired angle.

[0220] It should be noted that the embodiments related to "leg 64" and "connector 61, slider 62, and link structure 63" can be selected or combined. When the embodiments related to "leg 64" and "connector 61, slider 62, and link structure 63" are combined, the functions of components such as connector 61, slider 62, and link structure 63 are utilized even when leg 64 is disassembled.

[0221] Of course, in other embodiments, the support leg 64 may bypass the first bracket 132 and the second bracket 4131 and directly abut against the side wall 13 and the back frame 4132. For example, suction cups may be provided at opposite ends of the support leg 64 to ensure that the support leg 64 is stably abutted against the side wall 13 and the back frame 4132.

[0222] Please see Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, the sidewall 13 has a first edge 133 and a second edge 134 opposite to each other along a first direction x, the first direction x being perpendicular to the direction of gravity, a first opening 131 adjacent to the first edge 133 and away from the second edge 134, and a back frame 4132 hinged to the side of the first opening 131 near the first edge 133.

[0223] By adopting the above solution, the back frame 4132 can be opened relative to the side wall 13 from the side near the first edge 133, which makes it easier to install other maintenance doors or other components on the side of the first opening 131 near the second edge 134, and reduces the risk of interference between the rotation of the back frame 4132 and the maintenance door or other components on the side of the first opening 131 near the second edge 134.

[0224] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 9 In some embodiments of this application, one side of the back frame 4132 is hinged to the side wall 13 by a hinge 50.

[0225] It should be noted that the hinge 50 is connected to both the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 by bolts, so that the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 can be hinged together via the hinge 50. At least one hinge 50 is provided between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13.

[0226] By adopting the above solution, one side of the back frame 4132 can be hinged to the side wall 13 via hinge 50 and bolts. Based on this, the connection convenience and reliability between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 can be improved, the assembly and disassembly convenience between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 can be improved, and the back frame 4132 and the components supported by the back frame 4132 can be easily disassembled, maintained, and replaced as a whole.

[0227] Of course, in other embodiments, one side of the back frame 4132 may be hinged to the side wall 13 by other means (e.g., a pivot and a rotating cylinder).

[0228] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the housing 413 further includes an encapsulation plate 4134, which is mounted on the side of the frame 4133 opposite to the back frame 4132. The fan 411 is embedded in the encapsulation plate 4134, and at least one of the back frame 4132 and the frame 4133 is provided with an air inlet 41331.

[0229] It should be noted that the encapsulation plate 4134 is installed on the side of the frame 4133 facing away from the back frame 4132. The back frame 4132, the frame 4133, and the encapsulation plate 4134 together form a receiving cavity. Some components of the first heat exchange assembly 41 (such as the second heat exchanger 412) are housed in the receiving cavity. The back frame 4132, the frame 4133, and the encapsulation plate 4134 can jointly provide dustproof, waterproof, and other protection for some components of the first heat exchange assembly 41.

[0230] The fan 411 is embedded in the encapsulation plate 4134, and the installation position of the fan 411 is the air outlet, that is, the fan 411 is installed at the air outlet. At least one of the back frame 4132 and the frame 4133 is provided with an air inlet 41331, so that the fan 411 can generate airflow from the air inlet 41331 to the air outlet when it is started.

[0231] By adopting the above solution, the outer shell 413, through the encapsulation plate 4134, back frame 4132, and frame 4133, forms a fully protective and structurally reliable shell to accommodate some components of the first heat exchange assembly 41, achieving reliable dustproof and waterproof protection for these components. This improves the reliability and service life of the first heat exchange assembly 41. Furthermore, by embedding the fan 411 into the encapsulation plate 4134, with the fan 411 positioned at the air outlet, the fan 411 can generate airflow from the air inlet 41331 to the air outlet during startup, thereby optimizing the heat dissipation field of the fan 411.

[0232] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, at least one of the back frame 4132 and the frame 4133 is provided with a lifting ring 4135.

[0233] It should be noted that, based on the previous embodiment, the back frame 4132 may be equipped with a lifting ring 4135, the frame 4133 may be equipped with a lifting ring 4135, or both the back frame 4132 and the frame 4133 may be equipped with lifting rings 4135. The lifting ring 4135 facilitates lifting and transportation. Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the lifting ring 4135 is located at the top of the back frame 4132 or the frame 4133. Of course, in other embodiments, the lifting ring 4135 may be located in an area of ​​the back frame 4132 or the frame 4133 other than the top.

[0234] By adopting the above solution, a lifting ring 4135 can be provided on at least one of the back frame 4132 and the frame 4133, so that the first heat exchange component 41 can be lifted and transported as a whole conveniently, quickly and reliably via the lifting ring 4135.

[0235] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, the container 10 is a 20-foot standard container. It should be noted that the "standard 20-foot container" can be referred to in "GBT1413-2023 Series 1 Container Classification, Dimensions and Rated Mass".

[0236] By adopting the above solution, the energy density and thermal management performance of the energy storage device 1 can be balanced even when the dimensions of the housing 10 are limited.

[0237] Of course, in other embodiments, the housing 10 may be of non-standard size or other standard size.

[0238] Please see Figure 12 In some embodiments of this application, the housing 10 includes a battery compartment 14, an electrical compartment 15, and a liquid cooling compartment 16. The electrical compartment 15 and the liquid cooling compartment 16 are located on the same side of the battery compartment 14. The battery device 20 and the thermal management component 30 are located inside the battery compartment 14. The electrical compartment 15 is used to house the power distribution module (e.g., a power distribution box) or control module (e.g., a main control box or a central control box) of the energy storage device 1. The liquid cooling system 40 includes a second heat exchange component 42, which is located inside the liquid cooling compartment 16. The first heat exchange component 41 is located outside the liquid cooling compartment 16.

[0239] By adopting the above scheme, the enclosure 10 can be divided into a battery compartment 14 for housing the battery device 20 and the thermal management component 30, a liquid cooling compartment 16 for housing the second heat exchange component 42, and an electrical compartment 15 for housing the power distribution module or control module of the energy storage device 1. The internal layout of the enclosure 10 is optimized by regularly arranging the electrical compartment 15 and the liquid cooling compartment 16 on the same side of the battery compartment 14. Based on this, it is convenient to establish the necessary electrical connections between the modules (power distribution module or control module) in the electrical compartment 15 and the adjacent components such as the battery device 20. Furthermore, since the first heat exchange component 41 is located outside the liquid cooling compartment 16, it is convenient for the second heat exchange component 42 in the liquid cooling compartment 16 to connect and interact with the adjacent thermal management component 30, and also convenient for the second heat exchange component 42 in the liquid cooling compartment 16 to connect and interact with the adjacent first heat exchange component 41, forming a loop. Therefore, the layout of the battery device 20, thermal management component 30, power distribution module or control module, second heat exchange component 42, etc. in the housing 10 can be optimized, the layout of the second heat exchange component 42 outside the housing 10 can be optimized, the structure of the energy storage device 1 can be optimized, and the connection and interaction of the various components of the energy storage device 1 can be facilitated.

[0240] Please see Figure 1 , Figures 3-12Based on the above embodiments, this application provides a specific example of an energy storage device 1. The energy storage device 1 includes a housing 10, a battery device 20, a thermal management component 30, and a liquid cooling system 40. The housing 10 is a standard 20-foot shipping container. The housing 10 has a top wall 11 and a bottom wall 12 spaced apart along the direction of gravity, and a side wall 13 connecting the top wall 11 and the bottom wall 12, with a first opening 131 in the side wall 13. The housing 10 includes a battery compartment 14, an electrical compartment 15, and a liquid cooling compartment 16. The electrical compartment 15 and the liquid cooling compartment 16 are located on the same side of the battery compartment 14. The battery device 20 and the thermal management component 30 are located within the battery compartment 14. The thermal management component 30 is used to regulate the temperature of the battery device 20. The electrical compartment 15 is used to house the power distribution module (e.g., a distribution box) or control module (e.g., a main control box) of the energy storage device 1.

[0241] The liquid cooling system 40 includes a first heat exchange component 41 and a second heat exchange component 42. The second heat exchange component 42 is located inside the liquid cooling chamber 16 of the housing 10, while the first heat exchange component 41 is installed outside the liquid cooling chamber 16, i.e., the first heat exchange component 41 is installed outside the side wall 13 and closes the first opening 131. Based on this, on the one hand, the space originally reserved for the first heat exchange component 41 inside the housing 10 can be saved (i.e., space is freed up), thereby facilitating the integration of more battery devices 20 inside the housing 10 and increasing the capacity and energy density of the energy storage device 1. On the other hand, since the first heat exchange component 41 is located outside the housing 10, the liquid cooling system 40 can directly dissipate heat to the outside of the housing 10 through the first heat exchange component 41, thereby improving the thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system 40. This allows the liquid cooling system 40 to work with the thermal management component 30 to meet the thermal management needs of more battery devices 20, which is beneficial to improving the reliability and service life of the various components of the energy storage device 1. Furthermore, the first heat exchange component 41 and the second heat exchange component 42 can be formed into modular structures, and can be transported, maintained, and replaced separately.

[0242] The first heat exchange assembly 41 includes a fan 411 and a second heat exchanger 412. The fan 411 and the second heat exchanger 412 are aligned along the axial direction L of the fan 411. The fan 411 is located within the enclosed area of ​​the second heat exchanger 412. The second heat exchanger 412 includes a first collector 4121, a plurality of first tubes 4122, and a second collector 4123. The flow channels of the plurality of first tubes 4122 are connected in parallel between the flow channels of the first collector 4121 and the flow channels of the second collector 4123. A portion of the first tubes 4122 together form a first tube group 4124, and another portion of the first tubes 4122 together form a second tube group 4125. The first tube group 4124 is connected between one end of the first collector 4121 and one end of the second collector 4123, and the second tube group 4125 is connected between the other end of the first collector 4121 and the other end of the second collector 4123. The first collector 4121 of the second heat exchanger 412 is mounted and supported by the first support frame 416. The second collector 4123 of the second heat exchanger 412 is mounted and supported by the second support frame 417.

[0243] The second heat exchange assembly 42 includes a compressor 423 and a throttling device 424. The compressor 423, the second heat exchanger 412, the throttling device 424, and the thermal management component 30 are connected in sequence, and the thermal management component 30 is connected to the compressor 423 to form a refrigerant circulation loop 40b. Based on this, the liquid cooling system 40 and the thermal management component 30 can form a direct refrigerant cooling scheme that combines the refrigerant circulation loop 40b with the fan 411. In the refrigerant circulation loop 40b (cooling mode), under the power of the compressor 423, the refrigerant can circulate through the thermal management component 30 and directly exchange heat with the battery device 20 to cool the battery device 20. After exchanging heat with the battery device 20, the refrigerant can also circulate through the second heat exchanger 412 and exchange heat with the second heat exchanger 412, transferring the heat from the battery device 20 to the second heat exchanger 412, thus initially cooling the refrigerant. After exchanging heat with the second heat exchanger 412, the refrigerant can also circulate along the refrigerant circulation loop 40b through the throttling device 424 to cool and reduce the pressure of the refrigerant. After being cooled and reduced by the throttling device 424, the refrigerant can then circulate again near the battery device 20. For the heat obtained by the second heat exchanger 412 from the refrigerant, the fan 411 can be started to generate an airflow that flows through the second heat exchanger 412 and out of the housing 10, thereby dissipating the heat of the second heat exchanger 412 to the outside of the housing 10.

[0244] The liquid cooling system 40 also includes an electric heating element 43, which is located on the side of the second heat exchanger 412 away from the fan 411 and is used to provide heat to the refrigerant. The refrigerant circulation loop 40b has a cooling mode when the electric heating element 43 is not activated, and a heating mode when the electric heating element 43 is activated. Based on this, when the temperature of the battery device 20 is lower than the suitable operating temperature, the electric heating element 43 can be activated to provide heat to the refrigerant flowing in the second heat exchanger 412, thereby enabling the refrigerant to provide heat to the battery device 20, thus heating the battery device 20 and raising its temperature to the suitable operating temperature.

[0245] Therefore, the structure and thermal management performance of the liquid cooling system 40 can be optimized, the thermal management performance of the first heat exchange component 41 and the second heat exchange component 42 on the battery device 20 can be improved, and the reliability and service life of the battery device 20 and the energy storage device 1 can be improved. Furthermore, since the liquid cooling system 40 and the thermal management component 30 form only one circulation loop (i.e., refrigerant circulation loop 40b), the number of components in the liquid cooling system 40 can be effectively reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the space required for the liquid cooling system 40.

[0246] The second heat exchange component 42 has a first interface 425 on the side facing the first heat exchange component 41, and one end of the first interface 425 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 423. Correspondingly, the first heat exchange component 41 has a third interface 414 on the side facing the second heat exchange component 42, and one end of the third interface 414 is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchanger 412. The first interface 425 and the third interface 414 can be connected by a first pipe 44 to enable the outlet of the compressor 423 to communicate with the inlet of the second heat exchanger 412. When the first pipe 44 is disassembled between the first interface 425 and the third interface 414, the first interface 425 can be automatically sealed and the third interface 414 can be automatically sealed. The second heat exchange component 42 has a second interface 426 on the side facing the first heat exchange component 41, one end of which is connected to the inlet of the throttling device 424. Correspondingly, the first heat exchange component 41 has a fourth interface 415 on the side facing the second heat exchange component 42, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger 412. The second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415 can be connected by a second pipe 45 to enable communication between the outlet of the second heat exchanger 412 and the inlet of the throttling device 424. When the second pipe 45 is disconnected between the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415, the second interface 426 and the fourth interface 415 can automatically seal. The first interface 425, the second interface 426, the third interface 414, and the fourth interface 415 are all quick-connect fittings. This facilitates the separate transportation, maintenance, and replacement of the modular first heat exchange component 41 and the second heat exchange component 42.

[0247] The first heat exchange assembly 41 also includes a housing 413, a second heat exchanger 412 is disposed inside the housing 413, and a fan 411 is embedded in the wall of the housing 413, so that the first heat exchange assembly 41 can form a modular structure, which facilitates the disassembly, transportation, maintenance and replacement of the first heat exchange assembly 41 as a whole.

[0248] The housing 413 includes a back frame 4132, which is detachably mounted to the side wall 13. The back frame 4132 is hinged to the side wall 13 and can rotate relative to the side wall 13 about the side where it is hinged, thereby opening or closing the first opening 131. Based on this, the back frame 4132 can rotate relative to the side wall 13 to open the first opening 131, facilitating the connection and interaction between the components inside the housing 10 and the first heat exchange assembly 41, and facilitating the maintenance and replacement of the components inside the housing 10. The back frame 4132 can rotate relative to the side wall 13 to adjust the orientation of the fan 411, allowing for flexible adjustment of where the hot air from the fan 411 blows. This reduces the risk of the fan 411 blowing towards obstacles (such as walls) and affecting its airflow, thus optimizing the airflow and heat dissipation effect of the fan 411. The back frame 4132 can rotate relative to the side wall 13 to close the first opening 131, so that the first heat exchange assembly 41 can close the first opening 131, thereby improving the protection performance of the components inside the housing 10 and improving the reliability and service life of the components inside the housing 10.

[0249] A first support 132 is provided on the side of the sidewall 13 facing the back frame 4132, and the first support 132 has a first hole 1321 and a second hole 1322. A second support 4131 is provided on the side of the back frame 4132 facing the sidewall 13, and the second support 4131 has a sliding groove 41311 and a third hole 41312. The sliding groove 41311 extends along the width direction a of the back frame 4132. The energy storage device 1 also includes an angle constraint assembly 60. The angle constraint assembly 60 includes a connector 61, a slider 62, a connecting rod structure 63, and a support leg 64. The connector 61 is installed in the first hole 1321, and the slider 62 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 41311. One end of the connecting rod structure 63 is sleeved on the connector 61, and the other end of the connecting rod structure 63 is sleeved on the slider 62.

[0250] With one end of the support leg 64 inserted into the second hole 1322 and the other end inserted into the third hole 41312, the support leg 64 can abut against the first bracket 132 and the second bracket 4131, thereby abutting against the side wall 13 and the back frame 4132. Based on this, the angle restraint assembly 60 can stabilize the angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 at a preset angle by means of the support leg 64 abutting against the side wall 13 and the back frame 4132, thereby stabilizing the opening angle of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13. This improves the ease of operation and stability of rotating the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13, reduces the risk of component damage or even personal injury caused by accidental closure of the back frame 4132, facilitates connection and interaction between components inside the side wall 13 and components on the back frame 4132 when the back frame 4132 is stably open, facilitates maintenance and replacement of components inside the side wall 13 when the back frame 4132 is stably open, and facilitates stabilizing the orientation of the fan 411 to optimize the airflow and heat dissipation effect of the fan 411.

[0251] Conversely, when the support leg 64 is disassembled between the first bracket 132 and the second bracket 4131, during the rotation of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13, the connecting rod structure 63 can adaptively rotate around the connector 61, and the end of the connecting rod structure 63 connected to the sliding member 62 can reciprocate along the slide groove 41311 synchronously with the sliding member 62. Based on this, the angle constraint component 60 can constrain the rotation range of the connecting rod structure 63 through the sliding range of the sliding member 62 in the slide groove 41311, thereby constraining the rotation range of the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13, constraining the variable range of the included angle between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13, and constraining the degree to which the back frame 4132 can be opened relative to the side wall 13. As a result, the ease of operation and operational stability of rotating the back frame 4132 relative to the side wall 13 can be improved, the risk of component damage due to excessive rotation of the back frame 4132 can be reduced, wear and collision between the back frame 4132 and the side wall 13 can be reduced, and the performance and service life of the energy storage device 1 can be improved. Furthermore, it is easy to adjust the orientation of the fan 411 within a preset range, which helps to optimize the airflow and heat dissipation effect of the fan 411.

[0252] The sidewall 13 has a first edge 133 and a second edge 134 opposite each other along a first direction x, which is perpendicular to the direction of gravity. A first opening 131 is adjacent to the first edge 133 and away from the second edge 134, and a back frame 4132 is hinged to the side of the first opening 131 near the first edge 133. This allows the back frame 4132 to be opened relative to the sidewall 13 from the side near the first edge 133, facilitating the installation of other maintenance doors or components on the side of the first opening 131 near the second edge 134, and reducing the risk of interference between the rotation of the back frame 4132 and the maintenance doors or other components on the side of the first opening 131 near the second edge 134.

[0253] The housing 413 also includes a frame 4133 and an encapsulation plate 4134. The encapsulation plate 4134 is disposed opposite to the back frame 4132, and the frame 4133 is connected between the encapsulation plate 4134 and the back frame 4132. The fan 411 is embedded in the encapsulation plate 4134, and at least one of the back frame 4132 and the frame 4133 is provided with an air inlet 41331. Based on this, the protective effect of the housing 413 can be improved, and the housing 413 can reliably protect some components of the first heat exchange assembly 41 from dust and water. Furthermore, since the fan 411 is embedded in the encapsulation plate 4134, the installation position of the fan 411 can form an air outlet, so that the fan 411 can generate airflow from the air inlet 41331 to the air outlet when it is started. At least one of the back frame 4132 and the frame 4133 is provided with a lifting ring 4135 to facilitate the hoisting and transportation of the first heat exchange assembly 41 as a whole.

[0254] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 Some embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device 1, which includes a housing 10 and a casing 413. The casing 413 is detachably mounted on one side of the housing 10. The housing 10 has a first opening 131 on the side facing the casing 413, and the casing 413 is capable of closing the first opening 131.

[0255] By adopting the above solution, when the first opening 131 of the outer casing 413 is open, it is convenient to connect and interact with the components inside the housing 10 and the components on the outer casing 413, which facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the components inside the housing 10. When the first opening 131 of the outer casing 413 is closed, the protective performance of the components inside the housing 10 is improved, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the components inside the housing 10.

[0256] The energy storage device 1 provided in this application embodiment may not involve the first heat exchange component 41 (e.g., Figure 1 (as shown) and the second heat exchange component 42 (as shown) Figure 1The relevant improvements (shown) mainly involve improvements to the housing 413, which are compatible with the above-mentioned embodiments related to the housing 413, and are also compatible with the above-mentioned embodiments related to the angle constraint component 60.

[0257] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 Some embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, which includes the energy storage device 1 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0258] By adopting the above scheme, the energy storage system can improve energy density and take into account thermal management performance and space utilization by applying the energy storage device 1 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0259] In some embodiments, the energy storage system may include a power generation device 2, a power conversion system (PCS) 3, and one or more energy storage devices 1. The power conversion system 3 is connected between the power generation device 2 and the energy storage device 1. The power generation device 2 generates electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage device 1 via the power conversion system 3. For example, the power generation device 2 may be a solar panel, hydroelectric power generation equipment, thermal power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, etc. By using the energy storage device 1 provided in the above embodiments, the operational reliability of the energy storage system can be effectively improved.

[0260] Please see Figure 14 , Figure 15 In some embodiments of this application, multiple energy storage devices 1 are provided, and the multiple energy storage devices 1 are arranged in a matrix. In at least one group of two energy storage devices 1 arranged side by side (which may be two energy storage devices 1 arranged side by side along the distribution direction of the first heat exchange component 41 and the second heat exchange component 42), the first heat exchange component 41 is provided on the side of the two energy storage devices 1 that is away from each other.

[0261] By adopting the above scheme, the layout of multiple energy storage devices 1 can be optimized, and the space utilization rate of the energy storage system can be improved.

[0262] Please see Figure 16 Some embodiments of this application provide a charging network, which includes a charging pile 4 and an energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application. The charging pile 4 is electrically connected to the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is used to provide power to the charging pile 4.

[0263] It should be noted that the charging network may include a charging pile 4 and an energy storage device 1 provided in this embodiment. The charging pile 4 and the battery device in the energy storage device 1 are electrically connected via a cable, and the battery device can provide its stored electrical energy to the charging pile 4. The charging pile 4 has a connector 401, which can be connected to electrical equipment (such as a vehicle) to replenish the energy of the electrical equipment. The energy storage device 1 may be located inside the charging pile 4 (e.g., an integrated charging and energy storage unit) or outside the charging pile 4. By using the energy storage device 1 provided in the above embodiment, the reliability of the charging network can be effectively improved, and the flexibility of the charging network during deployment can also be enhanced.

[0264] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized by, The energy storage device comprises: a box body having a top wall and a bottom wall arranged in a gravity direction, and a side wall connected between the top wall and the bottom wall; a battery device arranged in the box body; a thermal management component arranged in the box body and used for adjusting a temperature of the battery device; a liquid cooling system connected with the thermal management component and forming a circulation loop, so that a heat exchange medium circulates between the liquid cooling system and the thermal management component, the liquid cooling system comprising a first heat exchange assembly, the first heat exchange assembly comprising a shell and a fan, the shell being mounted on an outer side of the side wall, and the fan being embedded in the shell.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The liquid cooling system comprises a pumping device and a first heat exchanger; the pumping device, the first heat exchanger and the thermal management component are sequentially connected, and the thermal management component is connected with the pumping device to form a cooling liquid circulation loop; the fan and the first heat exchanger are arranged in axial alignment along the fan.

3. The energy storage device of claim 2, wherein, The liquid cooling system further comprises an electric heating element arranged on the cooling liquid circulation loop.

4. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The liquid cooling system comprises a compressor, a second heat exchanger and a throttling device; the compressor, the second heat exchanger, the throttling device and the thermal management component are sequentially connected, and the thermal management component is connected with the compressor to form a refrigerant circulation loop; the fan and the second heat exchanger are arranged in axial alignment along the fan.

5. The energy storage device of claim 4, wherein, The first heat exchange assembly comprises the second heat exchanger arranged in the shell.

6. The energy storage device of claim 5, wherein, The fan is arranged in an enclosed area of the second heat exchanger.

7. The energy storage device of claim 6, wherein, The second heat exchanger comprises a first header, a plurality of first pipe bodies and a second header, flow passages of the plurality of first pipe bodies being connected in parallel between flow passages of the first header and flow passages of the second header.

8. The energy storage device of claim 7, wherein, A part of the first pipe bodies collectively form a first pipe group, and another part of the first pipe bodies collectively form a second pipe group, the first pipe group being connected between one end of the first header and one end of the second header, and the second pipe group being connected between another end of the first header and another end of the second header.

9. The energy storage device of any one of claims 4-8, wherein, The liquid cooling system comprises a second heat exchange assembly arranged in the box body, one side of the second heat exchange assembly facing the first heat exchange assembly is provided with a first interface and a second interface, one side of the shell facing the second heat exchange assembly is provided with a third interface and a fourth interface, the first interface and the third interface are detachably connected through a first pipe, the second interface and the fourth interface are detachably connected through a second pipe, and the first interface, the second interface, the third interface and the fourth interface are all arranged in the refrigerant circulation loop.

10. The energy storage device of claim 9, wherein, At least one of the first interface, the second interface, the third interface and the fourth interface is a quick plug connector.

11. The energy storage device of any one of claims 4-10, wherein, The liquid cooling system further comprises an electric heating element arranged on a side of the second heat exchanger away from the fan, for providing heat to the refrigerant.

12. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The side wall is provided with a first opening, and the shell closes the first opening.

13. The energy storage device of claim 12, wherein, The shell comprises a back frame and a frame body mounted on the back frame, the fan is arranged in the frame body, and the back frame is detachably mounted on the side wall.

14. The energy storage device of claim 13, wherein, The back frame is movable relative to the side wall to open or close the first opening.

15. The energy storage device of claim 14, wherein, The back frame is hinged to the side wall.

16. The energy storage device of claim 15, wherein, The energy storage device further comprises an angle constraint assembly connected between the back frame and the side wall for constraining the included angle between the back frame and the side wall.

17. The energy storage device of claim 16, wherein, The side wall is provided with a first support on the side facing the back frame, and the first support is provided with a first hole; the back frame is provided with a second support on the side facing the side wall, and the second support is provided with a sliding groove extending along the width direction of the back frame. The angle constraint assembly comprises a connecting piece, a sliding piece and a connecting rod structure, the connecting piece is mounted on the first hole, the sliding piece is slidably mounted on the sliding groove, one end of the connecting rod structure is sleeved on the connecting piece, and the other end of the connecting rod structure is sleeved on the sliding piece.

18. The energy storage device of claim 16 or 17, wherein, The side wall is provided with a first support on the side facing the back frame, and the first support is provided with a second hole; the back frame is provided with a second support on the side facing the side wall, and the second support is provided with a third hole. The angle constraint assembly comprises a supporting leg, one end of the supporting leg is inserted into the second hole, and the other end of the supporting leg is inserted into the third hole.

19. The energy storage device of any one of claims 15-18, wherein, The side wall has a first edge and a second edge opposite in a first direction perpendicular to the direction of gravity, the first opening is adjacent to the first edge and away from the second edge, and the back frame is hinged to the side of the first opening close to the first edge.

20. The energy storage device of any one of claims 13-19, wherein, The shell further comprises an encapsulation plate mounted on the side of the frame body opposite to the back frame; the fan is embeddedly mounted on the encapsulation plate, and at least one of the back frame and the frame body is provided with an air inlet hole.

21. The energy storage device of any one of claims 13-20, wherein, At least one of the back frame and the frame body is provided with a lifting ring.

22. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-21, wherein, The box is a 20-foot standard container.

23. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1-22, wherein, The box comprises a battery compartment, an electrical compartment and a liquid cooling compartment, the electrical compartment and the liquid cooling compartment are arranged on the same side of the battery compartment, the battery device and the heat management component are arranged in the battery compartment, the electrical compartment is used for placing a power distribution module or a control module of the energy storage device, the liquid cooling system comprises a second heat exchange assembly, the second heat exchange assembly is arranged in the liquid cooling compartment, and the first heat exchange assembly is arranged outside the liquid cooling compartment.

24. An energy storage system characterized by, The energy storage system comprises a plurality of energy storage devices as claimed in any one of claims 1-23, and the energy storage devices are arranged in a matrix. In at least one group of two energy storage devices arranged side by side, the first heat exchange assembly is arranged on the side away from each other.

25. A charging network characterized by, The charging network comprises a charging pile and an energy storage system as claimed in claim 24, the charging pile is electrically connected with the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is used for providing electric energy for the charging pile.

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