Condensing system
By combining a heavy oil separation unit and a segmented condensation unit with a cyclone separator, the problems of separating and segmenting condensation of high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas were solved, improving the quality and utilization efficiency of pyrolysis oil and realizing the effective separation and utilization of light and heavy oil.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
There are no reports on existing technologies for separating high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas and further separating pyrolysis oil, resulting in low component utilization efficiency of pyrolysis oil and difficulty in maximizing its value.
The system employs a heavy oil separation device and a segmented condensation device, combined with a cyclone separator. Through an independently controllable cooling section and stirring components, it achieves the separation and segmented condensation of high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas. Indirect heat exchange and scraper removal of adhering oil ensure heat transfer efficiency.
It achieves effective separation and segmented condensation of high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas, improves the quality and utilization efficiency of pyrolysis oil, enhances the separation effect of light oil and heavy oil, and increases the utilization value of light oil as a chemical raw material.
Smart Images
Figure CN224086381U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of high-temperature oil and gas condensation and separation, and in particular to a condensation system for separating high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas. Background Technology
[0002] High-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas from organic pyrolysis processes mainly consist of pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas. The distillation range of the pyrolysis oil varies depending on the type of organic matter. For example, the distillation range of pyrolysis oil from plastic pyrolysis is typically 30℃-450℃. Currently, high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas are mainly separated by condensation; further separation of the pyrolysis oil has not been reported. The composition of pyrolysis oil mainly includes light oils with lower molecular weights and heavy oils with higher molecular weights. Light oils mainly contain organic substances below C5-C10, such as alkanes and alkenes, with a distillation range generally between 30℃ and 200℃. Heavy oils mainly contain organic substances of C20-C50 and above, with a distillation range generally between 350 and 550℃, such as long-chain alkanes, cycloalkanes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Pyrolysis oil can be separated into light oil and heavy oil based on different fractions. Light oil, as a raw material, can be used to produce various organic chemical products. Further processing of pyrolysis oil yields ethylene, propylene, butene, etc., which are important chemical raw materials used in the production of plastics, synthetic fibers, lubricants, rubber, etc. Heavy oil can be used as fuel for power generation, heating, or further catalytic cracking. Therefore, further separation of pyrolysis oil to obtain oil products of different fractions maximizes the value of pyrolysis oil. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application proposes a condensation system for separating high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas.
[0004] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0005] A condensation system includes a heavy oil separation device and a segmented condensation device. The heavy oil separation device includes an outer jacket for cooling water flow and a stirring assembly arranged inside the outer jacket. The upper end of the heavy oil separation device is provided with an oil and gas inlet, the lower end is provided with an oil and gas outlet, and the bottom is connected to an oil storage tank for collecting condensed oil. The oil and gas outlet is connected to the segmented condensation device through a pipeline.
[0006] A segmented condenser includes three or more cooling sections arranged from top to bottom. Each cooling section includes a tube side for the flow of high-temperature oil and gas and a shell side for the flow of cooling medium. The shell side encloses the tube side, and the two can exchange heat.
[0007] In one implementation, the outer casing includes an independently controllable upper cooling section, a middle cooling section, and a lower cooling section. Each cooling section is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water outlet is higher than the water inlet by H, and H can be in the range of 10-50cm.
[0008] In one embodiment, the stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft disposed at the center of the inner cavity of the outer jacket and a scraper disposed on the stirring shaft.
[0009] In one implementation, the gas inlet at the upper end of the pipe is connected to the oil and gas outlet of the heavy oil separator via a pipeline, and a gas outlet is located at the lower end of the pipe. An oil buffer tank is located downstream of the gas outlet on the pipe side.
[0010] The lower end of the shell side has a cooling medium inlet, and the upper end of the shell side has a cooling medium outlet.
[0011] The two tubes of two adjacent cooling sections are connected by a gas chamber, and the gas outlet and oil buffer tank of the tubes are enclosed in the gas chamber.
[0012] In one implementation, the oil buffer tank is designed with an overflow port that extends to the outside of the gas chamber.
[0013] In one implementation, when the liquid level in the oil buffer tank reaches the overflow port height, the distillate oil is automatically overflowed and discharged.
[0014] In one implementation, the overflow port is 10-20 cm higher than the gas outlet in the tube.
[0015] In one embodiment, the condensation system of this application further includes a cyclone separator for separating dust from high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas, and the cyclone separator has a heating function.
[0016] In one embodiment, the cyclone separator includes a primary cyclone separator and a secondary cyclone separator.
[0017] In summary, the condensation system for separating high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas in this application can separate pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, and can also separate pyrolysis oil in stages, which not only improves the quality of pyrolysis oil, but also improves the utilization efficiency of pyrolysis oil. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the condensation system of this application.
[0019] In the diagram, 1-Cyclone separator; 1-1, Primary cyclone separator; 1-2, Secondary cyclone separator; 1-3, High-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas inlet;
[0020] 2-Heavy oil separator; 2-1, Agitator shaft; 2-2, Scraper; 2-3, Upper section water outlet; 2-4, Upper section water inlet; 2-5, Middle section water outlet; 2-6, Middle section water inlet; 2-7, Lower section water outlet; 2-8, Lower section water inlet; 2-9, Oil storage tank
[0021] 3-Segmented cooler; 3-1, Shell side; 3-2, Tube side; 3-3, Gas outlet; 3-4, Oil buffer tank; 3-5, Overflow port; 3-6, Cooling medium outlet; 3-7, Cooling medium inlet; 3-8, Non-condensable gas outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to its embodiments.
[0023] The condensation system of this application is used to separate high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas, including a heavy oil separation device and a segmented condensation device;
[0024] The heavy oil separator is used to condense the high-fraction oil in high-temperature oil and gas to obtain condensed oil; the condensed oil fraction is between 350℃ and 500℃. The heavy oil separator includes an outer jacket for cooling water flow and a stirring assembly arranged inside the jacket. An oil and gas inlet is located at the upper end of the separator, and an oil and gas outlet is located at the lower end. A storage tank is connected to the bottom to collect the condensed oil. The oil and gas inlet is connected to an upstream cyclone separator; the oil and gas outlet is connected to a segmented condenser via pipeline.
[0025] The outer casing comprises independently controllable upper, middle, and lower cooling sections, each equipped with an inlet and an outlet, with the outlet extending above the inlet by a height H. Depending on the height of the heavy oil separator, H can range from 10 to 50 cm.
[0026] The stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft arranged in the center of the inner cavity of the outer jacket and scrapers arranged on the stirring shaft. Due to the high viscosity of heavy oil, condensed oil easily adheres to the sidewalls of the outer jacket during the condensation and separation process. By scraping off the condensed oil adhering to the sidewalls, the heat transfer efficiency of the sidewalls is ensured.
[0027] The high-temperature oil and gas separated from the heavy oil separator is usually around 350°C and enters the segmented condenser through the oil and gas outlet.
[0028] A segmented condenser is used to separate pyrolysis oils into different fractions. The segmented condenser achieves condensation through indirect heat exchange. It comprises three or more cooling sections arranged from top to bottom, namely, the first cooling section, the second cooling section, the third cooling section, and the nth cooling section. The number of 'n' is determined by the desired distillation range of the oil to be fractionated. Each cooling section includes a tube side for the flow of high-temperature oil vapors and a shell side for the flow of the cooling medium. The shell side surrounds the tube side, allowing for heat exchange between them.
[0029] The gas inlet at the upper end of the pipe is connected to the oil and gas outlet of the heavy oil separator through a pipeline. The gas outlet is located at the lower end of the pipe, and an oil buffer tank is located downstream of the gas outlet.
[0030] The lower end of the shell side has a cooling medium inlet 3-7, and the upper end of the shell side has a cooling medium outlet 3-6. The cooling medium flows in the shell side and exchanges heat with the pyrolysis oil and gas flowing in the tube side.
[0031] The two tubes of two adjacent cooling sections are connected by a gas chamber. The gas outlet of the tubes and the oil buffer tank are enclosed within the gas chamber. The oil buffer tank is designed with an overflow port that extends to the outside of the gas chamber. When the liquid level in the oil buffer tank reaches the overflow port height, the distillate oil automatically overflows and is discharged. In one embodiment, the overflow port is 10-20 cm higher than the gas outlet of the tubes.
[0032] In one embodiment, the condensation system of this application further includes a cyclone separator for separating dust from the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas. The cyclone separator has a heating function to ensure that the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas does not condense within the cyclone separator, and to control the temperature to be consistent with the temperature of the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas. In one embodiment, the cyclone separator includes a primary cyclone separator and a secondary cyclone separator to ensure that all dust in the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas is separated out.
[0033] In one embodiment, a schematic diagram of the condensation system of this application is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.
[0034] The temperature of the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas produced in the pyrolysis process is typically in the range of 400℃-500℃. The high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas mainly consists of pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, with the pyrolysis oil having a distillation range of 100℃ to 450℃. The condensation system described in this application is used for staged condensation of the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas.
[0035] One embodiment of the condensation system in this application is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas first pass through a cyclone separator with heating function to separate the dust carried in the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas. The separation principle of the cyclone separator is mainly inertial dust removal. Its heating function is to ensure that the high-temperature pyrolysis gas does not condense in the cyclone separator and to control the temperature of the cyclone separator to be consistent with the temperature of the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas. In this embodiment, the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas passes through two-stage cyclone separators (1-1, 1-2) to fully separate the dust it carries. Then, the high-temperature pyrolysis gas enters the heavy oil separation device 2.
[0036] The heavy oil separation unit 2 is used to condense the high-fraction pyrolysis oil in the high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas. Typically, the high-fraction oil is in the range of 350℃-500℃. The heavy oil separation unit includes an outer casing and a stirring assembly arranged inside the outer casing. The upper end of the heavy oil separation unit is equipped with an oil and gas inlet, and the lower end is equipped with an oil and gas outlet. The bottom is connected to an oil storage tank 2-9 for collecting the condensed oil. The oil and gas inlet is connected to an upstream cyclone separator. The oil and gas outlet is connected to a segmented condenser unit 3 through a pipeline.
[0037] The outer casing comprises three independently controllable cooling sections arranged sequentially from top to bottom: an upper cooling section, a middle cooling section, and a lower cooling section. The upper cooling section has upper water inlet 2-4 and upper water outlet 2-3 arranged on its side wall; the middle cooling section has middle water inlet 2-6 and middle water outlet 2-5 arranged on its side wall; and the lower cooling section has lower water outlet 2-7 and lower water inlet 2-8 arranged on its side wall. Based on the temperature at the oil and gas outlet, the three cooling sections can be independently and controllably adjusted to maintain the outlet temperature at approximately 350℃.
[0038] In each cooling section, the outlet is H higher than the inlet. Depending on the height of the heavy oil separator, H can be in the range of 10-50cm.
[0039] The stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft 2-1 arranged in the center of the inner cavity of the outer jacket and scrapers 2-2 arranged on the stirring shaft. Because the heavy oil in the distillation section has a high viscosity in the range of 350℃-500℃, the condensed oil easily adheres to the sidewalls of the outer jacket during the condensation separation process. By using scrapers to remove the condensed oil adhering to the sidewalls, the heat transfer effect of the sidewalls is ensured.
[0040] The high-temperature oil and gas separated from the heavy oil separator 2 is usually around 350°C. The high-temperature oil and gas enters the segmented condenser 3 through the oil and gas outlet.
[0041] The segmented condenser 3 is used to separate pyrolysis oil from different fractions. The segmented condenser 3 employs indirect heat exchange for condensation and includes three cooling sections arranged from top to bottom: the first cooling section, the second cooling section, and the third cooling section. Each cooling section comprises a tube side 3-2 for the flow of high-temperature oil and gas and a shell side 3-1 for the flow of the cooling medium. The shell side 3-1 surrounds the tube side 3-2, allowing for heat exchange between the two.
[0042] The gas inlet at the upper end of pipe 3-2 is connected to the oil and gas outlet of the heavy oil separator through a pipeline. A gas outlet 3-3 is arranged at the lower end of pipe 3-2. An oil buffer tank 3-4 is arranged downstream of the gas outlet in pipe 3-2. The oil buffer tank is equipped with an overflow port 3-5.
[0043] A segmented condenser is used to separate pyrolysis oil from different distillation fractions. During condensation, high-temperature pyrolysis oil gas enters from the upper first cooling section. The cooling medium is heat transfer oil at a temperature of 150℃-200℃. The pyrolysis oil gas flows through the tubes, while the heat transfer oil flows through the shell. In the first cooling section, the distillation oil with a distillation range of 250℃-350℃ is cooled and liquefied, entering the oil buffer tank. When the liquid level in the oil buffer tank reaches the overflow port height, the oil automatically overflows and is discharged without manual intervention. In this embodiment, the overflow port height is lower than the gas outlet height, thus ensuring gas discharge, and the oil level acts as a gas seal. After cooling in the first cooling section, the pyrolysis oil gas temperature is around 250℃, and it exits from the gas outlet on the tube side of the first cooling section into the gas chamber, subsequently entering the tube side of the second cooling section.
[0044] In the second cooling section, the heat transfer medium is hot water, flowing through the shell side. The hot water temperature is in the range of 80℃-90℃. High-temperature oil and gas flow through the tube side, exchanging heat with the hot water in the shell side. This liquefies the distillate oil with a distillation range of 150℃-250℃ and sends it into the oil buffer tank. When the liquid level in the oil buffer tank reaches the overflow port height, the oil automatically overflows and is discharged. After being cooled in the second cooling section, the pyrolysis oil and gas temperature is 150℃. It is discharged from the gas outlet of the tube side in the second cooling section, enters the gas chamber, and then enters the tube side of the third cooling section.
[0045] In the third cooling section, the cooling medium is cold water at 5℃-10℃, which liquefies the distillate oil with a distillation range of 30℃-150℃ and sends it into the oil buffer tank. When the liquid level in the oil buffer tank reaches the overflow port height, the oil automatically overflows and is discharged. After cooling, the temperature of the pyrolysis oil gas is 20-30℃. It enters the gas chamber from the gas outlet on the tube side of the third cooling section and is finally discharged from the exhaust port 3-8 of the gas chamber. The gas discharged from the exhaust port 3-8 is non-condensable gas, mainly containing gases with fewer than 4 carbon atoms, such as H2, CO, and CH4.
[0046] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A condensation system, characterized in that, Includes heavy oil separation unit and segmented condensation unit, The heavy oil separator includes an outer jacket for cooling water flow and a stirring assembly arranged inside the outer jacket. The upper end of the heavy oil separator is provided with an oil and gas inlet, the lower end is provided with an oil and gas outlet, and the bottom is connected to an oil storage tank for collecting condensed oil. The oil and gas outlet is connected to a segmented condensation unit through a pipeline. A segmented condenser includes three or more cooling sections arranged from top to bottom. Each cooling section includes a tube side for the flow of high-temperature oil and gas and a shell side for the flow of cooling medium. The shell side encloses the tube side, and the two can exchange heat.
2. The condensation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer casing includes an independently controllable upper cooling section, a middle cooling section, and a lower cooling section. Each cooling section is equipped with an inlet and an outlet, with the outlet being H higher than the inlet, where H can be in the range of 10-50cm.
3. The condensation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft arranged in the center of the inner cavity of the outer jacket and scrapers arranged on the stirring shaft.
4. The condensation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas inlet at the upper end of the tube is connected to the oil and gas outlet of the heavy oil separator via a pipeline. A gas outlet is located at the lower end of the tube, and an oil buffer tank is located downstream of the gas outlet. The lower end of the shell side has a cooling medium inlet, and the upper end of the shell side has a cooling medium outlet. The two tubes of two adjacent cooling sections are connected by a gas chamber, and the gas outlet and oil buffer tank of the tubes are enclosed in the gas chamber.
5. The condensation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil buffer tank is designed with an overflow port that extends to the outside of the gas chamber.
6. The condensation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the liquid level in the oil buffer tank reaches the overflow port height, the distillate oil will automatically overflow and be discharged.
7. The condensation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The overflow port is 10-20cm higher than the gas outlet of the tube.
8. The condensation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It also includes a cyclone separator for separating dust from high-temperature pyrolysis oil and gas, and the cyclone separator has a heating function.
9. The condensation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cyclone separator consists of a primary cyclone separator and a secondary cyclone separator.