Lithium battery charger adopting PFC and LLC topological structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a lithium battery charger adopting a PFC and LLC topological structure, which comprises a charger shell, a control module and a heat dissipation module, the control module and the heat dissipation module are arranged in the charger shell, and the control module comprises a PFC circuit, a power conversion circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, an RS485 communication circuit and a display screen circuit. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the lithium battery charger aims to improve power factor and conversion efficiency, reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI), visually display charging information and battery electric quantity percentage through the display screen, improve user charging experience and prolong the service life of the battery.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to lithium electricity charger field especially, it relates to a kind of lithium electricity charger using PFC plus LLC topological structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium ion battery charger is widely used in the occasion needing high safety and long life battery due to its high safety, long life and environmental protection pollution-free characteristics, but traditional lithium electricity charger has low power factor, low efficiency, EMI and other problems.PFC circuit can improve power factor, LLC topological structure can realize high-efficiency power conversion.Combining both can effectively solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the utility model aims at providing a kind of lithium electricity charger using PFC plus LLC topological structure to solve at least one problem existing in prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A kind of lithium electricity charger using PFC plus LLC topological structure, including charger shell and its inside control module and heat dissipation module, the control module includes PFC circuit, power conversion circuit, auxiliary power supply circuit, RS485 communication circuit and display screen circuit, the heat dissipation module, PFC circuit, RS485 communication circuit are connected with power conversion circuit communication, RS485 communication circuit is also connected with display screen circuit communication, auxiliary power supply circuit is also connected with PFC circuit, power conversion circuit, RS485 communication circuit and display screen circuit electrically;

[0006] The charger shell includes upper cover, base and display screen, the upper cover is installed on the base, the upper cover and base form hollow cavity structure, control module and heat dissipation module are installed in the hollow cavity structure, and the display screen is installed on the upper cover.

[0007] Further, the upper cover is provided with L-shaped groove structure around the lower side, the base is provided with L-shaped convex edge around the top, and the L-shaped convex edge is used in cooperation with the L-shaped groove structure.

[0008] Further, the upper cover is provided with one clamping block on each side, the base is provided with one clamping slot on each side, and the clamping block is used in cooperation with the clamping slot.

[0009] Further, the upper cover is provided with one limiting column on each corner of the bottom, the base is provided with one limiting slot on each corner of the bottom, and the limiting column is used in cooperation with the limiting slot.

[0010] Further, the base is provided with heat dissipation grid on each side.

[0011] Further, the base is further provided with an AC power interface and a DC battery connection socket respectively on one side.

[0012] Further, the PFC circuit comprises a power chip U101 and resistors R116, R118, a thermistor NTC2, a triode Q105, resistors R106, R107, R114, capacitors C108, C107, C109, R109, C110, R110, R111, C112, C111, C113, R121 and R121A connected with the power chip U101, the resistor R106 is connected with an EM1 circuit and a capacitor C101 through a rectifier bridge BD1, the resistor R107 is connected with a core inductor T2 and a diode D101, the core inductor T2 is connected with a triode Q101, a capacitor C102, a triode Q102 and a diode D103, the triode Q101 is connected with a resistor R115 and a diode D104, the triode Q102 is connected with a resistor R117 and a diode D10, the diode D101 is connected with a capacitor C104 and a capacitor C315, the triode Q105 is connected with a triode Q5 and a resistor R27, the triode Q5 is connected with a resistor R26 and a resistor R28, the resistor R28 is connected with a diode ZD1 through a triode Q6, the diode ZD1 is connected with a capacitor C19 and a resistor R29, the resistor R107 is connected with a resistor R108, the resistor R106 is connected with a resistor R104 and a resistor R103, the resistor R114 is connected with a triode Q103 and a triode Q104, the triode Q103 is connected with a resistor R112 and a resistor R113, and the resistor R120 is connected with a resistor R119A through a resistor R119.

[0013] Further, the power conversion circuit comprises a modulation control circuit and processing circuit, voltage loop circuit, current loop circuit and output overvoltage protection circuit connected with the modulation control circuit.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the lithium battery charger adopting the PFC plus LLC topology structure has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) The lithium battery charger adopting the PFC plus LLC topology structure has the following advantages: the lithium battery charger is used for improving the power factor and conversion efficiency, reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI), and directly displaying the charging information and battery percentage through a display screen, thereby improving the user charging experience and battery service life.

[0016] (2) The lithium battery charger with PFC plus LLC topology structure has a display screen, and can dynamically update the charging progress of the battery and real-time feedback the percentage of the charged lithium battery through the RS485 communication mode.

[0017] (3) The lithium battery charger with PFC plus LLC topology structure has an intelligent diagnosis function. Through the built-in sensor and circuit, it can monitor the voltage, current and temperature of the battery in real time, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the health status of the battery. This intelligent diagnosis can not only quickly find the problems of the battery, but also predict the remaining life of the battery, and provide scientific battery management suggestions for users. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this description, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The embodiments illustrated in the drawings are provided to explain the present application and, to provide no improper limitations on the present application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 The upper cover front view schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 The upper cover bottom view schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 The base plan view schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 The PFC circuit schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 The power conversion circuit schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 The auxiliary power supply circuit schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 The RS485 communication circuit schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9 The display screen circuit schematic view of the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Reference signs:

[0029] 1, charger housing; 11, upper cover; 111, L-shaped groove structure; 112, clamping block; 113, limiting column; 12, base; 121, L-shaped convex edge; 122, clamping groove; 123, limiting groove; 124, heat dissipation grid; 125, AC power interface; 126, DC battery connection socket; 13, display screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0033] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] As Figures 1 to 9As shown, a lithium battery charger with PFC plus LLC topology includes a charger housing 1 and its internal control module and heat dissipation module, the control module includes PFC circuit, power conversion circuit, auxiliary power supply circuit, RS485 communication circuit and display screen circuit, the heat dissipation module, PFC circuit, RS485 communication circuit are all in communication connection with power conversion circuit, RS485 communication circuit is also in communication connection with display screen circuit, auxiliary power supply circuit is also all in electrical connection with PFC circuit, power conversion circuit, RS485 communication circuit and display screen circuit;

[0035] The charger housing 1 includes an upper cover 11, a base 12 and a display screen 13, the base 12 is provided with the upper cover 11, the upper cover 11 and the base 12 form a hollow cavity structure, the control module and the heat dissipation module are installed in the hollow cavity structure, and the display screen 13 is installed above the upper cover 11.

[0036] The advantages of the lithium battery charger are:

[0037] The lithium battery charger aims to improve power factor and conversion efficiency, reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI), and intuitively display charging information and battery percentage through the display screen, improve user charging experience and battery service life.

[0038] The lithium battery charger is equipped with a display screen, which can dynamically update the charging progress of the battery through RS485 communication, and real-time feedback of the percentage of the charged lithium battery. Through the screen display of the power information, the user can clearly understand the current charging state of the electric vehicle, which is a very practical function in daily use.

[0039] The lithium battery charger also has intelligent diagnosis function. Through the built-in sensor and circuit, it can monitor the voltage, current and temperature of the battery in real time, so as to realize the real-time monitoring of the battery health. This intelligent diagnosis can not only quickly find the problems of the battery, but also can predict the remaining life of the battery, and provide scientific battery management suggestions for users.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the upper cover 11 is provided with an L-shaped groove structure 111 below the periphery, and the base 12 is provided with an L-shaped convex edge 121 on the top periphery, the L-shaped convex edge 121 is used in cooperation with the L-shaped groove structure 111, in actual use, the L-shaped groove structure 111 and the L-shaped convex edge 121 can be stacked up and down, so that the external connection of the upper cover 11 and the base 12 is a smooth surface, and the charger housing 1 is also improved in appearance.

[0041] In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the upper cover 11 is provided with a clamping block 112 on each side, the base 12 is provided with a clamping groove 122 on each side, and the clamping block 112 is used in cooperation with the clamping groove 122; in actual use, the clamping block 112 and the clamping groove 122 are both made of flexible material, so that the clamping block 112 and the clamping groove 122 can be clamped together or separated, thereby facilitating the opening or closing of the charger shell 1.

[0042] In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the upper cover 11 is provided with a clamping block 112 on each side, the base 12 is provided with a clamping groove 122 on each side, and the clamping block 112 is used in cooperation with the clamping groove 122; in actual use, the clamping block 112 and the clamping groove 122 are both made of flexible material, so that the clamping block 112 and the clamping groove 122 can be clamped together or separated, thereby facilitating the opening or closing of the charger shell 1.

[0043] In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the base 12 is provided with a heat dissipation grid 124 on each side, and the heat dissipation grid 124 can cooperate with a heat dissipation module to achieve rapid heat dissipation of the lithium battery charger; in this embodiment, the heat dissipation module is an existing heat dissipation device, which can prevent the charger from overheating and ensure its efficient and stable operation.

[0044] In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the base 12 is provided with an AC power interface 125 and a DC battery connection socket 126 on each side, the AC power interface 125 is used to connect an external power supply to provide power for the charger, and the DC battery connection socket 126 is used to connect a lithium battery for charging transmission.

[0045] In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the PFC circuit includes power supply chip U101 and the resistance R116, resistance R118, thermistor NTC2, triode Q105, resistance R106, resistance R107, resistance R114, capacitor C108, resistance R120, capacitor C107, capacitor C109, resistance R109, capacitor C110, resistance R110, resistance R111, capacitor C112, capacitor C111, capacitor C113, resistance R121 and resistance R121A connected with it, the resistance R106 is connected with EM1 circuit, capacitor C101 through rectifier bridge BD1 respectively, resistance R107 is connected with core inductance T2, diode D101 respectively, core inductance T2 is connected with triode Q101, capacitor C102, triode Q102, diode D103 respectively, triode Q101 is connected with resistance R115, diode D104 respectively, triode Q102 is connected with resistance R117, diode D10 respectively, diode D101 is connected with capacitor C104, capacitor C315 respectively, triode Q105 is connected with triode Q5, resistance R27 respectively, triode Q5 is connected with resistance R26, resistance R28 respectively, resistance R28 is connected with diode ZD1 through triode Q6, diode ZD1 is connected with capacitor C19, resistance R29 respectively, resistance R107 is connected with resistance R108, resistance R106 is connected with resistance R104, resistance R103 respectively, resistance R114 is connected with triode Q103, triode Q104 respectively, triode Q103 is connected with resistance R112, resistance R113 respectively, resistance R120 is connected with resistance R119A through resistance R119, in the embodiment, PFC circuit: by controlling the conduction and shutdown of switch tube, adjusts input current waveform, makes it with input voltage same phase, improves power factor.

[0046] In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the power conversion circuit includes modulation control circuit and the processing circuit, voltage loop circuit, current loop circuit and output overvoltage protection circuit connected with it, wherein, modulation control circuit includes control chip U301, resistance R302, capacitor C312 etc., processing circuit includes amplifier U8A, amplifier U8B, amplifier U10 etc., voltage loop circuit includes resistance R412, resistance R90, resistance R92 etc., current loop circuit includes resistance R425, resistance R94, resistance R96 etc., output overvoltage protection circuit includes resistance R22, resistance R8, resistance R9 etc., in the embodiment, power conversion circuit (LLC): by resonant frequency regulation output voltage, realizes zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) and improves efficiency, and MCU realizes accurate control to charging current and voltage by control signal, ensures battery safe charging simultaneously, frequency modulation (PFM) or pulse width modulation (PWM) is adopted.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the auxiliary power supply circuit includes control chip U5 and its peripheral circuit, in this embodiment, the auxiliary power supply circuit: through the auxiliary power supply circuit power supply chip (MCU), PWM controller, relay, digital tube and other circuit for power supply, provide stable voltage for driving circuit, ensure the reliable switching of power switching device, and the auxiliary power supply circuit can work preferentially when the charger starts, provide pre-charging function for main circuit, avoid the current impact when the main circuit starts, improve system reliability.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the RS485 communication circuit includes control chip U1, LED lamp and its peripheral circuit, in this embodiment, the RS485 communication circuit: real-time monitoring battery parameters, such as voltage, current, temperature and the like, and analyzing battery state, providing intelligent diagnosis function.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the display screen circuit, in this embodiment, the display screen: show charging progress, percentage of electric quantity, battery state and other information, facilitate user to view and understand.

[0050] The core of the scheme is to improve the power factor through the PFC circuit, then realize high-efficiency power conversion through power conversion circuit (LLC), and through RS485 communication module, real-time monitoring battery parameters, analyzing battery state and adjusting electric quantity distribution, realize safe and efficient, intelligent charging experience.Screen display function provides intuitive charging information and battery state feedback for user, facilitate user to master battery use condition.

[0051] The principle of the lithium battery charger is as follows:

[0052] The main structure of this lithium-ion charger circuit is implemented using a combination of a PFC circuit and an LLC circuit. The PFC circuit adopts a Boost topology, using a microcontroller (MCU) to change the PWM waveform, thereby altering the current reference in the loop and adjusting the current output to be in phase with the input voltage, thus improving the power factor. The LLC circuit uses resonant frequency modulation to switch the current and voltage, employing frequency regulation (PFM) or pulse width modulation (PWM) to improve efficiency. The auxiliary power supply circuit provides a stable low-voltage power output to the charger's MCU, PWM controller, relays, display screen, etc., ensuring the stable operation of these control circuits. By combining an RS485 communication circuit with a power supply main control chip (MCU), the system enables real-time monitoring and analysis of parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature during lithium battery charging. The charging progress and battery percentage are displayed intuitively on the screen. The system controls the output current and voltage according to a preset program. Simultaneously, the charger adjusts the fan speed based on the charging status. During high-efficiency charging, the fan operates at maximum power for timely heat dissipation and safe charging. During trickle charging (low current), the fan speed decreases to conserve energy. The auxiliary power supply circuit monitors the operating status of the main control chip (MCU), PWM controller, relays, and display screen in real time, updating the display information based on the charging progress and battery percentage (SOC). The display screen shows the battery's current charging status information in real time, including SOC information and operating status information. When a charger malfunctions during charging, the display screen will show the corresponding fault information based on the cause or status code. The user can then troubleshoot the fault according to the displayed fault code. At the same time, the charger will determine whether the current status meets the conditions for continuing charging based on the diagnostic results. If it is determined that charging can continue, the charger will control the current and voltage within a safe range and monitor the battery in real time. Once any abnormality occurs, the charger will stop charging while issuing a warning.

[0053] It should be noted that this application does not improve the control program, and the control program and electrical components involved are all prior art.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lithium battery charger employing a PFC plus LLC topology, characterized in that: The device includes a charger housing and its internal control module and heat dissipation module. The control module includes a PFC circuit, a power conversion circuit, an auxiliary power circuit, an RS485 communication circuit, and a display screen circuit. The heat dissipation module, PFC circuit, and RS485 communication circuit are all communicatively connected to the power conversion circuit. The RS485 communication circuit is also communicatively connected to the display screen circuit. The auxiliary power circuit is also electrically connected to the PFC circuit, the power conversion circuit, the RS485 communication circuit, and the display screen circuit. The charger housing includes a top cover, a base, and a display screen. The top cover is installed on top of the base, and the top cover and the base together form a hollow cavity structure. A control module and a heat dissipation module are installed inside the hollow cavity structure, and the display screen is installed on top of the top cover.

2. A lithium battery charger employing a PFC plus LLC topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower periphery of the upper cover is provided with an L-shaped groove structure, and the top periphery of the base is provided with an L-shaped protrusion edge, which is used in conjunction with the L-shaped groove structure.

3. A lithium battery charger employing a PFC plus LLC topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover has a locking block on each side, and the base has a locking slot on each side. The locking blocks and the locking slots work together.

4. A lithium battery charger employing a PFC plus LLC topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover has a limiting post at each of its four bottom corners, and the base has a limiting groove at each of its four bottom corners. The limiting posts and limiting grooves work together.

5. A lithium battery charger employing a PFC plus LLC topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base has heat dissipation grilles on both sides.

6. A lithium battery charger employing a PFC plus LLC topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base also has an AC power interface and a DC battery connection port on one side.

7. A lithium battery charger employing a PFC plus LLC topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PFC circuit includes a power supply chip U101 and resistors R116, R118, thermistor NTC2, transistor Q105, resistors R106, R107, R114, capacitors C108, R120, C107, C109, R109, C110, R110, R111, C112, C111, C113, R121, and R121A. Resistor R106 is connected to the EM1 circuit and capacitor C101 via rectifier bridge BD1. Resistor R107 is connected to the iron-core inductor T2 and diode D101. Iron-core inductor T2 is connected to transistor Q101, capacitor C102, transistor Q102, and diode D103. Transistor Q101 is connected to resistor R115 and diode D104. Transistor Q102 is connected to resistor R117 and diode D10. Diode D101 is connected to capacitor C104 and capacitor C315. Transistor Q105 is connected to transistor Q5 and resistor R27. Transistor Q5 is connected to resistors R26 and R28. Resistor R28 is connected to diode ZD1 through transistor Q6. Diode ZD1 is connected to capacitor C19 and resistor R29. Resistor R107 is connected to resistor R108. Resistor R106 is connected to resistors R104 and R103. Resistor R114 is connected to transistors Q103 and Q104. Transistor Q103 is connected to resistors R112 and R113. Resistor R120 is connected to resistor R119A through resistor R119.

8. A lithium battery charger employing a PFC plus LLC topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power conversion circuit includes a modulation control circuit and a processing circuit, a voltage loop circuit, a current loop circuit, and an output overvoltage protection circuit, all connected to it.

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