Brush motor
By introducing guide elements and air intake channels into the brushed motor, the gas pressure generated by the rotation of the motor commutator is used to drive the lubricating oil flow, which solves the problem of friction loss when the motor brush filaments come into contact with the commutator, achieving long-term effective lubrication and improving the efficiency and lifespan of the motor.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
In brushed motors, frictional losses and contact resistance when the motor brush filaments contact the commutator result in low energy conversion efficiency, and existing lubricants cannot effectively reduce frictional losses in the long term.
A flow guide is used to direct the lubricating oil in the oil storage area to the contact surface between the motor brush filaments and the commutator. The gas pressure generated by the rotation of the motor commutator is used to push the lubricating oil through the air intake channel to achieve long-term effective lubrication.
It reduces frictional losses between the motor brush filaments and the commutator, extends motor life, and improves energy conversion efficiency and smoothness of motion.
Smart Images
Figure CN224097560U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of motor technology, and more specifically, to a brushed motor. Background Technology
[0002] In brushed motors, the motor brush filaments experience frictional losses during contact with the commutator, increasing maintenance costs and limiting the motor's lifespan. Furthermore, the relatively high contact resistance between the brush filaments and the commutator causes the motor to generate significant heat during operation, increasing energy consumption and potentially affecting performance and lifespan. Ultimately, the contact resistance and frictional losses between the brush filaments and the commutator reduce the energy conversion efficiency of the brushed motor.
[0003] To reduce frictional losses during the contact between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator, high-viscosity lubricating oil is usually applied to the motor brush filaments in one go. However, as the motor runs, the lubricating oil will separate from the contact area between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator, failing to provide long-term effective lubrication and thus limiting the reduction of frictional losses during the contact between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator.
[0004] Therefore, how to achieve long-term and effective lubrication of brushed motors and reduce frictional losses has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a brushed motor in which lubricating oil plays a long-term and effective lubricating role, thereby reducing the frictional loss of the brushed motor.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A brushed motor, comprising:
[0008] A conductive component, the conductive component including motor brush filaments and a rotatable motor commutator, wherein the motor brush filaments are in contact with the motor commutator;
[0009] The lubrication assembly includes a guide member and an oil reservoir for storing lubricating oil. One end of the guide member is in contact with the motor brush filaments, and the other end of the guide member is located in the oil reservoir. The oil reservoir is connected to an air intake channel, and the air intake port of the air intake channel is oriented towards the motor commutator.
[0010] Optionally, in the brushed motor described above, the guide member includes a wetting strip, and the oil storage area is provided with at least two baffles, and each of the baffles is staggered to form a labyrinth space for installing the wetting strip between two adjacent baffles, and the wetting strip is installed in the labyrinth space.
[0011] Optionally, in the brushed motor described above, the oil storage area is provided with an oil outlet, the wetting strip passes through the oil outlet, and the distance between the oil outlet and the labyrinth space is 10μm to 100μm.
[0012] Optionally, in the brushed motor described above, the end of the motor brush filament that contacts the motor commutator is provided with a bent portion, the bent portion is bent in a direction away from the motor commutator, and the opening direction of the air inlet is opposite to the bending direction of the bent portion.
[0013] Optionally, the brushed motor described above also includes a motor mount, on which both the conductive component and the lubrication component are mounted.
[0014] Optionally, in the brushed motor described above, the motor mount has a mounting groove for mounting the motor brush filaments, at least a portion of which is located within the mounting groove.
[0015] Optionally, in the brushed motor described above, the air intake passage is connected to the oil storage area through at least one bend.
[0016] Optionally, in the brushed motor described above, the air intake channel has a long and narrow structure, and the width of the air intake channel is 10μm to 100μm.
[0017] Optionally, in the above-mentioned brushed motor, the motor brush filaments include a plurality of coplanarly arranged metal wires, the diameter of the metal wires being 0.05mm to 0.5mm, and the interval between two adjacent metal wires being 5μm to 20μm.
[0018] Optionally, in the above-mentioned brushed motor, there are two motor brush filaments, and the two motor brush filaments are centrally symmetrically distributed along the motor commutator, and the lubrication component is adapted to the motor brush filaments.
[0019] The brushed motor provided in this application uses a lubrication assembly where one end of the guide member contacts the motor brush filaments of the conductive assembly, and the other end is located in the oil reservoir of the lubrication assembly. This guides the lubricating oil in the reservoir to the contact surface between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator, thereby reducing frictional losses caused by the contact between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator. Simultaneously, an air intake channel is provided in the oil reservoir, with the air inlet facing the motor commutator. When the brushed motor is operating, the motor commutator rotates, causing the gas pressure generated by the rotation to push the lubricating oil in the reservoir towards the guide member through the air intake channel. This achieves the effect of lubricating the contact surface between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator through the guide member. When the brushed motor stops operating, the air inlet pressure decreases, the flow of lubricating oil towards the guide member stops, and the guide member ceases its lubricating effect on the contact surface between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator.
[0020] As can be seen from the above examples, the brushed motor provided in this application guides the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir to the contact surface between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator through the flow guide, thereby achieving the effect of lubricating the contact surface between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator and reducing the frictional loss caused by the contact between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator. At the same time, the gas pressure generated by the rotation of the motor commutator can be used to push the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir towards the flow guide through the air intake channel. Thus, with a single lubrication, the lubricating oil can play a long-term and effective lubricating role in the brushed motor, effectively reducing the heat of the brushed motor, reducing the frictional loss and friction coefficient of the brushed motor, increasing the smoothness of motion, extending the life of the brushed motor, and improving the conversion efficiency of the brushed motor.
[0021] The technical features mentioned above, those to be mentioned below, and those shown individually in the accompanying drawings can be combined arbitrarily, provided that the combined technical features are not contradictory. All feasible combinations of features are the technical content explicitly described herein. Any one of the multiple sub-features contained in the same statement can be applied independently, without necessarily being applied together with other sub-features. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a brushed motor provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a brushed motor provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0025] Among them, 100 is a brushed motor, 10 is a conductive component, 20 is a lubrication component, and 30 is a motor mount;
[0026] 11 is the motor brush filament, 111 is the bend, and 12 is the motor commutator;
[0027] 21 is a flow guide, 211 is a wetting strip, 22 is an oil storage area, 221 is an air intake channel, 2211 is an air inlet, 222 is a baffle, 2221 is a labyrinth space, 223 is an oil outlet, and 224 is an oil injection hole.
[0028] 31 is the mounting slot. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The core of this application is to provide a brushed motor in which lubricating oil plays a long-term and effective lubricating role, thereby reducing the frictional loss of the brushed motor.
[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0031] A brushed motor typically consists of a stator, rotor, motor brushes, and a commutator. When DC power is applied to the commutator through the motor brushes, current flows into the rotor windings, generating armature current. The magnetic field generated by this current interacts with the stator magnetic field, producing electromagnetic torque that drives the rotor to rotate. As the rotor rotates, the commutator continuously changes the direction of the current, ensuring that the rotor magnetic field always interacts with the stator magnetic field, thus maintaining the continuous rotation of the motor.
[0032] When a brushed motor is operating, the motor brushes generate frictional losses during contact with the commutator, which not only increases maintenance costs but also limits the motor's lifespan. Furthermore, the relatively high contact resistance between the motor brushes and the commutator causes the motor to generate significant heat during operation, increasing energy consumption and potentially affecting its performance and lifespan. The contact resistance and frictional losses between the motor brushes and the commutator ultimately reduce the energy conversion efficiency of the brushed motor.
[0033] To reduce frictional losses during the contact between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator, high-viscosity lubricating oil is usually applied to the motor brush filaments in one go. However, as the motor runs, the lubricating oil will separate from the contact area between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator, failing to provide long-term effective lubrication and thus limiting the reduction of frictional losses during the contact between the motor brush filaments and the motor commutator.
[0034] Therefore, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a brushed motor 100, including a conductive component 10 and a lubrication component 20. The lubricating oil in the oil storage area 22 is guided to the contact surface between the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12 by the guide component 21. The gas pressure generated by the rotation of the motor commutator 12 pushes the lubricating oil in the oil storage area 22 towards the guide component 21 through the air intake channel 221. Thus, with a single lubrication, the lubricating oil can provide long-term effective lubrication in the brushed motor 100, reducing friction loss and friction coefficient, extending the lifespan of the brushed motor 100, and improving the conversion efficiency of the brushed motor 100.
[0035] The following will combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 The brushed motor 100 disclosed in the embodiments of this application will be explained and described in detail.
[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the brushed motor 100 includes a motor mount 30, and the conductive component 10 and the lubrication component 20 can both be disposed on the motor mount 30.
[0037] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the conductive component 10 may include motor brush filaments 11 and a rotatable motor commutator 12, with the motor brush filaments 11 in contact with the motor commutator 12. When DC current is applied to the motor brush filaments 11 of the brushed motor 100, the motor brush filaments 11 conduct DC current to the motor commutator 12, and the motor commutator 12 conducts electrical energy to the rotor coil, causing the motor commutator 12 to rotate under the action of the electromagnetic field. This ensures that the rotor magnetic field always interacts with the stator magnetic field, maintaining the continuous rotation of the brushed motor 100.
[0038] For example, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a mounting groove 31 for mounting motor brush filaments 11 is formed on the motor base 30, and at least a portion of the motor brush filaments 11 is located in the mounting groove 31, that is, a portion of the motor brush filaments 11 is located in the mounting groove 31 to fix the motor brush filaments 11. At the same time, a portion of the motor brush filaments 11 is located outside the mounting groove 31 and contacts the motor commutator 12 to conduct current to the motor commutator 12.
[0039] To reduce the frictional loss of the brushed motor 100, such as Figure 1 As shown, the lubrication assembly 20 may include a guide member 21 and an oil reservoir 22, the latter storing lubricating oil. One end of the guide member 21 contacts the motor brush filaments 11, and the other end is located within the oil reservoir 22, guiding the lubricating oil in the reservoir 22 to the contact surface between the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12. This lubricates the contact surface between the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12, reducing frictional losses caused by their contact. Simultaneously, the oil reservoir 22 is connected to an air intake channel 221, with the air inlet 2211 facing the motor commutator 12. This allows the gas pressure generated by the rotation of the motor commutator 12 to push the lubricating oil in the reservoir 22 towards the guide member 21 through the air intake channel 221.
[0040] When the brushed motor 100 is working, the motor commutator 12 can rotate, so that the gas pressure generated by the rotation of the motor commutator 12 pushes the lubricating oil in the oil storage area 22 to flow in the direction of the guide member 21 through the air intake channel 221. This achieves the effect of lubricating the contact surface between the motor brush 11 and the motor commutator 12 through the guide member 21. When the brushed motor 100 stops working, the pressure at the air intake port 2211 of the air intake channel 221 decreases, the flow of lubricating oil in the direction of the guide member 21 stops, and the guide member 21 stops the lubrication effect on the contact surface between the motor brush 11 and the motor commutator 12.
[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an oil injection hole 224 is also provided in the oil storage area 22 to inject lubricating oil into the oil storage area 22 through the oil injection hole 224. It should be noted that after lubricating oil is injected into the oil storage area 22 through the oil injection hole 224, the oil injection hole 224 can be heat-sealed to ensure the sealing performance of the brushed motor 100.
[0042] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, two motor brush filaments 11 can be used, and the two motor brush filaments 11 are centrally symmetrically distributed along the motor commutator 12. At the same time, the lubrication component 20 is adapted to the motor brush filaments 11, that is, there are two lubrication components 20, and the two lubrication components 20 are centrally symmetrically distributed along the motor commutator 12, so that the two lubrication components 20 can provide lubrication for the two motor brush filaments 11 respectively, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency of the brushed motor 100.
[0043] The brushed motor 100 disclosed in this application has one end of the guide member 21 of the lubrication assembly 20 in contact with the motor brush filaments 11 of the conductive assembly 10, and the other end located in the oil storage area 22 of the lubrication assembly 20. This guides the lubricating oil in the oil storage area 22 to the contact surface between the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12, thereby reducing the frictional loss caused by the contact between the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12. Simultaneously, an air intake channel 221 is provided in the oil storage area 22, with the air intake port 2211 of the air intake channel 221 facing the motor commutator 12. When the brushed motor 100 is working, the motor commutator 12 rotates, causing the gas pressure generated by the rotation of the motor commutator 12 to push the lubricating oil in the oil storage area 22 towards the guide member 21 through the air intake channel 221. This allows the guide member 21 to lubricate the contact surface between the motor brush 11 and the motor commutator 12. When the brushed motor 100 stops working, the pressure at the air intake port 2211 of the air intake channel 221 decreases, the flow of lubricating oil towards the guide member 21 stops, and the guide member 21 stops lubricating the contact surface between the motor brush 11 and the motor commutator 12.
[0044] The brushed motor 100 disclosed in this application uses a guide member 21 to direct lubricating oil from the oil reservoir 22 to the contact surface between the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12. This lubricates the contact surface between the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12, reducing frictional losses caused by their contact. Simultaneously, the gas pressure generated by the rotation of the motor commutator 12 pushes the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 22 towards the guide member 21 through the air intake channel 221. Therefore, with a single lubrication, the lubricating oil can provide long-term effective lubrication in the brushed motor 100, effectively reducing heat generation, frictional losses, and the coefficient of friction, increasing smoothness of motion, extending the lifespan of the brushed motor 100, and improving its conversion efficiency.
[0045] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the guide 21 can be an impregnating strip 211, and part of the impregnating strip 211 is located in the oil storage area 22. This allows the gas pressure generated by the rotation of the motor commutator 12 to push the lubricating oil in the oil storage area 22 towards the impregnating strip 211 through the air intake channel 221. Thus, the capillary effect of the impregnating strip 211 can be used to transfer the lubricating oil to the motor brush filaments 11 and flow into the contact surface between the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12, thereby achieving the effect of lubricating the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12 and reducing the frictional loss caused by the contact between the motor brush filaments 11 and the motor commutator 12.
[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an oil outlet 223 is provided in the oil storage area 22, and the wetting strip 211 passes through the oil outlet 223 so that the wetting strip 211 can contact the motor brush bristles 11. At the same time, at least two baffles 222 can be provided in the oil storage area 22, that is, there can be two, three or more baffles 222, and the baffles 222 are staggered to form a maze space 2221 between two adjacent baffles 222 for installing the wetting strip 211. The wetting strip 211 can be installed in the maze space 2221 so that the wetting strip 211 is repeatedly bent and squeezed, thereby effectively preventing the lubricating oil from overflowing and making the wetting strip 211 securely fixed.
[0047] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, two baffles 222 can be provided in the oil storage area 22, and the two baffles 222 are staggered. At the same time, a maze space 2221 is formed between the two baffles 222. The wetting strip 211 can be installed in the maze space 2221 by bending, so that the wetting strip 211 is repeatedly bent and squeezed. In addition, the distance between the oil outlet 223 and the maze space 2221 can be 10μm to 100μm, so that when the brushed motor 100 stops working, the wetting strip 211 can effectively prevent the lubricating oil from overflowing due to repeated bending and squeezing, and can also make the wetting strip 211 securely fixed.
[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the intake channel 221 has a long and narrow structure, and its width can be between 10μm and 100μm. The intake channel 221 communicates with the oil reservoir 22 and has at least one bend, meaning it can have one, two, or more bends to communicate with the oil reservoir 22. This effectively prevents lubricating oil from overflowing due to surface tension when the brushed motor 100 stops working. It should be noted that the width of the intake channel 221 can be determined based on the viscosity and drip rate of the lubricating oil to ensure that the lubricating oil does not overflow due to surface tension when the brushed motor 100 stops working.
[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the end of the motor brush 11 that contacts the motor commutator 12 is provided with a bent portion 111, and the bent portion 111 bends away from the motor commutator 12. At the same time, the opening direction of the air inlet 2211 is opposite to the bending direction of the bent portion 111, thereby reducing the risk of wear material clogging the air inlet 2211.
[0050] For example, the motor brush filaments 11 can be composed of multiple coplanar metal wires, with a spacing of several micrometers to tens of micrometers between adjacent metal wires. Optionally, the diameter of the metal wires can be 0.05mm to 0.5mm, and the spacing between adjacent metal wires can be 5μm to 20μm, thereby better achieving the wetting effect and capillary effect. When the brushed motor 100 is working, the lubricating oil gradually wets the motor brush filaments 11, thereby achieving a lubricating effect. The temperature of the contact area between the metal wires and the motor commutator 12 gradually increases, which can increase the overall temperature of the oil reservoir 22. At high temperatures, it also absorbs excess ambient heat, expands the lubricating oil, and improves the wetting effect. When the brushed motor 100 stops, the pressure at the air inlet 2211 decreases, the wetting effect weakens, the ambient temperature decreases, and the wetting of the lubricating oil is further broken, thereby ensuring that the lubricating oil does not leak out.
[0051] The terms "first" and "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units may include steps or units not listed, but rather not listed.
[0052] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A brushed motor, characterized in that, include: A conductive component (10) includes motor brush filaments (11) and a rotatable motor commutator (12), wherein the motor brush filaments (11) are in contact with the motor commutator (12); The lubrication assembly (20) includes a guide (21) and an oil storage area (22) for storing lubricating oil. One end of the guide (21) is in contact with the motor brush filaments (11), and the other end of the guide (21) is located in the oil storage area (22). The oil storage area (22) is connected to an air intake channel (221), and the air intake port (2211) of the air intake channel (221) is arranged in the direction of the motor commutator (12).
2. The brushed motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide (21) includes an impregnation strip (211), and the oil storage area (22) is provided with at least two baffles (222), and the baffles (222) are staggered to form a maze space (2221) for installing the impregnation strip (211) between two adjacent baffles (222), and the impregnation strip (211) is installed in the maze space (2221).
3. The brushed motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oil storage area (22) is provided with an oil outlet (223), the immersion strip (211) is inserted through the oil outlet (223), and the distance between the oil outlet (223) and the labyrinth space (2221) is 10μm to 100μm.
4. The brushed motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the motor brush bristles (11) that contacts the motor commutator (12) is provided with a bent portion (111). The bent portion (111) bends away from the motor commutator (12), and the opening direction of the air inlet (2211) is opposite to the bending direction of the bent portion (111).
5. The brushed motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a motor mount (30), on which both the conductive component (10) and the lubrication component (20) are mounted.
6. The brushed motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The motor mount (30) has a mounting groove (31) for mounting the motor brush filaments (11), at least a portion of which is located within the mounting groove (31).
7. The brushed motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake passage (221) is connected to the oil storage area (22) by at least one bend.
8. The brushed motor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air intake channel (221) has a long and narrow structure, and the width of the air intake channel (221) is 10μm to 100μm.
9. The brushed motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor brush filament (11) includes a plurality of coplanar metal wires, the diameter of which is 0.05mm to 0.5mm and the interval between two adjacent metal wires is 5μm to 20μm.
10. The brushed motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, There are two motor brush filaments (11), and the two motor brush filaments (11) are centrally symmetrically distributed along the motor commutator (12). The lubrication component (20) is adapted to the motor brush filaments (11).