Mushroom three-dimensional cultivation room transformed from idle house and multi-layer spraying device
By introducing a multi-layer spraying device and a precision control system into a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room converted from an idle building, the problems of temperature and humidity fluctuations and uneven spraying were solved, achieving efficient space utilization and increased yield.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
When converting idle buildings into mushroom cultivation sites, problems such as large fluctuations in temperature and humidity, poor spraying effect of sprinkler systems, and low space utilization occur, affecting yield and quality.
A three-dimensional mushroom cultivation chamber was designed, comprising a vertical planting rack, a variable frequency heat pump, air supply ducts, cultivation lights, a humidifier, a negative pressure fan, and a multi-layer spraying device. It adopts a waterproof membrane and waterproof ceiling structure, combined with a horizontal movement mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a spraying mechanism to achieve precise control of temperature and humidity and uniform spraying.
It effectively utilizes vertical space, ensures that temperature and humidity are within the set range, improves spray uniformity, increases output and quality, and avoids the occupation of operating channels by traditional equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224111814U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mushroom cultivation technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and a multi-layer spraying device for converting an idle house into a mushroom cultivation room. Background Technology
[0002] With the advancement of modern agricultural technology and the growth in market demand for edible fungi, fungi cultivation is gradually developing towards large-scale and refined operations. However, traditional fungi cultivation methods generally suffer from problems such as low space utilization, high resource consumption, and weak environmental control. Especially in scenarios where idle buildings are converted into cultivation sites, existing technologies struggle to fully integrate the characteristics of the building structure with the growth requirements of fungi, resulting in limited production efficiency.
[0003] Idle buildings commonly suffer from poor ventilation and large fluctuations in temperature and humidity. Directly converting them into cultivation rooms requires resolving the conflict between environmental controllability and building safety. Conventional sprinkler systems are mostly manual or fixed at the top, making it difficult to cover multiple cultivation racks, which can lead to uneven distribution and affect yield and quality. Therefore, to address these issues, this paper proposes a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and a multi-layer sprinkler system for converting idle buildings to meet practical needs. Utility Model Content
[0004] This utility model provides a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room converted from an idle house and a multi-layer spraying device, which solves the technical problems of large temperature and humidity fluctuations in idle houses and poor spraying effect of spraying devices, which affect the yield and quality.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and multi-layer spraying device for converting idle houses, including a cultivation room and vertical planting racks, a variable frequency heat pump, air supply ducts, cultivation lights, a humidifier, a negative pressure fan, and an irrigation device installed in the cultivation room; the inner wall of the cultivation room is covered with a waterproof membrane, and the top of the internal space of the cultivation room is covered with a waterproof ceiling; the variable frequency heat pump, humidifier, and negative pressure fan are placed in the cultivation room; the air supply duct is located below the waterproof ceiling and is connected to the output port of the variable frequency heat pump; the cultivation lights are located below the waterproof ceiling; there are several sets of vertical planting racks; the irrigation device is located above the vertical planting racks; the irrigation device includes a horizontal movement mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a spraying mechanism; the lifting mechanism is located on the horizontal movement mechanism, and the spraying mechanism is located below the lifting mechanism.
[0006] In some embodiments, the traversing mechanism includes a first guide rail, a first sliding seat, a second guide rail, a second sliding seat, and a walking drive assembly; the first guide rail and the second guide rail are arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides inside the cultivation chamber; a sliding block is fixedly connected to the lower part of the first sliding seat and the second sliding seat, and the sliding blocks of the first sliding seat and the second sliding seat are respectively slidably connected to the first guide rail and the second guide rail; the walking drive assembly is disposed on the side of the second sliding seat.
[0007] In some embodiments, the walking drive assembly includes a walking motor and a drive gear. The walking motor is fixed to the side of the second sliding seat, and the drive gear is disposed at the output end of the walking motor. A toothed groove is provided on one side of the second guide rail, and the drive gear meshes with the toothed groove.
[0008] In some embodiments, the lifting mechanism includes an actuation component and a lifting drive component; the lifting drive component includes a mounting base, a lifting motor, a synchronous pulley, and a worm gear reducer. The mounting base is disposed above the first sliding seat, the lifting motor is disposed above the mounting base, the worm gear reducer is disposed on the side of the mounting base, and the output end of the lifting motor is connected to the input end of the worm gear reducer via the synchronous pulley.
[0009] In some embodiments, the actuating component includes a rotating rod, a take-up reel, a rope, and a mounting bracket; the rotating rod is disposed at the output end of the worm gear reducer, and the two ends of the rotating rod are rotatably engaged with a first sliding seat and a second sliding seat, respectively; the take-up reel is fixedly sleeved on both ends of the rotating rod; the rope is wound around the take-up reel; and the top of the mounting bracket is connected to one end of the rope.
[0010] In some embodiments, the spraying mechanism includes a pair of symmetrically arranged spray pipes and a plurality of spray nozzles; both ends of the spray pipes are connected to a mounting bracket, and the plurality of spray nozzles are equidistantly arranged on the left and right sides of the spray pipes.
[0011] In some embodiments, the spray nozzle is horizontally positioned, the length of the spray pipe is greater than the width of the vertical planting rack, and the spray pipe is located in the middle between two vertical planting racks.
[0012] In some embodiments, the mounting bracket is a triangular structure, the top of the mounting bracket is provided with a hook, the rope is an iron chain structure, and the hook and the iron chain are detachably connected.
[0013] Compared with related technologies, the three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and multi-layer spraying device converted from an idle house provided by this utility model have the following beneficial effects:
[0014] This utility model provides a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and a multi-layer spraying device for converting idle houses. By combining the modular layout of the vertical planting rack with the top suspension design of the irrigation device, the vertical space of the house is effectively utilized, avoiding the occupation of the operation channel by traditional ground irrigation equipment.
[0015] This utility model provides a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and a multi-layer spraying device for converting idle houses. The horizontal movement mechanism adopts gear and tooth groove transmission, and the walking motor drives the active gear to achieve high-precision positioning. The lifting mechanism uses the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear reducer to ensure that there is no slippage during the lifting process of the spraying mechanism. The double spray pipes are symmetrically distributed, and the spray nozzles horizontally cover the full width of the vertical planting rack, which greatly increases the irrigation efficiency and uniformity.
[0016] This utility model provides a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and a multi-layer spraying device for converting idle houses. The structure of the house is guaranteed by double protection of waterproof membrane and waterproof ceiling. The variable frequency heat pump adjusts the temperature evenly through the air supply duct. With the closed-loop control of humidifier and negative pressure fan, the temperature and humidity fluctuation range is controlled within the set range. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation device structure of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting drive assembly structure of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the walking drive component structure of this utility model.
[0021] The diagram is labeled as follows: 100, Cultivation Room; 101, Waterproof Membrane; 102, Waterproof Ceiling; 2, Vertical Planting Rack; 3, Variable Frequency Heat Pump; 4, Air Supply Duct; 5, Cultivation Light; 6, Humidifier; 7, Negative Pressure Fan; 8, Irrigation Device; 81, First Guide Rail; 82, First Sliding Seat; 83, Actuating Component; 84, Second Guide Rail; 85, Second Sliding Seat; 86, Walking Drive Component; 87, Lifting Drive Component; 88, Spraying Mechanism; 821, Sliding Block; 871, Mounting Base; 872, Lifting Motor; 873, Synchronous Belt Pulley; 874, Worm Gear Reducer; 831, Rotating Rod; 832, Rewinding Sheet; 833, Rope; 834, Mounting Frame; 881, Spray Water Pipe; 882, Spray Nozzle; 841, Gear; 861, Walking Motor; 862, Drive Gear. Detailed Implementation
[0022] Example 1
[0023] This embodiment provides a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room converted from an idle house and a multi-layer spraying device, such as Figure 1 As shown, this utility model includes a cultivation chamber 100 and a vertical planting rack 2, a variable frequency heat pump 3, an air supply duct 4, a cultivation lamp 5, a humidifier 6, a negative pressure fan 7, and an irrigation device 8 installed in the cultivation chamber 100.
[0024] The inner wall of the cultivation chamber 100 is equipped with a waterproof membrane 101, and the ceiling of the interior space of the cultivation chamber 100 is equipped with a waterproof ceiling 102. The waterproof membrane 101 and the waterproof ceiling 102 ensure the airtightness and waterproofness of the cultivation chamber 100, ensuring that the quality of the house will not be affected after the idle house is converted into a cultivation chamber 100.
[0025] Among them, the variable frequency heat pump 3, humidifier 6 and negative pressure fan 7 are placed in the cultivation room 100. They are all controlled by closed loop to regulate the temperature in the cultivation room 100 between 18 and 25°C, the humidity between 35 and 99%, and the CO2 concentration between 400 and 5000 ppm, so as to ensure a stable growth environment for mushrooms.
[0026] The air supply duct 4 is located below the waterproof ceiling 102 and is connected to the output port of the variable frequency heat pump 3. The air supply duct 4 can transmit the cold and hot air generated by the variable frequency heat pump 3 to various parts of the cultivation room 100, so that the temperature in the cultivation room 100 is uniform.
[0027] The cultivation lamp 5 is installed below the waterproof ceiling 102. It ensures that the light intensity for the mushrooms is between 0 and 1000 lux, and the light color is white or blue.
[0028] The vertical planting rack 2 consists of several sets. Based on the space configuration of the cultivation room 100, the number of vertical planting racks 2 should be increased as much as possible to ensure production efficiency, while ensuring the movement of operators and the normal operation of the mushrooms.
[0029] The irrigation device 8 is located above the vertical planting rack 2. The irrigation device 8 includes a horizontal movement mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a spraying mechanism 88. The lifting mechanism is located on the horizontal movement mechanism, and the spraying mechanism 88 is located below the lifting mechanism. Unlike ordinary irrigation carts, the irrigation device located above the vertical planting rack 2 effectively utilizes the unused space above the cultivation chamber 100, avoiding excessive use of ground space by irrigation carts and other devices.
[0030] Example 2
[0031] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 2-4As shown, the lateral movement mechanism of this embodiment includes a first guide rail 81, a first sliding seat 82, a second guide rail 84, a second sliding seat 85, and a walking drive assembly 86. The first guide rail 81 and the second guide rail 84 are arranged in parallel. The two ends of the first guide rail 81 and the second guide rail 84 are fixedly connected to the two sides inside the cultivation chamber 100 by anchor bolts. When the span is too large, the connecting parts are appropriately increased to ensure the strength of the first guide rail 81 and the second guide rail 84. Sealing gaskets are added between the two ends of the first guide rail 81 and the second guide rail 84 and the waterproof membrane 101 to ensure waterproof performance. Sliding blocks 821 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first sliding seat 82 and the second sliding seat 85. The sliding blocks 821 of the first sliding seat 82 and the second sliding seat 85 are slidably connected to the first guide rail 81 and the second guide rail 84, respectively. The walking drive assembly 86 is arranged on the side of the second sliding seat 85.
[0032] The walking drive assembly 86 includes a walking motor 861 and a drive gear 862. The walking motor 861 is fixed to the side of the second sliding seat 85, and the drive gear 862 is located at the output end of the walking motor 861. A toothed groove 841 is provided on one side of the second guide rail 84, and the drive gear 862 meshes with the toothed groove 841. Precise positioning for lateral movement is achieved through a gear and rack transmission, avoiding the slippage phenomenon caused by traditional roller movement, and ensuring that the irrigation device 8 can accurately cover the working area of all vertical planting racks 2 along the guide rail.
[0033] The lifting mechanism includes an execution component 83 and a lifting drive component 87. The lifting drive component 87 includes a mounting base 871, a lifting motor 872, a synchronous pulley 873, and a worm gear reducer 874. The mounting base 871 is positioned above the first sliding seat 82, the lifting motor 872 is positioned above the mounting base 871, and the worm gear reducer 874 is positioned on the side of the mounting base 871. The output end of the lifting motor 872 is connected to the input end of the worm gear reducer 874 via the synchronous pulley 873. The self-locking characteristic of the worm gear reducer maintains the suspension height of the spray mechanism 88 when power is cut off, preventing accidental slippage due to gravity.
[0034] The actuator 83 includes a rotating rod 831, a take-up reel 832, a rope 833, and a mounting bracket 834. The rotating rod 831 is located at the output end of a worm gear reducer 874, which is a double-output-shaft worm gear reducer. The rotating rod 831 is divided into two sections, each connected to one of the two output ends of the worm gear reducer 874. The two ends of the rotating rod 831 are rotatably engaged with the first sliding seat 82 and the second sliding seat 85, respectively. Bearings are used at the rotatable engagement points to reduce friction. The take-up reel 832 is fixedly sleeved on both ends of the rotating rod 831. The rope 833 is wound around the take-up reel 832. The top of the mounting bracket 834 is connected to one end of the rope 833. The design of synchronously winding and unwinding the rope with two take-up reels ensures that the spray mechanism 88 remains horizontal during lifting and lowering, avoiding tilting caused by unilateral force.
[0035] The sprinkler mechanism 88 includes a pair of symmetrically arranged spray pipes 881 and several spray nozzles 882. Both ends of the spray pipes 881 are connected to the mounting frame 834, and the spray nozzles 882 are equidistantly arranged on the left and right sides of the spray pipes 881. Through the symmetrical double-spray pipe layout and the rational arrangement of the vertical planting racks 2, the sprinkler needs of four adjacent vertical planting racks 2 can be covered simultaneously, significantly improving irrigation efficiency. Both spray pipes 881 are connected to a water source to control the on / off state of the sprinkler function.
[0036] The spray nozzle 882 is horizontally positioned, and the length of the spray pipe 881 is greater than the width of the vertical planting rack 2. The spray pipe 881 is located in the middle between the two vertical planting racks 2. The horizontal spray design, combined with the ultra-wide spray range, ensures that both sides of the mushroom cultivation layer receive uniform water mist, eliminating the problem of excessive moisture at the near end and insufficient water at the far end caused by traditional vertical spraying.
[0037] The mounting frame 834 has a triangular structure with a hook at the top. The rope 833 is a chain structure, and the hook and chain are detachably connected. The triangular frame provides high structural stability, allowing the sprinkler mechanism 88 to remain stable during lifting. The detachable connection design facilitates quick assembly and disassembly for maintenance. Compared to steel cables, the chain structure has better rust resistance and is suitable for high-humidity cultivation environments.
Claims
1. A three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room converted from an idle building and a multi-layer spraying device, characterized in that, The system includes a cultivation chamber and vertical planting racks, a variable frequency heat pump, air ducts, cultivation lights, a humidifier, a negative pressure fan, and an irrigation device installed within the cultivation chamber. The inner walls of the cultivation chamber are lined with a waterproof membrane, and the ceiling of the interior space is waterproof. The variable frequency heat pump, humidifier, and negative pressure fan are placed within the cultivation chamber. The air ducts are located below the waterproof ceiling and connected to the output port of the variable frequency heat pump. The cultivation lights are located below the waterproof ceiling. Several sets of vertical planting racks are present, and the irrigation device is located above the vertical planting racks. The irrigation device includes a horizontal movement mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a spraying mechanism. The lifting mechanism is mounted on the horizontal movement mechanism, and the spraying mechanism is located below the lifting mechanism.
2. The fungal three-dimensional cultivation room and multi-layer spraying device converted from an idle house according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral movement mechanism includes a first guide rail, a first sliding seat, a second guide rail, a second sliding seat, and a walking drive assembly. The first guide rail and the second guide rail are arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides inside the cultivation chamber. Sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first sliding seat and the second sliding seat. The sliding blocks of the first sliding seat and the second sliding seat are respectively slidably connected to the first guide rail and the second guide rail. The walking drive assembly is disposed on the side of the second sliding seat.
3. The fungal three-dimensional cultivation room and multi-layer spraying device for converting idle houses according to claim 2, characterized in that, The walking drive assembly includes a walking motor and a drive gear. The walking motor is fixed to the side of the second sliding seat, and the drive gear is located at the output end of the walking motor. A toothed groove is provided on one side of the second guide rail, and the drive gear meshes with the toothed groove.
4. The fungal three-dimensional cultivation room and multi-layer spraying device for converting an idle house according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes an execution component and a lifting drive component; the lifting drive component includes a mounting base, a lifting motor, a synchronous pulley, and a worm gear reducer. The mounting base is located above the first sliding seat, the lifting motor is located above the mounting base, and the worm gear reducer is located on the side of the mounting base. The output end of the lifting motor is connected to the input end of the worm gear reducer through the synchronous pulley.
5. The fungal three-dimensional cultivation room and multi-layer spraying device converted from an idle house according to claim 4, characterized in that, The actuating component includes a rotating rod, a take-up reel, a rope, and a mounting bracket; the rotating rod is located at the output end of the worm gear reducer, and the two ends of the rotating rod are rotatably engaged with the first sliding seat and the second sliding seat, respectively; the take-up reel is fixedly sleeved on both ends of the rotating rod; the rope is wound around the take-up reel; and the top of the mounting bracket is connected to one end of the rope.
6. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and multi-layer spraying device converted from an idle house according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spraying mechanism includes a pair of symmetrically arranged spray pipes and several spray nozzles; both ends of the spray pipes are connected to the mounting frame, and the several spray nozzles are equidistantly arranged on the left and right sides of the spray pipes.
7. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and multi-layer spraying device converted from an idle house according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spray nozzle is horizontally positioned, the length of the spray pipe is greater than the width of the vertical planting frame, and the spray pipe is located in the middle between the two vertical planting frames.
8. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation room and multi-layer spraying device converted from an idle house according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting frame has a triangular structure, and a hook is provided at the top of the mounting frame. The rope is a chain structure, and the hook and the chain are detachably connected.