Material gathering roller crushing mechanism for bonding hard and large materials

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gathering roller crushing mechanism for bonding hard and large materials. The gathering roller crushing mechanism comprises a material guiding mechanism, the material gathering hopper is positioned below the material guide mechanism; the material gathering roller crushing mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the material gathering hopper and comprises a plurality of reverse crushing rollers and positive crushing rollers which are arranged below the discharge hole of the material gathering hopper in parallel, and the plurality of reverse crushing rollers and the plurality of positive crushing rollers are arranged in a staggered manner; one end of each reverse crushing roller and one end of each forward crushing roller are respectively provided with a gear, and the other end of each reverse crushing roller and the other end of each forward crushing roller are respectively arranged on the rack through shafts; the gears are sequentially meshed to drive all the reverse crushing rollers and all the forward crushing rollers to rotate, and any one of the gears is driven by an electric mechanism to rotate. According to the fly ash crushing device, large fly ash can be crushed into medium particles and small particles, the requirement of the subsequent process for the granularity of the fly ash is met, manpower is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the industry of resource utilization of fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration, and in particular to a crushing mechanism for aggregated, hard, large materials using a roller. Background Technology

[0002] Currently available shredders, hammer crushers, and knife crushers are prone to clogging when crushing large, hard, or sticky materials, and are unable to process these materials.

[0003] On July 10, 2024, the applicant filed an invention patent application with the China National Intellectual Property Administration entitled "Integrated Ton Bag Clumping and Crushing Device for Fly Ash," with publication number CN118893073A. The device includes a bag-breaking mechanism, a large fly ash crushing mechanism, a small fly ash crushing mechanism, a pulverizer, and a conveyor. However, its crushing efficiency is not high. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem this utility model aims to solve is that current material crushing mechanisms such as shredders, hammer crushers, and knife crushers on the market are prone to clogging when crushing large, hard, and sticky materials, making them unable to process these materials. The present invention provides a material-aggregating roller crushing mechanism for sticky, hard, and large materials, which can crush large pieces of fly ash into small particles, meeting the particle size requirements of subsequent processes, reducing manual labor, and improving production efficiency.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A roller crushing mechanism for cohesive, hard, large materials includes:

[0007] A material guiding mechanism that discharges large, hard, and sticky materials from the opened ton bags;

[0008] A material hopper is located below the material guiding mechanism, the material guiding mechanism is housed in the inlet of the material hopper, and an outlet is provided at the bottom of the material hopper;

[0009] The aggregated roller crushing mechanism is installed on the frame and located at the bottom of the discharge port of the aggregated hopper. The aggregated roller crushing mechanism crushes the large pieces of fly ash coming out of the discharge port of the aggregated hopper into medium and fine particles and sends them out.

[0010] The material-gathering roller crushing mechanism includes several reverse crushing rollers and forward crushing rollers arranged in parallel at the bottom of the discharge port of the material-gathering hopper. The reverse crushing rollers and forward crushing rollers are arranged alternately. A gear is provided at one end of each reverse crushing roller and each forward crushing roller. The other end of each reverse crushing roller and the other end of each forward crushing roller are respectively mounted on the frame. These gears mesh in sequence to drive all the reverse crushing rollers and forward crushing rollers to rotate. Any one of these gears is driven to rotate by an electric mechanism.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, each reverse crushing roller and each forward crushing roller have the same structure, each including a crushing roller shaft, a smooth sleeve and a crushing sleeve spaced apart at the middle position of the crushing roller shaft, a left-handed sleeve on one end of the crushing roller shaft and a right-handed sleeve on the other end of the crushing roller shaft; a limiting iron ring is fixed at both ends of the crushing roller shaft by limiting bolts that radially pass through the crushing roller shaft, and the limiting iron rings at both ends of the crushing roller shaft secure the smooth sleeve, the crushing sleeve, and the... Left-hand and right-hand sleeves are fitted onto the crushing roller shaft. Crushing protrusions are provided on the outer circumferential surface of each crushing sleeve. Left-hand spiral aggregate protrusions and right-hand spiral aggregate protrusions are respectively provided on the left-hand and right-hand sleeves. The crushing protrusions, left-hand spiral aggregate protrusions, and right-hand spiral aggregate protrusions are relatively short. The left-hand spiral aggregate protrusions on the reverse crushing roller mesh with the right-hand spiral aggregate protrusions on the forward crushing roller. The smooth sleeve, crushing sleeve, left-hand sleeve, and right-hand sleeve are all connected to the crushing roller shaft by a key.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, both the anti-crushing rollers and the positive crushing rollers are configured in even numbers.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, all gears are housed in a gearbox, which is a closed system. Oil is added using a differential pressure drip injection method to ensure that the liquid level in the gearbox is always relative to the height of the two teeth of the gear.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the motor of the electric mechanism is a variable frequency motor and is provided with a reverse function.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the feed inlet is large and the discharge outlet is small, with the discharge outlet being much smaller than the area of ​​the material crushing drum mechanism.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. A material guiding mechanism is adopted. The two guide plates in the material guiding mechanism fall into one or both sides of the material crushing roller according to the weight of the falling material. The middle or one side will always be kept from being completely covered by the material falling from the ton bag. There will always be a gap, avoiding the embarrassing situation where the material crushing roller is pressed down by the material and stops and cannot be restarted.

[0018] 2. The material collection hopper can collect the material as it falls downwards, ensuring that the material falls within the working range of the material collection roller crushing mechanism.

[0019] 3. A material-aggregating roller crushing mechanism is adopted. The large gaps in this mechanism allow fine and medium-sized fly ash particles to pass smoothly into the buffer silo. Only large pieces of fly ash remain in the crushing mechanism. The material is pushed towards the center by the short aggregating protrusions. Because of the short protrusions, the material bounces continuously as it moves towards the center. The short aggregating protrusions also cause the material to be bitten and gnawed by the teeth, preventing further adhesion. Ultimately, the large pieces of fly ash are broken down into medium and fine particles, which fall into the buffer silo. The short aggregating roller crushing mechanism also helps to alleviate pressure in the buffer silo (not shown in the diagram).

[0020] 4. All gears are housed in a sealed gearbox to prevent dust from entering and oil from being splashed out. Oil is added via differential pressure drip injection, ensuring the oil level in the gearbox is always higher than the two teeth of the gear. A relatively thin liquid lubricant is used, which has a smaller effect during high-speed gear rotation. The entire gearbox and the gears are coated with oil to protect them and extend their service life.

[0021] 5. The motor of the electric mechanism is a variable frequency motor. The residence time of large pieces of material on the aggregate roller crushing mechanism is adjusted by changing the frequency according to the properties of different batches of material. When a large amount of material remains on the aggregate roller crushing mechanism, the frequency can be reduced during startup to prevent motor damage. If the material becomes stuck, it can be reversed to eject the hard material, preventing damage to the aggregate roller crushing mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structural layout of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the combination of the material-gathering roller crushing mechanism and the material-gathering hopper of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the combination of the material-gathering roller crushing mechanism and the material-gathering hopper of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 4This is one of the schematic diagrams of the anti-breakage roller structure of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the anti-breakage roller structure of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 6 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the positive crushing roller structure of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the positive crushing roller structure of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] See Figures 1 to 7 The material-aggregating roller crushing mechanism shown in the figure includes: a frame 100, a material guiding mechanism 500, a material-aggregating hopper 600, and a material-aggregating roller crushing mechanism 700.

[0031] The material guiding mechanism 500 is mounted on the frame 100. This mechanism 500 discharges the material from the opened ton bag. Its specific structure is as follows: (See details) Figure 2 and Figure 3 The material guiding mechanism 500 includes a pair of guide plates 510 welded at a 90° angle to a movable support rod 520. Each guide plate 510 is fixed at the middle position of the movable support rod 520, and both ends of the movable support rod 520 are hinged to the feed inlet 610 of the hopper 600 via fixed brackets 530. When material falls onto the guide plate 510, the heavier side of the guide plate 510 is pressed down, and the lighter side is raised, with most of the material falling to the bottom of the pressed side. When the material falls evenly onto both guide plates 510, it falls along the guide plates 510 to the bottom of both sides, ensuring that the middle or one side is not completely covered by the material falling from the ton bag, always leaving gaps to prevent the hopper crushing mechanism 700 from being blocked and unable to restart.

[0032] The material collection hopper 600 is installed on the frame 100 below the material guiding mechanism 500. The material guiding mechanism 500 is housed within the feed inlet 610 of the material collection hopper 600. The bottom of the material collection hopper 600 has a discharge outlet 620. The material collection hopper 600 collects materials falling downwards inwards, ensuring that the materials reach the working position of the material collection drum crushing mechanism 700. The feed inlet 610 is large, while the discharge outlet 620 is small, significantly smaller than the area of ​​the material collection drum crushing mechanism 700.

[0033] The aggregate crushing roller mechanism 700 is installed on the frame 100 and located below the discharge port 620 of the aggregate hopper 600. The aggregate crushing roller mechanism 700 crushes large pieces of fly ash coming out of the discharge port 620 of the aggregate hopper 600 into medium and fine particles and sends them out. Its specific structure is as follows: The aggregate crushing roller mechanism 700 includes several reverse crushing rollers 710 and forward crushing rollers 720 arranged in parallel below the discharge port 620 of the aggregate hopper 600. The reverse crushing rollers 710 and forward crushing rollers 720 are arranged alternately, and the reverse crushing rollers 710 and forward crushing rollers 720 are both configured in even numbers.

[0034] A gear 730 is provided at one end of each reverse crushing roller 710 and each forward crushing roller 720, and the other ends of each reverse crushing roller 710 and each forward crushing roller 720 are respectively mounted on the frame 100; these gears 730 mesh sequentially to drive all the reverse crushing rollers 710 and forward crushing rollers 720 to rotate, and any one of these gears 730 is driven to rotate by an electric mechanism 740.

[0035] The motor 741 of the electric mechanism 740 is a variable frequency motor. The residence time of the material on the aggregate drum crushing mechanism 700 is adjusted by frequency according to the properties of different batches of material. When a large amount of material remains on the aggregate drum crushing mechanism 700, the frequency can be reduced during startup to prevent damage to the motor 741.

[0036] All gears 730 are housed within a gearbox 750, which is enclosed to prevent dust from entering and oil from being splashed out. Oil is supplied via differential pressure drip injection, ensuring the oil level in the gearbox 750 is always equivalent to the height of two teeth of the gear 730. A relatively thin liquid lubricant is used; under the high-speed rotation of the gears 730, the entire interior of the gearbox 750 and the gears 730 are coated with oil, protecting the gears 730 and extending their service life.

[0037] Each reverse crushing roller 710 and each forward crushing roller 720 have the same structure, including a crushing roller shaft 711, 721, smooth sleeves 712, 722 and crushing sleeves 713, 723 spaced between the crushing roller shafts 711, 721, left-hand sleeves 714, 724 sleeved on one end of the crushing roller shafts 711, 721 and right-hand sleeves 715, 725 sleeved on the other end of the crushing roller shafts 711, 721; At both ends of the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721, a limiting iron ring 717 and 727 are fixed by limiting bolts 716 and 726 that radially pass through the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721, respectively. The limiting iron rings 717 and 727 at both ends of the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721 squeeze the smooth sleeves 712 and 722, the crushing sleeves 713 and 723, the left-hand sleeves 714 and 724, and the right-hand sleeves 715 and 725 onto the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721. The smooth sleeves 712 and 722, the crushing sleeves 713 and 723, the left-hand sleeves 714 and 724, and the right-hand sleeves 715 and 725 are all connected to the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721 by keys 718 and 728.

[0038] Crushing protrusions 713a and 723a are provided on the outer circumferential surface of each crushing sleeve 713 and 723. Left-hand spiral material-gathering protrusions 714a and 724a and right-hand spiral material-gathering protrusions 715a and 725a are respectively provided on the left-hand sleeve 714 and 724 and the right-hand spiral material-gathering protrusions 715a and 725a. The left-hand spiral material-gathering protrusion 714a on the reverse crushing roller 710 meshes with the right-hand spiral material-gathering protrusion 725a on the forward crushing roller 720. The right-hand spiral material-gathering protrusion 715a on the reverse crushing roller 710 meshes with the left-hand spiral material-gathering protrusion 724a on the forward crushing roller 720.

[0039] The aggregated crushing drum 700 has large gaps, allowing fine and medium-sized fly ash particles to pass smoothly into the medium-sized fly ash buffer bin (not shown in the figure). Only large pieces of fly ash remain in the aggregated crushing drum 700. The left-hand spiral aggregated protrusions 714a and 724a and the right-hand spiral aggregated protrusions 715a and 725a push the material from both sides towards the center. The material is then bitten by the small openings of the crushing protrusions 713a and 723a. During this biting process, the material constantly bounces, preventing it from sticking together again. Ultimately, the large pieces of fly ash are broken down into medium and fine particles, which fall into the medium-sized fly ash buffer bin (not shown in the figure). The fact that large pieces of fly ash remain on the aggregated crushing drum 700 for a period of time, turning into medium-sized particles before falling, also helps relieve pressure in the medium-sized fly ash buffer bin.

Claims

1. A roller crushing mechanism for cohesive, hard, large materials, characterized in that, include: A material guiding mechanism that discharges large, hard, and sticky materials from the opened ton bags; A material hopper is located below the material guiding mechanism, the material guiding mechanism is housed in the inlet of the material hopper, and an outlet is provided at the bottom of the material hopper; The aggregated roller crushing mechanism is installed on the frame and located below the discharge port of the aggregated hopper. This aggregated roller crushing mechanism crushes the large pieces of fly ash coming out of the discharge port of the aggregated hopper into medium and fine particles and sends them out. The material-gathering roller crushing mechanism includes several reverse crushing rollers and forward crushing rollers arranged in parallel below the discharge port of the material-gathering hopper. The reverse crushing rollers and forward crushing rollers are arranged alternately. A gear is provided at one end of each reverse crushing roller and each forward crushing roller. The other end of each reverse crushing roller and the other end of each forward crushing roller are respectively mounted on the frame. These gears mesh in sequence to drive all the reverse crushing rollers and forward crushing rollers to rotate. Any one of these gears is driven to rotate by an electric mechanism.

2. The roller crushing mechanism for cohesive, hard, large materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each reverse crushing roller and each forward crushing roller have the same structure, including a crushing roller shaft, a smooth sleeve and a crushing sleeve spaced apart at the middle position of the crushing roller shaft, a left-handed sleeve on one end of the crushing roller shaft and a right-handed sleeve on the other end of the crushing roller shaft; a limiting iron ring is fixed at both ends of the crushing roller shaft by limiting bolts that pass radially through the crushing roller shaft. The limiting iron rings at both ends of the crushing roller shaft squeeze the smooth sleeve, crushing sleeve, left-handed sleeve and right-handed sleeve onto the crushing roller shaft. Crushing protrusions are provided on the outer circumferential surface of each crushing sleeve. Left-handed spiral material gathering protrusions and right-handed spiral material gathering protrusions are provided on the left-handed sleeve and right-handed sleeve, respectively. The left-handed spiral material gathering protrusions on the reverse crushing roller and the right-handed spiral material gathering protrusions on the forward crushing roller mesh with each other; the smooth sleeve, crushing sleeve, left-handed sleeve and right-handed sleeve are all connected to the crushing roller shaft by a key.

3. The roller crushing mechanism for cohesive, hard, large materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the reverse crushing rollers and the forward crushing rollers are configured in even numbers; the aggregate protrusions and crushing protrusions are relatively short.

4. The roller crushing mechanism for cohesive, hard, large materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, All gears are housed in a closed gearbox. Oil is supplied via differential pressure drip injection to ensure that the liquid level in the gearbox is always equivalent to the height of two teeth of the gear.

5. The roller crushing mechanism for cohesive, hard, large materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feed inlet is large, and the discharge outlet is small, with the discharge outlet being much smaller than the area of ​​the material-gathering drum crushing mechanism.

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