Efficient vibration well cementation tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses an efficient vibration well cementation tool, and particularly relates to the technical field of casing pipe well cementation engineering under oil and gas wells, the efficient vibration well cementation tool comprises a guide head, a shell, a supporting ring and a center rod, the supporting ring and the center rod are arranged in the shell, the supporting ring is fixed on the middle upper portion in the shell, and a liquid inlet hole is formed in the supporting ring. A plurality of sets of impellers distributed in the circumferential direction of the supporting ring at equal intervals are arranged below the liquid inlet hole, the impellers are connected with a transmission gear through a transmission shaft, the center rod is connected with a reversing gear matched with the transmission gear, the center rod is fixedly connected with the guide head, and the center rod is connected with a balance weight eccentric block so that the center rod can drive the guide head to generate vibration. The impeller rotates to provide a rotating power source for the center rod, and the counterweight eccentric block is matched with the center rod to rotate to drive the guide head to vibrate, so that clogging or coal briquettes and the like in a well are crushed or guided through high-frequency vibration, the clogging problem is solved, and the friction resistance and buckling problems are avoided; and stable and rapid running of the casing pipe is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of oil and gas well casing cementing engineering technology, specifically relating to a high-efficiency vibration cementing tool. Background Technology

[0002] Cementing is a construction operation that involves running casing into the well and injecting cement into the annular space between the wellbore and the casing. It is an indispensable and important part of the drilling and completion process. However, many technical problems are commonly encountered during the running of casing in horizontal wells. For example, there are problems such as blockage caused by debris falling off or wellbore collapse, and the problem of casing obstruction or damage caused by large overall friction or buckling effect due to debris in the well. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency and safety of cementing string running and reduce operating costs, a casing auxiliary running tool is proposed to effectively deal with the problem of coal seam collapse, overcome friction and buckling problems, and achieve smooth and rapid running of casing to solve the above problems.

[0003] In addition, during the cementing process, vibrating cement slurry is one of the effective technical means to improve the cementing quality. In order to generate the most effective vibration for cement slurry under different systems, it is necessary to improve it and adjust its structure. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a high-efficiency vibration cementing tool to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a high-efficiency vibration cementing tool, including a guide head, a housing, and a support ring and a central rod disposed inside the housing. The support ring is fixed in the upper middle part of the housing. The support ring is provided with a fluid inlet hole. Multiple sets of impellers are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the support ring below the fluid inlet hole. The impellers are connected to a transmission gear through a transmission shaft. A reversing gear that cooperates with the transmission gear is connected to the central rod. The central rod is fixedly connected to the guide head. A counterweight eccentric block is connected to the central rod so that the central rod drives the guide head to vibrate.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the guide head is semi-circular or conical in shape, and the surface of the guide head is provided with spiral rock-breaking teeth, the helix angle of the rock-breaking teeth matching the rotation direction of the central rod.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, there are at least four liquid inlet holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the center point of the outlet end of the liquid inlet is directly opposite to the center point of the liquid-facing surface of the impeller blades, and the positions are opposite to the rotation direction of the impeller.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the impeller blades are designed with an asymmetrical curved surface, with the liquid-facing surface of the blades being concave and the liquid-repelling surface being convex.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the inlet end of the liquid inlet hole is provided with a removable filter screen.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the central rod includes an upper section, a lower section, and a tapered transition section. The upper section of the central rod is a solid rod structure connected to a support ring via a snap ring and a bearing. The lower section of the central rod is a cylindrical structure with a diameter larger than that of the upper section. The upper and lower sections of the central rod are connected by the tapered transition section.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the tapered transition section of the central rod has a plurality of guide holes evenly distributed circumferentially, and the end of the guide head has a liquid outlet hole communicating with the guide holes.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission gear is an external spur gear, the reversing gear is an internal bevel gear, and the rotation direction of the transmission gear is perpendicular to the output direction of the reversing gear.

[0014] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0015] 1. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the high-efficiency vibratory cementing tool utilizes the rotation of the impeller to provide rotational power to the central rod and uses the counterweight eccentric block to cooperate with the rotation of the central rod to drive the guide head to vibrate. This design utilizes the well-effect vibration principle, using hydraulic power to drive the impeller to drive the counterweight eccentric block to achieve the purpose of vibration, thereby reducing the wear of the guide head, and using high-frequency vibration to break up or guide the blockage or coal block in the well, solving the blockage problem and avoiding the friction buckling problem, and realizing the smooth and rapid running of the casing.

[0016] 2. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, when the guide head is conical in shape, this structure can significantly reduce the forward resistance during the lowering process. Furthermore, by setting spiral rock-breaking teeth on the guide head, the friction force of the guide head on the crushed stone is further increased by increasing the contact area, so that multiple teeth on the spiral line cut into the crushed stone in sequence, forming a continuous crushing zone, thereby improving the efficiency of well blockage or coal crushing.

[0017] 3. In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, there are four inlet holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring. In this case, the impeller can be set according to the number of inlet holes, so that the impellers are also evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring. After the fluid is ejected from the inlet holes, since the center point of the outlet end of the inlet hole is directly opposite to the center point of the liquid-facing surface of the impeller blade, the liquid impacts the liquid-facing surface of the blade vertically, which efficiently converts the kinetic energy of the fluid into the rotational mechanical energy of the impeller, reducing energy loss. Moreover, the rotation direction of the impellers with relatively opposite positions is opposite, so that the liquid in the cavity rotates horizontally while the impeller rotates vertically, thereby making the liquid in the stirring chamber more thoroughly stirred.

[0018] Furthermore, when liquid flows from the inlet to the liquid-facing surface, the concave liquid-facing surface can more effectively convert the liquid's kinetic energy into pressure energy, while the convex liquid-returning surface accelerates the fluid flow and forms a low-pressure zone. The combination of the two generates a greater pressure difference, thereby driving the impeller to rotate more efficiently.

[0019] 4. As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, by providing a detachable filter screen at the inlet end of the liquid inlet hole, it is possible to prevent gravel from entering the cavity, protect the internal parts, extend the equipment life, and the detachable structure can achieve the purpose of quick cleaning or replacement.

[0020] 5. In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the upper section of the center rod is connected to the support ring by a snap ring and a bearing, ensuring that the impeller stably drives the center rod to rotate. The center rod is tightly fitted with the support ring through the bearing, which can ensure that the rotation center does not shift. Furthermore, the snap ring is embedded in the center rod, which restricts the axial displacement of the bearing and prevents the center rod from moving during operation, thereby achieving rotational balance. This design can effectively improve the speed during rotation.

[0021] In addition, by setting guide holes, the fully mixed liquid can be guided from the guide holes to the liquid outlet holes, thereby achieving the purpose of clearing blockages and avoiding friction buckling problems, and realizing the smooth and rapid running of the casing.

[0022] 6. In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, by setting the transmission gear as an external spur gear and the reversing gear as an internal bevel gear, the transmission shaft changes the rotation direction by 90° through the internal bevel gear, and the output shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the transmission gear, so that the power of the impeller is transmitted to the central rod, driving the central rod to rotate, thereby realizing the vibration of the guide head. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-efficiency vibration cementing tool of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a conical guide head with spiral rock-breaking teeth D on its surface;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top of the impeller;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 1. Guide head; 11. Spiral rock-breaking teeth; 12. Liquid outlet hole;

[0031] 2. Outer shell;

[0032] 3. Support ring; 31. Liquid inlet hole; 32. Removable filter screen;

[0033] 4. Impeller; 41. Drive shaft;

[0034] 5. Transmission gears;

[0035] 6. Reversing gear;

[0036] 7. Center rod; 71. Guide hole; 72. Snap ring; 73. Bearing;

[0037] 8. Eccentric counterweight; Detailed Implementation

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this utility model, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this utility model that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0041] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "below" the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "implementation," "example," "aspect," or "specific example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a high-efficiency vibratory cementing tool is attached to the end of the casing and is lowered into the well along with the casing. When the casing encounters resistance during lowering, circulation can be initiated at the wellhead. During circulation, the fluid inside the casing enters the inlet port 31 through the outer casing 2 in the direction of the arrow in the figure. The location of the inlet port 31 can be referenced. Figure 1-2After being rectified by the inlet 31, the liquid carries a large momentum and impacts the four impellers 4. The impellers 4 rotate, driving the drive shaft 41, which in turn drives the drive gear 5 to rotate. The drive gear 5 contacts the reversing gear 6, and through gear transmission, drives the central rod 7 to rotate. The central rod 7 is fixedly connected to the guide head 1, and the central rod 7 drives the guide head 1 to rotate. At the same time, a high-density counterweight eccentric block 8 is also provided on the central rod 7. When the central rod 7 rotates, the eccentric block can bring a vibration effect to the central rod 7, transmitting a high-frequency signal to the guide head 1. Vibration can achieve better results, thereby breaking up or guiding blockages or coal lumps at the front end of the casing. During cementing, the cement also passes through the above-mentioned channels. Since the flow area of ​​the inlet hole 31 is significantly smaller than that of the casing, the cement will form a turbulent flow before entering the inlet hole 31. This turbulent flow can fully agitate the cement. When it enters from the inlet hole 31, it passes through the impeller 4 and gear in the cavity, impacting the impeller 4 to form a first-stage rectified agitation. The cement is agitated more thoroughly and then flows out from the center rod 7 and guide head 1.

[0045] At the same time, such as Figure 2 As shown, the transmission gear 5 is an external spur gear, and the reversing gear 6 is an internal bevel gear. The rotation direction of the transmission gear 5 is perpendicular to the output direction of the reversing gear 6. When the transmission gear 5 rotates clockwise around its own axis, the transmission gear 5 meshes with another transmission gear 5, causing the drive shaft of the reversing gear 6 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the drive shaft changes its rotation direction by 90° through the reversing gear 6, and the output shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the transmission gear 5. This design enables the power transmission to complete the steering in a narrow space, achieving efficient and stable power transmission.

[0046] In addition, a removable filter screen 32 is installed at the inlet end of the liquid inlet hole 31 to prevent gravel from entering the cavity with cement during the lowering process. After the filter screen intercepts large particles, it can avoid equipment failure caused by sudden blockage and protect internal parts, thus extending the service life of the equipment. The removable structure allows the filter screen to be removed directly for cleaning or replacement without disassembling the pipes or main unit, saving labor and time. Furthermore, different mesh sizes of filter screens can be replaced according to the concentration of impurities in the fluid.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figure 3As shown, a high-efficiency vibratory cementing tool, differing from Embodiment 1, features a semi-circular guide head 1. The circular head, based on aerodynamic principles, reduces pressure differential resistance, allowing the guide head 1 to advance more smoothly. Furthermore, the semi-circular geometric symmetry evenly distributes external pressure, enhancing the head's resistance to deformation and better resisting impacts or particle strikes. Additionally, when the guide head 1 is conical, the conical side's inclination angle gradually compresses debris to the surrounding area, rather than pushing it away instantly, better protecting the guide head 1. The conical structure also significantly… The reduced forward resistance allows the guide head 1 to advance smoothly. Simultaneously, the guide head 1 surface is equipped with spiral rock-breaking teeth 11. The spiral angle of the rock-breaking teeth matches the rotation direction of the central rod 7. The spike design of the rock-breaking teeth concentrates external force on a very small contact surface, generating extremely high local pressure, far exceeding the rock's compressive strength, achieving rapid crushing. Furthermore, the spiral design uses the centrifugal force generated during rotation to discharge rock cuttings outward along the spiral groove, preventing debris accumulation from affecting cutting efficiency. This design allows the guide head 1 to better break up gravel and other debris, facilitating the smooth insertion of cementing tools.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, a high-efficiency vibratory cementing tool, differing from Embodiment 1, has at least four inlet holes 31, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring 3. The number of inlet holes 31 can control the flow velocity within the cavity, and the impellers 4 can be arranged according to the positions of the inlet holes 31. Simultaneously, the center point of the outlet end of the inlet hole 31 is directly opposite the center point of the liquid-facing surface of the impeller 4 blades. When fluid enters from the inlet hole 31, the liquid carries a large momentum and is ejected, impacting the corresponding four sets of impellers 4 and spraying onto the center point of the liquid-facing surface of the impeller 4 blades. This efficiently converts the fluid's kinetic energy into the rotational mechanical energy of the impeller 4, reducing energy loss. Furthermore, the reverse rotation causes the relative velocities of the fluid and blades to superimpose, improving energy conversion efficiency. The impellers 4, positioned opposite each other, rotate in opposite directions, allowing the liquid within the cavity to rotate vertically with the impellers 4 while simultaneously rotating circumferentially along the support ring 3. This ensures the liquid within the mixing chamber is more thoroughly stirred, allowing broken stones and other debris to be promptly flushed away, preventing blockages.

[0051] In addition, the blades of impeller 4 adopt an asymmetrical curved surface design, with the liquid-facing surface of the blades being concave and the liquid-returning surface being convex. The concave surface acts like a "catch" for the fluid, allowing it to flow along the designed path. At the same time, it can more effectively convert the kinetic energy of the liquid into pressure energy. The smooth transition of the convex liquid-returning surface can delay fluid separation, avoid turbulence, reduce energy loss, accelerate fluid flow, and form a low-pressure zone. The combination of the two increases the pressure difference driving force and improves the energy conversion efficiency, making impeller 4 rotate more efficiently. This brings higher power to the rotation of the central rod 7, thereby achieving efficient vibration of the guide head 1.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, a high-efficiency vibratory cementing tool, differing from Embodiment 1, includes an upper section, a lower section, and a tapered transition section for the center rod 7. The upper section of the center rod 7 is a solid rod structure, which has stronger resistance to deformation and eliminates the risk of local buckling. It is connected to the support ring 3 via a retaining ring 72 and a bearing 73. The retaining ring 72 and bearing 73 connect the upper section of the center rod 7 to the support ring 3. The bearing 73 converts sliding friction into rolling friction, making the rotation of the center rod 7 smoother. It can simultaneously withstand radial force (the compression of the center rod 7 by the support ring 3) and axial force (the pressure in the limiting direction of the retaining ring 72). Furthermore, the symmetrical locking of the retaining ring 72 prevents... The eccentric wear caused by unilateral stress achieves rotational balance. This design can effectively increase the rotational speed of the center rod 7, thereby achieving efficient vibration of the guide head 1. The upper and lower sections of the center rod 7 are connected by a tapered transition section. At the same time, multiple guide holes 71 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the tapered transition section of the center rod 7. The end of the guide head 1 has a liquid outlet hole 12 that communicates with the guide holes 71. This allows the liquid that has been fully stirred in the cavity to be flushed out of the liquid outlet hole 12 at a high flow rate, flushing out the broken stones and other debris from the wellbore. This clears blockages and avoids problems such as friction and buckling, thereby achieving smooth and rapid casing installation.

[0054] For any parts not mentioned in this utility model, existing technologies can be used or referenced.

[0055] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0056] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency vibration cementing tool, comprising a guide head (1), a housing (2), and a support ring (3) and a center rod (7) disposed within the housing (2), characterized in that, The support ring (3) is fixed in the upper middle part of the outer shell (2). The support ring (3) is provided with a liquid inlet hole (31). Multiple sets of impellers (4) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the support ring (3) below the liquid inlet hole (31). The impellers (4) are connected to a transmission gear (5) through a transmission shaft (41). A reversing gear (6) that cooperates with the transmission gear (5) is connected to the central rod (7). The central rod (7) is fixedly connected to the guide head (1). A counterweight eccentric block (8) is connected to the central rod (7) so that the central rod (7) drives the guide head (1) to vibrate.

2. The high-efficiency vibration cementing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide head (1) is semi-circular or conical in shape, and the surface of the guide head (1) is provided with spiral rock-breaking teeth (11). The helix angle of the rock-breaking teeth (11) matches the rotation direction of the central rod (7).

3. The high-efficiency vibration cementing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are at least four liquid inlet holes (31), which are evenly distributed around the support ring (3).

4. The high-efficiency vibration cementing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center point of the outlet end of the liquid inlet (31) is directly opposite to the center point of the liquid-facing surface of the impeller (4) blades, and the rotation direction of the impeller (4) is opposite to that of the impeller (4) which is positioned relative to it.

5. The high-efficiency vibratory cementing tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blades of the impeller (4) are designed with an asymmetric curved surface, with the liquid-facing surface of the blades being concave and the liquid-repellent surface being convex.

6. The high-efficiency vibration cementing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet end of the liquid inlet hole (31) is provided with a removable filter screen (32).

7. The high-efficiency vibration cementing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central rod (7) includes an upper section, a lower section and a tapered transition section. The upper section of the central rod (7) is a solid rod structure and is connected to the support ring (3) by a snap ring (72) and a bearing (73). The lower section of the central rod (7) is a cylindrical structure with a diameter larger than that of the upper section. The upper and lower sections of the central rod (7) are connected by a tapered transition section.

8. The high-efficiency vibration cementing tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tapered transition section of the central rod (7) has a plurality of guide holes (71) evenly distributed around the circumference, and the end of the guide head (1) has a liquid outlet hole (12) that communicates with the guide holes (71).

9. The high-efficiency vibration cementing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission gear (5) is an external spur gear, and the reversing gear (6) is an internal bevel gear. The rotation direction of the transmission gear (5) is perpendicular to the output direction of the reversing gear (6).

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