Intelligent weighing type rainfall gauge

Abstract

The utility model provides an intelligent weighing type rainfall gauge, and belongs to the technical field of precipitation measurement. The problem that the rainfall intensity and the rainfall time period cannot be measured at the same time by a traditional rainfall meter is solved; according to the technical scheme, the weighing type rainfall sensor comprises a weighing type rainfall sensor body, the weighing type rainfall sensor body comprises a shell, the top of the shell is provided with a water bearing device, the shell is internally provided with a water measuring device, the water measuring device is communicated with the water bearing device through a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is provided with a water stopping valve, and the bottom of the water measuring device is communicated with the outside through a water outlet pipe. A water stop valve is installed on the water outlet pipe, a water drain valve is installed on the water outlet pipe, a high-precision pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the water meter, a control circuit board is further installed in the shell, the control circuit board is connected with the control ends of the water stop valve and the water drain valve through wires, and the control circuit board is further connected with the high-precision pressure sensor through a wire. The precipitation measuring device is applied to precipitation measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention provides an intelligent weighing rain gauge, belonging to the field of precipitation measurement technology. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the booming demand for applications such as the Internet of Things and smart meteorology, and the application of intelligent processing technology in sensors, sensors have evolved from digitalization and automation to intelligence. Replacing traditional instruments and equipment with new, intelligent methods has become a trend. Furthermore, with the continuous development of the economy and society and the occurrence of extreme weather events, the requirements for weather precipitation indicators are constantly increasing, demanding specific requirements for rainfall intensity and duration—something traditional rain gauges cannot provide. Currently, there are two types of traditional rain gauges: tipping bucket rain gauges and weighing precipitation sensors. However, tipping bucket rain gauges have a limited measurement range for rainfall intensity, large measurement errors, and poor measurement stability. While weighing precipitation sensors have a larger rainfall intensity measurement range and higher measurement error and stability than tipping bucket rain gauges, they currently cannot measure the start and end times of precipitation, making it impossible to statistically analyze the duration of precipitation, thus failing to meet current measurement requirements. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the problem that traditional rain gauges cannot simultaneously measure rainfall intensity and duration, this invention proposes an intelligent weighing rain gauge. By employing a high-precision pressure sensor combined with a rain sensor, it can measure parameters such as rainfall intensity, rainfall amount, and the start and end times of rainfall, thus meeting current measurement requirements.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: an intelligent weighing rain gauge, including a weighing rain sensor body, the weighing rain sensor body including a shell, a water collector installed on the top of the shell, a water meter installed inside the shell, the water meter being connected to the water collector through a water inlet pipe, a water shut-off valve being installed on the water inlet pipe, the bottom of the water meter being connected to the outside through a water outlet pipe, a water drain valve being installed on the water outlet pipe, a high-precision pressure sensor being installed at the bottom of the water meter, and a control circuit board being installed inside the shell, the control circuit board being connected to the control terminals of the water shut-off valve and the water drain valve respectively through wires, and the control circuit board being connected to the high-precision pressure sensor through wires.

[0005] Furthermore, the control circuit board also communicates with the rain sensor via wired or wireless means, and the rain sensor is located on one side of the housing or is set up separately.

[0006] Furthermore, the control circuit board integrates an acquisition and processing unit, a data storage unit, a communication unit, a measurement unit, a monitoring unit, a power management unit, and an interface unit. The acquisition and processing unit communicates bidirectionally with the data storage unit, the communication unit, the measurement unit, and the monitoring unit, respectively. The measurement unit communicates bidirectionally with the high-precision pressure sensor and the rain sensor.

[0007] Furthermore, the communication unit employs wired and / or wireless communication.

[0008] Furthermore, the power management unit includes a variable resistor NTC temperature measurement circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, and a current sampling circuit, used to sample the circuit temperature, operating voltage, and operating current.

[0009] Furthermore, the interface unit includes a power interface and an RS-interface. The power interface is connected to the power management unit via a wire, and the RS-interface is connected to the data acquisition and processing unit via a wire.

[0010] Furthermore, the weighing rain gauge body is a small weighing precipitation sensor.

[0011] Furthermore, the weighing rain gauge body is in the shape of a standard weighing precipitation sensor.

[0012] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the housing of the small weighing precipitation sensor is trapezoidal, the longitudinal section of the water collector is inverted trapezoidal, the bottom of the water meter is supported by a Z-shaped frame, and a high-precision pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the Z-shaped frame. A base is installed under the housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the high-precision pressure sensor adopts a pressure sensor with an error range within ±0.03%FS.

[0014] The advantages of this invention over existing technologies are as follows: The rain gauge provided by this invention combines a rain sensor and a rain gauge for measurement, thereby obtaining data on elements such as rainfall intensity, total precipitation, and precipitation period; the use of a water-stopping valve, weighing, and water-discharging valve structure for measurement allows for more accurate precipitation element data across the entire range (measurement accuracy <0.1mm). Compared with traditional tipping bucket rain gauges and weighing precipitation sensors, this invention has higher measurement accuracy and is superior to the other two in terms of rainfall intensity measurement range, maximum permissible error, precipitation period, and equipment stability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a small weighing rain gauge provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another standard weighing rain gauge provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] In the diagram: 1 is the outer casing, 2 is the water collector, 3 is the rain sensor, 4 is the water meter, 5 is the shut-off valve, 6 is the drain valve, 7 is the high-precision pressure sensor, 8 is the chassis, 9 is the control circuit board, and 10 is the cable. Detailed Implementation

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model provides an intelligent weighing rain gauge, including a weighing rain sensor body. The weighing rain gauge body includes a shell 1, a water collector 2 is provided on the top of the shell 1, and a water meter 4 is provided inside the shell 1. The water meter 4 is connected to the water collector 2 through a water inlet pipe, and a water shut-off valve 5 is installed on the water inlet pipe. The bottom of the water meter 4 is connected to the outside through a water outlet pipe to discharge rainwater / snow water and other liquids. A drain valve 6 is installed on the water outlet pipe. A high-precision pressure sensor 7 is installed at the bottom of the water meter 4 for measuring the water volume. The system measures the weight of the water inside the casing 1, converting it into volume to measure rainfall amount and intensity. A control circuit board 9 is also installed inside the casing 1. This control circuit board 9 integrates a data acquisition and processing unit, a data storage unit, a communication unit, a measurement unit, a monitoring unit, a power management unit, and an interface unit. A rain sensor 3 is also installed on one side of the casing 1. The rain sensor 3 is connected to the measurement unit via a cable 10 or wirelessly. The rain sensor 3 is used to detect rainfall, thus enabling statistical analysis of rainfall periods. The control circuit board 9 is also connected to the control terminals of the shut-off valve 5 and the drain valve 6 via wires to control the opening and closing of the two valves.

[0021] The data acquisition and processing unit communicates bidirectionally with the data storage unit, communication unit, measurement unit, and monitoring unit. The measurement unit is connected to the high-precision pressure sensor 7 via a wire. The measurement unit starts measuring the weight of the water in the water meter 4 through the high-precision pressure sensor 7 and transmits the weight signal to the data acquisition and processing unit.

[0022] The monitoring unit is used to monitor the working status of the internal circuit of the weighing rain gauge and the high-precision pressure sensor 7 in real time. After generating a status signal, it is fed back to the acquisition and processing unit to realize the monitoring of the status of the internal circuit temperature, working voltage, working current, and high-precision pressure sensor 7 of the weighing rain gauge.

[0023] The data acquisition and processing unit is used to acquire signals from the measurement unit and status monitoring information from the monitoring unit. It processes the acquired data and status information, calculating minute precipitation (rainfall intensity), total precipitation (rainfall amount), and precipitation period based on the size of the catchment area. The processed data is stored according to a real-time clock and transmitted via wireless or wired networking according to the specified communication protocol. Specifically, the measurement unit is an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and the data acquisition and processing unit is an embedded processor. The ADC converts the data acquired by the high-precision pressure sensor 7 and the rain sensor 3 into digital signals. The embedded processor enables automatic acquisition, processing, storage, and transmission of the observation data.

[0024] The communication unit can employ wired and / or wireless communication, wherein wireless communication can employ Wi-Fi communication and be implemented through devices such as a Wi-Fi driver (or Wi-Fi chip) and a Wi-Fi antenna.

[0025] The power management unit converts the externally input power supply into the power required by the internal components. This can be achieved through a DC-DC converter module, and a lithium battery is used to power the rain gauge. The power management unit also includes an NTC variable resistor temperature measurement circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, and a current sampling circuit to sample the circuit temperature, operating voltage, and operating current.

[0026] The interface unit includes a power interface and an RS232 interface. The power interface is connected to the power management unit via a wire, and the RS232 interface is connected to the data acquisition and processing unit via a wire. It can be connected to an external host computer or storage device to export data.

[0027] The data storage unit uses an SD card to store the collected and processed data and status information.

[0028] To improve the automation level of intelligent weighing rain gauges, functions such as self-processing, self-networking, self-detection, self-diagnosis, self-recovery, and remote upgrades can be achieved by using existing embedded operating systems and existing machine learning models.

[0029] Self-processing: It can automatically collect, process, control the quality of, store and transmit observation data. The processing mainly realizes the calculation of rainfall, and the quality control is the quality control of the observed rainfall data (see CN 114282438 A, Meteorological Intelligent Integrated Processor, Equipment and System).

[0030] Self-organizing network: It can automatically connect to the Wi-Fi Internet of Things centered on the intelligent integrated processor and operate in a coordinated manner under the management of the intelligent integrated processor.

[0031] Self-testing: This means using a monitoring unit to detect the electrical signals of each component, obtain information on signal damage and component aging, determine the working status of each component, and generate status information for each component.

[0032] Self-diagnosis: It can automatically detect equipment status, quality control and other information, locate and alarm abnormalities based on equipment operation status, and facilitate real-time monitoring and maintenance.

[0033] Self-recovery: It can automatically recover to a standard state based on the device status information and self-diagnostic results. This can be achieved in the following ways:

[0034] Hardware redundancy: Critical modules (such as power supply and communication interface) adopt primary and backup redundancy, and automatically switch to the backup module;

[0035] Software redundancy: Running multiple independent process instances and achieving failover through heartbeat detection and election mechanisms (such as the Paxos algorithm).

[0036] Remote upgrade: Enables remote upgrades of the embedded program for the intelligent weighing rain gauge via an intelligent integrated processor.

[0037] The software algorithms involved in the above-mentioned self-processing, self-networking, self-detection, self-diagnosis, self-recovery, and remote upgrade are not improved in this utility model and can be achieved by using existing technologies. This utility model mainly achieves high-precision measurement of rainfall intensity, rainfall amount, and precipitation period by using a rain sensor 3 combined with a high-precision pressure sensor 7, and setting a water-cutting valve 5 and a water-draining valve 6.

[0038] The working principle of this invention is as follows: the rain sensor 3 is detected every 2 seconds. When the rain sensor 3 detects rainfall more than 5 times within 1 minute, the water shut-off valve 5 opens, allowing the rainfall collected by the water collector 2 to enter the water measuring device 4. Then, the water shut-off valve 5 closes, and the measuring unit begins measurement. After the measurement is completed, the drain valve 6 is opened to empty the water in the water measuring device 4, and the cycle repeats after 1 minute. Based on the size of the water collection port, the minute rainfall (rain intensity), the total rainfall (rainfall), and the duration of rainfall can be calculated.

[0039] In this embodiment, the high-precision pressure sensor 7 is a pressure sensor with a final rain gauge measurement accuracy of <0.1mm.

[0040] like Figure 2As shown in the embodiment of this application, a specific implementation structure of a small weighing rain gauge is provided, which includes a shell 1 with a trapezoidal longitudinal section. A water collector 2 is installed on the top of the shell 1, and the longitudinal section of the water collector 2 is an inverted trapezoid, which can collect rainwater / snow water, etc. Inside the shell 1, a water measuring device 4 is installed. The water measuring device 4 is connected to the water collector 2 through a water inlet pipe, and a water shut-off valve 5 is installed on the water inlet pipe. The bottom of the water measuring device 4 is connected to the outside through a water outlet pipe to discharge rainwater / snow water and other liquids. A drain valve 6 is installed on the water outlet pipe. The bottom of the water measuring device 4 is supported by a Z-shaped frame, and a high-precision pressure sensor 7 is installed at the bottom of the Z-shaped frame. The high-precision pressure sensor 7 can detect the weight of the water in the water measuring device 4. The weight is then converted into volume to obtain the volume of water in the water measuring device 4, thereby obtaining the precipitation intensity and precipitation amount. A control circuit board 9 is installed at the bottom of the shell 1. A base 8 is installed below the shell 1, and the rain gauge can be stably installed on the ground or a corresponding platform through the base 8. A rain sensor 3 can be installed separately on one side of the housing 1, and the rain sensor 3 is connected to the control circuit board 9 via cable 10.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a specific implementation structure of a standard rain gauge in the form of a weighing rain gauge is provided. It includes a cylindrical outer shell 1. A water collector 2 is installed on the top of the outer shell 1, with a funnel-shaped bottom. The funnel of the water collector 2 is placed inside the outer shell 1. A water measuring device 4 is installed below the water collector 2. The water measuring device 4 is connected to the water collector 2 via an inlet pipe, on which a water shut-off valve 5 is installed. The bottom of the water measuring device 4 is connected to the outside via an outlet pipe to discharge rainwater / snow water and other liquids. A drain valve 6 is installed on the outlet pipe. The water measuring device 4 is fixed to the bottom inside the outer shell 1 by a support frame. A high-precision pressure sensor 7 is installed on the support frame. A control circuit board 9 is installed on one side of the bottom inside the outer shell 1. Three support legs are installed on the bottom outside the outer shell 1, allowing the rain gauge to be stably installed on the ground or a corresponding platform. A rain sensor 3 is installed on the outside of the water collector 2 via a mounting bracket. The rain sensor 3 can be a wireless rain sensor, which communicates wirelessly with the control circuit board 9.

[0042] Table 1 below compares the measurement performance of this invention with that of traditional tipping bucket rain gauges and weighing precipitation sensors:

[0043] Table 1 Comparison of Measurement Performance Indicators

[0044] .

[0045] As shown in Table 1, the rain gauge proposed in this invention is superior to the other two in terms of rainfall intensity measurement range, maximum permissible error, precipitation period, and equipment stability. Furthermore, this invention can achieve high-precision measurement across the entire measurement range (measurement accuracy < 0.1 mm), meets the requirements for heavy precipitation under extreme weather conditions, minimizes precipitation loss during measurement, and meets the requirements for electrical performance, lightning protection, and climatic environment.

[0046] Regarding the specific structure of this utility model, it should be noted that the connection relationships between the various component modules adopted in this utility model are definite and achievable. Except as specifically described in the embodiments, their specific connection relationships can bring about corresponding technical effects and solve the technical problems proposed by this utility model without relying on the execution of corresponding software programs. The models of the components, modules, and specific components appearing in this utility model, the connection methods between them, and the conventional usage methods and expected technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned technical features, unless specifically described, are all publicly disclosed content in patents, journal articles, technical manuals, technical dictionaries, and textbooks that can be obtained by those skilled in the art before the application date, or belong to conventional technology, common knowledge, and other existing technologies in this field. There is no need to elaborate, which makes the technical solution provided in this case clear, complete, and achievable, and can reproduce or obtain corresponding physical products based on this technical means.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An intelligent weighing rain gauge, characterized in that: The weighing rain sensor body includes a housing (1), a water collector (2) is installed on the top of the housing (1), a water meter (4) is installed inside the housing (1), the water meter (4) is connected to the water collector (2) through the water inlet pipe, a water shut-off valve (5) is installed on the water inlet pipe, the bottom of the water meter (4) is connected to the outside through the water outlet pipe, a water drain valve (6) is installed on the water outlet pipe, a high-precision pressure sensor (7) is installed at the bottom of the water meter (4), and a control circuit board (9) is also installed inside the housing (1). The control circuit board (9) is connected to the control terminals of the water shut-off valve (5) and the water drain valve (6) through wires respectively. The control circuit board (9) is also connected to the high-precision pressure sensor (7) through wires.

2. The intelligent weighing rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit board (9) also communicates with the rain sensor (3) via wired or wireless means. The rain sensor (3) is located on one side of the housing (1) or is set up separately.

3. The intelligent weighing rain gauge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control circuit board (9) integrates an acquisition and processing unit, a data storage unit, a communication unit, a measurement unit, a monitoring unit, a power management unit, and an interface unit. The acquisition and processing unit communicates bidirectionally with the data storage unit, the communication unit, the measurement unit, and the monitoring unit, respectively. The measurement unit communicates bidirectionally with the high-precision pressure sensor (7) and the rain sensor (3).

4. The intelligent weighing rain gauge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The communication unit employs wired and / or wireless communication.

5. The intelligent weighing rain gauge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power management unit includes a variable resistor NTC temperature measurement circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, and a current sampling circuit, which are used to sample the circuit temperature, operating voltage, and operating current.

6. The intelligent weighing rain gauge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The interface unit includes a power interface and an RS232 interface. The power interface is connected to the power management unit via a wire, and the RS232 interface is connected to the data acquisition and processing unit via a wire.

7. An intelligent weighing rain gauge according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The weighing rain gauge body is shaped like a small weighing precipitation sensor.

8. An intelligent weighing rain gauge according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The weighing rain gauge body is the same shape as the standard weighing precipitation sensor.

9. The intelligent weighing rain gauge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the outer shell (1) of the small weighing precipitation sensor is trapezoidal, the longitudinal section of the water collector (2) is inverted trapezoidal, the bottom of the water meter (4) is supported by a Z-shaped frame, and a high-precision pressure sensor (7) is installed at the bottom of the Z-shaped frame. A base (8) is installed below the outer shell (1).

10. An intelligent weighing rain gauge according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The high-precision pressure sensor (7) adopts a pressure sensor with an error range within ±0.03%FS.

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