Solid-liquid phase countercurrent reaction equipment with multiple tanks connected in series
By using a multi-tank series countercurrent solid-liquid phase reaction device, the mixing and separation process of the solid and liquid phases is optimized, solving the problems of high energy consumption, large footprint and low efficiency of fluidized bed reactors, and realizing high-efficiency and low-cost solid-liquid phase reaction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KUNMING ENG & RES INST OF NONFERROUS METALLURGY
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing fluidized bed reactors suffer from problems such as numerous equipment and facilities, high energy consumption, large footprint, low reaction efficiency, insufficient mixing of solid and liquid phases, and difficulty in fully utilizing the adsorption capacity of raw materials.
The solid-liquid phase countercurrent reaction equipment adopts multiple tanks connected in series. The bottom tank and top tank are designed as curved or inverted cone structures, and the middle tank is optional. By setting the positions of the liquid inlet, air inlet, liquid outlet and solid material inlet, the countercurrent operation of the solid and liquid phases is realized. Combined with the overflow weir and three-phase separator, the mixing and separation process is optimized.
It improves the reaction efficiency of adsorption and leaching, reduces energy consumption and floor space, simplifies equipment structure, and reduces maintenance difficulty and cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN224127254U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of solid-liquid reaction equipment, specifically relating to a multi-tank series countercurrent solid-liquid phase reaction equipment with simple structure, high reaction efficiency, and low investment, land occupation, and energy consumption. Background Technology
[0002] Adsorption involves absorbing substances from a liquid phase into a solid phase, while leaching involves dissolving substances from a solid phase into a liquid phase. Although the principles of adsorption and leaching differ, the equipment used is essentially the same, primarily consisting of fixed-bed reactors and fluidized-bed reactors. Current fixed-bed reactors suffer from difficulties in changing the reaction bed, while existing fluidized-bed reactors also present several problems: the solid and liquid phases must be mixed before entering the fluidized-bed reactor and separated after leaving, resulting in numerous equipment requirements, high energy consumption, and large footprint; furthermore, existing fluidized-bed reactors are completely mixed reactors, making it difficult to fully utilize the adsorption capacity of the raw materials, thus hindering the dissolution of substances from the solid phase into the liquid phase; additionally, the low concentration of the reaction packing material leads to low reaction efficiency.
[0003] In existing technologies, to address the problems of fluidized bed reactors, some methods involve adding internal structures such as baffles, baffles, and packing to enhance fluid circulation within the guide tube. This effectively breaks up large bubbles, improves gas-solid phase contact, significantly reduces backmixing, and thus increases reaction efficiency. However, these internal structures can increase bed resistance, leading to higher energy consumption. Furthermore, the guide tube is prone to clogging, increasing the complexity of the equipment structure and the difficulty of maintenance. To address this, three-phase fluidized bed (gas-liquid-solid coupled fluidization) technology is developed, optimizing aeration methods (such as jet aeration and microporous aeration) to achieve efficient mixing of the gas, liquid, and solid phases. This avoids problems such as localized carrier accumulation, uneven flow velocity, or gas short-circuiting, thereby improving fluidization quality and the uniformity of gas-solid phase contact, ultimately enhancing reaction efficiency. However, optimizing the gas distribution device requires high design and manufacturing precision, and turbulent carrier particles can exacerbate wear, leading to a large maintenance workload. Additionally, high aeration rates can easily form large bubbles, reducing oxygen utilization and severely impacting fluidization and reaction performance. In addition, there are methods that combine fluidized beds with membrane modules (such as ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes) to achieve simultaneous reaction and separation, thereby reducing the coupling of fluidized bed and membrane separation processes in subsequent treatment facilities. Although membrane-retained microorganisms can prolong sludge retention time, improve the removal rate of recalcitrant substances, and eliminate the need for auxiliary facilities such as sedimentation tanks, thus reducing the footprint, membranes can increase resistance, leading to higher energy consumption. Particle scouring can also easily cause membrane clogging, requiring frequent backwashing, and membrane modules and maintenance costs are relatively high. Of course, there are also technical solutions that use novel carriers with high specific surface area and low density (such as modified activated carbon, porous ceramics, and magnetic particles) to enhance mass transfer rates and reduce diffusion resistance. However, the preparation process of modified materials is complex, resulting in high application costs, and many novel carriers have insufficient mechanical strength, making them prone to breakage during long-term fluidization and requiring periodic replacement, further increasing costs.
[0004] Therefore, developing a solid-liquid phase reaction device with high adsorption or leaching reaction efficiency, low energy consumption, and small footprint is of great significance for solving the problems existing in current fluidized bed reactors. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides a multi-tank series countercurrent reaction device that features a simple structure, high reaction efficiency, and low investment, land occupation, and energy consumption.
[0006] The multi-tank series countercurrent solid-liquid phase reaction device of this utility model is implemented as follows: it includes a bottom tank and a top tank. The bottom of both the bottom tank and the top tank is a curved body or an inverted cone structure with a bottom opening at the bottom end. The lower part of the bottom tank is provided with a liquid inlet and an air inlet, respectively. The liquid inlet is connected to a liquid supply device, and the air inlet is connected to an air supply device. The top of the bottom tank is a curved body or an inverted cone structure with a top opening at the top. The top of the top tank is open and the upper part is provided with a liquid outlet and a solid material inlet, respectively. The solid material inlet is higher than the liquid outlet. The top tank is vertically connected in series above the bottom tank, and the bottom opening of the top tank is connected to the top opening of the bottom tank.
[0007] Furthermore, at least one intermediate tank is connected in series between the bottom tank and the top tank. The top and bottom of the intermediate tank are both curved surfaces or inverted cone structures. The top of the intermediate tank is provided with a top opening that communicates with the bottom opening of the intermediate tank or the top tank of the previous level. The bottom of the intermediate tank is provided with a bottom opening that communicates with the top opening of the intermediate tank or the bottom tank of the next level.
[0008] Furthermore, the top tank is provided with an overflow weir at its upper part, the liquid outlet is located on the outside of the overflow weir, and the opening of the solid material inlet is located on the inside of the overflow weir.
[0009] Furthermore, a three-phase separator is provided at the top of the top tank, the three-phase separator is lower than the liquid outlet, and an exhaust pipe extending upward and higher than the liquid outlet is provided at the top of the three-phase separator.
[0010] Furthermore, the three-phase separator includes an umbrella-shaped collection section, the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the collection section, and the bottom end of the collection section is lower than the liquid outlet and has a gap with the inner wall of the top tank.
[0011] Furthermore, the bottom end of the solid material inlet is fixedly connected to a guide pipe extending to the middle or lower part of the top tank.
[0012] Furthermore, supports are provided on the outer walls of the bottom tank, top tank, and middle tank, and are respectively fixed to the bracket by the supports.
[0013] Furthermore, the outer walls of the bottom tank, top tank, and middle tank are provided with at least three supports spaced apart or with annular supports, and the bottom tank, top tank, and middle tank are fixedly mounted on the support beam of the bracket by the corresponding supports.
[0014] Furthermore, the support is vertically arranged and has multiple layers of supporting beams spaced apart from top to bottom. The supporting beams in the same layer form a hollow polygonal structure. Multiple supports are spaced apart circumferentially on the outer walls of the bottom tank, top tank, and middle tank. The bottom tank, top tank, and middle tank are respectively fixed to the supporting beams of the corresponding hollow polygonal structure by the supports spaced apart on the outer walls.
[0015] Furthermore, at least two sets of solid-liquid phase countercurrent reaction equipment, consisting of a bottom tank, a middle tank, and a top tank connected in series, are fixed in parallel on the support.
[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] 1. This utility model, through a series design of a bottom tank, a top tank, and possibly a middle tank, has a simpler structure compared to solutions that add complex internal components inside the guide tube. This reduces the risk of blockage caused by complex internal structures and also lowers the complexity of the equipment structure and the difficulty of maintenance. Moreover, by setting a liquid inlet and an air inlet at the bottom of the bottom tank and a liquid outlet and a solid material inlet at the top of the top tank, countercurrent operation of the solid and liquid phases is achieved, resulting in efficient mass transfer (adsorption or leaching) driven by a concentration gradient. This improves the utilization rate of the raw material adsorption capacity and significantly increases the solid phase dissolution efficiency, effectively improving the reaction efficiency and effect of adsorption and leaching. It solves the problems of existing fluidized bed reactors that are difficult to fully utilize the adsorption capacity of the raw materials and difficult to dissolve solid substances into the liquid phase.
[0018] 2. This utility model adopts curved or inverted conical structures at the bottom and top of the bottom and middle tanks, making the bottom and top of the tank narrow and the middle section wide. The mixture flows quickly and the gas turbulence is large at the bottom and top of the tank, which can enhance the mixing effect of the solid and liquid phases. The mixture flows slowly and the gas turbulence is small at the middle section of the bottom and middle tanks, which allows the solid material to move slowly downward to achieve countercurrent operation, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of adsorption or leaching. In addition, the top tank is equipped with overflow weirs, three-phase separators and other structures to optimize material separation and reaction environment, further improving reaction efficiency. Moreover, the multi-stage series connection can also avoid dead zones and short circuits.
[0019] 3. This utility model has an air inlet in the bottom tank, and pressurized gas enters from the bottom tank, thereby disturbing the lower layers of the bottom tank, middle tank and top tank, which can further enhance the mixing effect of solid and liquid phases and improve the reaction efficiency of adsorption and leaching.
[0020] 4. This utility model achieves solid-liquid phase mixing, reaction, and solid-liquid separation in a single unit by connecting multiple tanks in series and fixing them with a compact support. Compared with existing fluidized bed reactors, which have more equipment and a larger footprint, this effectively saves space and reduces the floor area required. Moreover, the multi-tank series connection of this utility model does not have complex internal components, so the bed resistance is lower and there is no increase in resistance caused by membrane modules, thereby reducing energy consumption while ensuring reaction efficiency. Furthermore, it does not use expensive and easily damaged components such as membrane modules that require frequent maintenance, avoiding the high cost of using such components. At the same time, the simple structure also reduces equipment manufacturing costs, effectively reducing equipment procurement and operating costs.
[0021] In summary, this utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, high reaction efficiency, and low investment, land occupation, and energy consumption. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view;
[0024] Figure 3 This is the second structural schematic diagram of this utility model;
[0025] In the diagram, 1-bottom tank, 2-top tank, 3-bottom opening of tank, 4-top opening of tank, 5-liquid inlet, 6-air inlet, 7-middle tank, 8-liquid outlet, 9-solid material inlet, 11-overflow weir, 12-three-phase separator, 13-exhaust pipe, 14-material guide pipe, 15-support, 16-bracket. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this does not limit the present invention in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the teachings of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0027] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, this utility model includes a bottom tank 1 and a top tank 2. The bottom of both the bottom tank 1 and the top tank 2 is a curved or inverted cone structure with a bottom opening 3 at the bottom end. The lower part of the bottom tank 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 5 and an air inlet 6. The liquid inlet 5 is connected to a liquid supply device, and the air inlet 6 is connected to an air supply device. The top of the bottom tank 1 is a curved or inverted cone structure with a top opening 4 at the top. The top of the top tank 2 is open and is provided with a liquid outlet 8 and a solid material inlet 9 at the top. The solid material inlet 9 is higher than the liquid outlet 8. The top tank 2 is vertically connected above the bottom tank 1, and the bottom opening 3 of the top tank 2 is connected to the top opening 4 of the bottom tank 1.
[0028] At least one intermediate tank 7 is connected in series between the bottom tank 1 and the top tank 2. The top and bottom of the intermediate tank 7 are both curved or inverted cone structures. The top of the intermediate tank 7 is provided with a top opening 4 that communicates with the bottom opening 3 of the upper intermediate tank 7 or the top tank 2. The bottom of the intermediate tank 7 is provided with a bottom opening 3 that communicates with the top opening 4 of the lower intermediate tank 7 or the bottom tank 1.
[0029] The top tank 2 is provided with an overflow weir 11 at its upper part, the liquid outlet 8 is located on the outside of the overflow weir 11, and the opening of the solid material inlet 9 is located on the inside of the overflow weir 11.
[0030] A three-phase separator 12 is provided on the upper part of the top tank 2. The three-phase separator 12 is lower than the liquid outlet 8. An exhaust pipe 13 extending upward and with its top end higher than the liquid outlet 8 is provided on the top of the three-phase separator 12.
[0031] The three-phase separator 12 includes an umbrella-shaped collection section, the exhaust pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the collection section, the bottom of the collection section is lower than the liquid outlet 8 and there is a gap between it and the inner wall of the top tank 2.
[0032] The bottom end of the solid material inlet 9 is fixedly connected to a guide pipe 14 that extends to the middle or lower part of the top tank 2.
[0033] Supports 15 are provided on the outer walls of the bottom tank 1, the top tank 2 and the middle tank 7, and are respectively fixed to the bracket 16 by the supports 15.
[0034] The outer walls of the bottom tank 1, top tank 2 and middle tank 7 are provided with at least three supports 15 or annular supports 15 at intervals. The bottom tank 1, top tank 2 and middle tank 7 are fixedly mounted on the support beam of the bracket 16 by the corresponding supports 15.
[0035] The bracket 16 is vertically arranged and has multiple layers of supporting beams spaced apart from top to bottom. The supporting beams in the same layer form a hollow polygonal structure. Multiple supports 15 are spaced apart circumferentially on the outer walls of the bottom tank 1, top tank 2 and middle tank 7. The bottom tank 1, top tank 2 and middle tank 7 are respectively fixed to the supporting beams of the hollow polygonal structure in the corresponding layer by the supports 15 spaced apart on the outer walls.
[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, at least two sets of bottom tank 1, middle tank 7 and top tank 2 are connected in parallel and fixed on the support 16 to form a solid-liquid phase countercurrent reaction device.
[0037] It should be noted that the parallel solid-liquid phase countercurrent reaction devices on the support 16 can also be connected end to end through pipelines. If necessary, pressurization or lifting devices can be connected in series on the pipelines to form a multi-stage structure to achieve graded adsorption or leaching.
[0038] The working principle and process of this utility model:
[0039] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, during operation, wastewater and leaching agents are introduced into the lower part of the bottom tank 1 through the liquid inlet 5, forming an upward movement; simultaneously, pressurized gas is introduced into the lower part of the bottom tank 1 through the air inlet 6, also forming an upward movement; while concentrate and adsorption raw materials enter from the solid material inlet 9 through the feed pipe 14 into the area below the three-phase separator 12 in the top tank 2, forming a downward movement, thereby realizing the overflow reaction of the solid and liquid phases; during the reaction process, due to the narrow bottom and top and wide waist of the bottom tank 1 and the middle tank 7, the mixed liquid flows through the connected tank bottom inlet 3 and tank top inlet 4. The high speed and large gas turbulence enhance the mixing effect of the solid and liquid phases. The slow flow rate and small gas turbulence in the middle of the mixture allow the solid phase to move slowly downwards, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of adsorption or leaching. The gas moving upwards in the top tank 2 is captured by the three-phase separator 12 and then discharged or reused from the exhaust pipe 13. The liquid after the reaction is completed overflows from the overflow weir 11 of the top tank 2 and flows out through the liquid outlet 8. The sludge or tailings are discharged from the bottom port 3 of the bottom tank 1 after the reaction is completed or after the predetermined reaction time, thus completing the adsorption and purification of wastewater or the leaching of effective components of concentrate.
[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A multi-tank series countercurrent reaction apparatus, characterized in that: The container includes a bottom tank (1) and a top tank (2). The bottom of both the bottom tank (1) and the top tank (2) is a curved or inverted cone structure with a bottom opening (3). The bottom tank (1) is provided with a liquid inlet (5) and an air inlet (6) at the bottom. The liquid inlet (5) is connected to a liquid supply device, and the air inlet (6) is connected to an air supply device. The top of the bottom tank (1) is a curved or inverted cone structure with a top opening (4) at the top. The top of the top tank (2) is open and is provided with a liquid outlet (8) and a solid material inlet (9) at the top. The solid material inlet (9) is higher than the liquid outlet (8). The top tank (2) is vertically connected above the bottom tank (1). The bottom opening (3) of the top tank (2) is connected to the top opening (4) of the bottom tank (1).
2. The solid-liquid phase countercurrent reaction equipment with multiple tanks connected in series according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one intermediate tank (7) is connected in series between the bottom tank (1) and the top tank (2). The top and bottom of the intermediate tank (7) are both curved surfaces or inverted cone structures. The top of the intermediate tank (7) is provided with a top opening (4) that communicates with the bottom opening (3) of the intermediate tank (7) or the top tank (2) of the previous level. The bottom of the intermediate tank (7) is provided with a bottom opening (3) that communicates with the top opening (4) of the intermediate tank (7) or the bottom tank (1) of the next level.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: The top tank (2) is provided with an overflow weir (11) at its upper part. The liquid outlet (8) is located on the outside of the overflow weir (11), and the opening of the solid material inlet (9) is located on the inside of the overflow weir (11).
4. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: A three-phase separator (12) is provided on the upper part of the top tank (2). The three-phase separator (12) is lower than the liquid outlet (8). An exhaust pipe (13) extending upward and with its top end higher than the liquid outlet (8) is provided on the top of the three-phase separator (12).
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: The three-phase separator (12) includes an umbrella-shaped collection section, the exhaust pipe (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the collection section, the bottom of the collection section is lower than the liquid outlet (8) and there is a gap between it and the inner wall of the top tank (2).
6. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: The bottom end of the solid material inlet (9) is fixedly connected to a guide pipe (14) extending to the middle or lower part of the top tank (2).
7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein: The bottom tank (1), top tank (2) and middle tank (7) are all provided with supports (15) on their outer walls, and are respectively fixed to the bracket (16) by the supports (15).
8. The solid-liquid phase countercurrent reaction equipment with multiple tanks connected in series according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer walls of the bottom tank (1), top tank (2) and middle tank (7) are provided with at least 3 supports (15) or annular supports (15) at intervals. The bottom tank (1), top tank (2) and middle tank (7) are fixedly mounted on the support beam of the bracket (16) by the corresponding supports (15).
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: The bracket (16) is vertically arranged and has multiple layers of supporting beams spaced apart from top to bottom. The supporting beams in the same layer form a hollow polygonal structure. Multiple supports (15) are spaced apart around the outer walls of the bottom tank (1), top tank (2) and middle tank (7). The bottom tank (1), top tank (2) and middle tank (7) are respectively fixed to the supporting beams of the hollow polygonal structure of the corresponding layer by the supports (15) spaced apart on the outer walls.
10. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus is characterized by: The support (16) is fixed in parallel with at least two sets of bottom tanks (1), middle tanks (7) and top tanks (2) forming a solid-liquid phase countercurrent reaction device.