Vertical radial flow adsorber integrating Z-shaped adsorption and pi-shaped desorption

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gas adsorption of adsorbers, in particular to a Z-type adsorption and pi-type desorption integrated vertical radial flow adsorber which comprises an adsorber tank body, the adsorber tank body comprises an adsorption gas inlet pipe, a gas flow distribution channel, a lower sealing head, an adsorber outer wall, an annular channel, an external cylindrical screen, an external adsorption layer, a middle cylindrical screen, an internal adsorption layer, an internal cylindrical screen, a central channel, an upper sealing head, a first program control valve, an adsorption gas outlet pipe, a regeneration gas inlet pipe, a second program control valve and a regeneration gas inlet channel; a vertically arranged central channel is arranged in the middle of the adsorber tank body; a lower sealing head and an airflow distribution channel are sequentially arranged at the bottom end in the adsorber tank body, and an upper sealing head is arranged at the top end in the adsorber tank body. According to the utility model, Z-type adsorption and pi-type desorption are combined by changing an adsorption-desorption gas path, so that flow matching and uniform flow field in the adsorption-desorption process of the adsorber are realized, and the efficiency of the whole adsorber is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gas adsorption technology for adsors, and in particular to a vertical radial flow adsorber that integrates Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, obtaining industrial gases from ambient air requires pretreatment using air purifiers to prevent the precipitation of impurities such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, acetylene, and other hydrocarbons, which could lead to blockages or even explosions. In recent years, the steel, metallurgy, chemical, aerospace, and liquid air energy storage industries have experienced rapid development, resulting in a dramatic increase in the demand for industrial gases. Correspondingly, air purification equipment has been developing towards larger scale and lower energy consumption. Compared to traditional vertical axial flow adsorbers and horizontal vertical flow adsorbers, vertical radial flow adsorbers offer numerous advantages, including smaller footprint, lower bed pressure drop, and lower desorption energy consumption, making them more suitable for large-scale air separation applications.

[0003] In the operation of traditional vertical radial flow adsorbers, the desorption process is a countercurrent to the adsorption process. However, this countercurrent flow results in uneven axial flow distribution within the adsorber, leading to low desorption efficiency and high energy consumption, thus limiting the overall operating efficiency of the adsorber. Therefore, structural optimization design is needed for the desorption process of vertical radial flow adsorbers to match the axial flow during adsorption and desorption, thereby improving desorption efficiency, reducing desorption energy consumption, and accelerating desorption time. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a vertical radial flow adsorber that integrates Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption. By controlling the valve to switch the regeneration gas path, the axial flow rate during adsorption and desorption is matched, and the layered structure can simultaneously enhance the adsorption and desorption processes, ultimately achieving high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption operation of the vertical radial flow adsorber.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A vertical radial flow adsorber integrating Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption includes an adsorber tank, which includes an adsorption inlet pipe, an airflow distribution channel, a lower end cap, an adsorber outer wall, an annular channel, an outer cylindrical screen, an outer adsorption layer, a middle cylindrical screen, an inner adsorption layer, an inner cylindrical screen, a central channel, an upper end cap, a first programmable valve, an adsorption outlet pipe, a regeneration inlet pipe, a second programmable valve, and a regeneration inlet channel.

[0007] The adsorber tank has a vertically arranged central channel in the middle, which is composed of an internal cylindrical screen; the bottom of the adsorber tank has a lower end cap and an airflow distribution channel in sequence, and the top of the adsorber tank has an upper end cap.

[0008] An adsorption inlet pipe is provided at the center of the lower end of the adsorber tank, and the adsorption inlet pipe is connected to the airflow distribution channel; an adsorption outlet pipe is provided at the center of the upper end of the adsorber tank, and the adsorption outlet pipe is connected to the central channel through a first programmable valve.

[0009] The bottom of the central channel is connected to a regeneration air intake channel, which extends to the outside of the adsorber tank and is connected to a regeneration air intake pipe. A second programmable valve is provided between the regeneration air intake pipe and the regeneration air intake channel.

[0010] The inner side of the outer wall of the adsorber is provided with an annular channel, and the inner side of the annular channel is provided with an outer cylindrical screen and a middle cylindrical screen in sequence; an outer adsorption layer is provided between the outer cylindrical screen and the middle cylindrical screen; and an inner adsorption layer is provided between the middle cylindrical screen and the inner cylindrical screen.

[0011] Preferably, the outer adsorption layer comprises, from bottom to top, a first outer adsorption layer, a second outer adsorption layer, a third outer adsorption layer, a fourth outer adsorption layer, and a fifth outer adsorption layer; the adsorption particle size of the first outer adsorption layer, the second outer adsorption layer, the third outer adsorption layer, the fourth outer adsorption layer, and the fifth outer adsorption layer gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0012] Preferably, the inner adsorption layer comprises, from bottom to top, an inner first adsorption layer, an inner second adsorption layer, an inner third adsorption layer, an inner fourth adsorption layer, and an inner fifth adsorption layer; the adsorption particle size of the inner first adsorption layer, inner second adsorption layer, inner third adsorption layer, inner fourth adsorption layer, and inner fifth adsorption layer gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0013] Preferably, the top side of the adsorber tank is provided with an inner adsorption layer inlet and an outer adsorption layer inlet, and the bottom side of the adsorber tank is provided with an inner adsorption layer discharge port and an outer adsorption layer discharge port; the inner adsorption layer inlet and the inner adsorption layer discharge port are both connected to the inner adsorption layer, and the outer adsorption layer inlet and the outer adsorption layer discharge port are both connected to the outer adsorption layer.

[0014] Preferably, the filler of the outer adsorption layer is activated alumina, and the adsorption particle sizes of the outer first adsorption layer, outer second adsorption layer, outer third adsorption layer, outer fourth adsorption layer and outer fifth adsorption layer are 7 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, 4 mm and 3 mm, respectively.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution: the outer adsorption layer is not limited to 5 layers, but can also be multiple layers; wherein, the filler of the outer adsorption layer is used to adsorb water vapor, and the material includes, but is not limited to, activated alumina.

[0016] Preferably, the filler of the inner adsorption layer is a zeolite molecular sieve, and the adsorption particle sizes of the inner first adsorption layer, inner second adsorption layer, inner third adsorption layer, inner fourth adsorption layer and inner fifth adsorption layer are 7 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, 4 mm and 3 mm, respectively.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution: the inner adsorption layer here is not limited to 5 layers, but can also be multiple layers; wherein, the filler of the inner adsorption layer is used to adsorb carbon dioxide, and the material includes, but is not limited to, zeolite molecular sieve.

[0018] This utility model also provides a method for operating a vertical radial flow adsorber that integrates Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption, including an adsorption process and a desorption process;

[0019] The adsorption process adopts the CPZ flow pattern. The first programmable valve is opened and the second programmable valve is closed, so that the gas to be processed enters the adsorber from the adsorption inlet pipe, passes through the airflow distribution channel to the annular channel, and radially passes through the outer adsorption layer and the inner adsorption layer to reach the central channel. Finally, the purified gas leaves the adsorber from the adsorption outlet pipe.

[0020] The desorption process employs a CFπ flow pattern. The first programmable valve is closed and the second programmable valve is opened, allowing the regenerated gas to enter the adsorber from the regenerated inlet pipe, pass through the regenerated inlet channel to the central channel, and radially pass through the inner and outer adsorption layers to reach the annular channel. Finally, the regenerated gas leaves the adsorber from the adsorption inlet pipe.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This utility model achieves a matching of the axial flow distribution in the adsorption-desorption process by controlling the valve to switch the regeneration gas path, thereby increasing the energy utilization rate of the regeneration hot air and improving the desorption efficiency.

[0023] 2. This utility model achieves axial flow matching during adsorption and desorption processes by controlling valves to switch the regeneration gas path, and enables the layered structure to simultaneously enhance the adsorption and desorption processes.

[0024] 3. This invention has advantages such as small footprint, high flow field uniformity, and low energy consumption under the same processing capacity. It has wide applications in air separation, liquid air energy storage, and gas purification. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the radial flow adsorber of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption process of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the desorption process of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a comparison graph showing the relationship between the outlet temperature and adsorption capacity of this invention and other types of radial flow adsorbers.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Adsorption inlet pipe; 2. Airflow distribution channel; 3. Lower end cap; 4. Adsorber outer wall; 5. Annular channel; 6. External porous distribution cylinder; 7. Outer adsorption layer; 7-1. Outer first adsorption layer; 7-2. Outer second adsorption layer; 7-3. Outer third adsorption layer; 7-4. Outer fourth adsorption layer; 7-5. Outer fifth adsorption layer; 8. Central porous distribution cylinder; 9. Inner adsorption layer; 9-1. Inner first adsorption layer; 9-2. Inner second adsorption layer; 9-3. Inner third adsorption layer; 9-4. Inner fourth adsorption layer; 9-5. Inner fifth adsorption layer; 10. Internal porous distribution cylinder; 11. Central channel; 12. Upper end cap; 13. First programmable valve; 14. Adsorption outlet pipe; 15. Regeneration inlet pipe; 16. Second programmable valve; 17. Regeneration inlet channel; 18. Inner adsorption layer inlet; 19. Outer adsorption layer inlet; 20. Inner adsorption layer outlet; 21. Outer adsorption layer outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of this utility model, thereby making a clearer definition of the protection scope of this utility model. The embodiments described in this utility model are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a vertical radial flow adsorber integrating Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption includes an adsorber tank, which includes an adsorption inlet pipe 1, an airflow distribution channel 2, a lower end cap 3, an adsorber outer wall 4, an annular channel 5, an outer cylindrical screen 6, an outer adsorption layer 7, a middle cylindrical screen 8, an inner adsorption layer 9, an inner cylindrical screen 10, a central channel 11, an upper end cap 12, a first programmable valve 13, an adsorption outlet pipe 14, a regeneration inlet pipe 15, a second programmable valve 16, and a regeneration inlet channel 17.

[0032] The adsorber tank has a vertically arranged central channel 11 in the middle, which is composed of an internal cylindrical screen 10; the bottom of the adsorber tank is provided with a lower end cap 3 and an airflow distribution channel 2 in sequence, and the top of the adsorber tank is provided with an upper end cap 12.

[0033] The adsorber tank has an adsorption inlet pipe 1 located at the center of the lower end, which is connected to the airflow distribution channel 2; the adsorber tank has an adsorption outlet pipe 14 located at the center of the upper end, which is connected to the central channel 11 via a first programmable valve 13.

[0034] The bottom of the central channel 11 is connected to a regeneration air intake channel 17, which extends to the outside of the adsorber tank and is connected to a regeneration air intake pipe 15. A second programmable valve 16 is provided between the regeneration air intake pipe 15 and the regeneration air intake channel 17.

[0035] The inner side of the outer wall 4 of the adsorber is provided with an annular channel 5, and the inner side of the annular channel 5 is provided with an outer cylindrical screen 6 and a middle cylindrical screen 8 in sequence; an outer adsorption layer 7 is provided between the outer cylindrical screen 6 and the middle cylindrical screen 8; and an inner adsorption layer 9 is provided between the middle cylindrical screen 8 and the inner cylindrical screen 10.

[0036] Specifically, the outer adsorption layer 7 comprises, from bottom to top, an outer first adsorption layer 7-1, an outer second adsorption layer 7-2, an outer third adsorption layer 7-3, an outer fourth adsorption layer 7-4, and an outer fifth adsorption layer 7-5; the adsorption particle size of the outer first adsorption layer 7-1, outer second adsorption layer 7-2, outer third adsorption layer 7-3, outer fourth adsorption layer 7-4, and outer fifth adsorption layer 7-5 gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0037] Specifically, the inner adsorption layer 9 comprises, from bottom to top, an inner first adsorption layer 9-1, an inner second adsorption layer 9-2, an inner third adsorption layer 9-3, an inner fourth adsorption layer 9-4, and an inner fifth adsorption layer 9-5; the adsorption particle size of the inner first adsorption layer 9-1, the inner second adsorption layer 9-2, the inner third adsorption layer 9-3, the inner fourth adsorption layer 9-4, and the inner fifth adsorption layer 9-5 gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0038] Specifically, the top side of the adsorber tank is provided with an inner adsorption layer inlet 18 and an outer adsorption layer inlet 19, and the bottom side of the adsorber tank is provided with an inner adsorption layer outlet 20 and an outer adsorption layer outlet 21. The inner adsorption layer inlet 18 and the inner adsorption layer outlet 20 are both connected to the inner adsorption layer 9, and the outer adsorption layer inlet 19 and the outer adsorption layer outlet 21 are both connected to the outer adsorption layer 7.

[0039] Specifically, the filler of the outer adsorption layer 7 is activated alumina, and the adsorption particle sizes of the outer first adsorption layer 7-1, outer second adsorption layer 7-2, outer third adsorption layer 7-3, outer fourth adsorption layer 7-4 and outer fifth adsorption layer 7-5 are 7mm, 6mm, 5mm, 4mm and 3mm, respectively.

[0040] In practical applications, the outer adsorption layer 7 is not limited to 5 layers, but can also be multiple layers; the filler of the outer adsorption layer 7 is used to adsorb water vapor, and the material includes, but is not limited to, activated alumina.

[0041] Specifically, the filler of the inner adsorption layer 9 is a zeolite molecular sieve, and the adsorption particle sizes of the inner first adsorption layer 9-1, inner second adsorption layer 9-2, inner third adsorption layer 9-3, inner fourth adsorption layer 9-4 and inner fifth adsorption layer 9-5 are 7 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, 4 mm and 3 mm, respectively.

[0042] In practical applications, the inner adsorption layer 9 here is not limited to 5 layers, but can also be multiple layers; wherein, the filler of the inner adsorption layer 9 is used to adsorb carbon dioxide, and the material includes, but is not limited to, zeolite molecular sieve.

[0043] In this embodiment, the axial flow rate during adsorption and desorption processes is matched by controlling the valve to switch the regeneration gas path, and the layered structure can simultaneously enhance the adsorption and desorption processes, ultimately achieving high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption operation of the vertical radial flow adsorber.

[0044] A method for operating a vertical radial flow adsorber integrating Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption, comprising an adsorption process and a desorption process;

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the adsorption process employs a CPZ flow pattern. The first programmable valve 13 is opened, and the second programmable valve 16 is closed, allowing the treated gas to enter the adsorber from the adsorption inlet pipe 1. It then passes through the airflow distribution channel 2 to the annular channel 5, radially passing through the outer adsorption layer 7 and the inner adsorption layer 9 to reach the central channel 11. Finally, the purified gas exits the adsorber from the adsorption outlet pipe 14. This adsorption process uses a centripetal co-current flow pattern, which tends to exhibit localized breakthrough at the top. The layered structure helps improve flow uniformity and adsorption efficiency.

[0046] like Figure 3As shown, the desorption process employs a CFπ flow pattern. The first programmable valve 13 is closed, and the second programmable valve 16 is opened, allowing the regeneration gas to enter the adsorber from the regeneration inlet pipe 15. It then passes through the regeneration inlet channel 17 to the central channel 11, radially passing through the inner adsorption layer 9 and the outer adsorption layer 7 to reach the annular channel 5. Finally, the regeneration gas exits the adsorber from the adsorption inlet pipe 1. The flow pattern in this desorption process is a centrifugal countercurrent flow, which tends to exhibit localized breakthrough at the top, similar to the adsorption process. Compared to the traditional desorption process, i.e., the backflushing of the adsorption process, this process can create a flow field distribution symmetrical to the adsorption process, resulting in a more suitable flow distribution in the axial direction. This solves the problem of asymmetrical flow distribution between the adsorption and desorption processes, making the layered structure also beneficial for improving the efficiency of the desorption process.

[0047] In addition, a comparison graph of the relationship between outlet temperature and adsorption capacity between the radial flow adsorber of this invention and other types of radial flow adsorbers is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, "layered" indicates an adsorber with a layered structure, while "traditional" indicates an adsorber without a layered structure. Using a traditional adsorber and a layered variable particle size adsorber after 3 hours of adsorption as examples, high-temperature regeneration was performed under the same regeneration gas inlet flow rate and regeneration temperature of 200℃. Complete regeneration was indicated when the water vapor adsorption in the adsorber reached 0; the time taken for the water vapor adsorption to decrease to 0 was the complete regeneration time τ. re The total energy wasted in the desorption process, Q w Formulas available

[0048] It means that c in the formula p The specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the regenerated gas. This refers to the mass flow rate of the regenerated gas. For example... Figure 4 As shown, compared with the other three types of adsorbers, the radial flow adsorber of this invention requires the shortest time for complete regeneration and wastes the least amount of total energy in the desorption process. Therefore, the radial flow adsorber of this invention improves the efficiency of the desorption process, reduces desorption energy consumption, increases the flexibility of the equipment, and enhances the overall adsorption-desorption performance.

[0049] In summary, this invention achieves uniform flow field within the adsorber by altering the particle size of the adsorbent through layering, thereby improving adsorbent utilization efficiency. Furthermore, by controlling the valves to switch the regeneration gas path, the axial flow rates during adsorption and desorption are matched, allowing the layered structure to simultaneously enhance both adsorption and desorption processes. Ultimately, this results in high-efficiency, low-energy-consumption operation of the vertical radial flow adsorber.

[0050] The descriptions and practices disclosed in this utility model are readily conceived and understood by those skilled in the art, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of this utility model. Therefore, modifications or improvements made without deviating from the spirit of this utility model should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical radial flow adsorber integrated with Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption, comprising an adsorber tank, characterized in that, The adsorber tank includes an adsorption inlet pipe (1), an airflow distribution channel (2), a lower end cap (3), an adsorber outer wall (4), an annular channel (5), an outer cylindrical screen (6), an outer adsorption layer (7), a middle cylindrical screen (8), an inner adsorption layer (9), an inner cylindrical screen (10), a central channel (11), an upper end cap (12), a first programmable valve (13), an adsorption outlet pipe (14), a regeneration inlet pipe (15), a second programmable valve (16), and a regeneration inlet channel (17). The adsorber tank has a vertically arranged central channel (11) in the middle, which is composed of an internal cylindrical screen (10); the bottom of the adsorber tank has a lower end cap (3) and an airflow distribution channel (2) in sequence, and the top of the adsorber tank has an upper end cap (12). An adsorption inlet pipe (1) is provided at the center of the lower end of the adsorber tank, and the adsorption inlet pipe (1) is connected to the airflow distribution channel (2); an adsorption outlet pipe (14) is provided at the center of the upper end of the adsorber tank, and the adsorption outlet pipe (14) is connected to the central channel (11) through the first programmable valve (13). The bottom of the central channel (11) is connected to a regeneration air intake channel (17), which extends to the outside of the adsorber tank and is connected to a regeneration air intake pipe (15). A second programmable valve (16) is provided between the regeneration air intake pipe (15) and the regeneration air intake channel (17). The inner side of the outer wall (4) of the adsorber is provided with an annular channel (5), and the inner side of the annular channel (5) is provided with an outer cylindrical screen (6) and a middle cylindrical screen (8) in sequence; an outer adsorption layer (7) is provided between the outer cylindrical screen (6) and the middle cylindrical screen (8); an inner adsorption layer (9) is provided between the middle cylindrical screen (8) and the inner cylindrical screen (10).

2. A vertical radial flow adsorber integrating Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer adsorption layer (7) comprises, from bottom to top, an outer first adsorption layer (7-1), an outer second adsorption layer (7-2), an outer third adsorption layer (7-3), an outer fourth adsorption layer (7-4), and an outer fifth adsorption layer (7-5); the adsorption particle size of the outer first adsorption layer (7-1), outer second adsorption layer (7-2), outer third adsorption layer (7-3), outer fourth adsorption layer (7-4), and outer fifth adsorption layer (7-5) gradually decreases from bottom to top.

3. A vertical radial flow adsorber integrating Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner adsorption layer (9) comprises, from bottom to top, an inner first adsorption layer (9-1), an inner second adsorption layer (9-2), an inner third adsorption layer (9-3), an inner fourth adsorption layer (9-4), and an inner fifth adsorption layer (9-5); the adsorption particle size of the inner first adsorption layer (9-1), inner second adsorption layer (9-2), inner third adsorption layer (9-3), inner fourth adsorption layer (9-4), and inner fifth adsorption layer (9-5) gradually decreases from bottom to top.

4. A vertical radial flow adsorber integrating Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top side of the adsorber tank is provided with an inner adsorption layer inlet (18) and an outer adsorption layer inlet (19), and the bottom side of the adsorber tank is provided with an inner adsorption layer discharge port (20) and an outer adsorption layer discharge port (21). The inner adsorption layer inlet (18) and the inner adsorption layer discharge port (20) are both connected to the inner adsorption layer (9), and the outer adsorption layer inlet (19) and the outer adsorption layer discharge port (21) are both connected to the outer adsorption layer (7).

5. A vertical radial flow adsorber integrating Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filler of the outer adsorption layer (7) is activated alumina, and the adsorption particle sizes of the outer first adsorption layer (7-1), outer second adsorption layer (7-2), outer third adsorption layer (7-3), outer fourth adsorption layer (7-4) and outer fifth adsorption layer (7-5) are 7 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, 4 mm and 3 mm, respectively.

6. A vertical radial flow adsorber integrating Z-type adsorption and π-type desorption according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filler of the inner adsorption layer (9) is a zeolite molecular sieve, and the adsorption particle sizes of the inner first adsorption layer (9-1), inner second adsorption layer (9-2), inner third adsorption layer (9-3), inner fourth adsorption layer (9-4) and inner fifth adsorption layer (9-5) are 7 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, 4 mm and 3 mm, respectively.

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