Differential opening and closing tightening tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to a differential opening and closing tightening tool, which is used for tightening a bolt of a pipeline flange and comprises a main frame body 10 and an opening and closing frame 20, the main frame body is provided with a central arc 11 matched with a pipeline, the opening and closing frame 20 is rotatably opened or closed on the main frame body 10, and the main frame body 10 and the opening and closing frame 20 are provided with differential tightening units 40. The differential tightening unit 40 is provided with a tightening shaft 41, the tightening shaft 41 drives one tightening head 44 to rotate, when the opening and closing frame is opened, the pipeline is sleeved with the central arc 11 of the main frame body, when the opening and closing frame is closed, the main frame body 10 and the opening and closing frame 20 are nested on the pipeline in a surrounding mode, and the tightening heads 44 are arranged around the pipeline corresponding to flange bolts. The opening and closing frame structure which is opened or closed in a rotating mode is adopted, so that the differential tightening units can cross the pipeline and surround the pipeline at the positions corresponding to flange bolts, torque is automatically adjusted and distributed, and all the bolts surrounding the flange are tightened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a pipe flange fastening device, and more particularly to a differential opening and closing tightening tool. Background Technology

[0002] Flange connections are a common pipe connection structure. Pipe flanges are typically fastened with bolts. Bolting pipe flanges is a crucial and demanding task. Traditional bolt tightening operations usually require strict adherence to standards and specifications (such as ASME PCC-1), demanding that bolts be tightened step-by-step in a specific diagonal sequence. This process not only requires significant time and manpower but is also susceptible to limitations imposed by the operator's experience and precision, leading to human error. For example, bolts may be missed during tightening, which can severely impact the sealing and pressure resistance of the pipe connection, threatening equipment safety and installation quality. Chinese invention patent (application number CN202510113124.9) discloses a multi-axis tightening device that employs a differential gear structure (or planetary gear structure) driven tightening unit. This device can automatically balance torque distribution during the tightening of multiple bolts, solving the problem of bolts not being tightened simultaneously, thereby significantly improving tightening efficiency and accuracy while reducing human error. However, when connecting the flanges of two pipes, the bolt tightening device needs to cross the pipe and tighten the flange bolts around the pipe. Therefore, the tightening unit driven by the differential structure (or planetary gear structure) needs to be moved around the pipe to the corresponding position of the pipe flange bolts. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a differential opening and closing tightening tool, which allows the differential tightening tool to tighten the bolts of the pipe flange around the pipe.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is: a differential opening and closing tightening tool for tightening bolts on pipe flanges, comprising a main frame 10 and an opening and closing frame 20. The main frame is provided with a central arc 11 adapted to the pipe. The opening and closing frame 20 rotates to open or close on the main frame 10. The main frame 10 and the opening and closing frame 20 are provided with a differential tightening unit 40. The differential tightening unit 40 is provided with a tightening shaft 41. The tightening shaft 41 drives a tightening head 44 to rotate. When the opening and closing frame is open, the central arc 11 of the main frame is fitted onto the pipe. When the opening and closing frame is closed, the main frame 10 and the opening and closing frame 20 are nested around the pipe. Multiple tightening heads 44 are arranged around the pipe corresponding to the flange bolts.

[0005] Furthermore, in order to utilize the torque transmission principle of a planetary gear mechanism or a differential mechanism to simultaneously tighten the flange bolts with the same torque, the differential tightening unit 40 is provided with a tightening input shaft 42 and a tightening transmission shaft 43. When the rotation of the tightening transmission shaft 43 is obstructed, the tightening input shaft 42 drives the tightening shaft 41 to rotate. When the rotation of the tightening shaft 41 is obstructed, the tightening input shaft 42 drives the tightening transmission shaft 43 to rotate. The tightening transmission shaft 43 of each differential tightening unit drives the tightening input shaft 42 of the next stage differential tightening unit, and the tightening transmission shaft 43 of the final stage differential tightening unit is locked.

[0006] Furthermore, a preferred differential tightening unit for a planetary gear mechanism is wherein the differential tightening unit 40 is a differential tightening unit employing a planetary gear mechanism, the tightening shaft 41 is the planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism, the tightening input shaft 42 is the internal gear ring or sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism, and the tightening transmission shaft 43 is the internal gear ring or sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the tightening heads rotate in the same direction and balance the output torque, the multiple differential tightening units 40 adopt planetary gear mechanisms with the same transmission ratio. The tightening transmission shaft 43 of each differential tightening unit drives the tightening input shaft 42 of the next-level differential tightening unit through gear meshing. The tightening transmission shaft 43 and the tightening input shaft 42 of the next-level differential tightening unit are both the sun gear or internal gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, to ensure balanced transmission of input torque and shorten the transmission chain, a differential input unit 30 is provided on the main frame. The differential input unit 30 includes a tool input shaft 31, a first output shaft 32, and a second output shaft 33. When the first output shaft 32 is obstructed from rotating, the tool input shaft 31 drives the second output shaft 33 to rotate. Conversely, when the second output shaft 33 is obstructed from rotating, the tool input shaft 31 drives the first output shaft 32 to rotate. The differential tightening unit 40 includes a tightening input shaft 42. The first output shaft 32 drives the tightening input shaft 42 of one differential tightening unit to rotate, and the second output shaft 33 drives the tightening input shaft 42 of the other differential tightening unit to rotate.

[0009] Furthermore, a preferred differential input unit for a planetary gear mechanism is wherein the differential input unit 30 is a differential input unit employing a planetary gear mechanism, the tool input shaft 31 is the planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism, and the first output shaft 32 and the second output shaft 33 are the sun gear and the internal gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism, respectively; the first output shaft 32 and the second output shaft 33 drive the tightening input shaft 42 of the differential tightening unit through gear meshing, wherein the tightening input shaft 42 driven by the first output shaft 32 is the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism, and the tightening input shaft 42 driven by the second output shaft 33 is the internal gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism; the first output shaft 32 and the second output shaft 33 each drive one tightening input shaft 42 of the differential tightening unit with the same transmission ratio.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to achieve a balance between the opening and closing frame and the transmission structure, two opening and closing frames 20 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main frame, and multiple differential tightening units 40 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main frame 10 and on the opening and closing frames 20. The rotation axis of the opening and closing frame 20 is coaxial with the central axis 4C of the differential tightening unit at the upper end of the main frame 10. The differential tightening unit 40 at the upper end of the main frame drives the differential tightening unit on the opening and closing frame.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to ensure smooth engagement between the tightening head and the nut, the tightening shaft 41 is provided with a spring 45 that pushes the tightening head 44.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to assist in the axial movement of the differential opening and closing tightening tool on the pipeline, a thrust clamp 60 and a thrust airbag 70 are provided on the pipeline 50. The thrust airbag 70 is located between the thrust clamp 60 and the main frame 10 and the opening and closing frame 20. When the thrust airbag 70 expands, it pushes the main frame 10 and the opening and closing frame 20 toward the pipeline flange 51.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to effectively fit the thrust airbag onto the pipeline, the thrust airbag 70 is an annular airbag with an opening 71, and the thrust airbag 70 fits onto the pipeline 50 through the opening 71.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by adopting a rotating open or closeable frame structure, multiple differential tightening units can cross the pipeline, be set around the pipeline corresponding to the position of the flange bolts, automatically adjust and distribute the torque, and tighten all the bolts around the flange.

[0015] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the utility model, showing the opening and closing frame in the open state;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 View B is a view from the side of tightening head 44;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a view of the hinged frame in its closed state;

[0019] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the main frame, opening and closing frame, differential input unit, and differential tightening unit of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a connection structure diagram of the differential input unit and differential tightening unit of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the differential tightening unit of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the differential tightening unit of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the differential input unit of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 9 yes Figure 3 The AA unfolded diagram is a connection structure diagram of the differential tightening unit on the side of the first output shaft 32;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the use of this utility model, showing the opening and closing frame in the open state;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the use of this utility model. When the opening and closing frame is closed, the main frame 10 and the opening and closing frame 20 are fitted onto the pipe 50.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the use of this utility model. Pushing the main frame and the opening and closing frame causes the tightening head 44 of the differential tightening unit to be fitted onto the hexagonal nut 53 of the fastening bolt.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the use of this utility model. Rotate the tool input shaft 31 to tighten all the nuts in sequence;

[0030] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of the present invention, showing a thrust clamp 60 and a thrust airbag 70 on the pipe 50;

[0031] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of the thrust airbag 70 pushing differential opening and closing tightening tool of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Chinese invention patent (application number CN202510113124.9) discloses a multi-axis tightening device that utilizes the torque transmission principle of a planetary gear mechanism or a differential mechanism to achieve differential transmission of three shafts. That is, when the rotation of one shaft is obstructed, the other two shafts transmit torque to each other. By utilizing the shaft transmission characteristics of the planetary gear mechanism or differential mechanism, multiple flange bolts can be tightened synchronously with the same torque. This utility model proposes a technical solution for a differential opening and closing tightening tool to address the tightening requirements of pipe flange bolts. The differential input unit and differential tightening unit can employ a differential mechanism or a planetary gear mechanism; this embodiment uses a planetary gear structure for both the differential input unit and the differential tightening unit.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 11 A differential opening and closing tightening tool for tightening bolts on a pipe flange includes a main frame 10 and an opening and closing frame 20. In this embodiment, the corresponding pipe flange 51 is provided with six fastening bolts 52.

[0035] The main frame 10 has a central arc 11 adapted to the pipe, and two opening / closing brackets 20 are symmetrically arranged on the main frame. The opening / closing brackets 20 rotate on the main frame 10 to open or close. When the two opening / closing brackets 20 are open, they can cross the pipe 50, and the central arc 11 of the main frame fits onto the pipe (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (As shown). When the two opening and closing frames 20 are closed, the main frame 10 and the opening and closing frames 20 are nested around the pipe (as shown). Figure 12 (As shown).

[0036] To accommodate the differential input unit 30 and the differential tightening unit 40, both the main frame and the opening / closing frame employ a combination structure of two plates.

[0037] A differential speed input unit 30 is provided on the main frame 10. Two opening and closing frames 20 are symmetrically arranged on the main frame on both sides of the differential speed input unit 30. In this embodiment, four differential speed tightening units 40 are provided inside the main frame 10, and the four differential speed tightening units 40 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the differential speed input unit 30, with two differential speed tightening units 40 on each side. Each of the two opening and closing frames 20 contains one differential speed tightening unit 40. There are a total of six differential speed tightening units 40. When the two opening and closing frames 20 are closed, the six differential speed tightening units 40 are arranged around the pipe with six fastening bolts 52.

[0038] The differential input unit 30 is provided with a tool input shaft 31, a first output shaft 32, and a second output shaft 33. The differential tightening unit 40 is provided with a tightening shaft 41, a tightening input shaft 42, and a tightening transmission shaft 43. Both the differential input unit 30 and the differential tightening unit 40 employ planetary gear mechanisms. The planetary gear structure includes a planet carrier 81, planet gears 82, a sun gear 83, and an internal gear ring 84. The six differential tightening units 40 employ the same planetary gear structure, enabling the multiple differential tightening units 40 to have the same transmission ratio, including the same transmission ratio between the planet carrier and the internal gear ring, and the same transmission ratio between the internal gear ring and the sun gear. The differential input unit 30 and the differential tightening unit 40 also employ the same planetary gear structure, the difference being that the planet carrier of the differential input unit is connected to the tool input shaft 31, while the planet carrier of the differential tightening unit is connected to the tightening shaft 41.

[0039] To enable transmission between the differential input unit and the differential tightening unit, the sun gear 83 is equipped with a sun drive gear 83a, and the internal gear ring 84 is equipped with a gear ring drive gear 84a. In this embodiment, the sun drive gear 83a and the gear ring drive gear 84a in the differential input unit 30 and the differential tightening unit 40 are gears with the same number of teeth and module.

[0040] like Figure 8 As shown, in the structure of the differential input unit 30, the tool input shaft 31 is connected to the planet carrier 81 of the planetary gear mechanism, the first output shaft 32 is the sun gear 83 of the planetary gear mechanism, and the second output shaft 33 is the ring gear 84 of the planetary gear mechanism. According to the characteristics of the planetary gear mechanism, when the rotation of the internal ring gear is obstructed, the planet carrier drives the sun gear to rotate; when the rotation of the sun gear is obstructed, the planet carrier drives the internal ring gear to rotate. For the differential input unit 30, when the rotation of the first output shaft 32 is obstructed, the tool input shaft 31 drives the second output shaft 33 to rotate; when the rotation of the second output shaft 33 is obstructed, the tool input shaft 31 drives the first output shaft 32 to rotate.

[0041] like Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, in the structure of the differential tightening unit 40, the tightening shaft 41 is connected to the planet carrier 81 of the planetary gear mechanism, the tightening input shaft 42 is the sun gear 83 or the internal gear ring 84 of the planetary gear mechanism, and the tightening transmission shaft 43 is also the sun gear 83 or the internal gear ring 84 of the planetary gear mechanism. That is, if the tightening input shaft 42 is the sun gear 83 of the planetary gear mechanism, then the tightening transmission shaft 43 is the internal gear ring 84 of the planetary gear mechanism; if the tightening input shaft 42 is the internal gear ring 84 of the planetary gear mechanism, then the tightening transmission shaft 43 is the sun gear 83 of the planetary gear mechanism. According to the characteristics of the planetary gear mechanism, when the rotation of the tightening transmission shaft 43 is obstructed, the tightening input shaft 42 drives the tightening shaft 41 to rotate; when the rotation of the tightening shaft 41 is obstructed, the tightening input shaft 42 drives the tightening transmission shaft 43 to rotate. An intermediate transmission gear can also be added between the tightening input shaft and the tightening transmission shaft for transmission.

[0042] To maintain the same motion transmission relationship, the tightening input shaft 42 driven by the first output shaft 32 is the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism, and the tightening input shaft 42 driven by the second output shaft 33 is the internal ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism. The tightening transmission shaft 43 of each differential tightening unit and the tightening input shaft 42 of the next-level differential tightening unit are both either the sun gear or the internal ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism. That is, for mutually transmitting planetary gear mechanisms, one sun gear drives another sun gear, and one internal ring gear drives another internal ring gear.

[0043] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the first output shaft 32 of the differential input unit drives the differential tightening unit on one side to rotate. The first output shaft 32 and the three differential tightening units 40 adopt a chain-driven drive method. The first output shaft 32 and the differential tightening units 40a, 40b and 40c are chain-driven.

[0044] The first output shaft 32 of the differential input unit and the tightening input shaft 42 of the differential tightening unit are both sun gears 83 of the planetary gear mechanism. The first output shaft 32 of the differential input unit and the tightening input shaft 42 of the differential tightening unit mesh through their respective sun transmission gears 83a, with a transmission ratio of 1:1.

[0045] As the upper-level differential tightening unit 40a, its tightening transmission shaft 43 drives the tightening input shaft 42 of the lower-level differential tightening unit 40b. The tightening transmission shaft 43 of the upper-level differential tightening unit 40a and the tightening input shaft 42 of the lower-level differential tightening unit 40b are both internal gear rings 84 of the planetary gear mechanism. The tightening transmission shaft 43 of the upper-level differential tightening unit 40a and the tightening input shaft 42 of the lower-level differential tightening unit 40b mesh through their respective gear ring transmission gears 84a, with a transmission ratio of 1:1.

[0046] The differential tightening unit 40b is driven by a chain-like transmission. Its tightening transmission shaft 43 drives the tightening input shaft 42 of the next-level differential tightening unit 40c. The tightening transmission shaft 43 of the upper-level differential tightening unit 40b and the tightening input shaft 42 of the next-level differential tightening unit 40c are both sun gears 83 of a planetary gear mechanism. The tightening transmission shaft 43 of the upper-level differential tightening unit 40b and the tightening input shaft 42 of the next-level differential tightening unit 40c are meshed through their respective sun transmission gears 83a, with a transmission ratio of 1:1.

[0047] The sun gear 83a and the ring gear 84a, which mesh with each other between the differential input unit and the differential tightening unit, and between the upper-level differential tightening unit and the lower-level differential tightening unit, are axially offset to avoid interference. Figure 9 As shown.

[0048] Similarly, the second output shaft 33 of the differential input unit drives the three differential tightening units 40 on the other side to rotate in the same way.

[0049] The first output shaft 32 and the second output shaft 33 drive the tightening input shaft 42 of a connected differential tightening unit with the same transmission ratio.

[0050] Each tightening shaft 41 drives a tightening head 44 to rotate. The front end of the tightening head is provided with an internal hexagon socket that mates with a nut. The tightening shaft 41 is provided with a spline, and the tightening head 44 slides with the tightening shaft through the spline hole. The tightening shaft 41 is provided with a spring 45 that pushes the tightening head 44, so that the tightening head can elastically extend and retract.

[0051] In this embodiment, the differential tightening unit 40c within the opening / closing frame 20 is the final-stage differential tightening unit. Its tightening transmission shaft 43 does not have a transmission function. To ensure the normal operation of the differential tightening unit, the tightening transmission shaft 43 of the final-stage differential tightening unit is locked by a locking pin 46. A locking pin hole 21 is provided on the opening / closing frame 20. The opening / closing frame 20 is provided with a rotating shaft hole 22. To ensure the continuity of the chain drive of the differential tightening unit 40, the rotating shaft hole 22 of the opening / closing frame 20 is rotatably engaged with the central shaft 4C of the differential tightening unit at the upper end of the main frame 10. This ensures that the rotation axis of the opening / closing frame 20 is coaxial with the central shaft 4C of the differential tightening unit at the upper end of the main frame 10. When the opening / closing frame 20 rotates, the differential tightening unit at the upper end of the main frame and the differential tightening unit on the opening / closing frame maintain a transmission relationship.

[0052] like Figures 11 to 14 When tightening the pipe flange, first unfold the opening and closing frame 20, with the central arc 11 of the main frame fitting onto the pipe 50. Then close the two opening and closing frames 20, with the main frame 10 and the opening and closing frames 20 nested around the pipe, as shown. Figure 12As shown. The six differential tightening units 40 correspond one-to-one with the six fastening bolts 52 of the pipe flange. Pushing the main frame and the opening / closing frame causes the tightening heads 44 of the differential tightening units to fit onto the hexagonal nuts 53 of the fastening bolts, as shown. Figure 13 As shown. If the hex socket of the tightening head is not aligned with the hex nut 53, the spring 45 will be compressed. Rotating the tool input shaft 31 will drive the tightening head 44 with the least torque resistance to rotate. As the torque of the hex nut 53 increases, the other tightening head with less torsional resistance will start to rotate, tightening the nut. Tighten all nuts in sequence. If the hex socket of the tightening head is not aligned with the hex nut 53, the tightening head will also engage with the hex nut during rotation.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] The differential opening and closing tightening tool in Example 1 is heavy and difficult to move along the pipe when tightening pipe flanges. To solve this problem, as follows: Figure 15 , Figure 16 In this embodiment, a thrust clamp 60 and a thrust airbag 70 are provided on the pipe 50.

[0055] The pipe clamp includes two clamping plates 61 that are clamped onto the pipe 50. The two clamping plates 61 are fastened to the pipe 50 by bolts.

[0056] The thrust airbag 70 is positioned between the thrust clamp 60 and the main frame 10 and the opening / closing frame 20. The thrust airbag 70 is an annular airbag with an opening 71, and the thrust airbag 70 is fitted onto the pipe 50 through the opening 71.

[0057] The thrust airbag is equipped with an inflation / deflation port 72. The thrust airbag can be inflated by an electric or manual air pump. During the inflation process, the thrust airbag squeezes the thrust clamp 60 on one side and the main frame 10 and the opening / closing frame 20 on the other side, pushing the main frame 10 and the opening / closing frame 20 to move towards the pipe flange 51.

[0058] This embodiment facilitates the axial movement of a differential opening and closing tightening tool on a pipeline, ensuring smooth movement. It features a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0059] This utility model adopts a structure in which the opening and closing frame 20 rotates on both sides of the main frame 10 to achieve cross-pipe encirclement, so that the tightening head 44 corresponds to the bolts of the pipe flange.

[0060] By utilizing the differential principle of the planetary gear (differential) mechanism, multiple tightening heads 44 work together at different speeds, so that the flange bolts are subjected to balanced tightening torque, making the flange bolt connection safer and more reliable.

[0061] Both the tool input shaft 31 of the differential input unit and the tightening shaft 41 of the differential tightening unit are connected to the planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism. The transmission connection between the output shaft (first output shaft 32, second output shaft 33) of the differential input unit and the tightening input shaft 42 of the differential tightening unit adopts a transmission relationship of sun gear to sun gear and internal gear ring to internal gear ring, and uses the same transmission ratio. The transmission connection between the tightening transmission shaft 43 and the tightening input shaft 42 of the differential tightening units also adopts a transmission relationship of sun gear to sun gear and internal gear ring to internal gear ring, and uses the same transmission ratio. This ensures that the tightening heads rotate in the same direction and balance the output torque.

[0062] Multiple differential tightening units 40 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the differential input unit 30, so that the input torque can be transmitted to the differential tightening unit 40 in a balanced manner, and the transmission chain can be shortened to reduce the impact on transmission efficiency.

[0063] This utility model of a differential opening and closing tightening tool can simultaneously tighten flange fastening bolts with the same torque through multiple tightening heads, which can meet the tightening requirements of pipeline flanges and will not miss any bolts that have not been tightened.

Claims

1. A differential opening and closing tightening tool for tightening bolts of a piping flange, characterized by, Includes a main frame (10) and a hinged frame (20). The main frame is provided with a central arc (11) adapted to the pipeline. The hinged frame (20) rotates to open or close on the main frame (10). The main frame (10) and the hinged frame (20) are provided with a differential tightening unit (40). The differential tightening unit (40) is provided with a tightening shaft (41). The tightening shaft (41) drives a tightening head (44) to rotate. When the hinged frame is open, the central arc (11) of the main frame is fitted onto the pipeline. When the hinged frame is closed, the main frame (10) and the hinged frame (20) are nested around the pipeline. Multiple tightening heads (44) are arranged around the pipeline corresponding to flange bolts.

2. The differential opening and closing tightening tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differential tightening unit (40) is provided with a tightening input shaft (42) and a tightening transmission shaft (43). When the tightening transmission shaft (43) is obstructed from rotating, the tightening input shaft (42) drives the tightening shaft (41) to rotate. When the tightening shaft (41) is obstructed from rotating, the tightening input shaft (42) drives the tightening transmission shaft (43) to rotate. The tightening transmission shaft (43) of each differential tightening unit drives the tightening input shaft (42) of the next stage differential tightening unit. The tightening transmission shaft (43) of the last stage differential tightening unit is locked.

3. The differential opening and closing tightening tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The differential tightening unit (40) is a differential tightening unit using a planetary gear mechanism. The tightening shaft (41) is the planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism. The tightening input shaft (42) is the internal gear ring or sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism. The tightening transmission shaft (43) is the internal gear ring or sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism.

4. The differential opening and closing tightening tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple differential tightening units (40) adopt planetary gear mechanisms with the same transmission ratio. The tightening transmission shaft (43) of each differential tightening unit drives the tightening input shaft (42) of the next-level differential tightening unit through gear meshing. The tightening transmission shaft (43) and the tightening input shaft (42) of the next-level differential tightening unit are both the sun gear or internal gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism.

5. The differential opening and closing tightening tool according to claim 1, wherein The main frame is provided with a differential input unit (30), which is provided with a tool input shaft (31), a first output shaft (32) and a second output shaft (33). When the first output shaft (32) is obstructed from rotating, the tool input shaft (31) drives the second output shaft (33) to rotate. When the second output shaft (33) is obstructed from rotating, the tool input shaft (31) drives the first output shaft (32) to rotate. The differential tightening unit (40) is provided with a tightening input shaft (42). The first output shaft (32) drives the tightening input shaft (42) of one of the differential tightening units to rotate, and the second output shaft (33) drives the tightening input shaft (42) of another differential tightening unit to rotate.

6. The differential opening and closing tightening tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The differential input unit (30) is a differential input unit using a planetary gear mechanism. The tool input shaft (31) is the planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism. The first output shaft (32) and the second output shaft (33) are the sun gear and the internal gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism, respectively. The first output shaft (32) and the second output shaft (33) drive the tightening input shaft (42) of the differential tightening unit through gear meshing. The tightening input shaft (42) driven by the first output shaft (32) is the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism, and the tightening input shaft (42) driven by the second output shaft (33) is the internal gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism. The first output shaft (32) and the second output shaft (33) drive the tightening input shaft (42) of the differential tightening unit with the same transmission ratio.

7. The differential opening and closing tightening tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two opening and closing frames (20) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main frame, and multiple differential tightening units (40) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main frame (10) and on the opening and closing frames (20). The rotation axis of the opening and closing frame (20) is coaxial with the central axis (4C) of the differential tightening unit at the end of the main frame (10). The differential tightening unit (40) at the end of the main frame drives the differential tightening unit on the opening and closing frame.

8. The differential opening and closing tightening tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tightening shaft (41) is provided with a spring (45) that pushes the tightening head (44).

9. The differential opening and closing tightening tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A thrust clamp (60) and a thrust airbag (70) are provided on the pipe (50). The thrust airbag (70) is located between the thrust clamp (60) and the main frame (10) and the opening and closing frame (20). When the thrust airbag (70) expands, it pushes the main frame (10) and the opening and closing frame (20) to move toward the pipe flange (51).

10. The differential opening and closing tightening tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thrust airbag (70) is an annular airbag with an opening (71), and the thrust airbag (70) is fitted onto the pipe (50) through the opening (71).

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