Testing tool and testing system for cold circulation system

Abstract

The utility model provides a cold circulation system testing tool and system, and the tool comprises a pressure measurement assembly, a temperature sensor group, a flow adjustment assembly, a load, and a pipeline. The flow adjusting assembly is connected to the pipeline. The load is connected to the pipeline, the pressure measuring assembly is connected to the pipeline at two ends of the load, and the temperature sensor group is connected to the pipeline at two ends of the load. Wherein the flow adjusting assembly adjusts the flow of the cooling medium of the pipeline, the pressure measuring assembly measures the pressure difference value of the pipelines at the two ends of the load, and the temperature sensor set measures the temperature difference value of the pipelines at the two ends of the load. Through multi-parameter measurement and load coupling test in the heat exchange process between the cooling medium and the load, the problems of low efficiency, high cost, poor adaptability and the like in the test process of a traditional cold circulation system are solved, and the reliability of the cold circulation system in practical application is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cold cycle technology, and in particular to a cold cycle system testing fixture and a testing system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology, cryogenic refrigeration technology plays a vital role in many fields of basic research and technological application.

[0003] Currently, in the field of cryogenic refrigeration, a common method is to use a closed-loop system instead of the traditional liquid nitrogen cooling method to provide the required low-temperature environment. This method uses a circulating fan to power the cooling medium gas, causing the gas to circulate within the system. After exchanging heat with the refrigeration equipment, the gas flows to the load area, completes heat exchange in the load area, and then returns to the circulating fan, thus forming a complete circulation loop.

[0004] However, due to the complexity of the cold helium circulation system, after its construction, it is necessary to test the system to ensure its proper functioning in practical applications and to evaluate whether it meets expectations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a test fixture capable of accurately testing the cold helium circulation system. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a testing fixture and system for a cold circulation system. By measuring multiple parameters and performing load coupling tests during the heat exchange process between the cooling medium and the load, it solves the problems of low efficiency, high cost, and poor adaptability in traditional cold circulation system testing, and ensures the reliability of the cold circulation system in practical applications.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a testing fixture for a cold cycle system is provided.

[0007] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a testing system is provided.

[0008] This application provides a testing fixture for a cold circulation system, including a pressure measuring component, a temperature sensor group, a flow regulating component, a load, and pipes; the flow regulating component is connected to the pipes; the load is connected to the pipes; the pressure measuring component is connected to the pipes at both ends of the load; and the temperature sensor group is connected to the pipes at both ends of the load; wherein, the flow regulating component regulates the flow rate of the cooling medium in the pipes, the pressure measuring component measures the pressure difference between the pipes at both ends of the load, and the temperature sensor group measures the temperature difference between the pipes at both ends of the load.

[0009] By placing pressure measuring components and temperature sensors in the pipes at both ends of the load, and using flow regulating valves to control the flow rate of the cooling medium through the load, multiple parameters during the heat exchange process between the cooling medium and the load can be accurately measured. The pressure difference and temperature difference between the pipes at both ends of the load can be calculated. Based on the pressure difference and temperature difference, combined with the heat exchange effect on the load under different cooling medium flow rates, the refrigeration performance of the cold circulation system can be accurately evaluated and analyzed. This solves the problems of low efficiency, high cost, and poor adaptability in the traditional cold circulation system testing process, fills the gap in the comprehensive performance evaluation of cold circulation systems, ensures the reliability of the cold circulation system in practical applications, and provides a scientific basis for further system upgrades and modifications. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cold cycle system testing fixture provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cavity and a vacuum angle valve provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure measurement component provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flow regulation component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet according to an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cavity and a vacuum angle valve provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cold cycle system testing fixture provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sealing joint provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first pipe provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second pipe provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a nested connection between a first pipe and a second pipe according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a first pipe, a second pipe, and an indium wire are nested and connected according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an annular boss formed by nested connection of a first pipe and a second pipe, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a fastening kit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a fastening kit consisting of a hexagonal stud and a hexagonal nut, provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sealing joint of a fastening kit consisting of a hexagonal stud and a hexagonal nut, provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a testing system provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Legend

[0029] Pressure measurement assembly 1, temperature sensor group 2, flow regulation assembly 3, load 4, pipe 5, cavity 6, vacuum angle valve 7, electrode 8, cold shield 9;

[0030] First pressure transmitter 101, first pressure measuring pipe 102, second pressure transmitter 103, second pressure measuring pipe 104;

[0031] Flow regulating valve 301, flow regulating pipe 302;

[0032] Cooling medium inlet 501, cooling medium inlet 502, first pipe 510, second pipe 520, diffusion connection layer 530, fastening kit 540;

[0033] First terminal 511, annular groove structure 5111, second terminal 521, annular protrusion structure 5211, indium wire 531, first fastening assembly 541, second fastening assembly 542, thread 543;

[0034] Top cover 601. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of this application; therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] The terminology used in one or more embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the one or more embodiments of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in one or more embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” used in one or more embodiments of this application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items. The term “at least one” in one or more embodiments of this application means “one or more,” and “a plurality of” means “two or more.” The term “comprising” is an open-ended description and should be understood as “including but not limiting,” and may include other content in addition to what has been described.

[0037] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of this application, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, "first" may also be referred to as "second" without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of this application, and similarly, "second" may also be referred to as "first." Depending on the context, the word "if," as used herein, may be interpreted as "when," "in response to a determination," or "when," or "in the event of a determination."

[0038] First, the terms and concepts involved in one or more embodiments of this application will be explained.

[0039] Cold helium: This is helium that has undergone cooling treatment and is typically used as a refrigerant in cryogenic cooling systems to achieve extremely low temperature environments.

[0040] Deep cryogenics: These are extremely low temperature ranges, typically below -150°C, such as in a 4K environment. They are commonly used in fields such as superconductor and special materials research.

[0041] Thermal conductivity describes a material's ability to conduct heat, i.e., the amount of heat passing through a unit area per unit time under a unit temperature gradient.

[0042] Thermal expansion coefficient: It is a coefficient that represents the proportionality of the increase in the size (length, area or volume) of a substance as the temperature increases.

[0043] Ductility: This is the ability of a material to be stretched into a filament or compressed into a sheet without breaking, reflecting the flexibility of the material.

[0044] Cold shield: A thermal shielding structure used to reduce the transfer of heat radiation from external heat sources to low-temperature areas in low-temperature or extreme temperature environments.

[0045] Heat trap: A region or device used to absorb or insulate heat, with the aim of maintaining a low temperature in a specific area and preventing the influence of external heat.

[0046] With the development of science and technology, cryogenic refrigeration technology plays a vital role in many fields of basic research and technological application.

[0047] Currently, in the field of cryogenic refrigeration, a common method is to use a closed-loop system instead of the traditional liquid nitrogen cooling method to provide the required low-temperature environment. This method uses a circulating fan to power the cooling medium gas, causing the gas to circulate within the system. After exchanging heat with the refrigeration equipment, the gas flows to the load area, completes heat exchange in the load area, and then returns to the circulating fan, thus forming a complete circulation loop.

[0048] However, due to the complexity of the cold helium circulation system, after its construction, it is necessary to test the system to ensure its proper functioning in practical applications and to evaluate whether it meets expectations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a test fixture capable of accurately testing the cold helium circulation system.

[0049] This application provides a testing fixture and system for a cold circulation system. By measuring multiple parameters and performing load coupling tests during the heat exchange process between the cooling medium and the load, it solves the problems of low efficiency, high cost, and poor adaptability in traditional cold circulation system testing, and ensures the reliability of the cold circulation system in practical applications.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cold cycle system test fixture provided in an embodiment of this application. The cold cycle system test fixture includes a pressure measurement component 1, a temperature sensor group 2, a flow regulation component 3, a load 4, and a pipe 5.

[0051] The flow regulating component 3 is connected to the pipe 5;

[0052] Load 4 is connected to pipe 5, pressure measuring assembly 1 is connected to pipe 5 at both ends of load 4, and temperature sensor group 2 is connected to pipe 5 at both ends of load 4.

[0053] Among them, the flow regulating component 3 regulates the flow rate of the cooling medium in the pipeline, the pressure measuring component 1 measures the pressure difference between the two ends of the load 4 and the pipeline 5, and the temperature sensor group 2 measures the temperature difference between the two ends of the load 4 and the pipeline 5.

[0054] The pressure measurement assembly 1 is a device used to measure the pressure parameters of the cooling medium within pipe 5 in the cold circulation system. The pressure measurement assembly may include a pressure transmitter and a pressure measurement pipe. Optionally, multiple pressure measurement assemblies may be installed on pipe 5 at both ends of the load 4. The pressure transmitter is a sensor that converts physical pressure signals, such as the pressure of the cooling medium within the pipe, into a standardized electrical signal. This pressure-to-electrical signal conversion is achieved through a pressure-sensitive element (such as a piezoresistive, capacitive, or strain gauge type), and the signal is output to a secondary instrument. The pressure measurement pipe is the pipe section connecting the pressure transmitter and pipe 5.

[0055] Temperature sensor group 2 is a measuring device composed of multiple temperature sensors, used to detect the temperature difference between the pipes 5 at both ends of the load 4 in the cold circulation system. Specifically, temperature sensors (such as thermocouples or resistance temperature detectors) installed on the surface or inside the pipes 5 at both ends of the load 4 are used to measure and collect temperature data of the cooling medium before and after flowing through the load 4 in real time, and to evaluate heat exchange efficiency or temperature loss.

[0056] The flow regulating component 3 is a device used to control the flow rate of the cooling medium in the cold circulation system.

[0057] Load 4 is a thermodynamically relevant load in the refrigeration system test fixture used to simulate actual operation, such as an electric heater (e.g., power 1-10kW), a liquid nitrogen evaporator, or a superconducting magnet. By measuring the pressure difference (ΔP) and temperature difference (ΔT) in the pipes 5 at both ends of load 4, its thermodynamic performance (such as pressure loss and heat exchange efficiency) at a specific flow rate is evaluated, providing data support for optimizing the refrigeration system design or diagnosing faults.

[0058] Pipe 5 serves as the flow channel for the cooling medium in the cold circulation system test fixture. It connects to the pressure measurement components, temperature sensor group, flow regulation components, and load within the fixture, forming a flow loop for the cooling medium. Optionally, to improve the efficiency of heat exchange with the load 4, pipe 5 can be made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as metals like gold, silver, copper, and aluminum. Conversely, to prevent excessive cooling loss during the delivery of the cooling medium to the cold circulation system test fixture, materials with low thermal conductivity, such as stainless steel or ceramics, can be used as the material for the external piping connected to the fixture.

[0059] A cooling medium is a substance used in a cold circulation system to absorb, transfer, or dissipate heat. Specifically, it can maintain the system's thermal balance through phase change heat transfer (such as evaporation / condensation) or sensible heat transfer (temperature change). Optionally, the cooling medium can be cryogenic helium gas, liquid nitrogen (LN2), liquid carbon dioxide (Liquid CO2), etc.

[0060] Specifically, before and after the cooling medium flows through pipe 5 and passes through load 4 to exchange heat (i.e., heat transfer), the amount of cold air it carries, the resulting pressure, and the temperature will all differ. These pressure and temperature differences can be obtained through pressure measurement component 1, temperature sensor group 2, and flow regulation component 3. Based on this, the helium flow rate qm of the cooling medium can be calculated using the thermodynamic formula qm=Q / (Cp·ΔT). By combining the flow regulation component 3 controlling the flow rate of the cooling medium with the pressure measurement component 1 monitoring the pressure difference, a quantitative relationship between heating power, pressure difference, temperature difference, and flow rate can be established.

[0061] In this embodiment, by performing multi-parameter measurements and load coupling tests on the heat exchange process between the cooling medium and the load, multi-parameter dynamic testing of the cold circulation system is achieved. This means that the flow rate can be inferred from the temperature difference under constant pressure conditions, and the cooling efficiency, pressure loss, and heat exchange characteristics of the cold circulation system can be systematically analyzed by adjusting the load power and the flow rate of the cooling medium. This provides accurate data support for optimizing the system design of the cold circulation system or verifying the modification scheme, thereby improving the research and development and maintenance efficiency of the cold circulation system.

[0062] In one embodiment of this application, the load is a heating rod with adjustable power.

[0063] In the refrigeration cycle system test fixture, load 4 serves to simulate an actual heat source to verify the refrigeration performance of the refrigeration cycle system under dynamic heat load. Therefore, the load can be set as an adjustable power heating rod. Specifically, this adjustable power heating rod can be controlled externally (such as by adjusting the current, voltage, or power controller) to simulate different heat loads at different power levels.

[0064] Specifically, when calculating the flow rate of the cooling medium using the formula qm = Q / (Cp·ΔT) in the previous embodiment, the power Q of the heating rod can be directly used as a known variable. By adjusting the value of Q, and simultaneously measuring the cooling medium flow rate qm, temperature difference ΔT, and pressure difference ΔP, a precise correspondence for measuring the refrigeration performance of the cold cycle system can be established. For example, this can include the functional relationship between flow rate and heat input, the correlation between pressure difference and heat load, and the relationship between temperature difference and heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] In this embodiment of the application, by gradually increasing the power of the heating rod of load 4, a multidimensional curve of Q-ΔT-qm-ΔP can be plotted to identify the performance inflection point of the cold cycle system (such as sudden increase in pressure difference, temperature difference saturation, etc.), providing key data for optimized design.

[0066] In one embodiment of this application, a cavity and a vacuum angle valve are also included;

[0067] The vacuum angle valve is located on the outside of the top cover of the cavity;

[0068] The vacuum angle valve evacuates the cavity.

[0069] For example, Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a cavity and a vacuum angle valve according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown:

[0070] The cavity 6 and the top cover 601 of the cavity 6 together form a sealed environment, and the vacuum angle valve 7 is installed on the top cover 601.

[0071] The cavity 6 is a sealed container used to create a controlled vacuum environment. By evacuating the cavity, the influence of the external environment on the testing process of the cold cycle system can be isolated, such as interference from ambient temperature or air convection. It provides a vacuum-sealed environment for the core components of the cold cycle system, such as the pressure measurement component 1, temperature sensor group 2, flow regulation component 3, load 4, and pipeline 5, ensuring that the test is carried out under high vacuum conditions.

[0072] The top cover 601 of the cavity 6 is a removable sealing cover structure on the top of the cavity 6, which typically contains interfaces for various measuring devices or mounting positions for control valves. The top cover 601 of the cavity 6 can provide a mounting position for the vacuum angle valve 7, facilitating vacuuming operations inside the cavity 6. Specifically, the top cover 601 and the cavity 6 can be connected via a flange or threads to ensure the sealing of the cavity 6.

[0073] Vacuum angle valve 7 is a valve used in vacuum systems. Its outlet and inlet are at a 90-degree angle, used to control gas flow or isolate the vacuum environment from the atmosphere. Optionally, vacuum angle valve 7 can be a KF25 angle valve. The KF25 angle valve conforms to international vacuum flange standards (KF flange series), has a nominal diameter of 25mm, excellent sealing performance, and is suitable for medium to high vacuum environments. Specifically, vacuum angle valve 7 can be connected to a vacuum pump to evacuate the interior of chamber 6, and can be quickly opened or closed during testing to control the establishment and release of the vacuum environment.

[0074] In this embodiment, the coordinated design of the cavity, top cover, and vacuum valve enables the shielding of environmental interference and simulation of extreme conditions in the cold cycle system, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the cold cycle system test. It can accurately evaluate the thermodynamic performance of the cold cycle system under conditions without external heat exchange, reduce the deviation of test results by environmental factors, extend the service life of core components, and provide more realistic and controllable experimental conditions for the optimized design and fault diagnosis of the cold cycle system.

[0075] In one embodiment of this application, the pressure measurement assembly 1 includes a first pressure transmitter 101, a second pressure transmitter 102, a first pressure measurement pipe 110, and a second pressure measurement pipe 120.

[0076] The first pressure transmitter 101 and the second pressure transmitter 102 are disposed on the outside of the top cover of the cavity. One end of the first pressure measuring pipe 110 is connected to the first pressure transmitter 101, and one end of the second pressure measuring pipe 120 is connected to the second pressure transmitter 102. The other ends of the first pressure measuring pipe 110 and the other ends of the second pressure measuring pipe 120 pass through the top cover 601 of the cavity 6 and are connected to the pipes 5 at both ends of the load 4.

[0077] A pressure transmitter is a sensor device that converts physical pressure parameters into standard electrical signals. Pressure transmitters can include different types, such as strain gauge, capacitive, or ceramic pressure transmitters. A pressure transmitter can monitor the pressure value inside the pipe 5 at both ends of the load 4 in real time and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal for use by a control system or data logger.

[0078] Specifically, the first pressure transmitter 101 is a pressure transmitter connected to one end of the two pipes 5 of the load 4, and the second pressure transmitter 102 is a pressure transmitter connected to the other end of the two pipes 5 of the load 4.

[0079] The pressure measurement pipeline is a closed pipeline connecting the pressure transmitter and pipeline 5, used to transmit the pressure signal of the measured cooling medium. Specifically, the first pressure measurement pipeline 110 is a closed pipeline connecting the first pressure transmitter 101 and pipeline 5, and the second pressure measurement pipeline 120 is a closed pipeline connecting the second pressure transmitter 102 and pipeline 5.

[0080] The pipes 5 at both ends of load 4 are the upstream and downstream pipe sections of load 4 in the cold circulation system, used to transport the cooling medium.

[0081] For example, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure measurement component according to an embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 3 As shown:

[0082] The first pressure transmitter 101 and the second pressure transmitter 102 are mounted on the top cover 601 of the cavity 6; one end of the first pressure measuring pipe 110 is connected to the first pressure transmitter 101, and the other end passes through the top cover 601 and is connected to one end of the pipe 5 at both ends of the load 4; one end of the second pressure measuring pipe 120 is connected to the second pressure transmitter 102, and the other end passes through the top cover 601 and is connected to the other end of the pipe 5 at both ends of the load 4.

[0083] The first pressure transmitter 101 and the second pressure transmitter 102 are mounted on the top cover 601 of the cavity 6 to avoid direct exposure to low temperature or vacuum environments, thus extending their service life and facilitating maintenance.

[0084] The pressure difference ΔP between the upstream and downstream pipe sections of the load 4 is measured by the first pressure transmitter 101 and the second pressure transmitter 102. This pressure difference is then used to calculate the cooling medium flow rate using the formula qm=Q / (Cp·ΔT) in the aforementioned embodiment, thereby verifying the performance of the cold circulation system.

[0085] In this embodiment, the structure of dual pressure transmitters and sealed measuring pipes enables precise monitoring of the pressure difference between the two ends of the load in a vacuum environment. Based on the pressure difference, parameters such as flow rate and resistance can be directly correlated, supporting multi-dimensional performance evaluation of the cold circulation system and providing key technical support for the research, development, commissioning and maintenance of the cold circulation system.

[0086] In one embodiment of this application, the flow regulating component 3 includes a flow regulating valve 301 and a flow regulating pipe 302. The flow regulating valve 301 is disposed outside the top cover 601 of the cavity 6. One end of the flow regulating pipe 302 is connected to the flow regulating valve 301, and the other end passes through the top cover 601 of the cavity 6 and is connected to the pipe 5.

[0087] The flow regulating valve 301 is a valve with an adjustable opening (flow area) (such as a self-operated balancing valve, a dynamic balancing valve, or an electric regulating valve). By changing the flow area between the valve core and the valve seat, it can precisely control the flow rate of the cooling medium in the pipeline 5.

[0088] The flow regulating pipe 302 is the pipe section connecting the flow regulating valve 301 and the pipe 5.

[0089] The flow rate of the cooling medium is regulated by the flow regulating valve 301 to ensure that the heat exchange capacity of the cooling medium matches the power requirements of the load 4, thus avoiding overcooling or heat accumulation.

[0090] For example, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a flow regulation component according to an embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 4 As shown:

[0091] The flow regulating valve 301 is located on the outside of the top cover 601 of the cavity 6. One end of the flow regulating pipe 302 is connected to the flow regulating valve 301, and the other end passes through the top cover 601 of the cavity 6 and is connected to the pipe 5.

[0092] In this embodiment, the flow rate of the cooling medium is precisely controlled in a vacuum environment through the structure of the flow regulating valve and the flow regulating pipeline. This ensures that the heat exchange capacity of the cooling medium matches the power requirements of the load, avoiding overcooling or heat accumulation. This provides crucial technical support for the research, development, commissioning, and maintenance of cold circulation systems.

[0093] In one embodiment of this application, the two ends of the pipe 5 include a cooling medium inlet 501 and a cooling medium outlet 502. The cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502 are disposed outside the top cover 601 of the cavity 6. The two ends of the pipe 5 pass through the top cover 601 of the cavity 6 and are respectively connected to the cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502.

[0094] The cooling medium inlet 501 is the inlet for the cooling medium (such as helium, liquid nitrogen, etc.) to enter the cold circulation system test fixture, and is connected to an external supply source. The cooling medium outlet 502 is the outlet for the cooling medium to return to the circulation system after completing heat exchange with the load 4, and is usually connected to a reflux or recirculation device. Both the cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502 are located outside the top cover 601 of the cavity 6, facilitating external connection without disrupting the vacuum environment. Furthermore, the cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502 are the two ends of the pipe 5. Since the pipe 5 is usually made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, while the external delivery pipeline connected to the cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502 of the pipe 5 is usually made of a material with low thermal conductivity, such as stainless steel, and since metal materials with different thermal conductivity have different coefficients of thermal expansion, welding cannot be used for connection. Therefore, optionally, sealing joints can be provided on the cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502 for connection.

[0095] For example, Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown:

[0096] The two ends of the pipe 5 include a cooling medium inlet 501 and a cooling medium outlet 502. The cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502 are located outside the top cover 601 of the cavity 6. The two ends of the pipe 5 pass through the top cover 601 of the cavity 6 and are respectively connected to the cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502.

[0097] In this embodiment, the efficient circulation of the cooling medium and the stable maintenance of the vacuum environment are achieved through the cooling medium inlet and outlet, and the corresponding pipeline connection structure.

[0098] In one embodiment of this application, the cold cycle system test fixture further includes an electrode 8;

[0099] Electrode 8 is located on the outside of the top cover 601 of cavity 6, and the wiring of load 4 and temperature sensor group 2 is electrically connected to electrode 8.

[0100] Electrode 8 is a conductive component used to transmit electrical energy or signals, typically made of conductive materials such as copper, stainless steel, or gold-plated brass. Electrode 8 can be electrically connected to the load 4 and the temperature sensor group 2. Specifically, electrode 8 can serve as a power transmission line electrode, providing power to the load 4 and the temperature sensor group 2; it can also serve as a signal line electrode, connecting to the temperature sensor group and transmitting temperature data to the control system. Electrode 8 is located on the outside of the top cover 601 of the cavity 6, facilitating external connections and avoiding disruption of the vacuum environment. Optionally, electrode 8 can be a four-core electrode to improve circuit integration and avoid electromagnetic interference.

[0101] For example, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode according to an embodiment of this application is shown, as follows: Figure 6 As shown:

[0102] Electrode 8 is located on the outside of the top cover 601 of cavity 6.

[0103] In this embodiment, by setting electrodes for power supply and receiving electrical signals on the outside of the top cover, the efficient integration of load power supply and temperature monitoring in the cold cycle system test fixture is realized. By electrically connecting the load and temperature sensor group to the cavity, the damage to the vacuum environment is avoided, and vacuum sealing and anti-interference design are realized, ensuring long-term stable operation under low temperature and high vacuum, and providing key technical support for the reliability of the cold cycle system.

[0104] In one embodiment of this application, the cold cycle system test fixture further includes a cold screen 9;

[0105] The cold shield 9 is located inside the cavity 6, and the pipe 5, load 4 and temperature sensor group 2 are located inside the cold shield.

[0106] A Cryostat Thermal Shield is a thermal shielding structure used in low-temperature or extreme temperature environments. It reduces the transfer of heat radiation from external heat sources to low-temperature areas through physical isolation. Cryostats are typically made of 6061 aluminum alloy or 304LN stainless steel, and their surfaces are usually smooth and mirror-like.

[0107] In a vacuum environment, heat is mainly transferred through radiation. Therefore, the high reflectivity of the cold screen 9 with a smooth mirror surface reflects the radiation from the external heat source to reduce heat inflow and keep the internal temperature of the cold screen lower than the external environment, thus forming a heat trap.

[0108] Figure 7 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a cavity and a vacuum angle valve according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown:

[0109] The cold screen 9 is located inside the cavity 6, and the pipe 5, load 4 and temperature sensor group 2 are located inside the cold screen; the cavity 6 is evacuated by the vacuum valve 7, so that the cold screen 9 is placed in a vacuum environment.

[0110] Optionally, the cooling screen 9 and the top cover 601 can be suspended by bolts, that is, the main body of the cooling screen 9 does not come into contact with the main body of the cavity 6, so as to further avoid heat transfer and reduce interference from environmental factors.

[0111] In this embodiment, the cold shield effectively isolates external thermal radiation in a vacuum environment, significantly reducing the heat inflow from the external environment into the cold shield and forming a low-temperature heat trap. This ensures that the pipes, loads, and temperature sensor group are in a stable low-temperature environment, thereby reducing the interference of ambient heat on load power measurement, improving test accuracy and data reliability, while reducing system energy consumption and extending equipment life, and achieving high-sensitivity, low-interference thermal management in a vacuum environment.

[0112] In one embodiment of this application, the cold cycle system test fixture further includes a fuma wheel; the fuma wheel is installed at the bottom of the cavity 6.

[0113] Fuma wheels are used to facilitate movement when testing fixtures in cold circulation systems require displacement.

[0114] In one embodiment of this application, flange sleeves are also provided outside the cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502.

[0115] The flange sleeve is used to enclose the cooling medium inlet 501 and the cooling medium outlet 502, as well as the sealing joints thereon. One end of the flange sleeve is connected to the top cover 601, and the other end is a flange for connecting to an external cooling medium delivery pipeline. Specifically, it is used to connect to the external cooling medium delivery pipeline's outer shell pipeline, which is used for insulation and heat preservation.

[0116] In one embodiment of this application, exemplarily, Figure 8 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a cold cycle system test fixture according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown:

[0117] The pressure measurement assembly 1 includes a first pressure transmitter 101, a second pressure transmitter 102, a first pressure measurement pipe 110, and a second pressure measurement pipe 120. The first pressure transmitter 101 and the second pressure transmitter 102 are located outside the top cover 601 of the cavity 6. The first pressure measurement pipe 110 and the second pressure measurement pipe 120 connect the first pressure transmitter 101 and pipe 5, and the second pressure transmitter 102 and pipe 5, respectively. The temperature sensor group 2, the load 4, and the pipe 5 are located inside the cold shield 9. The cold shield 9 is located inside the cavity 6. The flow regulation assembly 3 includes a flow regulation valve 301 and a flow regulation pipe 302. The flow regulation valve is located outside the top cover 601 of the body 6, and the flow regulation pipe... Pipe 302 connects flow regulating valve 301 and pipe 5; both ends of pipe 5 include cooling medium inlet 501 and cooling medium outlet 502, which are located outside the top cover 601 of cavity 6. Both ends of pipe 5 pass through the top cover 601 and connect to the cooling medium inlet 501 and cooling medium outlet 502; vacuum angle valve 7 is located outside the top cover 601 of cavity 6 to evacuate cavity 6; electrode 8 is located outside the top cover 601 of cavity 6 and is electrically connected to load 4 and temperature sensor group 2; cold shield 9 is suspended and installed inside the top cover 601 by bolts; flange sleeve is installed outside the cooling medium inlet 501 and cooling medium outlet 502; fuma wheel is installed at the bottom of cavity 6.

[0118] In one embodiment of this application, the pipeline includes a first pipeline 510 and a second pipeline 520, which are connected by a sealing joint.

[0119] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a sealing joint provided in an embodiment of the present application. The sealing joint includes a first terminal 511 of a first conduit 510 and a second terminal 521 of a second conduit 520.

[0120] The first terminal 511 has an annular groove structure 5111 inside that is radially the same as the first pipe 510, and the second terminal 521 has an annular protrusion structure 5211 inside that is radially the same as the second pipe 520. The first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521 are nested and connected through the annular groove structure 5111 and the annular protrusion structure 5211.

[0121] The nested contact surface between the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521 has a diffusion connection layer 530, which is formed by radially extruding a stretchable material.

[0122] For example, Figure 10 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a first pipe according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 As shown:

[0123] The first pipe 510 is the main body of the pipe that needs to connect with other pipes (such as the second pipe 520). Its material and size can be selected according to the application scenario. Specifically, the first pipe 510 can be made of a material with low thermal conductivity and good insulation to prevent cold loss during the transmission of the cooling medium. The material of the first pipe 510 can be a metallic or non-metallic material. The metallic material can be stainless steel (such as 06Cr19Ni10 / 304 stainless steel), aluminum alloy (such as 6061 aluminum), titanium (such as Ti-6Al-4V), etc., which can maintain excellent performance at low temperatures while having low thermal conductivity. The non-metallic material can be such as foam glass, ceramic fiber, etc. Metallic materials and non-metallic materials can also be combined, for example, wrapping or coating the surface of the metallic material with non-metallic material to further improve the cold insulation performance. The first pipe 510 has a first terminal 511 as a sealing joint for connecting with other pipes, such as the second pipe 520.

[0124] The first terminal 511 is the end structure of the first pipe 510, used to connect to the second terminal 521 of the second pipe 520. The interior of the first terminal is an annular groove structure 5111. The connection method between the first terminal 511 and the first pipe 510 can include integral molding, welding, etc. The first terminal 511 is an interface nested with the second terminal 521, and a good seal is achieved at deep cryogenic temperatures through a diffusion connection layer between the contact surfaces.

[0125] The annular groove structure 5111 is an annular recessed structure inside the first terminal 511. The radial direction of the annular groove structure 5111 is consistent with the radial direction of the first pipe 510, and the inner wall diameter of the groove is the same as the outer diameter of the first pipe 510. The annular groove structure 5111 and the annular protrusion structure 5211 of the second terminal 521 form a nested fit.

[0126] For example, Figure 11 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a first pipe according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 As shown:

[0127] The second pipe 520 is another main pipe body connected to the first pipe 510. The material and size of the second pipe 520 can be selected according to the application scenario, but generally it is made of a different material than the first pipe 510. Specifically, the second pipe 520 can be made of a material with high thermal conductivity to improve thermal conductivity during the heat exchange process between the cooling medium and the load. The material of the second pipe 520 can also be a metallic or non-metallic material. The metallic material can be copper (such as pure copper or copper alloy), silver, etc., which can maintain excellent performance at low temperatures while also having a high thermal conductivity. The non-metallic material can be graphite (high-purity graphite or graphene), carbon fiber composite materials, etc. The second pipe 520 has a second terminal 521 as a sealing joint for connecting with other pipes, such as the first pipe 510.

[0128] The second terminal 521 is the end structure of the second pipe 520, used to connect to the first terminal 511 of the first pipe 510. The interior of the second terminal is an annular protrusion structure 5211. The connection method between the second terminal 521 and the second pipe 520 can also include integral molding, welding, etc. The second terminal 521 is an interface nested with the first terminal 511, and a good seal is achieved at deep cryogenic temperatures through a diffusion connection layer between the contact surfaces.

[0129] The annular protrusion structure 5211 is an annular protrusion structure inside the second terminal 521. The radial direction of the annular protrusion structure 5211 is consistent with the radial direction of the second pipe 520, and the inner diameter of the protrusion is the same as the outer diameter of the second pipe 520. The annular protrusion structure 5211 and the annular groove structure 5111 of the first terminal 511 form a nested fit.

[0130] For example, Figure 12 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a nested connection between a first pipe and a second pipe according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 As shown:

[0131] The first pipe 510 and the second pipe 520 have the same radial direction. The interior of the first terminal 511 of the first pipe 510 is an annular groove structure 5111. The interior of the second terminal 521 of the second pipe 520 is an annular protrusion structure 5211. The annular protrusion structure 5211 and the annular groove structure 5111 cooperate to form a nested connection.

[0132] The diffusion bonding layer 530 is a bonding layer formed by radially extruding a malleable material. It is located between the nested contact surfaces of the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521 to form a diffusion bonding layer 530 on the surfaces of the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521, filling the microscopic gaps between the contact surfaces and thus achieving a sealed connection between the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521. Specifically, the malleable material can be a material with good flowability and ductility at low temperatures, such as gold, silver, titanium, indium, etc. The malleable material can be formed into annular filaments that cooperate with the annular groove structure 5111, and pre-placed within the annular groove structure 5111 during the nested connection process of the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521. It is formed by radially extruding the annular protrusion structure 5211 and the annular groove structure 5111. By extruding the malleable material to form the diffusion bonding layer, an atomic-level seal is achieved between the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521.

[0133] In this embodiment, the failure problem of traditional sealing methods at deep cryogenic temperatures is solved by using a nested structure and a diffusion connection layer, achieving reliable and rapid connection and sealing.

[0134] In one embodiment of this application, the diffusion bonding layer is an indium-based cold solder layer, and the stretchable material is an indium wire.

[0135] Specifically, when a metallic material is selected as the malleable material, extruding the metallic material will cause a metallurgical bonding layer to form on the surfaces of the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521. The metallurgical bonding layer is a metallurgical connection structure formed at the interface of two metallic materials through atomic diffusion or high pressure; its essence is atomic-level bonding, rather than simple physical adhesion. The metallurgical bonding layer is typically an intermetallic compound or solid solution formed by the interdiffusion of the base material and the solder or malleable material.

[0136] In this embodiment, indium is preferably used as the malleable material. Indium retains its malleability (elongation > 80%) even at deep cryogenic temperatures (e.g., 4K) and also exhibits fluidity, achieving absolute sealing in cryogenic environments. Specifically, the mechanical pressure between the annular groove structure 5111 and the annular protrusion structure 5211 is used to break the oxide film on the metal surface, forcing the fresh metal to come into contact and undergo atomic bonding. The diffusion bonding layer formed by indium connecting the surfaces of the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521 is an indium-based cold solder layer.

[0137] For example, Figure 13 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of a structure in which a first conduit, a second conduit, and an indium wire are nested and connected according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 As shown:

[0138] The first conduit 510 and the second conduit 520 have the same radial direction. The interior of the first terminal 511 of the first conduit 510 is an annular groove structure 5111. The interior of the second terminal 521 of the second conduit 520 is an annular protrusion structure 5211. The annular protrusion structure 5211 and the annular groove structure 5111 cooperate to form a nested connection. The indium wire 531 is an annular structure. The inner diameter of the indium wire 531 is larger than the diameter of the inner wall of the annular groove structure 5111, and the outer diameter of the indium wire 531 is smaller than the diameter of the outer wall of the annular groove structure 5111. That is, the indium wire 531 can be placed inside the annular groove structure 5111.

[0139] In this embodiment, by applying radial mechanical pressure to the indium wire during the nested connection of the annular groove structure and the annular protrusion structure, an indium-based cold solder layer is formed, achieving a connection effect with high reliability, sealing performance and process compatibility. This ensures that an airtight seal can be formed without high-temperature welding in low-temperature environments, making it particularly suitable for heat-sensitive or vibration / corrosion-resistant scenarios. At the same time, it simplifies the assembly process and reduces process complexity.

[0140] In one embodiment of this application, the sealing joint further includes a fastening kit 540; the outer sides of the nested first terminal 511 and second terminal 521 form an annular boss, the outer diameters of the two ends of the annular boss being larger than the outer diameters of the first pipe 510 and the second pipe 520;

[0141] The two end faces inside the fastening kit 540 abut against the two ends of the annular boss.

[0142] The fastening kit 540 is a mechanical fixing component that is fitted onto the outside of the pipe connection and achieves a stable connection of the joint through axial pressure or threaded locking.

[0143] For example, Figure 14 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of an annular boss formed by nested connection of a first pipe and a second pipe, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 14 As shown:

[0144] An annular boss is a ring-shaped structure that protrudes along the circumference of the surface of a mechanical component. Its outer diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the base, forming a raised support surface. In the embodiments of this application, the annular boss is an annular stepped protrusion structure formed by the outer surfaces of the nested first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521. Its two ends have outer diameters larger than the outer diameters of the first pipe 510 and the second pipe 520, forming an axial limiting surface.

[0145] Specifically, the fastening kit 540 encloses the annular boss formed by the nested connection of the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521. The inner end face of the fastening kit 540 contacts both ends of the annular boss, restricting the axial displacement of the pipe under stress. The fastening kit 540 ensures a tight connection between the two by uniformly transmitting external fastening forces (such as bolt preload, mechanical clamping force, etc.) to both ends of the annular boss formed by the nested connection of the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521.

[0146] The first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521 are nested together to form an annular boss. A fastening kit is installed on the outside of the annular boss to ensure that the inner end face of the fastening kit abuts against the two ends of the annular boss. A uniform fastening force is applied to the two ends of the annular boss through the fastening kit to prevent radial displacement between the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521 and to assist in the formation of a diffusion bonding layer by the stretchable material.

[0147] In this embodiment, the coordinated design of the annular boss formed by the two terminals and the fastening kit achieves high stability and sealing of the mechanical connection between the two terminals.

[0148] In one embodiment of this application, the fastening kit 540 includes a first fastening component 541 and a second fastening component 542;

[0149] The outer wall of the first fastening component 541 and the inner wall of the second fastening component 542 are respectively provided with threads 543, and the first fastening component 541 and the second fastening component 542 are connected by threads 543.

[0150] The first fastening component 541 is a fastening part with threads 543 on its outer wall, typically a stud, an external threaded connector, or a sleeve with external threads. During the fastening process, the threads 543 on the outer wall of the first fastening component 541 engage with the threads 543 on the inner wall of the second fastening component 542, and axial pressure is applied by rotation to achieve a locking fastening.

[0151] The second fastening component 542 is a connecting part with threads on its inner wall, typically a nut or an internally threaded sleeve. The threads 543 on the inner wall of the second fastening component 542 engage with the threads 543 on the outer wall of the first fastening component 541, and locking is achieved by applying axial pressure through rotation.

[0152] Thread 543 is a helical, continuous raised portion with a specific cross-section formed on a cylindrical or conical surface. Optionally, thread 543 can be an imperial cylindrical pipe thread G5 / 8, or a metric thread or other specifications of thread.

[0153] Optionally, the annular boss formed by the nested connection of the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521 can be a cylinder. In this case, there is a cylindrical cavity with an opening at one end inside the first fastening assembly 541, and the opening is used to pass through the second pipe 520. There is also a cylindrical cavity with an opening at one end and threads on the inner wall inside the second fastening assembly 542, and the opening is used to pass through the first pipe 510. The diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the first fastening assembly 541 matches the diameter of the annular boss. The diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the second fastening assembly 542 matches the outer diameter of the first fastening assembly 541. The two end faces on the inner side of the fastening kit 540 are the bottom surface of the cylindrical cavity of the first fastening assembly 541 and the ground surface of the cylindrical cavity of the second fastening assembly 542, respectively.

[0154] Optionally, the height of the cylindrical cavity of the first fastening component 541 is less than the height of the annular boss, so that during the process of fastening the first fastening component 541 and the second fastening component 542 by threaded locking, the first terminal 511 and the second terminal 521 can be fully squeezed, thereby realizing radial compression of the stretchable material to form a diffusion connection layer.

[0155] For example, Figure 15 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a fastening kit according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 15 As shown:

[0156] The first conduit 510 passes through the second fastening assembly 542, and the second conduit 520 passes through the first fastening assembly 541. The first terminal 511 on the first conduit 510 is nested and connected to the annular protrusion 5211 inside the second terminal 521 on the second conduit 520 through the internal annular groove structure 5111. The resulting annular boss is located inside the first fastening assembly 541. The second fastening assembly 542 is rotatably connected to the first fastening assembly 541 through the thread 543, and radial pressure is applied to both sides of the annular boss, so that the stretchable material forms a diffusion bonding layer 530.

[0157] In this embodiment, the threaded connection between the first fastening component and the second fastening component allows for radial compression of the annular boss formed by the nested connection of the first terminal and the second terminal. This prevents axial movement of the first terminal and the second terminal while simultaneously enabling radial compression of the stretchable material to form a diffusion connection layer, thereby improving sealing performance and mechanical strength.

[0158] In one embodiment of this application, the outer mating surface of the first fastening component 541 is a regular polygon, and the outer mating surface of the second fastening component 542 is a regular polygon.

[0159] The external mating surface is the geometric surface on the outer contour of the first fastening component 541 and the second fastening component 542, used for contact with tools or other parts. Its shape is limited to a regular polygon (such as a hexagon, quadrilateral, etc.), and its core function is to achieve efficient torque transmission and anti-slip through a multi-plane uniform force distribution mechanism. For example, the external mating surface of a hexagonal stud or hexagonal nut is a standard regular hexagon, which is compatible with tools such as wrenches, ensuring torque controllability during assembly. Specifically, the regular polygon is preferably a regular hexagon, i.e., a hexagon, as the hexagonal external mating surface can combine high symmetry with tool compatibility.

[0160] For example, Figure 16 This illustration shows an assembly structure diagram of a fastening kit consisting of a hexagonal stud and a hexagonal nut, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 17 A schematic diagram of a sealing joint for a fastening kit consisting of a hexagonal stud and a hexagonal nut, provided in one embodiment of this application, is shown.

[0161] like Figure 16 As shown:

[0162] The first conduit 510 passes through the second fastening assembly 542, and the second conduit 520 passes through the first fastening assembly 541; the first terminal 511 on the first conduit 510 corresponds to the annular protrusion 5211 inside the second terminal 521 on the second conduit 520 through the internal annular groove structure 5111, and the stretchable indium wire 531 is placed in the annular groove structure 5111.

[0163] like Figure 17 As shown:

[0164] The annular boss formed by the nested connection of the first terminal 511 on the first pipe 510 and the second terminal 521 on the second pipe 520 is covered by the first fastening component 541 and the second fastening component 542; the first fastening component 541 and the second fastening component 542 are rotatably connected by the thread 543.

[0165] In this embodiment, by defining the outer mating surfaces of the first and second fastening components as regular polygons, the operating efficiency and anti-loosening reliability of the fastening components are further optimized based on the use of threaded connections.

[0166] In one embodiment of this application, the materials of the first pipe 510 and the second pipe 520 have different thermal conductivity.

[0167] Thermal conductivity (unit: W / (m·K)) is a quantitative indicator of a material's ability to conduct heat. It reflects the amount of heat transferred per unit time through a unit area under a unit temperature gradient (a temperature difference of 1 K within a 1-meter length). Thermal conductivity can be calculated using the following formula: K = (Q·L) / (A·ΔT), where Q is the amount of heat (W), L is the material thickness (m), and A is the heat transfer area (m²). 2 ), where ΔT is the temperature difference (K).

[0168] In practical applications, for overall systems such as cold circulation systems, different pipe sections may perform different functions. Therefore, precise thermal control can be achieved by connecting pipes with different thermal conductivity. Thus, the sealing joint provided in this embodiment can be used to connect a first pipe 510 and a second pipe 520 made of materials with different thermal conductivity.

[0169] For example, taking the test fixture of a cold circulation system as an example, when using pipelines to transport cooling media such as cold helium, it is necessary to use pipelines made of materials with low thermal conductivity to minimize the loss of cooling medium during transmission; while when the cooling medium flows through the load and needs to exchange heat, it is necessary to use pipelines made of materials with high thermal conductivity to improve heat exchange efficiency and thus improve the cooling effect.

[0170] Furthermore, materials with different thermal conductivity generally have different coefficients of thermal expansion. Therefore, in practical applications, when connecting pipes made of materials with different thermal conductivity, if traditional welding methods are used, the different coefficients of thermal expansion will lead to problems such as difficulty in bonding the welding interface and low-temperature brittleness. This will cause stress at the weld, resulting in defects such as pore cracks and fissures during circulation, which will lead to leakage of the cooling medium.

[0171] Therefore, the sealing joints provided in the embodiments of this application can be used to connect pipes made of materials with different thermal conductivity.

[0172] In one embodiment of this application, the first pipe 510 is made of stainless steel, and the second pipe 520 is made of copper.

[0173] In cold circulation systems, due to the extremely low temperature of cooling media such as cold helium and liquid nitrogen, metallic materials, which have better ductility, possess superior performance in cryogenic environments compared to non-metallic materials. Therefore, metallic materials are preferably used as the materials for the first pipe 510 and the second pipe 520.

[0174] Furthermore, in practical applications, the distance of cold circulation pipelines is often quite long, making rare and precious metals such as gold and silver unsuitable. Considering both cost and thermal conductivity, stainless steel is preferred as the material for the first pipe 510, and copper as the material for the second pipe 520. Stainless steel has a thermal conductivity of approximately 16 W / (m·K), which can reduce cold loss during the cooling medium transport process, while copper has a thermal conductivity of approximately 398 W / (m·K), which can improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0175] In this embodiment, by selecting stainless steel and copper as the materials for the first and second pipes of the cold circulation system, the application of materials with different thermal conductivity is comprehensively considered, while also ensuring beneficial performance in low-temperature environments.

[0176] Corresponding to the aforementioned testing fixtures for the cold cycle system, this application also provides an embodiment of a testing system. Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a test system provided in an embodiment of this application. The test system 12 includes a cold cycle system 10 and a cold cycle system test fixture 11.

[0177] The cold circulation system 10 and the cold circulation system test fixture 11 are connected by a cooling medium transmission pipe 1101.

[0178] Optionally, the cooling medium transfer pipe 1101 can be made of a material with low thermal conductivity, such as stainless steel. The connection between the cooling medium transfer pipe 1101 and the cold circulation system test fixture 11 can be achieved using a sealed joint.

[0179] In this embodiment, by using cooling medium transmission pipes and sealing joints to connect the cold circulation system and the cold circulation system test fixture, the heat loss and leakage risk during the cooling medium transmission process are effectively reduced, the thermal stability and test accuracy of the cold circulation system are improved, and efficient and reliable complete thermal management is achieved.

[0180] The above is an illustrative scheme of a testing system according to an embodiment of this application. It should be noted that the technical solution of this testing system belongs to the same concept as the technical solution of the cold cycle system testing fixture described above. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the testing system, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the cold cycle system testing fixture described above.

[0181] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0182] Those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application. In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses, and for parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0183] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are merely illustrative of this application. The above embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit this application to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this application. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this application to better explain the principles and practical applications of this application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize this application.

Claims

1. A cold cycle system test fixture, characterized by, Includes pressure measurement components, temperature sensor arrays, flow control components, load, and piping; The flow regulation component is connected to the pipeline; The load is connected to the pipe, the pressure measuring assembly is connected to the pipes at both ends of the load, and the temperature sensor group is connected to the pipes at both ends of the load. The flow regulating component regulates the flow rate of the cooling medium in the pipe, the pressure measuring component measures the pressure difference between the pipes at both ends of the load, and the temperature sensor group measures the temperature difference between the pipes at both ends of the load.

2. The cold-cycling system test fixture of claim 1, wherein, The load is an adjustable power heating rod.

3. The cold-cycling system test fixture of claim 1 or 2, wherein, It also includes the cavity and vacuum angle valve; The vacuum angle valve is located on the outside of the top cover of the cavity; The vacuum angle valve evacuates the interior of the cavity.

4. The cold-cycling system test fixture of claim 3, wherein, The pressure measurement assembly includes a first pressure transmitter, a second pressure transmitter, a first pressure measurement pipe, and a second pressure measurement pipe. The first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter are disposed outside the top cover of the cavity. One end of the first pressure measuring pipe is connected to the first pressure transmitter, and one end of the second pressure measuring pipe is connected to the second pressure transmitter. The other ends of the first pressure measuring pipe and the other ends of the second pressure measuring pipe pass through the top cover of the cavity and are connected to the pipes at both ends of the load.

5. The cold-cycling system test fixture of claim 3, wherein, The flow regulating assembly includes a flow regulating valve and a flow regulating pipe. The flow regulating valve is located on the outside of the top cover of the cavity. One end of the flow regulating pipe is connected to the flow regulating valve, and the other end passes through the top cover of the cavity and is connected to the pipe.

6. The cold-cycling system test fixture of claim 3, wherein, The pipe has a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet at both ends. The cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet are located outside the top cover of the cavity. The two ends of the pipe pass through the top cover of the cavity and are respectively connected to the cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet.

7. The cold-cycling system test fixture of claim 3, wherein, It also includes electrodes; The electrode is located on the outside of the top cover of the cavity, and the load and the temperature sensor group are electrically connected to the electrode.

8. The cold-cycling system test fixture of claim 3, wherein, This also includes cold screens; The cold shield is disposed inside the cavity, and the pipe, the load, and the temperature sensor group are disposed inside the cold shield.

9. The cold-cycling system test fixture of claim 1, wherein, The pipeline includes a first pipeline and a second pipeline, which are connected by a sealing joint. The sealing joint includes a first terminal of a first pipe and a second terminal of a second pipe; The first terminal has an annular groove structure with the same radial direction as the first pipe, and the second terminal has an annular protrusion structure with the same radial direction as the second pipe. The first terminal and the second terminal are nested and connected by the annular groove structure and the annular protrusion structure. The nested contact surface between the first terminal and the second terminal has a diffusion connection layer, which is formed by radially extruding a stretchable material.

10. A test system, characterized by Includes a cold cycle system and a cold cycle system test fixture as described in any one of claims 1-9; The cold circulation system and the cold circulation system test fixture are connected by a cooling medium transmission pipeline.

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