Multifunctional BMS (Battery Management System) diagnostor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional BMS (Battery Management System) diagnosis device, which comprises an MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit), a communication switching module, a display switching module, a debugging, burning and activating module, a power supply module, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface, a touch screen interface, a 485 interface, a diagnosis device interface and other peripheral interfaces, based on an analog switch, a communication switching module realizes switching between a UART interface and a 485 interface under the control of an operation interface, a display switching module automatically realizes switching between a touch screen and the operation interface of an upper computer under the participation of a USB interface, and a debugging burning activation module is automatically activated or turned off under the control of a clock to realize automatic program burning and turn-off protection. According to the BMS diagnosis device, various functions such as program burning, touch screen display diagnosis and upper computer interaction can be completed without manual intervention of the trend of a communication link, the diagnosis efficiency is greatly improved, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of BMS testing technology, and in particular to a multifunctional BMS diagnostic tool. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems, the performance and reliability of the Battery Management System (BMS), as a core component ensuring the safe and efficient operation of battery packs, are receiving increasing attention. Traditional BMS diagnostic tools often have limited functionality and cannot meet the complex and ever-changing diagnostic needs of modern BMS. Therefore, developing a BMS diagnostic tool that integrates multiple functions is of great significance for improving diagnostic efficiency and reducing maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to provide a BMS diagnostic tool that integrates multiple communication interfaces, program burning, touchscreen display diagnostics, host computer interaction, and external barcode scanner functionality. This addresses the problems of limited functionality and inconvenient operation in existing BMS diagnostic tools.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A multi-functional BMS diagnostic tool includes: an MCU, a communication switching module, a display switching module, a debugging, programming and activation module, a power supply module, and peripheral interfaces;

[0006] The peripheral interfaces include: a USB interface, a touch screen interface, a 485 interface, and a diagnostic interface;

[0007] The communication switching module includes a first multi-channel analog switch, configured as follows:

[0008] Its selection control terminal is connected to the GPIO interface of the MCU;

[0009] Its enable control terminal is grounded through a resistor;

[0010] Its normally closed channel is connected to the UART interface of the diagnostic tool;

[0011] Its normally open channel is connected to the UART interface of the 485 interface;

[0012] The display switching module includes a second multi-channel analog switch, configured as follows:

[0013] Its selection control terminal is connected to the power supply of the USB interface;

[0014] Its enable control terminal is pulled up and grounded through the first semiconductor switch;

[0015] Its normally closed channel is connected to the UART interface of the touch screen interface;

[0016] Its normally open channel is connected to the UART interface of the MCU;

[0017] The first semiconductor switch is turned on when there is power from the battery or the USB interface, and grounds the enable control terminal.

[0018] The communication switching module and the display switching module are interconnected via a common channel for signal relay.

[0019] The debugging, programming, and activation module includes a third multi-channel analog switch, configured as follows:

[0020] Its selection control terminal is grounded through a resistor;

[0021] Its enable control terminal is pulled up by a resistor and grounded through a second semiconductor switch;

[0022] Its normally closed channel is connected to the reset signal ##RST, clock signal ##CLK, and bidirectional data signal ##DIO of the debug interface of the diagnostic tool interface;

[0023] Its normally open passage is suspended in the air;

[0024] Its common channel is connected to the reset signal TT_RST, clock signal TT_JTCK and bidirectional data signal JTMS of the MCU's debug interface;

[0025] The control terminal of the second semiconductor switch is connected to the clock signal TT_JTCK via a diode and grounded via a parallel RC circuit; when the clock signal TT_JTCK is high, the second semiconductor switch closes, pulling the enable control terminal down to ground.

[0026] The power supply module is electrically connected to the MCU, communication switching module, display switching module, and debugging, programming, and activation module to provide power.

[0027] Furthermore, the first multi-channel analog switch adopts a dual-channel two-to-one analog switch chip.

[0028] Furthermore, the second multi-channel analog switch adopts a dual-channel two-to-one analog switch chip; the first semiconductor switch is an NMOS transistor or an NPN transistor.

[0029] Furthermore, the third multi-channel analog switch adopts a dual-channel four-to-one analog switch chip; the second semiconductor switch is an NMOS transistor or an NPN transistor.

[0030] Furthermore, the MCU debugging interface includes JTAG mode and SWD mode.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes a barcode scanner interface for communication between the barcode scanner and the MCU.

[0032] Furthermore, the power supply module includes:

[0033] The charging management circuit has its input terminal connected to the power pin of the USB interface and an independent power interface via Schottky diodes, and its output terminal connected to the rechargeable battery. The charging management circuit includes a charging management chip for switching between constant current charging mode and constant voltage charging mode according to the voltage and temperature of the rechargeable battery.

[0034] The first low-dropout linear regulator has its input connected to the power pin of the USB interface to further convert the 5V voltage to 3.3V to power the MCU.

[0035] The second low-dropout linear regulator has its input terminals connected to the power pin of the USB interface and the positive terminal of the rechargeable battery via two diodes, respectively, to further convert the input voltage to 3.3V, thereby powering the communication switching module, display switching module, and debugging, burning, and activation module.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the significant features of this utility model are:

[0037] This utility model's multifunctional BMS diagnostic tool integrates multiple communication interfaces. Through its built-in communication switching circuit and display switching circuit, it can complete multiple functions such as program burning, touch screen display diagnosis, and host computer interaction without manual intervention in the communication link, greatly improving diagnostic efficiency and reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the multifunctional BMS diagnostic tool of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 This is the MCU and peripheral circuit diagram of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 3 This is the USB interface circuit diagram of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the display switching module of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 5 This is the circuit diagram of the touch screen interface of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the communication switching module of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 7This is the circuit diagram of the 485 interface conversion module of this utility model;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the diagnostic interface and protection circuit of this utility model;

[0046] Figure 9 This is the circuit diagram of the debugging, burning, and activation module of this utility model;

[0047] Figure 10 This is the circuit diagram of the power supply module of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of the present invention and are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments, and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementations and the advantages of the present invention. Components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0049] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a multi-functional BMS diagnostic tool 1, which integrates a microcontroller MCU 104, and multiple peripheral interfaces such as a diagnostic tool interface 101, a touch screen interface 102, a USB interface 103 (for connecting to a host computer), and a barcode scanner interface 105. It can perform various functions including program burning, touch screen display diagnostics, host computer interaction, and external barcode scanner connection. The description is as follows:

[0051] I. Multiple Communication Interfaces

[0052] This BMS diagnostic tool has multiple communication interfaces, including but not limited to:

[0053] (1) UART interface: Supports standard serial TTL communication and is widely compatible with the communication protocols of most BMS devices on the market.

[0054] (2) 485 interface: Specifically optimized for long-distance, multi-node communication, suitable for distributed management of large battery packs. For ease of explanation, this 485 interface includes a 485 interface conversion circuit and a UART interface connected to the conversion circuit.

[0055] (3) USB interface 103: used to connect to the host computer (management terminal or server, etc.) to provide high-speed data transmission capability, which facilitates data backup, software upgrade and program burning operations. At the same time, the USB interface also controls the display of the touch screen. When the host computer is connected through the USB interface, the display and operation control of the BMS diagnostic tool will automatically switch from the touch screen to the host computer.

[0056] II. Program burning function

[0057] This BMS diagnostic tool 1 has a built-in programming module that supports firmware upgrades or rewriting of the BMS2. It allows for direct firmware upgrades or reprogramming of the BMS through the diagnostic tool interface, eliminating the need to remove the battery pack casing and use a dedicated programming tool. This improves the maintainability and flexibility of the equipment, significantly reduces labor costs in the production process, and enhances the competitiveness of the product.

[0058] III. Touchscreen display, fault diagnosis, fault clearing, parameter setting, and other functions

[0059] Equipped with a high-resolution touchscreen 3, the BMS2 or battery pack can be operated through an intuitive interface during production or by end users to perform fault diagnosis, troubleshooting, performance evaluation and parameter setting without relying on an external computer, thus improving the convenience of on-site operations.

[0060] IV. Functions such as host computer display, fault diagnosis, fault clearing, and parameter setting.

[0061] Connecting to the host computer 4 via USB interface 103 and starting the host computer software enables more detailed fault diagnosis, data analysis, parameter configuration, and other functions, meeting the needs of professional maintenance and technical research and development.

[0062] V. Automatic display switching function after USB is inserted

[0063] When the USB interface 103 is connected to the management terminal, the BMS diagnostic tool 1 automatically recognizes and switches to the host computer control mode. The touch screen interface is automatically turned off or switched to auxiliary display to ensure that the user can perform in-depth operations on the management terminal while maintaining basic control over the diagnostic tool.

[0064] VI. External barcode scanner

[0065] Connect to a barcode scanner via barcode scanner interface 105. The barcode scanner can quickly identify the ID information of the battery pack or BMS module, simplifying the fault diagnosis process and improving work efficiency.

[0066] To achieve the above functions, this BMS diagnostic tool 1 also includes a communication switching module 106, a display switching module 107, and a power supply module 108, which enable automatic switching between the UART and 485 interfaces, and automatic switching between the host computer and the touch screen. The interfaces, communication switching module 106, display switching module 107, and power supply module 108 are described in detail below.

[0067] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of the MCU and its peripheral components.

[0068] Figure 4 The diagram shown is of the display switching module 107. The display switching module uses a dual-channel 2-to-1 analog switch chip U3 and a semiconductor switch circuit. U3 is configured as follows:

[0069] Powered by power supply U3V3 (this power is generated by battery VBT or power supply USB1 through power management chip U6, such as...) Figure 10 (as shown);

[0070] Its selection control terminal IN is connected to the power supply USB1 of the USB interface through resistor R26;

[0071] Its enable control terminal EN# is pulled up through resistor R30 and grounded through an NMOS transistor NM3.

[0072] Its normally closed channels S1B and S1C are connected to the UART interface (TK_RX / TK_TX) of the touch screen interface;

[0073] Its normally open channels S2B and S2C are connected to the UART interface (TT_RX / TT_TX) of the MCU; its common channels DB and DC are connected to the communication control module through relay signals (###RX1 / ###TX1).

[0074] The gate of the NMOS transistor NM3 is connected to the battery positive terminal VBT and the power supply USB1 via diodes, and grounded through parallel resistors R28 and CU12. In practical applications, the NMOS transistor NM3 can also be replaced by an NPN transistor. The parallel resistors R28 and CU12 provide delay and debouncing functionality.

[0075] Figure 6 The circuit diagram example for the communication switching module 106 is shown. The communication switching module uses a dual-channel 2-to-1 analog switch chip U4. U4 is configured as follows:

[0076] Powered by power supply U3V3;

[0077] The strobe control terminal IN is connected to the MCU's S_S signal line via resistor R29;

[0078] The enable control terminal EN# is grounded through resistor R30 and is in an active state.

[0079] The normally closed channels S1B, S1C and the UART interface signals (##RX1 / ##TX1) of the diagnostic interface are connected;

[0080] Normally open channel S2B, S2C and UART interface signals (485_RXD / 485_TXD) of the 485 interface are connected;

[0081] The common channels DB and DC are connected to the display switching module via relay signals (###RX1 / ###TX1).

[0082] The BMS's 485 signal needs to be converted to TTL level by the 485 transceiver module before being sent to U3 for communication path switching. For example... Figure 7 As shown.

[0083] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the diagnostic interface is a JTAG and SWD multiplexed interface used for communication with the BMS. It includes the ##RX1 and ##TX1 data lines for UART communication, the ##DIO, ##CLK, and ##RST signal lines for debugging, and a GND ground line and a VDC power line. The ##DIO and ##CLK lines are multiplexed, serving as a bidirectional data and clock line for both the JTAG and SWD interfaces. The ##DIO, ##CLK, and ##RST signal lines of the diagnostic interface are connected to the MCU via a debugging and programming activation module.

[0084] The debugging, programming, and activation module uses a four-channel two-to-one analog switch chip U2 and a semiconductor switch circuit based on an NMOS transistor NM2.

[0085] Configure U2 as follows:

[0086] The U2 strobe control terminal IN is set to 0 by default; the default diagnostic interface's ##DIO, ##CLK, and ##RST signal lines are connected to the MCU's TT_JTMS, TT_JTCK, and TT_NRST signal lines, respectively.

[0087] The enable control terminal EN# of U2 is pulled up through resistor R21 and connected to the drain of NMOS transistor NM2 through diode D5. The gate of NMOS transistor NM2 is connected to TT_JTCK, and the source is grounded.

[0088] Based on this circuit, the enable control terminal EN# is set to 1 by default, and U2 is in standby or off state. When the CLK input is high, the NMOS transistor NM2 is turned on, which sets the enable control terminal EN# to 0, activating U2.

[0089] BMS Diagnostic Tool 1 can be configured to normal working mode, debug mode, and programming mode:

[0090] In normal operating mode, the MCU performs routine management operations through the BMS;

[0091] In debug mode (JTAG), the MCU performs debug operations on the BMS;

[0092] In programming mode (SWD), the MCU performs the ICP mode programming function to update the BMS control program.

[0093] Both debug mode and burning mode are automatically activated via the ##CLK signal, requiring no additional switch control.

[0094] Functional description of this BMS diagnostic tool:

[0095] 1. The diagnostic process of BMS is as follows:

[0096] Diagnostic Request: The diagnostic interface JP1 is connected to the BMS port being diagnosed. When no host computer is connected, the communication request path is: diagnostic request is sent from the touch screen's TK_TX → pin 2 of U3 → pin 4 of U3 → pin 4 of U4 → pin 2 of U4 → diagnostic interface ##RX → pin 1 of JP1 terminal → RX port of BMS (the path for the diagnostic device to send other commands to the BMS is the same as the path for sending the diagnostic request, such as clearing faults, setting relevant parameters of the BMS, etc.).

[0097] When the BMS parses the protocol, it replies to the BMS diagnostic tool to agree to the diagnostic request and simultaneously uploads real-time data to the BMS diagnostic tool. The upload path is as follows: BMS's TX sends the diagnostic request and uploads real-time data → pin 3 of JP1 terminal → diagnostic tool interface ##TX → pin 2 of U4 → pin 6 of U4 → pin 6 of U3 → pin 8 of U3 → TK_RX of the touch screen. The touch screen displays the BMS's real-time data.

[0098] 2. Switching between serial communication protocol and RS-485 communication protocol:

[0099] This BMS diagnostic tool can automatically switch communication protocols based on the configured BMS model, or select a communication interface such as a TTL-level UART interface or a 485 interface through the communication type interface to communicate with the BMS. This is specifically achieved through U4. When the selection control terminal IN of U4 is set to 0, the TTL-level UART interface is selected; when it is set to 1, the 485 interface is selected.

[0100] 3. Automatic switching between touchscreen and host computer modes:

[0101] When the USB is plugged in, the strobe control terminal IN of U3 is set to 1, and the diagnostic tool automatically switches to the host computer display. When the USB is unplugged, the strobe control terminal IN of U3 is set to 0, and the diagnostic tool automatically switches back to the touch screen display.

[0102] 4. Program burning function:

[0103] When the diagnostic interface is connected to the BMS (Browser Management System) of the program to be programmed, the MCU's programming interface (including the reset signal TT_NRST, clock signal TT_JTCK, and bidirectional data signal SWDIO) is connected to the programming interface of the target programming chip on the BMS through U2. At this time, U2 is not activated.

[0104] When there is a programming requirement, the host computer sends a programming command to the MCU of the diagnostic tool. The clock signal TT_JTCK in the MCU debugging and programming interface outputs a high level, enabling (activating) U2, and the programming circuit is turned on. The MCU automatically writes the program to be programmed into the target programming chip of the BMS.

[0105] This method can automatically shut down U2 after the program is burned, preventing accidental operation, ensuring data security, and reducing the power consumption of U2.

[0106] like Figure 3 and Figure 10 As shown, the power supply module of this utility model includes:

[0107] The charging management circuit includes a charging management chip U7. Its input terminal is connected to the power pin USB1 of the USB interface and the independent power interface VDC, while its output terminal JP3 is connected to the rechargeable battery to charge it. The charging management chip U7 can switch between constant current charging mode and constant voltage charging mode based on the voltage and temperature of the rechargeable battery.

[0108] The low-dropout linear regulator U1 connects its input to the power pin USB1 of the USB interface, further converting the 5V voltage into a 3.3V power supply (+3V3_ST_LINK) to power the MCU. For example... Figure 3 As shown.

[0109] The low-dropout linear regulator U6 connects its input terminals to the power pin USB1 of the USB interface and the positive terminal VBT of the rechargeable battery via diodes D3 and D4, further converting the input voltage into a 3.3V power supply U3V3 to power the communication switching module, display switching module, and debugging, burning, and activation module.

[0110] This utility model's BMS diagnostic tool integrates multiple communication interfaces. Through its built-in communication switching circuit and display switching circuit, it can complete multiple functions such as program burning, touch screen display diagnosis, and host computer interaction without manual intervention in the communication link, greatly improving diagnostic efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

[0111] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims, and all such changes shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional BMS diagnostic device, characterized in that, include: MCU, communication switching module, display switching module, debugging, programming and activation module, power supply module and peripheral interfaces; The peripheral interfaces include: a USB interface, a touch screen interface, a 485 interface, and a diagnostic interface; The communication switching module includes a first multi-channel analog switch, configured as follows: Its selection control terminal is connected to the GPIO interface of the MCU; Its enable control terminal is grounded through a resistor; Its normally closed channel is connected to the UART interface of the diagnostic tool; Its normally open channel is connected to the UART interface of the 485 interface; The display switching module includes a second multi-channel analog switch, configured as follows: Its selection control terminal is connected to the power supply of the USB interface; Its enable control terminal is pulled up and grounded through the first semiconductor switch; Its normally closed channel is connected to the UART interface of the touch screen interface; Its normally open channel is connected to the UART interface of the MCU; The first semiconductor switch is turned on when there is power from the battery or the USB interface, and grounds the enable control terminal. The communication switching module and the display switching module are interconnected via a common channel for signal relay. The debugging, programming, and activation module includes a third multi-channel analog switch, configured as follows: Its selection control terminal is grounded through a resistor; Its enable control terminal is pulled up by a resistor and grounded through a second semiconductor switch; Its normally closed channel is connected to the reset signal ##RST, clock signal ##CLK, and bidirectional data signal ##DIO of the debug interface of the diagnostic tool interface; Its normally open passage is suspended in the air; Its common channel is connected to the reset signal TT_RST, clock signal TT_JTCK and bidirectional data signal JTMS of the MCU's debug interface; The control terminal of the second semiconductor switch is connected to the clock signal TT_JTCK via a diode and grounded via a parallel RC circuit; when the clock signal TT_JTCK is high, the second semiconductor switch closes, pulling the enable control terminal down to ground. The power supply module is electrically connected to the MCU, communication switching module, display switching module, and debugging, programming, and activation module to provide power.

2. The multi-functional BMS diagnostic of claim 1, wherein, The first multi-channel analog switch uses a dual-channel two-to-one analog switch chip.

3. The multi-functional BMS diagnostic of claim 1, wherein, The second multi-channel analog switch uses a dual-channel two-to-one analog switch chip; the first semiconductor switch is an NMOS transistor or an NPN transistor.

4. The multi-functional BMS diagnostic of claim 1, wherein, The third multi-channel analog switch uses a dual-channel four-to-one analog switch chip; the second semiconductor switch is an NMOS transistor or an NPN transistor.

5. The multi-functional BMS diagnostic of claim 1, wherein, The MCU debugging interface includes JTAG mode and SWD mode.

6. The multi-functional BMS diagnostic of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a barcode scanner interface for communication between the barcode scanner and the MCU.

7. The multifunctional BMS diagnostic tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module includes: The charging management circuit has its input terminal connected to the power pin of the USB interface and an independent power interface via Schottky diodes, and its output terminal connected to the rechargeable battery. The charging management circuit includes a charging management chip for switching between constant current charging mode and constant voltage charging mode according to the voltage and temperature of the rechargeable battery. The first low-dropout linear regulator has its input connected to the power pin of the USB interface to further convert the 5V voltage to 3.3V to power the MCU. The second low-dropout linear regulator has its input terminals connected to the power pin of the USB interface and the positive terminal of the rechargeable battery via two diodes, respectively, to further convert the input voltage to 3.3V, thereby powering the communication switching module, display switching module, and debugging, burning, and activation module.

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