Double-layer jacket type enamel reaction kettle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-layer jacket type enamel reaction kettle, which comprises a kettle body, a double-layer jacket structure, a stirring main shaft and a detachable sealing cover, the double-layer jacket structure consists of a split type spiral jacket and an annular jacket, the spiral jacket is nested in the annular jacket, the stirring main shaft rotationally penetrates to the central position in the kettle body, and the detachable sealing cover is arranged on the stirring main shaft. According to the reaction kettle disclosed by the utility model, the annular heat-conducting aluminum plate is embedded into the bottom end of the kettle body, and the heat-conducting aluminum rod penetrating into the kettle body is arranged, so that a three-dimensional heat-conducting channel from inside to outside is constructed. The heat conduction aluminum rod directly conducts a jacket heat source to the central area of the kettle body, so that a heat conduction path is shortened, poor temperature difference of edge overheating and central low temperature is avoided, the device is particularly suitable for high-viscosity materials or a rapid heating process, the heating uniformity and efficiency are remarkably improved, and the risk of material coking is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of enamel-lined reactors, specifically relating to a double-layered jacketed enamel-lined reactor. Background Technology

[0002] In chemical, pharmaceutical, and other reaction processes requiring precise temperature control, the heating efficiency and temperature uniformity of double-jacketed enamel-lined reactors directly affect reaction quality and production efficiency. However, existing reactor bottom heating structures generally suffer from low heat transfer efficiency and uneven temperature distribution.

[0003] Traditional reactors primarily rely on external heating through the jacket layer. Heat must be slowly conducted to the internal materials through the reactor wall, especially in the central area at the bottom of the reactor. Because this area is far from the heat source in the jacket and has a long heat conduction path, heating lag and significant temperature gradients often occur. For high-viscosity reactants or processes requiring rapid heating, this external conduction heating method easily leads to slow heating in the central area at the bottom, while the temperature in the edge area near the jacket is too high, creating an undesirable temperature difference of "overheated edges and low temperature center." This not only affects the uniformity of the reaction but may also cause local side reactions or coking problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a double-layered jacketed enamel-lined reactor to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor, comprising a reactor body, a double-jacketed structure, a stirring shaft, and a detachable sealing cover.

[0006] The double-layer jacket structure consists of a split spiral jacket and an annular jacket. The spiral jacket is nested inside the annular jacket. The stirring main shaft rotates through to the center of the inside of the vessel. The stirring main shaft is equipped with a stirring rod with a U-shaped frame structure for stirring the raw materials and scraping the inner wall of the vessel.

[0007] A heat-conducting aluminum plate is embedded at the bottom of the vessel body to conduct heat to the vessel body, and heat-conducting aluminum rods are evenly arranged around the upper part of the heat-conducting aluminum plate to penetrate into the interior of the vessel body and rapidly heat the reaction raw materials from the inside out.

[0008] Preferably, the spiral jacket is equipped with a temperature gradient sensor, and the outer wall of the annular jacket is integrated with a pressure compensation component. Both ends of the spiral jacket extend through and to the outside of the annular jacket, and are equipped with a circulating fluid connector A. The temperature gradient sensor monitors the temperature distribution of the jacket layer in real time, and works with the pressure compensation component to dynamically adjust the pressure of the medium inside the jacket, compensate for the deformation stress caused by the temperature difference, avoid structural damage to the jacket due to thermal expansion and contraction, and ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0009] Preferably, circulating liquid connectors B are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the annular jacket. Pneumatic valves are installed on both the circulating liquid connectors A and B. The flow direction and flow rate of the circulating liquid in the spiral jacket and the annular jacket are precisely controlled by the pneumatic valves. Combined with the split jacket structure, differentiated temperature control in different areas can be achieved, further optimizing the temperature uniformity of the vessel.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure compensation component has a built-in piezoelectric ceramic actuator and a micro hydraulic cylinder to adjust the pressure of the medium inside the jacket in real time, compensate for the deformation stress caused by temperature difference, and utilize the high-precision response characteristics of piezoelectric ceramic and the dynamic adjustment capability of micro hydraulic cylinder to balance the pressure difference inside and outside the jacket in real time, prevent the risk of jacket cracking or leakage caused by drastic temperature changes, and improve equipment safety.

[0011] Preferably, the annular jacket is equipped with a controller with a built-in PLC chip. The pneumatic valve, temperature gradient sensor and pressure compensation component are all electrically connected to the controller. An intelligent control system is built through the PLC chip. Based on the temperature gradient sensor data, the opening degree of the pneumatic valve and the working state of the pressure compensation component are automatically adjusted to achieve closed-loop control of the jacket temperature and pressure, reduce the cost of manual intervention and improve the temperature control accuracy.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom end of the stirring rod is bent upward and extended to form an auxiliary stirring rod. Reinforcing rods are provided at equal intervals between the inner side of the auxiliary stirring rod and the inner side of the stirring rod. The outer side of the stirring rod is in contact with the inner wall of the vessel. The U-shaped stirring rod scrapes the material against the inner wall of the vessel. The bending auxiliary stirring rod expands the stirring range, effectively breaking the material adhesion to the inner wall and eliminating stirring dead corners. The reinforcing rods enhance the structural rigidity, ensuring the stability of high-viscosity materials during stirring and improving the mixing uniformity.

[0013] Preferably, the stirring shaft is uniformly provided with a central stirring rod that stirs inside the heat-conducting aluminum rod, and the bottom end of the stirring shaft is provided with a spiral shaft that extends to the end of the vessel body and has a built-in discharge pipe to assist in material feeding. The upper end of the stirring shaft extends through to the outside of the upper end of the detachable sealing cover and is connected to a servo motor. The central stirring rod enhances material flow in the area of ​​the heat-conducting aluminum rod and promotes full exchange of heat and material. The spiral shaft assists in material feeding through the discharge pipe to avoid high-viscosity materials from stagnating and clogging. The servo motor provides precise speed control to adapt to the stirring requirements of different reaction processes.

[0014] Preferably, the annular jacket is provided with a pressure relief pipe with a pressure relief valve on one side of its end. The heat-conducting aluminum plate is annular in structure and embedded outside the bottom of the vessel body and located inside the annular jacket. It conducts the internal temperature to the center of the vessel body, directly transferring the heat source of the jacket through the bottom of the vessel body to the internal center area, shortening the heat conduction path, solving the temperature difference problem of "overheating at the edge and low temperature at the center" in traditional heating, and realizing rapid and uniform heating from the inside out.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor constructs a three-dimensional heat conduction channel "from the inside out" by embedding an annular heat-conducting aluminum plate at the bottom of the reactor body and configuring heat-conducting aluminum rods that extend into the interior. The heat-conducting aluminum rods directly conduct the heat source of the jacket to the central area of ​​the reactor body, shortening the heat conduction path and avoiding the undesirable temperature difference between the edges and the center. It is especially suitable for high-viscosity materials or rapid heating processes, significantly improving heating uniformity and efficiency, and reducing the risk of material coking.

[0017] Employing a double-layer structure with a split spiral jacket nested within a ring jacket, combined with a temperature gradient sensor, pneumatic valves, and a PLC controller, this system can monitor the temperature distribution within the jacket layer in real time and dynamically adjust the flow direction and volume of the circulating fluid, achieving differentiated temperature control in different areas. The pressure compensation component incorporates a piezoelectric ceramic actuator and a miniature hydraulic cylinder to balance the deformation stress caused by temperature differences in real time, preventing structural damage to the jacket and ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment while elevating temperature control accuracy to industrial-grade levels.

[0018] The U-shaped stirring rod fits snugly against the inner wall of the vessel to scrape away material. Combined with the bent auxiliary stirring rod and reinforcing rod, this expands the stirring range and enhances structural rigidity, effectively eliminating material adhesion to the inner wall and eliminating dead zones for high-viscosity materials. The central stirring rod in the heat-conducting aluminum rod area strengthens material flow, promoting thorough heat exchange with the material, solving the problem of insufficient mixing in traditional stirring devices, and significantly improving reaction uniformity and material turnover efficiency.

[0019] The annular jacket configuration, with its pressure relief pipe and pressure compensation components, forms a dual safety mechanism. The former rapidly relieves pressure when the medium pressure is abnormal, while the latter compensates for temperature stress through dynamic pressure regulation, preventing the jacket from cracking or leaking. Combined with servo motors for precise control of stirring speed and screw shafts for assisted feeding, the equipment not only meets the automation requirements of complex processes but also enhances safety from both structural and control perspectives, reducing the risk of manual intervention and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front internal view of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the external front view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front view of the stirring spindle of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a top view of the thermally conductive aluminum plate of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Vessel body; 2. Double-layer jacket structure; 3. Stirring main shaft; 4. Removable and detachable sealing cover; 5. Spiral jacket; 6. Annular jacket; 7. Temperature gradient sensor; 8. Pressure compensation component; 9. Stirring rod; 10. Heat-conducting aluminum plate; 11. Heat-conducting aluminum rod; 12. Circulating liquid connector A; 13. Circulating liquid connector B; 14. Pneumatic valve; 15. Controller; 16. Auxiliary stirring rod; 17. Reinforcing rod; 18. Central stirring rod; 19. Spiral shaft; 20. Servo motor; 21. Pressure relief pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution for a double-layer jacketed enamel-lined reactor, including a reactor body 1, a double-layer jacket structure 2, a stirring shaft 3, and a detachable sealing cover 4. The double-layer jacket structure 2 is composed of a split spiral jacket 5 and an annular jacket 6. The spiral jacket 5 is nested inside the annular jacket 6. The stirring shaft 3 rotates and penetrates to the center of the reactor body 1. The stirring shaft 3 is equipped with a stirring rod 9 with a U-shaped frame structure for stirring the raw materials and scraping the inner wall of the reactor body 1. A heat-conducting aluminum plate 10 is embedded at the bottom of the reactor body 1 to conduct heat to the reactor body 1. The upper end of the heat-conducting aluminum plate 10 is evenly provided with heat-conducting aluminum rods 11 that penetrate into the interior of the reactor body 1 to rapidly heat the reaction raw materials from the inside out.

[0027] The spiral jacket 5 adopts a spiral coil structure with a spiral helix angle designed to be 30°-45°, which allows the circulating medium to form turbulent flow within the jacket, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency. Temperature gradient sensors 7 are installed on the spiral jacket 5, with 3-5 groups equidistantly arranged along the jacket axis to monitor the temperature distribution at different heights of the jacket in real time, providing accurate temperature data to the controller 15. A pressure compensation component 8 is integrated into the outer wall of the annular jacket 6, and its internal space communicates with the outer area of ​​the spiral jacket 5, forming a pressure balance cavity within the double-layer jacket.

[0028] Both ends of the spiral jacket 5 extend through and to the outside of the annular jacket 6, and are equipped with circulating fluid connectors A12. These connectors adopt a quick-release flange structure, facilitating the rapid installation and disassembly of the circulation pipeline. Circulating fluid connectors B13 are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the annular jacket 6. Pneumatic valves 14 are installed on both circulating fluid connectors A12 and B13. The valve opening response time is ≤0.5 seconds, enabling rapid on / off control of the circulating medium.

[0029] The pressure compensation component 8 integrates a piezoelectric ceramic actuator and a miniature hydraulic cylinder. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator can generate micro-displacement according to the instructions of the controller 15, driving the piston movement of the miniature hydraulic cylinder to adjust the pressure of the medium inside the jacket in real time, compensating for deformation stress caused by temperature difference, and ensuring the stability of the jacket structure within a temperature range of -20℃ to 200℃. The annular jacket 6 is externally equipped with a controller 15 with a built-in PLC chip. This controller integrates a PID temperature control algorithm and a pressure adaptive adjustment program. The pneumatic valve 14, temperature gradient sensor 7, and pressure compensation component 8 are all electrically connected to the controller 15, forming a closed-loop control circuit.

[0030] The bottom end of the stirring rod 9 is bent upwards and extended to form an auxiliary stirring rod 16, creating a V-shaped stirring structure with an included angle of 120°. Reinforcing rods 17 are equidistantly spaced between the inner side of the auxiliary stirring rod 16 and the inner side of the stirring rod 9 to enhance the structural strength of the stirring assembly. Furthermore, the outer surface of the stirring rod 9 is flush with the inner wall of the vessel body 1, with a contact gap controlled at 0.5-1mm, effectively scraping away material adhering to the inner wall of the vessel body and preventing residue in dead corners.

[0031] A central stirring rod 18 is evenly arranged on the stirring shaft 3, stirring inside the heat-conducting aluminum rod 11. The central stirring rod 18 and the heat-conducting aluminum rod 11 are staggered to form a three-dimensional stirring flow field. Furthermore, a spiral shaft 19 is provided at the bottom of the stirring shaft 3, extending to the end of the vessel body 1 and equipped with a discharge pipe for auxiliary material feeding. The pitch of the spiral shaft 19 gradually decreases along the discharge direction, which can generate a pushing and pressurizing effect on the discharge process. A servo motor 20 is connected to the upper end of the stirring shaft 3, extending to the outside of the upper end of the detachable sealing cover 4. This servo motor supports stepless speed regulation from 0-150 rpm, with a speed control accuracy of ±0.5%.

[0032] A pressure relief pipe 21 with a pressure relief valve is provided on one side of the end of the annular jacket 6 to relieve pressure inside the annular jacket 6. The pressure relief valve opening pressure threshold is set to 1.1 times the working pressure to ensure safe operation of the equipment. The heat-conducting aluminum plate 10 is annular in structure and embedded outside the bottom of the vessel body 1 and located inside the annular jacket 6. Its thickness is 8-12mm and its thermal conductivity is ≥200W / (m·K). It can efficiently conduct the internal temperature of the annular jacket 6 to the center of the vessel body 1. Together with the heat-conducting aluminum rod 11, it forms a radiant heating system from the inside out, so that the temperature uniformity error inside the vessel is ≤±2℃.

[0033] Specifically, in use, the double-layer jacket structure is the core for temperature control. The spiral jacket 5 carries the heating or cooling medium, and its special spiral coil structure (helix angle 30°-45°) promotes turbulence, greatly enhancing heat exchange efficiency. The annular jacket 6, as the outer cavity, connects to the outer area of ​​the spiral jacket, forming a pressure-balanced cavity. A heat-conducting aluminum plate 10 (8-12mm thick, thermal conductivity ≥200W / (m·K)) embedded at the bottom of the vessel body 1 conducts the temperature of the annular jacket 6 to the bottom of the vessel body 1. Combined with the heat-conducting aluminum rod 11, rapid and uniform radiant heating is achieved from the inside out of the vessel body. Simultaneously, temperature gradient sensors 7 (3-5 sets axially equidistantly arranged) on the spiral jacket 5 monitor temperature data at different heights of the jacket in real time and transmit it to the PLC controller 15 outside the annular jacket 6. The controller 15 uses a PID temperature control algorithm based on a preset temperature threshold to automatically adjust the pneumatic valves 14 on the circulating liquid connectors A12 and B13 (opening response time ≤ 0.5 seconds) to control the flow rate and direction of the medium, ensuring that the temperature uniformity error inside the reactor is controlled within ≤ ±2℃.

[0034] For efficient material mixing, the U-shaped frame stirring rod 9 on the stirring main shaft 3 has its outer side tightly fitted to the inner wall of the vessel (gap 0.5-1mm). When the main shaft rotates, it effectively scrapes away material adhering to the vessel wall, preventing material residue from forming dead zones. The auxiliary stirring rod 16, bent upwards at the bottom of the stirring rod 9, forms a 120° V-shaped structure with the stirring rod 9 and is connected by evenly spaced reinforcing rods 17, enhancing the stirring intensity and expanding the stirring range. The central stirring rod 18 is located inside the heat-conducting aluminum rod 11, interspersed with it. When the stirring main shaft 3 rotates, it forms a three-dimensional stirring flow field, ensuring uniform mixing of materials during heating. During the discharge stage, the spiral shaft 19, extending from the bottom of the stirring main shaft 3 into the vessel's discharge pipe, plays a crucial role. Its pitch gradually decreases along the discharge direction, pushing and pressurizing the material during rotation, preventing viscous material from stagnating and significantly improving discharge efficiency. In addition, the servo motor 20 supports stepless speed regulation from 0 to 150 rpm (accuracy ±0.5%), and can flexibly adjust the stirring speed according to different reaction stages, such as polymerization, dissolution and other process requirements.

[0035] In terms of pressure management, the pressure compensation component 8 integrated into the outer wall of the annular jacket 6 plays a crucial role. Its internal piezoelectric ceramic actuator and micro hydraulic cylinder work together to monitor and adjust the internal medium pressure in real time. When temperature changes cause thermal expansion and contraction of the jacket material, the pressure compensation component 8 automatically adjusts the cavity volume to balance the internal and external pressure difference, effectively preventing jacket cracking or leakage due to excessive deformation stress, thus ensuring safe operation of the equipment under high-pressure conditions. Simultaneously, a pressure relief pipe 21 located on one side of the annular jacket 6 is equipped with a pressure relief valve, whose opening pressure threshold is set to 1.1 times the working pressure. Once the internal pressure of the jacket exceeds the safety limit, the pressure relief valve automatically opens to release redundant pressure. Combined with the real-time monitoring of the controller 15, this establishes a dual safety protection mechanism to prevent safety accidents caused by overpressure operation.

[0036] The specific operating procedure of a double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor is as follows:

[0037] Pretreatment stage: The operator puts the reaction material into the vessel body 1 by removing and installing the sealing cover 4. At this time, the servo motor 20 drives the stirring shaft 3 to run at low speed to perform preliminary mixing of the material and prepare for the subsequent reaction.

[0038] Heating / Cooling Stage: According to preset process parameters, the controller 15 determines the direction of the circulating medium flow to the spiral jacket 5 or the annular jacket 6 by controlling the pneumatic valve 14. The temperature gradient sensor 7 provides real-time temperature data, and the controller 15 adjusts the medium flow rate and temperature accordingly. With the help of the coordinated conduction of the heat-conducting aluminum plate 10 and the heat-conducting aluminum rod 11, the rapid heating / cooling of the reactants is achieved.

[0039] Reaction stage: Stirring rod 9 and central stirring rod 18 rotate at high speed driven by servo motor 20, and together with the pushing action of spiral shaft 19, ensure that the material reacts uniformly in the reactor. At the same time, pressure compensation component 8 dynamically adjusts the jacket pressure to maintain stable system operation.

[0040] Discharge stage: Reduce the stirring speed and accelerate the rotation of the screw shaft 19. Utilize its special pitch design to smoothly push the material to the discharge pipe for discharge, thus completing the entire reaction process.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor, comprising a reactor body (1), a double-jacketed structure (2), a stirring shaft (3), and a removable sealing cover (4) disposed on the reactor body (1), characterized in that: The double-layer jacket structure (2) consists of a split spiral jacket (5) and an annular jacket (6). The spiral jacket (5) is nested inside the annular jacket (6). The stirring spindle (3) rotates through to the center of the inside of the vessel body (1). The stirring spindle (3) is equipped with a stirring rod (9) with a U-shaped frame structure for stirring raw materials and scraping and cleaning the inner wall of the vessel body (1). The bottom of the vessel body (1) is embedded with a heat-conducting aluminum plate (10) for conducting heat to the vessel body (1), and the upper end of the heat-conducting aluminum plate (10) is uniformly provided with heat-conducting aluminum rods (11) that penetrate into the interior of the vessel body (1) to rapidly heat the reaction raw materials from the inside out.

2. The double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral jacket (5) is equipped with a temperature gradient sensor (7), and the outer wall of the annular jacket (6) is integrated with a pressure compensation component (8). Both ends of the spiral jacket (5) extend through and to the outside of the annular jacket (6), and are equipped with a circulating fluid connector A (12).

3. The double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the annular jacket (6) are fixedly connected to a circulating fluid connector B (13), and both the circulating fluid connector A (12) and the circulating fluid connector B (13) are equipped with pneumatic valves (14).

4. The double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure compensation component (8) has a built-in piezoelectric ceramic actuator and a micro hydraulic cylinder to adjust the pressure of the medium in the jacket in real time and compensate for the deformation stress caused by temperature difference.

5. A double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annular jacket (6) is equipped with a controller (15) with a built-in PLC chip. The pneumatic valve (14), temperature gradient sensor (7) and pressure compensation component (8) are all electrically connected to the controller (15).

6. The double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the stirring rod (9) is bent upward and extended to provide a stirring auxiliary rod (16). The inner side of the stirring auxiliary rod (16) and the inner side of the stirring rod (9) are provided with reinforcing rods (17) at equal intervals. The outer side of the stirring rod (9) is in contact with the inner wall of the vessel body (1).

7. A double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring shaft (3) is uniformly provided with a central stirring rod (18) that stirs inside the heat-conducting aluminum rod (11), and the bottom end of the stirring shaft (3) is provided with a spiral shaft (19) that extends to the end of the vessel body (1) and has its own discharge pipe for auxiliary material feeding. The upper end of the stirring shaft (3) extends through to the outside of the upper end of the disassembly and assembly sealing cover (4) and is connected to a servo motor (20).

8. A double-jacketed enamel-lined reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular jacket (6) has a pressure relief pipe (21) with a pressure relief valve on one side of its end. The heat-conducting aluminum plate (10) is annular in structure and is embedded outside the bottom of the vessel body (1) and located inside the annular jacket (6) to conduct its internal temperature to the center of the vessel body (1).

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