Crankshaft processing machine tool
By using an integrally cast bed assembly and a modular mounting boss design, the problems of low machining accuracy and efficiency of multi-eccentric crankshafts are solved, achieving high rigidity and vibration resistance, and improving machining accuracy and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WENLING HUAZHONG CNC MASCH TOOL CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies suffer from low machining accuracy and low efficiency when machining crankshafts with multi-eccentric structures. In particular, the arc angle error caused by tool runout error in the cantilever state, as well as the need to repeatedly adjust the fixture angle between processes, result in low machining efficiency.
The bed assembly is made of one piece by casting, combined with an inclined bed surface and modular mounting boss design, which provides high rigidity and vibration resistance. Through the dual Z-axis drive cooperation of the large pallet and tailstock assembly, the workpiece clamping center is aligned with the spindle axis, reducing radial runout and improving machining accuracy and efficiency.
Through the integral cast iron structure and modular design, the machining accuracy and efficiency are improved, cutting vibration and surface roughness are reduced, the stability and high rigidity of the machine tool are ensured, it can adapt to uneven cutting forces, and the machining efficiency is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN224168830U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of machine tool technology, and specifically refers to a crankshaft processing machine tool. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing power density of automotive and motorcycle engines and the accelerated trend towards miniaturization of air compressors, the application of multi-eccentric crankshafts has exceeded 65% of the industry's total. Current manufacturing processes utilize Y-axis milling and turning composite machines with ER spring collet toolholder systems. The straight shank end mill, using an ER spring collet, is in a cantilevered state during Y-axis machining. The tool runout error caused by the overhang results in a rounded corner at the eccentric part. Furthermore, each eccentric structure requires individual clamping, and the clamping angle needs repeated adjustments between processes. Taking a triple-eccentric crankshaft as an example, the traditional process requires 12 processes and 6 re-clamping operations, leading to fragmented processes and low machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a machine tool for machining crankshafts. The technical problems this invention aims to solve are machining accuracy and efficiency.
[0004] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: A crankshaft machining tool, comprising a bed assembly, wherein the bed assembly is integrally cast, and the bed assembly has three mounting bosses protruding and parallel to the inclined bed surface and the vertically inclined bed surface. A Z-axis linear guide is fixedly connected to the mounting boss, and a large support plate assembly is slidably connected to the Z-axis linear guide. A tailstock linear guide is fixedly connected to the mounting boss, and a tailstock assembly is slidably connected to the tailstock linear guide. An electric motor is fixedly connected to the mounting boss. The shaft assembly and large pallet assembly include a large pallet component, on which a pair of X-axis linear guides, a pallet fixing seat, and a pallet motor seat are fixedly mounted. The pallet fixing seat and pallet motor seat are located between the pair of X-axis linear guides. A pallet motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the pallet motor seat. One end of the pallet motor is connected to a small pallet screw, which is rotatably fixed within the pallet fixing seat and pallet motor seat. A power head pallet assembly, including a small pallet, is slidably mounted on the X-axis linear guides. A milling cutter assembly is fixedly connected to the small pallet. The bed is integrally cast to ensure high rigidity and vibration resistance, adapting to heavy cutting conditions. The integral casting of the bed assembly eliminates splicing seams, avoids stress concentration, and evenly distributes loads through optimized geometry (such as reinforcing ribs and curved transitions), improving bending / torsional stiffness. It is particularly suitable for uneven cutting forces in crankshaft machining. The internal structure of the cast iron has natural damping characteristics, which can absorb cutting vibrations, reduce machining chatter, and reduce surface roughness. The inclined bed design, combined with cast iron damping, allows chips to slide off due to gravity, preventing accumulation and interference with machining. It also reduces coupled vibrations between the machine tool, chips, and coolant, improving stability. The inclination angle is typically 15°~30°. Simultaneously, parallel mounting bosses one, two, and three provide modular mounting references. Mounting boss one fixes the Z-axis linear guide, supports the large support plate assembly, and enables Z-axis movement. Mounting boss two mounts the tailstock linear guide, driving the tailstock assembly to adjust synchronously along the Z-axis to adapt to the workpiece length. Mounting boss three, through a slot, fixes the electric spindle assembly, ensuring spindle stability and allowing it to directly participate in cutting, improving machining accuracy and efficiency.
[0005] Furthermore, the large pallet component is integrally formed with a mounting base plate. The mounting base plate has symmetrical X-axis mounting plates protruding upwards. Between the two X-axis mounting plates is a lead screw mounting groove, within which a pallet fixing seat is fixedly connected. A pallet motor seat is fixedly connected to the outside of the lead screw mounting groove. The pallet fixing seat and the pallet motor seat are coaxially arranged. An X-axis linear guide is fixed to the upper end of the X-axis mounting plates. A Z-axis mounting groove is recessed on the side of the mounting base plate opposite to the X-axis mounting plates. A Z-axis slider is fixedly connected within the Z-axis mounting groove, and the Z-axis slider and the Z-axis linear guide slide in cooperation. There are four Z-axis mounting grooves. A Z-axis lead screw sleeve groove is formed on one side of the mounting base plate located within the Z-axis mounting groove, and a Z-axis lead screw sleeve seat is fixedly connected within the Z-axis lead screw sleeve groove. The mounting base plate integrates a Z-axis slider, which slides in cooperation with the bed's Z-axis linear guide, enhancing load capacity. A pair of X-axis linear guides support the X-axis movement of the power head pallet assembly. The small pallet lead screw is driven by a pallet motor, achieving precision transmission through the pallet fixing seat and the pallet motor seat.
[0006] Furthermore, the mounting base plate has several ribs protruding from one side of the Z-direction mounting groove. These ribs on the Z-direction mounting groove side of the mounting base plate enhance torsional rigidity.
[0007] Furthermore, the small pallet is integrally formed with an X-direction mounting groove and an X-direction screw sleeve groove. An X-direction slider is fixedly connected in the X-direction mounting groove and slides with the X-direction linear guide. An X-direction screw sleeve seat is fixedly connected in the X-direction screw sleeve groove and threadedly engages with the screw of the small pallet.
[0008] Furthermore, the mounting boss has a pair, and the pair of mounting bosses are fixedly connected to the Z-direction screw fixing seat and the Z-direction motor fixing seat. The Z-direction screw fixing seat and the Z-direction motor fixing seat rotatably fix the Z-direction large support plate screw, and the Z-direction large support plate screw is threadedly driven into the Z-direction screw sleeve.
[0009] Furthermore, the second mounting boss has a pair, and a Z-axis tailstock fixing seat and a Z-axis tailstock motor seat are fixedly connected between the pair of mounting bosses. A Z-axis tailstock lead screw is rotatably fixed within the Z-axis tailstock fixing seat and the Z-axis tailstock motor seat. The tailstock assembly includes a tailstock support plate, with a tailstock lead screw sleeve groove formed in the middle of the lower end of the tailstock support plate. A tailstock lead screw sleeve is fixedly connected within the tailstock lead screw sleeve groove, and the tailstock lead screw sleeve engages with the Z-axis tailstock lead screw via threaded transmission. The tailstock and the large support plate share the Z-axis movement logic, ensuring that the workpiece clamping center is aligned with the spindle axis.
[0010] Furthermore, the tailstock assembly also includes a tailstock frame, which has a fixing part that is perpendicular to the inclined bed surface and a mounting part that is perpendicular to the ground. The fixing part is fixedly connected to the tailstock support plate, and a pin is fixed to the top of the mounting part.
[0011] Furthermore, the upper end of the mounting boss three has a slot, and the lower end of the electric spindle assembly is engaged in the slot.
[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the technical advantages of this utility model are as follows: 1. The bed assembly adopts an integral cast iron structure, optimizing the geometry of the bed assembly and possessing high overall rigidity, strength, surface wear resistance, and vibration resistance. 2. Through the dual Z-axis drive of the large pallet assembly and tailstock assembly, combined with the tailstock assembly's adaptive compensation system, the radial runout at both ends of the long crankshaft workpiece is reduced. The structure of the large and small pallets makes them lighter and more rigid, thereby improving motion accuracy and stability. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional drawing of the bed frame of this utility model.
[0014] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention excluding the bed assembly.
[0015] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional drawing of the large pallet assembly of this utility model.
[0016] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional drawing of the power head support plate of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the utility model.
[0018] Drawing number markings: 1. Bed assembly; 101. Inclined bed surface; 102. Mounting boss one; 103. Mounting boss two; 104. Mounting boss three; 1041. Slot; 105. Z-axis linear guide; 106. Tailstock linear guide; 107. Z-axis lead screw fixing seat; 108. Z-axis motor fixing seat; 109. Z-axis large support plate lead screw; 110. Z-axis tailstock fixing seat; 111. Z-axis tailstock motor seat; 112. Z-axis tailstock lead screw; 2. Large support plate assembly; 201. Large support plate component; 2011. Mounting base plate; 2012. X-axis mounting plate; 2013. Lead screw mounting groove; 2014. Z-axis mounting groove; 2015. Z-axis lead screw sleeve groove; 2016, Rib; 202, X-axis linear guide; 203, Pallet fixing seat; 204, Pallet motor seat; 205, Pallet motor; 206, Small pallet lead screw; 207, Z-axis slider; 208, Z-axis lead screw sleeve; 3, Tailstock assembly; 301, Tailstock pallet; 3011, Tailstock lead screw sleeve groove; 302, Tailstock lead screw sleeve; 303, Tailstock frame; 3031, Fixing part; 3032, Mounting part; 3033, Ejector pin; 4, Electric spindle assembly; 5, Power head pallet assembly; 51, Small pallet; 511, X-axis mounting groove; 512, X-axis lead screw sleeve groove; 52, Milling cutter assembly; 53, X-axis slider; 54, X-axis lead screw sleeve. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
[0020] It should be noted that the descriptions of "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc. in this utility model are defined based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0021] according to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a crankshaft machining tool includes a bed assembly 1, which is integrally cast. The bed assembly 1 has an inclined bed surface 101 and three parallel mounting bosses protruding from and parallel to the vertically inclined bed surface 101: a first mounting boss 102, a second mounting boss 103, and a third mounting boss 104. A Z-axis linear guide 105 is fixedly connected to the first mounting boss 102, and a large support plate assembly 2 is slidably connected to the Z-axis linear guide 105. A tailstock linear guide 106 is fixedly connected to the second mounting boss 103, and a tailstock assembly 3 is slidably connected to the tailstock linear guide 106. An electric spindle assembly 4 is fixedly connected to the third mounting boss 104.
[0022] There is a pair of mounting bosses 102. The pair of mounting bosses 102 are fixedly connected to the Z-direction screw fixing seat 107 and the Z-direction motor fixing seat 108. The Z-direction screw fixing seat 107 and the Z-direction motor fixing seat 108 are rotatably fixed to the Z-direction large support plate screw 109.
[0023] There is a pair of mounting bosses 103. The pair of mounting bosses 103 are fixedly connected to the Z-direction tailstock fixing seat 110 and the Z-direction tailstock motor seat 111. The Z-direction tailstock screw 112 is rotatably fixed inside the Z-direction tailstock fixing seat 110 and the Z-direction tailstock motor seat 111.
[0024] The upper end of the mounting boss 3 104 has a slot 1041. The lower end of the electric spindle assembly 4 is engaged in the slot 1041. The slot 1041 is divided into two parts, upper and lower. The lower part of the slot 1041 holds the electric spindle assembly 4, and the upper part of the slot 1041 is fixed to the electric spindle assembly 4 by a fastener.
[0025] The large pallet assembly 2 includes a large pallet component 201, a small pallet screw 206, and a pallet motor 205. The large pallet component 201 is fixedly provided with a pair of X-direction linear rails 202, a pallet fixing seat 203, and a pallet motor seat 204. The pallet fixing seat 203 and the pallet motor seat 204 are located between the pair of X-direction linear rails 202. The pallet motor 205 is fixedly connected to the outside of the pallet motor seat 204. One end of the pallet motor 205 is connected to the small pallet screw 206. The small pallet screw 206 is rotatably fixed in the pallet fixing seat 203 and the pallet motor seat 204. The large pallet component 201 is integrally formed with a mounting base plate 2011. The mounting base plate 2011 has symmetrical X-axis mounting plates 2012 protruding upwards. Between the two X-axis mounting plates 2012 is a screw rod mounting groove 2013. A pallet fixing seat 203 is fixedly connected inside the screw rod mounting groove 2013, and a pallet motor seat 204 is fixedly connected to the outside of the screw rod mounting groove 2013. The pallet fixing seat 203 and the pallet motor seat 204 are coaxially arranged. An X-axis linear guide 202 is fixed to the upper end of the X-axis mounting plate 2012. The mounting base plate 2011... A Z-axis mounting groove 2014 is recessed on the side facing away from the X-axis mounting plate 2012. A Z-axis slider 207 is fixedly connected within the Z-axis mounting groove 2014. The Z-axis slider 207 and the Z-axis linear guide 105 are in sliding engagement. There are four Z-axis mounting grooves 2014. A Z-axis lead screw sleeve groove 2015 is formed on one side of the Z-axis mounting groove 2014. A Z-axis lead screw sleeve seat 208 is fixedly connected within the Z-axis lead screw sleeve groove 2015. The Z-axis large pallet lead screw 109 is in threaded engagement with the Z-axis lead screw sleeve seat 208. The mounting base plate 2011 integrates the Z-axis slider 207, which slides with the bed Z-axis linear guide 105 to enhance load capacity. A pair of X-axis linear guides 202 support the X-axis movement of the power head pallet assembly 5. The small pallet lead screw 206 is driven by the pallet motor 205, achieving precision transmission through the pallet fixing seat 203 and the pallet motor seat 204. The mounting base plate 2011 has several protruding ribs 2016 on one side of the Z-direction mounting groove 2014. The protruding ribs 2016 on the side of the Z-direction mounting groove 2014 of the mounting base plate 2011 improve torsional rigidity.
[0026] A power head support plate assembly 5 is slidably mounted on the X-axis linear guide 202. The power head support plate assembly 5 includes a small support plate 51 and a milling cutter assembly 52 fixedly connected to the small support plate 51. The milling cutter assembly 52 includes a milling cutter disc and a milling cutter motor that drives the milling cutter disc. The small support plate 51 is integrally formed with an X-axis mounting groove 511 and an X-axis lead screw sleeve groove 512. An X-axis slider 53 is fixedly connected in the X-axis mounting groove 511 and slides with the X-axis linear guide 202. An X-axis lead screw sleeve 54 is fixedly connected in the X-axis lead screw sleeve groove 512 and threadedly engages with the lead screw 206 of the small support plate.
[0027] The tailstock assembly 3 includes a tailstock support plate 301. A tailstock screw groove 3011 is formed in the middle of the lower end of the tailstock support plate 301. A tailstock screw sleeve 302 is fixedly connected within the tailstock screw groove 3011, and the tailstock screw sleeve 302 is threadedly engaged with the Z-axis tailstock screw 112. The tailstock and the large support plate 201 share the Z-axis movement logic to ensure that the workpiece clamping center is aligned with the spindle axis. The tailstock assembly 3 also includes a tailstock frame 303. The tailstock frame 303 has a fixing part 3031 perpendicular to the inclined bed surface 101 and a mounting part 3032 perpendicular to the ground. The fixing part 3031 is fixedly connected to the tailstock support plate 301, and a ejector pin 3033 is fixed to the top of the mounting part 3032.
[0028] The machine bed is integrally cast to ensure high rigidity and vibration resistance, adapting to heavy cutting conditions. The inclined bed surface 101 facilitates chip removal, while parallel mounting bosses 102, 103, and 104 provide modular mounting references. Mounting boss 102 fixes the Z-axis linear guide 105, supporting the large support plate assembly 2 and enabling Z-axis movement. Mounting boss 103 mounts the tailstock linear guide 106, driving the tailstock assembly 3 to adjust synchronously along the Z-axis to adapt to the workpiece length. Mounting boss 104 fixes the electric spindle assembly 4 through the slot 1041, ensuring spindle stability and allowing it to directly participate in cutting, improving machining accuracy and efficiency.
[0029] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model should be covered within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A machine tool for machining crankshafts, comprising a bed assembly (1), characterized in that: The bed assembly (1) is integrally cast. The bed assembly (1) has three mounting bosses protruding and parallel to the inclined bed surface (101) and the vertical inclined bed surface (101): mounting boss one (102), mounting boss two (103), and mounting boss three (104). A Z-axis linear guide (105) is fixedly connected to mounting boss one (102), and a large support plate assembly (2) is slidably connected to the Z-axis linear guide (105). A tailstock linear guide (106) is fixedly connected to mounting boss two (103), and a tailstock assembly (3) is slidably connected to the tailstock linear guide (106). An electric spindle assembly (4) is fixedly connected to mounting boss three (104). The large support plate assembly (2) includes a large support plate component (201). A pair of X-axis linear rails (202), a pallet fixing seat (203), and a pallet motor seat (204) are fixedly installed on the pallet. The pallet fixing seat (203) and the pallet motor seat (204) are located between the pair of X-axis linear rails (202). A pallet motor (205) is fixedly connected to the outside of the pallet motor seat (204). One end of the pallet motor (205) is connected to a small pallet screw (206). The small pallet screw (206) is rotatably fixed in the pallet fixing seat (203) and the pallet motor seat (204). A power head pallet assembly (5) is slidably installed on the X-axis linear rails (202). The power head pallet assembly (5) includes a small pallet (51). A milling cutter assembly (52) is fixedly connected to the small pallet (51).
2. The crankshaft machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large pallet component (201) is integrally formed with a mounting base plate (2011). The mounting base plate (2011) has symmetrical X-axis mounting plates (2012) protruding upwards. Between the two X-axis mounting plates (2012) is a screw rod mounting groove (2013). A pallet fixing seat (203) is fixedly connected inside the screw rod mounting groove (2013). A pallet motor seat (204) is fixedly connected to the outside of the screw rod mounting groove (2013). The pallet fixing seat (203) and the pallet motor seat (204) are coaxially arranged. The upper end of the X-axis mounting plate (2012) is fixed with an X-axis... The linear guide (202) has a Z-direction mounting groove (2014) recessed on the side of the mounting base plate (2011) facing away from the X-direction mounting plate (2012). A Z-direction slider (207) is fixedly connected in the Z-direction mounting groove (2014). The Z-direction slider (207) and the Z-direction linear guide (105) are in sliding fit. There are four Z-direction mounting grooves (2014). A Z-direction screw sleeve groove (2015) is formed on the side of the mounting base plate (2011) located in the Z-direction mounting groove (2014). A Z-direction screw sleeve seat (208) is fixedly connected in the Z-direction screw sleeve groove (2015).
3. The crankshaft machining tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting base plate (2011) has several ribs (2016) protruding from one side of the Z-direction mounting groove (2014).
4. The crankshaft machining tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The small tray (51) is integrally formed with an X-direction mounting groove (511) and an X-direction screw sleeve groove (512). An X-direction slider (53) is fixedly connected in the X-direction mounting groove (511). The X-direction slider (53) is slidably engaged with the X-direction linear guide (202). An X-direction screw sleeve seat (54) is fixedly connected in the X-direction screw sleeve groove (512). The X-direction screw sleeve seat (54) is threadedly engaged with the small tray screw (206).
5. The crankshaft machining tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is a pair of mounting bosses (102). The pair of mounting bosses (102) are fixedly connected by a Z-direction screw fixing seat (107) and a Z-direction motor fixing seat (108). The Z-direction screw fixing seat (107) and the Z-direction motor fixing seat (108) rotatably fix the Z-direction large support plate screw (109). The Z-direction large support plate screw (109) is threadedly driven into the Z-direction screw sleeve (208).
6. The crankshaft machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting bosses (103) are in pairs. A Z-direction tailstock fixing seat (110) and a Z-direction tailstock motor seat (111) are fixedly connected between the two mounting bosses (103). A Z-direction tailstock screw (112) is rotatably fixed inside the Z-direction tailstock fixing seat (110) and the Z-direction tailstock motor seat (111). The tailstock assembly (3) includes a tailstock support plate (301). A tailstock screw sleeve groove (3011) is formed in the middle of the lower end of the tailstock support plate (301). A tailstock screw sleeve seat (302) is fixedly connected inside the tailstock screw sleeve groove (3011). The tailstock screw sleeve seat (302) and the Z-direction tailstock screw (112) are threadedly driven together.
7. The crankshaft machining tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tailstock assembly (3) further includes a tailstock frame (303), which has a fixing part (3031) that is perpendicular to the inclined bed surface (101) and a mounting part (3032) that is perpendicular to the ground. The fixing part (3031) is fixedly connected to the tailstock support plate (301), and the top of the mounting part (3032) is fixed with a pin (3033).
8. The crankshaft machining tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the mounting boss three (104) has a slot (1041), and the lower end of the electric spindle assembly (4) is engaged in the slot (1041).