Household garbage pyrolyzing furnace with multi-row air distribution structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a household garbage pyrolyzing furnace with a multi-row air distribution structure, which comprises a front side wall, a rear side wall, a left side wall, a right side wall, a furnace top, an air distribution channel, a garbage feeding port, a pyrolysis gas outlet, a manual slag removal port, an ash hopper and a slag discharge port, the garbage pyrolyzing furnace has the beneficial effects that the plurality of rows of air distribution channels are arranged in the middle area of the garbage pyrolyzing furnace, and the plurality of rows of air distribution channels provide larger air supply quantity for the middle area of the garbage pyrolyzing furnace due to larger garbage accumulation quantity in the middle area so as to ensure that sufficient oxygen participates in garbage pyrolyzing; the air supply amount of the middle area with the large garbage accumulation amount is larger than that of the peripheral area, so that garbage on the same cross section in the furnace can make more uniform contact with air, the pyrolysis reaction of the garbage in the middle is promoted, and residues which are not completely pyrolyzed in the middle area are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste pyrolysis technology, and in particular to a municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace with a multi-row air distribution structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the improvement of residents' living standards has led to a sharp increase in the amount of household waste. Household waste in my country mainly includes kitchen waste, packaging of household goods, waste paper, cigarette butts, and used batteries. This waste has a complex composition, and its moisture content and calorific value fluctuate with seasonal and climatic changes, posing a significant challenge to waste management. If household waste is not effectively treated, it will have serious impacts on the environment and human health. Open dumping or simple landfills not only encroach on valuable land resources but also consume a large amount of human, material, and financial resources. More seriously, untreated waste easily breeds mosquitoes and flies, causing diseases, emitting foul odors, polluting the air, and even the toxic and harmful substances in the waste can pollute water bodies and soil, posing a threat to the ecological environment and human health.

[0003] To address this challenge, the environmental awareness of the Chinese government and public has been continuously enhanced, and relevant policies and regulations have been successively introduced to promote the effective treatment and resource utilization of waste. Currently, common waste treatment technologies include landfill, composting, incineration, and pyrolysis. While landfilling is simple to operate, it poses problems of environmental pollution and waste of land resources; composting can reduce the amount of waste, but the processing cycle is long and requires strict waste sorting; incineration can significantly reduce waste volume, but construction and operating costs are high, and it may produce harmful gases. Against this backdrop, waste pyrolysis technology has received increasing attention due to its advantages in waste reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery. Pyrolysis technology decomposes organic matter in waste into smaller gaseous, liquid, and solid molecules under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions through high temperatures. This technology can effectively reduce the volume and weight of waste while recovering heat energy and valuable chemical substances, achieving resource utilization of waste.

[0004] However, after the waste is fed into the waste pyrolysis furnace through the inlet, it forms a cone shape with a "high center and low sides" and is naturally piled up. Air enters the pyrolysis furnace from the air distribution channel and flows from bottom to top along the furnace wall. As a result, the pyrolysis rate is fast in the perimeter area near the furnace wall on the same cross-section due to sufficient pyrolysis air, while the pyrolysis rate is slow in the central area due to less contact between the waste and the air. This results in an uneven overall pyrolysis process for the waste. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace with a multi-row air distribution structure.

[0006] This utility model discloses a municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace with a multi-row air distribution structure. The pyrolysis furnace includes a front side wall, a rear side wall, a left side wall, a right side wall, a furnace top, air distribution channels, a waste inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet, a manual slag removal outlet, an ash hopper, and a slag discharge outlet. The waste inlet is located in the middle area of ​​the furnace top. The front side wall, rear side wall, left side wall, and right side wall are all vertically placed and form the furnace walls of the pyrolysis furnace, with a rectangular cross-section. The ash hopper is connected to the lower part of the furnace walls. The air distribution channels have at least two rows, and all channels in the air distribution channels are arranged horizontally with their centerlines parallel to the left and right side walls. The air distribution channels pass between the front and rear side walls of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0007] Based on this, the air distribution channel includes air distribution channel A and air distribution channel B, with air distribution channel A arranged above the manual slag removal port and air distribution channel B arranged below the manual slag removal port.

[0008] Based on this, the air distribution channel A is located at a higher elevation of the waste pyrolysis furnace, the air distribution channel B is located at a lower elevation of the waste pyrolysis furnace, and the distance between the center lines of the outermost pipe rows of the air distribution channel A is less than or equal to the distance between the center lines of the outermost pipe rows of the air distribution channel B.

[0009] Based on this, the pitch of the air distribution channel B located at a lower elevation in the waste pyrolysis furnace is greater than or equal to the pitch of the air distribution channel A located at a higher elevation.

[0010] Based on this, the vertical distance between the bottom of the manual slag removal port in the waste pyrolysis furnace and the center line of the highest layer of the air distribution channel B is greater than or equal to 300mm.

[0011] Based on this, the vertical distance between the top of the manual slag removal port in the waste pyrolysis furnace and the center line of the lowest layer of the air distribution channel A is greater than or equal to 300mm.

[0012] Based on this, the number of air distribution channels in each row of the waste pyrolysis furnace shall not be less than three.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] This invention involves arranging multiple rows of air distribution channels in the central area of ​​a waste pyrolysis furnace. Due to the larger volume of waste in the central area, these channels provide a greater airflow to ensure sufficient oxygen for pyrolysis. The airflow to the central area, with its larger waste volume, should be greater than that to the surrounding areas, allowing for more even air contact between the waste and air on the same cross-section within the furnace. This promotes the pyrolysis reaction in the central area and reduces incompletely pyrolyzed residue. By distributing the waste and the required airflow within the cross-section of the pyrolysis furnace, the overall pyrolysis uniformity and efficiency are effectively improved, significantly reducing the risk of burn-through in thinner sections of the waste layer.

[0015] In addition, the unpyrolyzed waste above the air distribution channel A in the first row of the waste pyrolysis furnace falls naturally through the gaps in the air distribution channel A. This waste accumulates above the air distribution channel B below and there is enough air to participate in the pyrolysis and further carry out the combustion reaction, which will correspondingly generate higher temperatures, thereby increasing the risk of the waste forming larger coke lumps.

[0016] In this invention, the distance between the center lines of the outermost pipe rows of the air distribution channel A located at a higher elevation in the waste pyrolysis furnace is no greater than the distance between the center lines of the outermost pipe rows of the air distribution channel B located at a lower elevation. This avoids the risk of larger coke blocks clogging the air distribution channel B at the lower elevation and ensures the smooth discharge of coke blocks. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of a waste pyrolysis furnace according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a waste pyrolysis furnace according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of the waste pyrolysis furnace involved in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Waste pyrolysis furnace; 2. Furnace wall; 3. Furnace top; 4. Waste inlet; 5. Air distribution channel A; 6. Air distribution channel B; 7. Ash hopper; 8. Slag discharge port; 9. Manual slag removal port; 2-1. Right side wall; 2-2. Left side wall; 2-3. Front side wall; 2-4. Rear side wall. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Under ideal conditions, the airflow distribution across the cross-section of the waste pyrolysis furnace 1 should match the amount of waste to achieve uniformity and efficiency in the pyrolysis process. In waste pyrolysis technology, the waste inlet 4 is located in the middle area of ​​the furnace top 3. After the waste is fed into the pyrolysis furnace through the inlet 4, it will form a cone shape naturally accumulated with a "high center and low perimeter". The airflow distribution has a crucial impact on the pyrolysis effect. However, in reality, air enters the pyrolysis furnace from the air distribution channel and flows upward along the furnace wall 2. This results in sufficient airflow in the perimeter area of ​​the same cross-section, while the waste in the middle area has less contact with the air, thus causing uneven pyrolysis of the waste on the same cross-section.

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model discloses a municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace with a multi-row air distribution structure. The pyrolysis furnace 1 has a rectangular cross-section, measuring 5m × 3m, and a height of 10m. The pyrolysis furnace 1 includes a front side wall 2-3, a rear side wall 2-4, a left side wall 2-2, a right side wall 2-1, a furnace top 3, an air distribution channel, a waste inlet 4, a pyrolysis gas outlet, a manual slag removal port 9, an ash hopper 7, and a slag discharge port 8. The waste inlet 4 is located in the middle area of ​​the furnace top 3 and is rectangular in shape. The front side wall 2-3, rear side wall 2-4, left side wall 2-2, and right side wall 2-1 are all vertically placed and form the furnace wall 2, with a rectangular cross-section. The manual slag removal port 9 is located in the lower half of the front side wall 2-3 and is rectangular in shape. The ash hopper 7 is connected to the lower part of the furnace wall 2, and its inclined surface forms an angle of 50° with the horizontal direction. The slag discharge port 8 is located at the bottom of the ash hopper 7 and has a rectangular cross-section.

[0025] Air distribution channels A5 are laid at the bottom of the furnace wall. All channels are arranged horizontally, and their centerlines are parallel to the left wall 2-2 and the right wall 2-1. Air distribution channels A5 and B6 pass between the front side wall 2-3 and the rear side wall 2-4 of the pyrolysis furnace. A row of air distribution channels A5 is arranged horizontally above the manual slag removal port 9. The centerline of air distribution channel A5 is 300mm away from the upper edge of the manual slag removal port. There are 5 air distribution channels A5 with a pitch of 300mm. A row of air distribution channels B6 is arranged horizontally below the manual slag removal port 9. The centerline of air distribution channel B6 is 300mm away from the lower edge of the manual slag removal port. There are 7 air distribution channels B6 with a pitch of 500mm. Each air distribution channel A5 and air distribution channel B6 has 10 air holes with a circular cross-section and a net distance of 200mm between the centers of the air holes. The air distribution duct carries hot air into the pyrolysis chamber, where it undergoes combustion and pyrolysis reactions with the waste inside.

[0026] Due to the larger volume of waste in the central area, multiple air ducts provide a greater airflow to the central region of the waste pyrolysis furnace 1 to ensure sufficient oxygen participation in waste pyrolysis. The airflow to the central area, with its larger waste volume, should be greater than that to the surrounding areas, allowing the waste on the same cross-section within the furnace to be more evenly exposed to air. This promotes the pyrolysis reaction in the central area and reduces incompletely pyrolyzed residue. By distributing the waste and the required airflow within the cross-section of the waste pyrolysis furnace 1, the overall pyrolysis uniformity and efficiency can be effectively improved, significantly reducing the risk of burn-through in thinner sections of the waste layer.

[0027] In the first row of waste pyrolysis furnace 1, the unpyrolyzed waste above the air distribution channel A5 falls naturally through the gaps in air distribution channel A5. This waste accumulates above the lower air distribution channel B6, where sufficient air participates in pyrolysis, further fueling the combustion reaction and generating higher temperatures. This increases the risk of larger coke lumps forming. The setting that the distance between the center lines of the outermost pipe rows of air distribution channel A5 (located at a higher elevation) is no greater than the distance between the center lines of the outermost pipe rows of air distribution channel B6 (located at a lower elevation) avoids the risk of larger coke lumps clogging the lower air distribution channel B6, ensuring smooth discharge of coke lumps.

[0028] Example 2:

[0029] The location of the air distribution channels does not affect the flow of waste pyrolysis material from the gaps into the lower air distribution channels, therefore the spacing between the air distribution channels can be adjusted. (Refer to...) Figure 3 The difference from Example 1 is that two rows of air distribution channels B6 are arranged horizontally and parallel below the manual slag removal port 9 of the pyrolysis furnace. The center line of the air distribution channel B6 at the higher elevation is 300mm away from the lower edge of the manual slag removal port 9, and there are 5 channels with a pitch of 300mm. The number of air distribution channels B6 at the lower elevation is 7, with a pitch of 500mm. The vertical net distance between the two rows of air distribution channels B6 is 500mm.

[0030] The optimized structure of this utility model is simple and easy to implement, with extremely low processing difficulty, and does not increase processing and manufacturing costs.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0032] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixing", "screw connection", "pad", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] The foregoing description illustrates and describes preferred embodiments of the present invention. As previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or related technical or knowledge. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A municipal solid waste pyrolysis furnace with a multi-row air distribution structure, characterized in that: The waste pyrolysis furnace (1) includes a front side wall (2-3), a rear side wall (2-4), a left side wall (2-2), a right side wall (2-1), a furnace top (3), an air distribution channel, a waste inlet (4), a pyrolysis gas outlet, a manual slag removal port (9), an ash hopper (7), and a slag discharge port (8). The waste inlet (4) is located in the middle area of ​​the furnace top (3). The front side wall (2-3), rear side wall (2-4), left side wall (2-2), and right side wall (2-1) are all placed vertically and form a ring. The pyrolysis furnace wall (2) has a rectangular cross-section; the ash hopper (7) is connected to the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace wall (2); the number of air distribution channels is not less than two rows; all channels in the air distribution channels are arranged horizontally, and their center lines are parallel to the left side wall (2-2) and the right side wall (2-1); the air distribution channels pass through the front side wall (2-3) and the rear side wall (2-4) of the pyrolysis furnace; the air distribution channels include air distribution channel A (5) and air distribution channel B (6); the air distribution channel A (5) 5) The air distribution channel B (6) is arranged above the manual slag removal port (9) and below the manual slag removal port (9); the air distribution channel A (5) is located at a higher elevation of the waste pyrolysis furnace (1), and the air distribution channel B (6) is located at a lower elevation of the waste pyrolysis furnace (1). The distance between the center lines of the outermost pipe rows of the air distribution channel A (5) is less than or equal to the distance between the center lines of the outermost pipe rows of the air distribution channel B (6); the waste pyrolysis furnace (1) is located at a lower elevation. The pitch of the air distribution channel B (6) at the lower level is greater than or equal to the pitch of the air distribution channel A (5) at the higher level; the vertical distance between the bottom of the manual slag removal port (9) in the waste pyrolysis furnace (1) and the center line of the highest layer of the air distribution channel B (6) is greater than or equal to 300mm; the vertical distance between the top of the manual slag removal port (9) in the waste pyrolysis furnace (1) and the center line of the lowest layer of the air distribution channel A (5) is greater than or equal to 300mm; the number of air distribution channels in each row in the waste pyrolysis furnace (1) is not less than 3.

Images