Optical device surface repairing equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses surface repairing equipment for an optical device. The surface repairing equipment for the optical device comprises a rack; the driving mechanism is arranged on the rack; the gear transmission assembly is connected with the driving mechanism, so that the driving mechanism drives the gear transmission assembly to move; the adapter plate is fixed on the gear transmission assembly, and the adapter plate and the gear transmission assembly move synchronously; the rotating frame is movably connected with the adapter plate so as to adjust the position of the rotating frame relative to the adapter plate, the rotating frame and the adapter plate synchronously move, and the optical device is arranged on the rotating frame so as to synchronously move along with the rotating frame; and the correction liner is arranged on the rack and is used for being in contact with the optical device and correcting the surface of the optical device. According to the surface repairing equipment for the optical device, the consistency during repairing can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of optical device repair, and in particular to an optical device surface repair device. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of optical products, optical components such as plane mirrors or waveguide plates are used. After the surface of these components is processed by mass production equipment, although the main surface parameters may be qualified, if strict control is required or the consistency of the product is evaluated, there will still be some defects in the surface. Or, during the daily use of optical components, the surface of the optical components may be damaged, resulting in defects.

[0003] To address the aforementioned defects, current repair methods involve manual grinding and polishing of the optical components' surfaces. This involves workers holding the optical components and applying pressure based on their experience, observing and rubbing them together to restore the surface shape. This method relies heavily on the worker's experience, requiring them to apply appropriate force to repair surface defects or inconsistencies. However, this method is highly dependent on the worker's experience, making it difficult to maintain a constant pressure when grinding different areas, resulting in poor consistency. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention provides an optical device surface repair device that can improve the consistency of repair.

[0005] The optical device surface repair device according to this utility model includes:

[0006] frame;

[0007] A drive mechanism, which is mounted on the frame;

[0008] A gear transmission assembly, which is connected to the drive mechanism so that the drive mechanism drives the gear transmission assembly to move;

[0009] An adapter plate is fixed to the gear transmission assembly and moves synchronously with the gear transmission assembly.

[0010] A rotating frame is movably connected to the adapter plate to adjust the position of the rotating frame relative to the adapter plate. The rotating frame and the adapter plate move synchronously. The optical device is mounted on the rotating frame to move synchronously with the rotating frame.

[0011] A correction pad is disposed on the frame for contacting the optics and correcting the surface of the optics.

[0012] In some embodiments, the frame includes a base plate, a top plate, and a support member connecting the base plate and the top plate, the drive mechanism is fixed to the top plate, and the correction pad is fixed to the base plate.

[0013] In some alternative embodiments, the support includes a support column and a support plate.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the drive mechanism includes a motor and a motor control box, the motor control box being electrically connected to the motor, the motor also including a motor output shaft, a through hole being provided on the top plate, and the motor output shaft passing through the through hole to connect with the gear transmission assembly.

[0015] In some alternative embodiments, the gear transmission assembly includes a first gear and a second gear, the first gear being fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and the second gear meshing with the first gear, so that the motor drives the first gear and the second gear to rotate.

[0016] In some alternative embodiments, the adapter plate is fixedly connected to the second gear.

[0017] In some optional embodiments, the rotating frame includes a radius adjustment plate, a device limiting plate, and a pull rod for connecting the radius adjustment plate and the device limiting plate. The radius adjustment plate is movably connected to the adapter plate, and the optical device is disposed on the device limiting plate.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, a bolt is also included. The adapter plate has a threaded hole, and the radius adjustment plate has a radius adjustment groove. The bolt passes through the radius adjustment groove and connects to the threaded hole. Adjusting the position of the bolt passing through the radius adjustment groove adjusts the position of the rotating frame relative to the adapter plate.

[0019] In some embodiments, multiple rotating frames and adapter plates are provided.

[0020] In some alternative embodiments, a drive mechanism protection box is also included, which covers the drive mechanism.

[0021] According to the optical device surface repair equipment of this utility model, by placing the optical device in a rotating frame, the drive mechanism can drive the rotating frame to rotate through a gear transmission assembly, so that the optical device can rub against the correction pad, thereby repairing the surface of the optical device and ensuring the consistency of the optical device surface repair. At the same time, by controlling parameters such as the pressure of the correction pad, the rotation speed of the optical device, and the rotation radius of the optical device, the friction between the optical device and the correction pad can be controlled, thereby further ensuring the accuracy of the optical device surface repair, further ensuring the consistency of the optical device surface repair, and improving the repair efficiency.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an optical device surface repair device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of an optical device surface repair device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the drive mechanism and the gear transmission component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the adapter plate and the rotating frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 1000: Optical component surface repair equipment; 100: Frame; 110: Base plate; 120: Top plate; 130: Support component; 1301: Support column; 1302: Support plate; 200: Drive mechanism; 210: Motor; 220: Motor control box; 300: Gear transmission assembly; 310: First gear; 320: Second gear; 400: Adapter plate; 500: Rotating frame; 510: Radius adjustment plate; 520: Tie rod; 530: Component limiting plate; 600: Correction pad; 700: Drive mechanism protection box; 800: Bolt; 1: Optical component. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0030] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention; however, those skilled in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0031] The following is for reference. Figures 1-4 The optical device surface repair device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 100, a drive mechanism 200, a gear transmission assembly 300, an adapter plate 400, a rotating frame 500, and a correction pad 600, wherein the drive mechanism 200, the gear transmission assembly 300, the adapter plate 400, the rotating frame 500, and the correction pad 600 are all disposed on the frame 100.

[0032] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4 Furthermore, the gear transmission assembly 300 is connected to the drive mechanism 200, so that the drive mechanism 200 can drive the gear transmission assembly 300 to move. It can be understood that the drive mechanism 200 refers to a mechanism capable of converting energy (such as electrical energy, hydraulic energy, pneumatic energy, etc.) into mechanical motion and achieving a specific action or function. Specifically, for example, in this embodiment, the drive mechanism 200 can convert electrical energy into rotational motion, thereby driving the gear transmission assembly 300 to rotate.

[0033] Furthermore, the adapter plate 400 is fixed to the gear transmission assembly 300 and moves synchronously with the gear transmission assembly 300; the rotating frame 500 is movably connected to the adapter plate 400 to adjust the position of the rotating frame 500 relative to the adapter plate 400. The rotating frame 500 and the adapter plate 400 move synchronously, and the optical device 1 is disposed on the rotating frame 500 to move synchronously with the rotating frame 500. It should be noted that when the relative position of the rotating frame 500 and the adapter plate 400 is adjusted, the position of the rotating frame 500 relative to the gear transmission assembly 300 also changes. And since the optical device 1 is disposed on the rotating frame 500, the position of the optical device 1 relative to the gear transmission assembly 300 also changes. When the optical device 1 is located at different positions relative to the gear transmission assembly 300, the radius of rotation of the optical device 1 with the gear transmission assembly 300 changes.

[0034] Understandably, the synchronous motion described above refers to one component driving another component to perform the same motion, such as rotation or movement, or one component driving another component to perform different motions. This embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. Specifically, for example, synchronous motion between the rotating frame 500 and the adapter plate 400 means that the adapter plate 400 rotates with the gear transmission assembly 300 and can drive the rotating frame 500 to rotate.

[0035] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4 Furthermore, a correction pad 600 is disposed on the frame 100 for contacting the optical device 1 and correcting the surface of the optical device 1. Understandably, the correction pad 600 can be made of flexible fiber material, etc., and the surface of the optical device 1 is corrected by rubbing the optical device 1 with the correction pad 600.

[0036] During use, firstly, after the drive mechanism 200 is powered on, the drive mechanism 200 can convert electrical energy into mechanical motion and drive the gear transmission assembly 300 to rotate. The gear transmission assembly 300 then drives the adapter plate 400 and the rotating frame 500 to rotate. The optical element is fixed on the rotating frame 500 and moves synchronously with the rotating frame 500. Since the optical device 1 is in contact with the correction pad 600, when the optical device 1 rotates, the correction pad 600 can rub the optical device 1, thereby correcting the surface of the optical device 1.

[0037] It should be noted that when the optical device 1 contacts the correction pad 600 and corrects the surface of the optical device 1, the friction between the optical device 1 and the correction pad 600 needs to be controlled to maintain the consistency of the correction. For example, in this embodiment, the friction between the optical device 1 and the correction pad 600 can be controlled by adjusting the pressure of the optical device 1 on the correction pad 600, the rotation speed of the optical device 1, and the rotation radius of the optical device 1.

[0038] Specifically, the pressure of the optical device 1 on the correction pad 600 can be the weight of the optical device 1 itself, or a load can be added to the optical device 1. The rotation speed of the optical device 1 can be controlled by the drive mechanism 200, and the rotation radius of the optical device 1 can be controlled by adjusting the relative position between the rotating frame 500 and the adapter plate 400.

[0039] The inventors discovered in their actual research that the existing approach to problems such as surface defects or inconsistencies in optical devices mainly involves manual operation by experienced craftsmen. This involves a person holding the optical device in their hand to contact the flexible fiber, controlling the pressure based on their experience, and observing while rubbing against each other to achieve surface repair.

[0040] In view of this, the optical device surface repair device 1000 of this utility model, by placing the optical device 1 in the rotating frame 500, and the driving mechanism 200 driving the rotating frame 500 to rotate through the gear transmission assembly 300, allows the optical device 1 to rub against the correction pad 600, thereby repairing the surface of the optical device 1 and ensuring the consistency of the surface repair of the optical device 1. At the same time, by controlling parameters such as the pressure of the optical device 1 on the correction pad 600, the rotation speed of the optical device 1, and the rotation radius of the optical device 1, the frictional force between the optical device 1 and the correction pad 600 can be controlled, thereby further ensuring the accuracy of the surface repair of the optical device 1, further ensuring the consistency of the surface repair of the optical device 1, and improving the repair efficiency.

[0041] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4 In some embodiments, the frame 100 includes a base plate 110, a top plate 120, and a support member 130 connecting the base plate 110 and the top plate 120. The drive mechanism 200 is fixed to the top plate 120, and the correction pad 600 is fixed to the base plate 110. Understandably, the frame 100 serves as the skeleton of the entire optical device surface repair equipment 1000, providing support for the entire equipment. The base plate 110 and top plate 120 can be used to mount the correction pad 600 and the drive mechanism 200, respectively. The support member 130 is disposed between the base plate 110 and the top plate 120, thus providing a space between them for the gear transmission assembly 300, the adapter plate 400, and the rotating frame 500, etc., to be disposed between the base plate 110 and the top plate 120. This improves the stability of the optical device surface repair equipment 1000 and further ensures the consistency of the surface repair of the optical device 1.

[0042] Specifically, the drive mechanism 200 can be fixed to the top plate 120 by a threaded connection, and the bottom plate 110 can be provided with a groove to restrict the correction pad 600 to the bottom plate 110.

[0043] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4 In some optional embodiments, the support member 130 includes support columns 1301 and support plates 1302. Specifically, there can be two support columns 1301 and three support plates 1302. The two support columns 1301 can be fixed to the base plate 110 and the top plate 120 by threaded connection, and the three support plates 1302 can also be fixed to the base plate 110 and the top plate 120 by threaded connection. Thus, the support columns 1301 are small in size, which facilitates the installation and disassembly of the optical device 1; the support plates 1302 have a large support area, which further improves the stability of the optical device surface repair equipment 1000 and further ensures the consistency of the surface repair of the optical device 1.

[0044] Of course, the number of support columns 1301 and support plates 1302 can be other than that, as long as they can stably support and connect the bottom plate 110 and the top plate 120. This embodiment of the utility model does not limit this.

[0045] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4 In some optional embodiments, the drive mechanism 200 includes a motor 210 and a motor control box 220. The motor control box 220 is electrically connected to the motor 210. The motor 210 also includes a motor output shaft. A through hole is provided on the top plate 120, through which the motor output shaft passes and connects to the gear transmission assembly 300. Specifically, the motor 210 can be fixed to the top plate 120 by a threaded connection, and the motor output shaft passes through the top plate 120 and connects to the gear transmission assembly 300. The gear transmission assembly 300 is located on the side of the top plate 120 away from the motor 210. The motor control box 220 is electrically connected to the motor 210 and is provided with a motor switch, a motor speed adjustment knob, and a motor forward / reverse adjustment knob for controlling the motor 210. Therefore, the motor 210 is controlled by the motor control box 220, and the motor output shaft is connected to the gear transmission assembly 300, which facilitates the control of the rotational movement of the optical device 1, improves the stability of the optical device surface repair equipment 1000, and further ensures the consistency of the surface repair of the optical device 1.

[0046] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4In some optional embodiments, the gear transmission assembly 300 includes a first gear 310 and a second gear 320. The first gear 310 is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and the second gear 320 meshes with the first gear 310, so that the motor 210 drives the first gear 310 and the second gear 320 to rotate. Specifically, the first gear 310 is connected to the motor output shaft by a key, so that the motor output shaft can drive the first gear 310 to rotate. Furthermore, the second gear 320 meshes with the first gear 310, so that the first gear 310 can drive the second gear 320 to rotate. Thus, by setting the gear transmission assembly 300 to have two gears, the position and size of the second gear 320 can be easily controlled, thereby better controlling the position of the rotating frame 500 and the optical device 1.

[0047] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4 In some other embodiments, the first gear 310 can be fixed to the motor output shaft by a threaded connection. For example, the first gear 310 is provided with a stop washer with a central opening, and the motor output shaft is provided with threads. The stop washer and the motor output shaft are locked and fixed by the threaded connection. The second gear 320 includes an outer gear ring, a fixed inner ring, and a support bearing. The support bearing is disposed between the outer gear ring and the fixed inner ring. The fixed inner ring is fixed to the top plate 120 by a threaded connection. The outer gear ring meshes with the first gear 310 and rotates.

[0048] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4 In some optional embodiments, the adapter plate 400 is fixedly connected to the second gear 320. Therefore, by configuring the gear transmission assembly 300 as two gears, the position and size of the second gear 320 can be easily controlled, thereby better controlling the position of the rotating frame 500 and the optical device 1. Specifically, the adapter plate 400 can be fixed to the second gear 320 by means of threaded connection or snap-fit ​​connection, etc. This embodiment of the invention does not limit this, as long as the second gear 320 can drive the adapter plate 400 to rotate.

[0049] In some optional embodiments, the rotating frame 500 includes a radius adjustment plate 510, a device limiting plate 530, and a pull rod 520 for connecting the radius adjustment plate 510 and the device limiting plate 530. The radius adjustment plate 510 is movably connected to the adapter plate 400, and the optical device 1 is disposed on the device limiting plate 530. Understandably, the movable connection between the radius adjustment plate 510 and the adapter plate 400 allows for adjustment of their relative positions, resulting in different rotation radii for the radius adjustment plate 510. Since the optical device 1 is disposed on the device limiting plate 530, which is connected to the radius adjustment plate 510 via the pull rod 520, the rotation radius of the optical device 1 changes with the rotation radius of the radius adjustment plate 510. Therefore, by controlling the rotation radius of the optical device 1, the control of the friction between the optical device 1 and the correction pad 600 can be further improved, thereby enhancing the consistency of the repair of the optical device 1.

[0050] In some optional embodiments, the optical device surface repair device 1000 further includes a bolt 800, a threaded hole on the adapter plate 400, and a radius adjustment slot on the radius adjustment plate 510. The bolt 800 passes through the radius adjustment slot and connects to the threaded hole. Adjusting the position of the bolt 800 through the radius adjustment slot adjusts the position of the rotating frame 500 relative to the adapter plate 400. Thus, the cooperation of the bolt 800, the threaded hole, and the radius adjustment slot makes the adjustment of the radius adjustment plate 510 more convenient, thereby improving the efficiency of the optical device surface repair device 1000.

[0051] It should be noted that the radius adjustment groove is a through groove on the radius adjustment plate 510, allowing the bolt 800 to pass through it. The shape of the radius adjustment groove can be arc-shaped or other shapes; this embodiment of the invention does not limit this. There can also be multiple threaded holes and bolts 800. Multiple threaded structures can make the fixing of the radius adjustment plate 510 and the adapter plate 400 more secure. Specifically, the adapter plate 400 can have two threaded holes, and there can also be two bolts 800.

[0052] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4 In some embodiments, multiple rotating frames 500 and adapter plates 400 are provided. Understandably, multiple adapter plates 400 can be fixed to the gear transmission assembly 300, and multiple rotating frames 500 are configured in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple adapter plates 400. Therefore, by providing multiple rotating frames 500 and adapter plates 400, multiple optical devices 1 can be repaired simultaneously, further improving the consistency of the optical device surface repair equipment 1000 and increasing its repair efficiency.

[0053] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1-4In some optional embodiments, a drive mechanism protection box 700 is also included, which covers the drive mechanism 200. Specifically, for example, when the drive mechanism 200 includes a motor 210 and a motor control box 220, the drive mechanism protection box 700 can cover the motor 210 and the motor control box 220 on the top plate 120. Furthermore, the drive mechanism protection box 700 may be provided with through holes, allowing the motor switch, motor speed adjustment knob, and motor forward / reverse adjustment knob on the motor control box 220 to extend from the through holes, thereby facilitating operator control of the motor 210.

[0054] Therefore, by setting up a drive mechanism protection box 700, which covers the drive mechanism 200, the electrical connection wires of the drive mechanism 200 can be prevented from being exposed, thereby further improving the stability of the optical device surface repair equipment 1000.

[0055] Other configurations and operations of the optical device surface repair device 1000 according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0057] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optical device surface repair device, used for repairing the surface of optical devices, characterized in that, include: frame; A drive mechanism, which is mounted on the frame; A gear transmission assembly, which is connected to the drive mechanism so that the drive mechanism drives the gear transmission assembly to move; An adapter plate is fixed to the gear transmission assembly and moves synchronously with the gear transmission assembly. A rotating frame is movably connected to the adapter plate to adjust the position of the rotating frame relative to the adapter plate. The rotating frame and the adapter plate move synchronously. The optical device is mounted on the rotating frame to move synchronously with the rotating frame. A correction pad, disposed on the frame, is used to contact the optics and correct the surface of the optics.

2. The optical device surface repair equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame includes a base plate, a top plate, and a support member connecting the base plate and the top plate. The drive mechanism is fixed to the top plate, and the correction pad is fixed to the base plate.

3. The optical device surface repair apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The support components include support columns and support plates.

4. The optical device surface repair equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a motor and a motor control box. The motor control box is electrically connected to the motor. The motor also includes a motor output shaft. A through hole is provided on the top plate. The motor output shaft passes through the through hole and is connected to the gear transmission assembly.

5. The optical device surface repair apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The gear transmission assembly includes a first gear and a second gear. The first gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the second gear meshes with the first gear so that the motor drives the first gear and the second gear to rotate.

6. The optical device surface repair apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The adapter plate is fixedly connected to the second gear.

7. The optical device surface repair apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The rotating frame includes a radius adjustment plate, a device limiting plate, and a pull rod for connecting the radius adjustment plate and the device limiting plate. The radius adjustment plate and the adapter plate are movably connected, and the optical device is disposed on the device limiting plate.

8. The optical device surface repair apparatus of claim 7, wherein, It also includes bolts, the adapter plate is provided with threaded holes, the radius adjustment plate is provided with radius adjustment grooves, the bolts pass through the radius adjustment grooves and connect with the threaded holes, and the position of the bolts passing through the radius adjustment grooves is adjusted to adjust the position of the rotating frame relative to the adapter plate.

9. The optical device surface repair equipment according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Multiple rotating frames and adapter plates are provided.

10. The optical device surface repair equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a drive mechanism protection box, which is installed on the drive mechanism.

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