Cross-flow type finned tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cross-flow nest plate tube heat exchanger, which belongs to the technical field of heat exchange equipment in a compressed air energy storage system and comprises a shell, a tube plate, a heat exchange tube, a tube pass seal head, a tube pass inlet, a tube pass outlet, nest plates, a shell pass inlet and a shell pass outlet. The heat exchange tube is arranged in the shell through the tube plate, the tube pass end socket is arranged on the side, opposite to the heat exchange tube, of the tube plate, and the tube pass inlet and the tube pass outlet are formed in the tube pass end socket. The sleeve sheets are sleeved on the heat exchange tubes to form a tube bundle with the heat exchange tubes; the multiple shell pass inlets are formed in the upper portion of the shell in the axial direction, and the multiple shell pass outlets are formed in the lower portion of the shell in the axial direction. According to the utility model, through the cross-flow arrangement, the circulation path of the shell pass gas is short, and the pressure drop of the shell pass gas is reduced; the shell pass has multiple inlets and multiple outlets, the adaptive air flux is larger, the requirement of large air flux on low pressure drop of the heat exchanger during compressed air energy storage is met, and then the overall efficiency of an energy storage system is improved.

Description

A cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of heat exchange equipment in compressed air energy storage systems, specifically relating to a cross-flow plate-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] In compressed air energy storage, ambient air is compressed to a high pressure using a multi-stage compressor. During this process, a heat exchanger absorbs and stores the heat generated during compression. The high-pressure air is then cooled and stored in a storage facility (such as a salt cavern, artificial chamber, or storage tank). In the energy release phase, the heat exchanger releases the previously stored heat to the cooled compressed air. The heated air then enters a turbine, expands, and performs work, thereby driving a generator to produce electricity, which is then connected to the power grid, thus realizing the storage and release of energy.

[0003] Currently, when using compressed air energy storage at the 100 megawatt level or above, the air flow rate can reach thousands of tons per hour. Conventional heat exchangers are not suitable for this working condition. During use, they are prone to causing large air pressure drops, large compressed air energy losses, and large air flow rates can easily cause large impacts on the heat exchanger, making it prone to failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of large air pressure drop caused by a large flow of gas entering existing heat exchangers during compressed air energy storage, this invention provides a cross-flow plate-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0005] A cross-flow finned tube heat exchanger includes a shell, tube sheet, heat exchange tubes, tube end caps, tube inlet, tube outlet, fins, shell inlet, and shell outlet.

[0006] The heat exchange tubes are arranged inside the shell through a tube sheet, the tube end caps are arranged on the side of the tube sheet facing away from the heat exchange tubes, and the tube inlet and tube outlet are arranged on the tube end caps; the sleeves are fitted on the heat exchange tubes to form a tube bundle with the heat exchange tubes.

[0007] The shell-side inlets are located on the upper part of the shell and are arranged in multiple axial directions, while the shell-side outlets are located on the lower part of the shell and are arranged in multiple axial directions.

[0008] Preferably, the tube inlet is located at the bottom and the tube outlet is located at the top.

[0009] Preferably, the heat exchange tube has a straight tube structure, and tube sheets are provided at both ends of the heat exchange tube, with a tube end cap provided on each side of the two tube sheets facing away from each other.

[0010] Preferably, the tube inlet and tube outlet are located on different tube end caps.

[0011] Preferably, an even number of inlet partitions are provided along the height direction inside the tube end cap where the tube inlet is located, and the inlet partitions divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap into several inlet partition cavities;

[0012] The tube end cap where the tube outlet is located has several outlet partitions arranged along the height direction, which are the same number as the inlet partitions. The outlet partitions divide the corresponding tube end cap cavity into several outlet partition cavities.

[0013] All inlet and outlet partition chambers and heat exchange tubes form a serpentine tube-side medium flow path.

[0014] Preferably, the number of inlet partitions is 0 to 8.

[0015] Preferably, the tube inlet and tube outlet are located on the same tube end cap, which is the first end cap and the other tube end cap is the second end cap;

[0016] An odd number of inlet partitions are provided inside the first end cap along the height direction, and the inlet partitions divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap into several inlet partition cavities.

[0017] The second end cap has an outlet partition plate arranged along the height direction. The number of outlet partition plates is one less than the number of inlet partition plates. The outlet partition plate divides the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap into several outlet partition cavities.

[0018] All inlet and outlet partition chambers and heat exchange tubes form a serpentine tube-side medium flow path.

[0019] Preferably, the number of inlet partitions is 1 to 7.

[0020] Preferably, the heat exchange tube has a U-shaped bend structure, and the tube sheet and the tube end cap are both single.

[0021] Preferably, the sleeve has a planar structure or a windowed fin structure.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] (1) This utility model uses a cross-flow arrangement, with the shell-side inlet located at the top and the shell-side outlet located at the bottom, so that the main flow direction of the shell-side gas is roughly the radial direction of the shell. Compared with the counter-flow heat exchange in existing heat exchangers where gas enters from one end of the shell and exits from the other end, the shell-side gas flow path is shorter, reducing the pressure drop of the shell-side gas. The shell-side has multiple inlets and outlets, which can accommodate a larger gas flow rate, solving the requirement of low pressure drop of the heat exchanger for large gas flow rate when storing compressed air energy, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the energy storage system.

[0024] (2) The setting of the sleeve in this utility model greatly increases the heat exchange area, so that the heat exchanger can still maintain good heat exchange even with a low heat transfer coefficient.

[0025] (3) The inlet and outlet partitions in this utility model enable the tube medium to be deflected, increasing the flow path of the tube medium and improving the heat exchange efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0027] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the cross-flow plate-and-tube heat exchanger in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-flow plate-and-tube heat exchanger in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-flow plate-and-tube heat exchanger in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-flow sleeved tube heat exchanger in Embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cross-flow shell-side inlet and shell-side outlet of the present invention when the number of shell-side inlet and shell-side outlet is inconsistent.

[0032] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve in this utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic front view of the structure of the sleeve in this utility model;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic left view of the structure of the sleeve in this utility model;

[0035] in:

[0036] 1. Shell; 11. Shell-side inlet; 12. Shell-side outlet; 2. Tube sheet; 3. Heat exchanger tubes; 4. Tube-side end caps; 41. Tube-side inlet; 42. Tube-side outlet; 43. Inlet partition; 44. Inlet partition cavity; 45. Outlet partition; 46. Outlet partition cavity; 5. Sheet. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] As shown in Figure 1, a cross-flow finned tube heat exchanger includes a shell 1, a tube sheet 2, heat exchange tubes 3, tube end caps 4, tube inlet 41, tube outlet 42, fins 5, shell inlet 11, and shell outlet 12.

[0040] The heat exchange tubes 3 are installed inside the shell 1 through the tube sheet 2. The tube end caps 4 are installed on the side of the tube sheet 2 facing away from the heat exchange tubes 3. The tube inlet 41 and the tube outlet 42 are installed on the tube end caps 4. The inner cavity of the tube end caps 4 is connected to the heat exchange tubes 3. The sleeve 5 is sleeved on the heat exchange tubes 3 to form a tube bundle. The sleeve 5 is provided with support holes for each heat exchange tube 3 to pass through. The periphery of the sleeve 5 does not contact the inner cavity of the shell 1. The sleeve 5 can be installed vertically or at an angle.

[0041] The shell-side inlets 11 are located on the upper part of the shell 1 and are arranged in multiple axial directions. The shell-side outlets 12 are located on the lower part of the shell 1 and are arranged in multiple axial directions. The shell-side inlets 11 and shell-side outlets 12 can be arranged at equal intervals or at non-equal intervals. The shell-side inlets 11 and shell-side outlets 12 can be aligned vertically or staggered. The number of shell-side inlets 11 and shell-side outlets 12 can be the same or different. In Figures 1 to 4, the number of shell-side inlets 11 and shell-side outlets 12 is the same, while in Figure 5, the number of shell-side inlets 11 and shell-side outlets 12 is different.

[0042] This invention employs a cross-flow arrangement, with the shell-side inlet 11 located at the top and the shell-side outlet 12 located at the bottom. This ensures that the main flow direction of the shell-side gas is approximately radial to the shell 1. Compared to the counter-flow heat exchange in existing heat exchangers where gas enters from one end of the shell and exits from the other, the shell-side gas flow path is shorter, reducing the pressure drop of the shell-side gas. The multiple inlets and outlets in the shell-side allow for a larger gas throughput, solving the requirement for low pressure drop in heat exchangers during compressed air energy storage due to high gas throughput, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the energy storage system.

[0043] Preferably, the tube inlet 41 is located at the lower part, and the tube outlet 42 is located at the upper part.

[0044] Preferably, the heat exchange tube 3 has a straight tube structure, and tube sheets 2 are provided at both ends of the heat exchange tube 3, with a tube end cap 4 provided on each side of the two tube sheets 2 facing away from each other.

[0045] Preferably, the tube inlet 41 and the tube outlet 42 are located on different tube end caps 4.

[0046] In Example 1, the tube-side medium flows in from the tube-side inlet 41 on one side of the tube-side end cap 4, then passes through the heat exchange tube 3, and flows out from the tube-side outlet 42 on the other side of the tube-side end cap 4.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] Based on Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 2, an even number of inlet partitions 43 are provided along the height direction inside the tube end cap 4 where the tube inlet 41 is located. The inlet partitions 43 divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap 4 into several inlet partition cavities 44.

[0049] The tube end cap 4 where the tube outlet 42 is located has a number of outlet partitions 45 arranged along the height direction, which is the same as the number of inlet partitions 43. The outlet partitions 45 divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap 4 into a number of outlet partition cavities 46.

[0050] All inlet partition chambers 44, outlet partition chambers 46, and heat exchange tubes 3 form a serpentine tube-side medium flow channel. The serpentine tube-side medium flow channel is formed by limiting the height of the inlet partition plate 43 and the outlet partition plate 45.

[0051] Preferably, the number of the inlet partition 43 is 0 to 8.

[0052] In Figure 2, two inlet partitions 43 and two outlet partitions 45 are provided. The two inlet partitions 43 divide the tube end cap 4 where the tube inlet 41 is located into three inlet partition chambers 44, which are the first inlet partition chamber, the second inlet partition chamber, and the third inlet partition chamber from bottom to top. The two outlet partitions 45 divide the tube end cap 4 where the tube outlet 42 is located into three outlet partition chambers 46, which are the first outlet partition chamber, the second outlet partition chamber, and the third outlet partition chamber from bottom to top.

[0053] The tube-side medium flows into the first inlet partition chamber from the tube-side inlet 41, then enters the first outlet partition chamber through the corresponding heat exchange tube 3, then enters the second inlet partition chamber through the corresponding heat exchange tube 3, then enters the second outlet partition chamber through the corresponding heat exchange tube 3, then enters the third inlet partition chamber through the corresponding heat exchange tube 3, then enters the third outlet partition chamber through the corresponding heat exchange tube 3, and finally flows out from the tube-side outlet 42.

[0054] The inlet baffle 43 and outlet baffle 45 enable the tube-side medium to flow in a serpentine manner, increasing the flow path of the tube-side medium and improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] Unlike in Embodiment 1, the tube inlet 41 and the tube outlet 42 are located on the same tube end cap 4, which is the first end cap and the other tube end cap 4 is the second end cap;

[0057] An odd number of inlet partitions 43 are provided inside the first end cap along the height direction. The inlet partitions 43 divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap 4 into several inlet partition cavities 44.

[0058] The second end cap has an outlet partition 45 arranged along the height direction. The number of outlet partitions 45 is one less than the number of inlet partitions 43. The outlet partitions 45 divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap 4 into several outlet partition cavities 46.

[0059] All inlet partition chambers 44, outlet partition chambers 46, and heat exchange tubes 3 form a serpentine tube-side medium flow channel. The serpentine tube-side medium flow channel is formed by limiting the height of the inlet partition plate 43 and the outlet partition plate 45.

[0060] Preferably, the number of the inlet partition 43 is 1 to 7.

[0061] When an inlet partition 43 is provided inside the first head, no outlet partition 45 is provided inside the second head.

[0062] In Figure 3, there is one inlet partition 43 and no outlet partition 45. The inlet partition 43 divides the tube end cap 4 where the tube inlet 41 is located into two inlet partition cavities 44, which are the first inlet partition cavity and the second inlet partition cavity from bottom to top.

[0063] The tube-side medium flows into the first inlet partition chamber from the tube-side inlet 41, then enters the inner cavity of the second head through the corresponding heat exchange tube 3, then enters the second inlet partition chamber through the corresponding heat exchange tube 3, and finally flows out from the tube-side outlet 42.

[0064] The inlet baffle 43 and outlet baffle 45 enable the tube-side medium to be deflected, increasing the flow path of the tube-side medium and improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] Example 4:

[0066] Unlike in Example 1, as shown in Figure 4, the heat exchange tube 3 has a U-shaped bend structure, and the tube sheet 2 and the tube end cap 4 are both one.

[0067] Example 5:

[0068] Based on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, or Embodiment 4, the sleeve 5 has a planar structure or a window-type fin structure. The window of the window-type fin structure is smaller, resulting in less resistance to fluid flow. The window-type fins also contain more surface area, enabling the heat exchanger to transfer heat more efficiently. Sleeves employing the window-type fin structure are shown in Figures 6 to 8.

[0069] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, they are not intended to limit the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger, characterized in that, The assembly includes a shell (1), a tube sheet (2), heat exchange tubes (3), tube end caps (4), tube inlets (41), tube outlets (42), sleeves (5), shell inlets (11), and shell outlets (12). The heat exchange tubes (3) are disposed inside the shell (1) through the tube sheet (2). The tube end caps (4) are disposed on the side of the tube sheet (2) facing away from the heat exchange tubes (3). The tube inlets (41) and tube outlets (42) are disposed on the tube end caps (4). The sleeves (5) are sleeved on the heat exchange tubes (3) and together with the heat exchange tubes (3) form a tube bundle. The shell inlets (11) are disposed on the upper part of the shell (1) and are arranged in multiple axial directions. The shell outlets (12) are disposed on the lower part of the shell (1) and are arranged in multiple axial directions.

2. The cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tube inlet (41) is located at the bottom, and the tube outlet (42) is located at the top.

3. The cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange tube (3) has a straight tube structure, and tube sheets (2) are provided at both ends of the heat exchange tube (3). A tube end cap (4) is provided on each side of the two tube sheets (2) facing away from each other.

4. The cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The tube inlet (41) and tube outlet (42) are located on different tube heads (4).

5. The cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 4, characterized in that, An even number of inlet partitions (43) are provided along the height direction inside the tube end cap (4) where the tube inlet (41) is located. The inlet partitions (43) divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap (4) into several inlet partition cavities (44). An even number of outlet partitions (45) are provided along the height direction inside the tube end cap (4) where the tube outlet (42) is located. The number of outlet partitions (45) is the same as the number of inlet partitions (43). The outlet partitions (45) divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap (4) into several outlet partition cavities (46). All inlet partition cavities (44), outlet partition cavities (46), and heat exchange tubes (3) form a serpentine tube medium flow channel.

6. The cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the inlet partition (43) is 0 to 8.

7. The cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The tube inlet (41) and tube outlet (42) are located on the same tube end cap (4), which is the first end cap and the other tube end cap (4) is the second end cap. An odd number of inlet partitions (43) are arranged along the height direction inside the first end cap. The inlet partitions (43) divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap (4) into several inlet partition cavities (44). An outlet partition (45) is arranged along the height direction inside the second end cap. The number of outlet partitions (45) is one less than the number of inlet partitions (43). The outlet partitions (45) divide the inner cavity of the corresponding tube end cap (4) into several outlet partition cavities (46). All inlet partition cavities (44), outlet partition cavities (46), and heat exchange tubes (3) form a serpentine tube medium flow channel.

8. The cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The number of the inlet partition (43) is 1 to 7.

9. The cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange tube (3) has a U-shaped bend structure, and the tube sheet (2) and the tube end cap (4) are both one.

10. The cross-flow plate-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve (5) has a planar structure or a windowed fin structure.

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