Farmland microclimate multi-element automatic acquisition device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of farmland ecological meteorological monitoring, and particularly discloses a farmland microclimate multi-element automatic acquisition device which comprises a cement base arranged in a farmland, a stainless steel stand column is fixed on the cement base, and a telescopic piece is arranged at the top end of the stainless steel stand column. Two connecting rods are transversely arranged at the upper end of the telescopic piece, and a data collecting assembly is arranged on the stainless steel stand column. The utility model aims to realize the purposes of stable and reliable data transmission, high equipment integration level and low consumption in the use process of a large-area farmland, obviously reduces the application cost, can automatically collect the farmland microclimate in all directions, and provides powerful data support for accurately controlling agricultural production and cultivation.

Description

An automatic data acquisition device for multi-element microclimate in farmland Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of farmland ecological meteorological monitoring technology, specifically to an automatic data acquisition device for multiple elements of farmland microclimate. Background Technology

[0002] Farmland climate and soil environment, including temperature, humidity, moisture, salinity, wind direction, wind speed, light intensity, and pests and diseases, significantly affect crop growth and yield. For example, soil moisture content significantly affects soil physicochemical properties, which in turn affects salt dissolution, plant absorption of water and ions, and microbial activity. Pests and diseases, on the other hand, damage the structure of crops such as roots, stems, and leaves, leading to loss of crop function and cessation of growth and development, severely impacting crop yield.

[0003] With the acceleration of global agricultural modernization, traditional agricultural production models, relying heavily on manpower and experience, struggle to accurately control key parameters of the crop growth environment (such as temperature, humidity, light, and soil moisture), leading to low resource utilization efficiency and weak resilience. In the past, farmland management was largely based on macro-meteorological data or manual experience, lacking real-time monitoring and analysis of local microclimates. For example, traditional ground-based observation methods have limited coverage, delayed data collection, and inconsistent equipment standards, failing to meet the refined needs of different crops and regions. Therefore, studying the differences in farmland climate to guide crop planting methods and to predict crop growth and pest and disease occurrence in advance is crucial for improving crop yields. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of this utility model is to ensure stable and reliable data transmission, high equipment integration and low equipment consumption during large-scale farmland use, significantly reducing application costs, and to automatically collect farmland microclimate data in all aspects, providing strong data support for precise control of agricultural production and cultivation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] An automatic data acquisition device for multi-element microclimate data in farmland includes a cement base set in the farmland, a stainless steel column fixed on the cement base, a telescopic component at the top of the stainless steel column, two connecting rods horizontally arranged at the upper end of the telescopic component, and a data acquisition component on the stainless steel column.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the data acquisition component includes a distribution box and a photovoltaic panel disposed in the middle of a stainless steel column. The distribution box is equipped with an Internet of Things communication module, a data acquisition device, a battery, a LoRa data acquisition gateway, and a signal receiving antenna.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a crop canopy temperature and humidity sensor, a crop stem temperature and humidity sensor, and a crop root temperature and humidity sensor are sequentially arranged on one side of the lower end of the stainless steel column.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module is arranged around the stainless steel column.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the bottom of both the LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module and the stainless steel column are equipped with soil moisture sensors, soil temperature sensors, soil pH sensors and soil EC sensors.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model, an intelligent monitoring camera is provided at one end of the connecting rod located at the top, and a downlink shortwave radiation sensor and an uplink shortwave radiation sensor are provided at the other end.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a hyperspectral phenology camera is provided at one end of the connecting rod located below, and an air temperature and humidity sensor is provided at the other end.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this invention, a wind speed and direction sensor is provided at the top of the telescopic component.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] This invention utilizes a series of devices, including two connecting rods on a telescopic component, to adjust the monitoring height according to the growth of plants in the farmland, achieving dynamic balance. It measures temperature and humidity data at corresponding locations on the crops using temperature and humidity sensors on the crop canopy, stems, and roots. A hyperspectral phenological camera analyzes agricultural parameters in the visible and near-infrared spectral bands, while an intelligent monitoring camera analyzes planting density, flower color, and pest and disease conditions. A battery provides power to the device. In large-scale farmland use, data transmission is stable and reliable. The high integration of the equipment and low component usage significantly reduce application costs. Furthermore, it can automatically collect comprehensive data on the farmland microclimate, providing strong data support for precise control of agricultural production and cultivation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the soil parameter acquisition module of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-Wind speed and direction sensor; 2-Downlink shortwave radiation sensor; 3-Uplink shortwave radiation sensor; 4-Air temperature and humidity sensor; 5-Extension component; 6-Power distribution box; 7-IoT communication module; 8-Data acquisition unit; 9-Battery; 10-Crop canopy temperature and humidity sensor; 11-Crop stem temperature and humidity sensor; 12-Crop root temperature and humidity sensor; 13-Cement base; 14-Soil moisture sensor; 15-Soil temperature sensor; 16-Soil pH sensor; 17-Soil EC sensor; 18-Stainless steel column; 19-Photovoltaic panel; 20-LORA data acquisition gateway; 21-Signal receiving antenna; 22-Hyperspectral phenology camera; 23-Smart monitoring camera; 24-Connecting rod; 25-LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-2. An automatic data acquisition device for multi-element microclimate in farmland includes a cement base 13 set in the farmland, a stainless steel column 18 fixed on the cement base 13, a telescopic component 5 at the top of the stainless steel column 18, two connecting rods 24 arranged horizontally at the upper end of the telescopic component 5, and a data acquisition component on the stainless steel column 18.

[0023] Specifically, in use, the cement base 13 is set in the farmland, and then the stainless steel column 18 is fixed on the cement base 13. Then, multiple LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition modules 25 are installed about 1km away from the stainless steel column 18, and data is transmitted once every 1 minute using spread spectrum technology. After installation, the telescopic component 5 can adjust the monitoring height according to the growth of the crops to achieve dynamic balance.

[0024] The data acquisition component includes a distribution box 6 and a photovoltaic panel 19 located in the middle of a stainless steel column 18. The distribution box 6 is equipped with an Internet of Things communication module 7, a data acquisition device 8, a battery 9, a LoRa data acquisition gateway 20, and a signal receiving antenna 21.

[0025] Furthermore, the battery 9 provides a continuous and stable power supply for all electrical equipment on the stainless steel column 18. Depending on the type of crop, the photovoltaic panel 19 and the distribution box 6 are both higher than the top of the crop, which is conducive to the photovoltaic panel 19 being fully exposed to sunlight, ensuring that the battery supplies power for a long time, completing the long-term automatic data collection task, and accurately collecting data from a higher position.

[0026] The LORA data acquisition gateway 20 wirelessly collects data from the surrounding LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module 25 and transmits it to a remote location via the IoT communication module 7. The data acquisition device 8, LORA data acquisition gateway 20, hyperspectral phenology camera 22, and smart monitoring camera 23 are connected to the IoT communication module 7 via network cables, sending simple data and video data to the IoT platform.

[0027] The lower end of the stainless steel column 18 is equipped with a crop canopy temperature and humidity sensor 10, a crop stem temperature and humidity sensor 11, and a crop root temperature and humidity sensor 12, arranged sequentially on one side. The crop canopy temperature and humidity sensor 10, the crop stem temperature and humidity sensor 11, and the crop root temperature and humidity sensor 12 are used to measure the temperature and humidity data of the corresponding locations of the crops.

[0028] The stainless steel column 18 is surrounded by a LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module 25. Soil moisture sensor 14, soil temperature sensor 15, soil pH sensor 16, and soil EC sensor 17 are installed at the bottom of both the LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module 25 and the stainless steel column 18. The LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module 25 has a built-in high-capacity lithium battery, can be set to low-power operation, uploads data once per minute, and can work continuously for many years without battery replacement.

[0029] Specifically, the LORA data acquisition gateway 20 and the LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module 25 use spread spectrum communication technology to modulate the original signal into a broadband signal with three channels. Multiple transmission signals occupy the same channel without interfering with each other, thus enhancing the stability of the link communication.

[0030] The upper connecting rod 24 is equipped with an intelligent monitoring camera 23 at one end and a down-going shortwave radiation sensor 2 and an up-going shortwave radiation sensor 3 at the other end. The lower connecting rod 24 is equipped with a hyperspectral phenology camera 22 at one end and an air temperature and humidity sensor 4 at the other end. The top of the telescopic component 5 is equipped with a wind speed and direction sensor 1.

[0031] The data acquisition unit 8 collects all sensor data via wired connection and transmits it to a remote location through the IoT communication module 7. Wind speed and direction sensor 1, downlink shortwave radiation sensor 2, uplink shortwave radiation sensor 3, air temperature and humidity sensor 4, hyperspectral phenology camera 22, and intelligent monitoring camera 23 monitor the environment and crop growth status of the crop planting area.

[0032] Uplink and downlink shortwave radiation sensors can measure crop photosynthesis, weather changes, and crop growth; hyperspectral phenology camera 22 can analyze agricultural parameters in the visible and near-infrared spectral bands; and intelligent monitoring camera 23 can analyze crop planting density, flower color, and pest and disease conditions. The four sensors are connected via wired connection to the RS-485 interface of data acquisition unit 8, while hyperspectral phenology camera 22 and intelligent monitoring camera 23 are directly connected to the IoT communication module 7 via network cable.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the sensors and other components involved in this utility model are all general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. In the idle space of this device, all the above-mentioned electrical components, which refer to power elements, electrical components, and the adapted controller and power supply, are connected by wires. The specific connection methods should refer to the working principle of this utility model. The electrical connections between each electrical component are completed in the order of operation. The detailed connection methods are all technologies known in the art.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic data acquisition device for multiple elements of farmland microclimate, comprising a cement base (13) installed in the farmland, characterized in that, A stainless steel column (18) is fixed on the cement base (13). A telescopic component (5) is provided at the top of the stainless steel column (18). Two connecting rods (24) are arranged horizontally at the upper end of the telescopic component (5). A data acquisition component is provided on the stainless steel column (18).

2. The automatic data acquisition device for multiple elements of farmland microclimate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition component includes a distribution box (6) and a photovoltaic panel (19) located in the middle of a stainless steel column (18). The distribution box (6) is equipped with an Internet of Things communication module (7), a data acquisition device (8), a battery (9), a LORA data acquisition gateway (20), and a signal receiving antenna (21). 3.The farmland microclimate multi-element automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the stainless steel column (18) is provided with a crop canopy temperature and humidity sensor (10), a crop stem temperature and humidity sensor (11), and a crop root temperature and humidity sensor (12).

4. The automatic data acquisition device for multiple elements of farmland microclimate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stainless steel column (18) is surrounded by a LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module (25).

5. The automatic data acquisition device for multiple elements of farmland microclimate according to claim 4, characterized in that, Soil moisture sensor (14), soil temperature sensor (15), soil pH sensor (16) and soil EC sensor (17) are both installed at the bottom of the LORA wireless soil parameter acquisition module (25) and the stainless steel column (18).

6. The automatic data acquisition device for multiple elements of farmland microclimate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (24) located at the top is equipped with an intelligent monitoring camera (23) at one end and a downlink shortwave radiation sensor (2) and an uplink shortwave radiation sensor (3) at the other end.

7. The automatic data acquisition device for multiple elements of farmland microclimate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (24) located below is equipped with a hyperspectral phenology camera (22) at one end and an air temperature and humidity sensor (4) at the other end. 8.The farmland microclimate multi-element automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A wind speed and direction sensor (1) is provided at the top of the telescopic component (5).

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