The invention discloses an avionics system suitable for a multi-purpose unmanned aircraft. A 1553B dual-redundancy bus framework is adopted in the avionics system. The avionics system consists of a main processor unit, a universal interface unit, a 1553B bus, a mass memory, an airborne monitoring terminal, a task load, an execution mechanism and a sensor assembly. The devices have the connection relationships that: the main processor unit, the universal interface unit, the mass memory, the airborne monitoring terminal and the task load are connected with the 1553B bus through a 1553B special electric connector, and the 1553B special electric connector serving as a bus module connects all the devices attached to the bus together; a steering engine controller is connected with the universalinterface unit through an RS422 interface; and the sensor assembly is connected to the universal interface unit through interfaces of serial RS422/RS232/RS485, an ARINC429 bus, a CAN, analogue AD/DA and discrete DIO and the like. The avionics system has the characteristics of strong multi-task expandability, multi-redundancy high reliability, rich data interfaces and strong calculation and processing capabilities, and can well meet the application requirement of 'one platform and multiple purposes' of the unmanned aircraft.