Over-current protection circuit applied to energy storage converter and energy storage converter

Abstract

The utility model discloses an over-current protection circuit applied to an energy storage converter and the energy storage converter, and the over-current protection circuit comprises a detection module which is connected to a DC side loop of the energy storage converter and is used for detecting the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter; the explosion fuse is connected to a direct current side loop of the energy storage converter; and the fusing trigger module is connected with the detection module and the explosion fuse, and is used for triggering the explosion fuse to fuse when the detection module detects that the charging and discharging current of the direct current side of the energy storage converter exceeds a preset protection value, so that the direct current side loop of the energy storage converter is disconnected. The overcurrent protection current can prevent the fuse in the PACK battery pack of the energy storage system from being fused when overcurrent occurs in the energy storage converter, so that the protection of the energy storage system is prevented from being disordered, and the safety and reliability of the system are improved.

Description

Overcurrent protection circuits applied to energy storage converters and energy storage converters Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage converter technology, and in particular to an overcurrent protection circuit for energy storage converters and an energy storage converter. Background Technology

[0002] In energy storage systems, fuses are selected on the DC side of the energy storage converter for short-circuit and overcurrent protection. The battery packs within the energy storage system are also equipped with batteries and fuses for battery protection. Generally, the battery pack fuses do not easily blow for protection unless absolutely necessary. Currently, energy storage converters often use Class A fuses for short-circuit protection. Their fusing time constant is larger than that of the fuses in the battery pack. When a short circuit occurs in the energy storage converter, the fuses in the converter take longer to activate, potentially leading to situations where the fuses in the battery pack blow first while the fuses in the energy storage converter fail to blow, causing malfunctions in the energy storage system's protection mechanisms. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This utility model provides an overcurrent protection circuit and an energy storage converter for use in energy storage converters, solving the problem that the fuse in the PACK battery pack blows first when the energy storage converter experiences overcurrent in the energy storage system.

[0004] In a first aspect, this utility model provides an overcurrent protection circuit for an energy storage converter, comprising: a detection module connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter for detecting the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter; an explosive fuse connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter; and a fuse triggering module connected to the detection module and the explosive fuse for triggering the explosive fuse to blow when the detection module detects that the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter exceeds a preset protection value, thereby disconnecting the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter.

[0005] In the overcurrent protection circuit provided in this embodiment of the utility model, the fuse triggering module includes a driving module and a triggering module. The driving module is connected to the detection module, and the triggering module is connected to the driving module and the explosive fuse. The driving module outputs a level signal to drive the triggering module to trigger the explosive fuse to blow when the detection module detects that the charging and discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter exceeds a preset protection value.

[0006] In the overcurrent protection circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention, the driving module includes a first comparator, the non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to a first power supply, the inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the detection module, and the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the trigger module and connected to the first power supply.

[0007] In the overcurrent protection circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention, the trigger module includes a first MOS transistor, the gate of the first MOS transistor is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator, the drain of the first MOS transistor is connected to the exploding fuse, and the drain of the first MOS transistor is grounded.

[0008] In the overcurrent protection circuit provided in this embodiment of the utility model, the detection module includes a current sampling module and an overcurrent detection module. The current sampling module is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter, and the overcurrent detection module is connected to the current sampling module and the fuse triggering module. The current sampling module collects the current on the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter, and the overcurrent detection module performs overcurrent judgment on the current collected by the current sampling module. When an overcurrent is determined, the module outputs a level signal to drive the fuse triggering module to trigger the explosive fuse to blow.

[0009] In the overcurrent protection circuit provided in this embodiment of the utility model, the current sampling module includes a first operational amplifier and a first resistor. The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter, and the inverting input terminal is connected to the output terminal through the first resistor. The overcurrent detection module is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier. The first operational amplifier is powered by a first power supply.

[0010] In the overcurrent protection circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention, the overcurrent detection module includes a second comparator and a third comparator. The non-inverting input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the inverting input terminal of the third comparator and is connected to the output terminal of the current sampling module. The inverting input terminal of the second comparator and the non-inverting input terminal of the third comparator are connected to a preset overcurrent threshold signal. The output terminals of the second comparator and the third comparator are connected to the fuse trigger module and the first power supply. The second comparator and the third comparator are both powered by the first power supply.

[0011] In the overcurrent protection circuit provided in this embodiment of the utility model, the overcurrent protection circuit further includes an anti-accidental contact module, which is connected between the drive module and the trigger module. The anti-accidental contact module is used to clamp the output level of the drive module when the energy storage converter is powered on or off, so as to prevent the trigger module from triggering the explosive fuse to blow.

[0012] In the overcurrent protection circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention, the anti-accidental touch module includes a Zener diode, a first transistor, and a second transistor. The cathode of the Zener diode is connected to the base of the first transistor and connected to a first power supply. The anode of the Zener diode is connected to the base of the second transistor. The collector of the second transistor is connected to the base of the first transistor. The emitter of the second transistor is grounded. The collector of the first transistor is connected between the driving module and the triggering module. The emitter of the first transistor is grounded.

[0013] Secondly, this utility model provides an energy storage converter that includes the overcurrent protection circuit described in the first aspect.

[0014] This utility model provides an overcurrent protection circuit and an energy storage converter for use in an energy storage converter. The overcurrent protection circuit includes a detection module, an explosive fuse, and a fuse triggering module. The detection module is connected to the DC-side circuit of the energy storage converter and is used to detect the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter. The explosive fuse is connected to the DC-side circuit of the energy storage converter. The fuse triggering module is connected to the detection module and the explosive fuse and is used to trigger the explosive fuse to blow when the detection module detects that the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter exceeds a preset protection value, thereby disconnecting the DC-side circuit of the energy storage converter. The overcurrent protection circuit of this application uses an explosive fuse connected to the DC-side circuit of the energy storage converter for overcurrent protection. The detection module detects the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter. When an overcurrent occurs inside the energy storage converter system, the fuse triggering module triggers the explosive fuse to blow before the fuse in the PACK battery pack, avoiding protection errors in the energy storage system and improving the safety and reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of the overcurrent protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a partial circuit diagram of the overcurrent protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the current sampling module provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the overcurrent detection module provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of the overcurrent feedback module provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0021] The labels for the attached figures are as follows:

[0022] 10. Detection module; 11. Current sampling module; 12. Overcurrent detection module; 20. Exploding fuse; 30. Fuse triggering module; 31. Drive module; 32. Triggering module; 40. Anti-accidental touch module; 50. Overcurrent feedback module; 200. Energy storage converter. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] The directional terms used in this invention, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and "side," are merely for reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for explanation and understanding of this invention, and not for limiting it. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, structures that are similar or identical are indicated by the same reference numerals.

[0025] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, the overcurrent protection circuit applied to an energy storage converter provided in the embodiments of this utility model will first be described. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the overcurrent protection circuit includes: a detection module 10 connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200, used to detect the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter 200; an explosive fuse 20 connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200; and a fuse triggering module 30 connected to the detection module 10 and the explosive fuse 20, used to trigger the explosive fuse 20 to blow when the detection module 10 detects that the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter 200 exceeds a preset protection value, thereby disconnecting the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200.

[0026] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0027] Currently, in energy storage systems, power conversion systems (PCS) typically use fuses on the DC side for short-circuit and overcurrent protection, often employing Class A fuses. The battery pack in an energy storage system combines multiple individual cells into a complete battery system, usually consisting of batteries, a battery management system (BMS), etc., and the battery pack itself contains fuses for battery protection. Under normal circumstances, when a short-circuit and overcurrent occurs in the power conversion system, its internal fuse will blow to provide protection. The battery pack fuses only blow in cases of internal short circuits within the battery system. However, in current energy storage systems, the fuse time constant of the power conversion system's fuse is larger than that of the fuse in the battery pack. In abnormal situations where a short-circuit and overcurrent occurs in the power conversion system, the fuse's effective time is longer. This can easily lead to a situation where the fuse in the battery pack blows first, while the fuse in the power conversion system fails to blow, causing malfunctions in the energy storage system's protection mechanisms.

[0028] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides an overcurrent protection circuit for energy storage converters, the specific concept of which is as follows:

[0029] The overcurrent protection circuit of this application includes a detection module 10, an explosive fuse 20, and a fuse triggering module 30. The detection module 10 is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200 and is used to detect the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter 200. The explosive fuse 20 is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200. The fuse triggering module 30 is connected to the detection module 10 and the explosive fuse 20 and is used to trigger the explosive fuse 20 to blow when the detection module 10 detects that the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter 200 exceeds a preset protection value, so as to disconnect the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200.

[0030] In practical implementation, during normal operation of the energy storage system, the battery pack provides DC power output. This DC power is distributed via the energy storage converter 200, which converts DC power to AC power. The energy storage converter 200 has two modes: charging and discharging. In discharging mode, it converts DC power from the battery pack into AC power for use by the power grid or load. In charging mode, it converts AC power from the grid into DC power to charge and store energy in the battery pack. The detection module 10 is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200 in the energy storage system, specifically to the DC bus of the energy storage converter 200. It is used to detect the charging and discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter 200, i.e., the charging and discharging current of the battery pack, thereby determining whether an overcurrent has occurred in the energy storage converter 200. The explosive fuse 20 is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200, specifically to the DC bus of the energy storage converter 200. The explosive fuse 20, also known as a high-temperature fuse or pyrotechnic control switch, is a device that cuts off the circuit by detonating gunpowder. The explosive fuse 20 is detonated by a trigger signal to detonate the internal gunpowder, and the entire process from triggering to detonation takes place in milliseconds. The fuse triggering module 30 is connected to the detection module 10 and the explosive fuse 20. It can trigger the explosive fuse 20 to blow when the detection module 10 detects that the charging and discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter 200 exceeds the preset protection value. Specifically, in practical applications, when the battery current experiences charging or discharging overcurrent, the detection module 10 detects that the charging and discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter 200 exceeds the preset protection threshold and outputs a signal to the fuse triggering module 30. After receiving the signal from the detection module 10, the fuse triggering module 30 generates a trigger signal to trigger the explosive fuse 20 to blow rapidly, thereby disconnecting the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200 and realizing overcurrent protection for the energy storage converter 200. From the detection module 10 detecting the overcurrent to triggering the explosive fuse 20 to blow, the entire process is in the millisecond range, effectively preventing the fuses in the battery pack from blowing when the energy storage converter 200 system experiences overcurrent.

[0031] In this embodiment, the overcurrent protection circuit uses an explosive fuse connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter for overcurrent protection. The charging and discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter is detected by the detection module. When an overcurrent occurs inside the energy storage converter system, the explosive fuse is triggered by the fuse triggering module to blow before the fuse in the PACK battery pack, thus avoiding the protection of the energy storage system from going wrong and improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0032] In one embodiment, referring to FIG1, the fuse triggering module 30 includes a drive module 31 and a triggering module 32. The drive module 31 is connected to the detection module 10, and the triggering module 32 is connected to the drive module 31 and the explosive fuse 20. The drive module 31 outputs a level signal to drive the triggering module 32 to trigger the explosive fuse 20 to blow when the detection module 10 detects that the charging / discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter 200 exceeds a preset protection value. Specifically, the fuse triggering module 30 mainly consists of two modules: the drive module 31 and the triggering module 32. The drive module 31 is connected to the detection module 10, while the triggering module 32 is connected to the explosive fuse 20. The triggering module 32 directly triggers the blowing action of the explosive fuse 20, and the drive module 31 outputs a level signal to drive the triggering module 32 to trigger the explosive fuse 20 to blow when the detection module 10 detects that the charging / discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter 200 exceeds a preset protection value. Specifically, when the detection module 10 detects that the charging and discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter 200 exceeds the preset protection value, i.e., an overcurrent occurs, it sends an overcurrent signal to the drive module 31. After receiving the overcurrent signal, the drive module 31 generates a high level to drive the trigger module 32 to generate a trigger signal to the explosive fuse 20, which detonates the explosive inside the explosive fuse 20, thereby melting the explosive fuse 20 and achieving protection.

[0033] Further, referring to Figure 2, the driving module 31 includes a first comparator U1. The non-inverting input of the first comparator U1 is connected to a first power supply, the inverting input of the first comparator U1 is connected to the detection module 10, and the output of the first comparator U1 is connected to the trigger module 32 and connected to the first power supply. In a specific implementation, the driving module 31 is mainly composed of the first comparator U1. The first power supply is grounded through two series-connected voltage divider resistors R9. The non-inverting input of the first comparator U1 is connected between the two voltage divider resistors, that is, connected to the first power supply through one of the resistors R9. Typically, the energy storage converter 200 internally has different power supply levels such as 24VDC, 12VDC, 5VDC, 3.3VDC, and -12VDC, depending on the power supply requirements of each component, as well as commonly used power supplies such as the required reference power supply. These power supplies first pass through the DC-DC switching converter of the energy storage converter 200 to convert the DC bus or AC grid into the required low-voltage power supply, and then pass through the power management chip to convert it into the corresponding power supply. Here, the first power supply is the power supply obtained after conversion by the power management chip, and the first comparator U1 can be powered by the first power supply. The inverting input terminal of the first comparator U1 is connected to the detection module 10 to receive the overcurrent signal output by the detection module 10. The output terminal of the first comparator U1 is connected to the trigger module 32 and the first power supply through resistors R4, R5, and R6, respectively. The output terminal of the first comparator U1 is used to drive the trigger module 32. In practical applications, the first power supply provides a stable reference voltage to the non-inverting input of the first comparator U1. When the energy storage converter 200 is operating normally, the DC side charging and discharging current is within the normal range, the output of the first comparator U1 is 0, and the trigger module 32 does not perform the triggering action. When the battery current exceeds the preset protection value, the output of the first comparator U1 outputs a high-impedance state, and the high-level output drives the trigger module 32 to trigger the blowing action of the explosive fuse 20, so that the explosive fuse 20 melts quickly and achieves protection.

[0034] In one embodiment, referring to FIG2, the trigger module 32 includes a first MOSFET Q3. The gate of the first MOSFET Q3 is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator U1, the drain of the first MOSFET Q3 is connected to the explosive fuse 20, and the drain of the first MOSFET Q3 is grounded. Specifically, the trigger module 32 is mainly composed of the first MOSFET Q3. The gate of the first MOSFET Q3 is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator U1 via resistors R4 and R6. The drain of the first MOSFET Q3 is connected to the explosive fuse 20, and the drain of the first MOSFET Q3 is grounded. In practical applications, when the energy storage converter 200 experiences overcurrent, the output terminal of the first comparator U1 outputs a high-impedance state. The first power supply drives the first MOSFET Q3 to conduct. The power supply 1 passes through the explosive fuse 20 and the first MOSFET Q3 to ground, forming a circuit, thereby triggering the explosive fuse 20 to blow, achieving protection.

[0035] In one embodiment, referring to FIG1, the detection module 10 includes a current sampling module 11 and an overcurrent detection module 12. The current sampling module 11 is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200, and the overcurrent detection module 12 is connected to the current sampling module 11 and the fuse triggering module 30. The current sampling module 11 collects the current on the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200, and the overcurrent detection module 12 performs overcurrent judgment on the current collected by the current sampling module 11. When an overcurrent is determined, the overcurrent detection module 12 outputs a level signal to drive the fuse triggering module 30 to trigger the explosive fuse 20 to blow. In specific implementation, the detection module 10 mainly consists of a current sampling module 11 and an overcurrent detection module 12. The current sampling module 11 is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200, specifically to the DC bus of the energy storage converter 200, and is used to collect the current on the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200. The overcurrent detection module 12 is connected to the current sampling module 11 and the fuse triggering module 30, and is used to judge the overcurrent based on the current collected by the current sampling module 11. When an overcurrent is determined, the module outputs a level signal to drive the fuse triggering module 30 to trigger the explosive fuse 20 to blow. Specifically, the current sampling module 11 collects the current of the DC bus of the energy storage converter 200 and sends the sampled data to the overcurrent detection module 12 for overcurrent judgment. The overcurrent detection module 12 can determine whether there is an overcurrent according to the set judgment logic. When an overcurrent is determined, the module outputs a level signal to drive the fuse triggering module 30 to trigger the explosive fuse 20 to blow, thereby realizing overcurrent protection.

[0036] Further, referring to Figure 3, the current sampling module 11 includes a first operational amplifier U2 and a first resistor R3. The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U2 is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200, and the inverting input terminal is connected to the output terminal through the first resistor R3. The overcurrent detection module 12 is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U2, wherein the first operational amplifier U2 is powered by a first power supply. In specific implementation, the current sampling module 11 mainly consists of the first operational amplifier U2 and the first resistor R3. The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U2 is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter 200, specifically through a current Hall effect sensor connected to the DC bus of the energy storage converter 200. The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U2 is connected to the output terminal through the first resistor R3, thereby forming a voltage follower that can amplify the signal. The overcurrent detection module 12 is connected to the output of the first operational amplifier U2. The first operational amplifier U2, together with the first resistor R3, amplifies the current signal input at the non-inverting input terminal, and outputs the amplified current signal to the overcurrent detection module 12 for overcurrent detection, making the overcurrent detection more accurate.

[0037] In one embodiment, referring to FIG4, the overcurrent detection module 12 includes a second comparator U3 and a third comparator U4. The non-inverting input terminal of the second comparator U3 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the third comparator U4 and is connected to the output terminal of the current sampling module 11. The inverting input terminal of the second comparator U3 and the non-inverting input terminal of the third comparator U4 are connected to a preset overcurrent threshold signal. The output terminals of the second comparator U3 and the third comparator U4 are connected to the fuse trigger module 30 and the first power supply. The second comparator U3 and the third comparator U4 are both powered by the first power supply. In specific implementation, the overcurrent detection module 12 mainly consists of a dual comparator structure composed of a second comparator U3 and a third comparator U4. The non-inverting input terminal of the second comparator U3 and the inverting input terminal of the third comparator U4 are connected to the output terminal of the current sampling module 11 to receive the overcurrent signal output by the current sampling module 11. The inverting input terminal of the second comparator U3 and the non-inverting input terminal of the third comparator U4 are connected to a preset overcurrent threshold signal. Specifically, a negative signal is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second comparator U3 and a positive signal is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the third comparator U4. The preset overcurrent threshold signal serves as a reference signal for the dual comparators to judge overcurrent. The output terminals of the second comparator U3 and the third comparator U4 are connected to the fuse trigger module 30 and the first power supply. Both the second comparator U3 and the third comparator U4 are powered by the first power supply to ensure the consistency of the system power supply. In practical applications, when the battery pack output current is within the normal range, i.e., when the energy storage converter 200 is not overcurrent, the output of the dual comparators is in a high-impedance state and outputs a high level. When the battery current experiences charging or discharging overcurrent, i.e. when the energy storage converter 200 experiences overcurrent, the output of the dual comparators is 0, and the output of the low level is transmitted as a drive signal to the fuse trigger module 30 to trigger the blowing action of the explosive fuse 20, so that the explosive fuse 20 blows quickly to achieve overcurrent protection.

[0038] In one embodiment, referring to FIG1, the overcurrent protection circuit further includes an anti-accidental triggering module 40, which is connected between the drive module 31 and the trigger module 32. The anti-accidental triggering module 40 is used to clamp the output level of the drive module 31 when the energy storage converter 200 is powered on or off, thereby preventing the trigger module 32 from triggering the explosive fuse 20 to blow. Specifically, the power supply systems of each stage inside the energy storage converter 200 are not synchronized when powered on or off, resulting in a certain delay. Simultaneously, the operating voltages of the comparator and operational amplifier are higher than the drive threshold voltage of the MOSFET. To prevent the first MOSFET Q3 in the trigger module 32 from accidentally triggering the explosive fuse 20 to blow when the first comparator U1 in the drive module 31 is working during power-on or power-off, this embodiment adds an anti-accidental triggering module 40 between the drive module 31 and the trigger module 32. The anti-accidental touch module 40 is connected between the drive module 31 and the trigger module 32. When the energy storage converter 200 is powered on or off, the anti-accidental touch module 40 clamps the output level of the drive module 31 to a level signal that cannot drive the trigger module 32 to perform the triggering action, thereby limiting the trigger module 32 from triggering the explosive fuse 20 to blow, effectively preventing the explosive fuse 20 from blowing accidentally when the system is powered on or off, and improving the reliability of the system.

[0039] Further referring to Figure 2, the anti-accidental touch module 40 includes a Zener diode D1, a first transistor Q4, and a second transistor Q5. The cathode of the Zener diode D1 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q4 and is connected to a first power supply. The anode of the Zener diode D1 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q5. The collector of the second transistor Q5 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q4. The emitter of the second transistor Q5 is grounded. The collector of the first transistor Q4 is connected between the driving module 31 and the trigger module 32. The emitter of the first transistor Q4 is grounded. In specific implementation, the anti-accidental touch module 40 is mainly composed of a Zener diode D1, a first transistor Q4, and a second transistor Q5. The cathode of the Zener diode D1 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q4 through a resistor R3. At the same time, the cathode of the Zener diode D1 is also connected to the first power supply. The anode of the Zener diode D1 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q5 through a resistor R1. The collector of the first transistor Q4 is connected between the drive module 31 and the trigger module 32. The collector of the second transistor Q5 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q4. The emitters of both the first transistor Q4 and the second transistor Q5 are grounded. A resistor R2 and a capacitor C1 are connected in parallel between the base of the second transistor Q5 and ground. In practical applications, when the energy storage converter 200 system is first powered on, the voltage of the first power supply is lower than the threshold voltage of the Zener diode D1, the second transistor Q5 is cut off, thereby turning on the first transistor Q4, clamping the output of the drive module 31 to a low level, ensuring that the trigger module 32 does not trigger the exploding fuse 20, preventing the exploding fuse 20 from being mistakenly triggered by the drive module 31 before the system is powered on and the logic is normal; when the voltage of the first power supply is established and stabilized, the voltage of the first power supply is greater than the threshold voltage of the Zener diode D1, the second transistor Q5 is turned on, thereby turning off the first transistor Q4, the output of the drive module 31 is not clamped, ensuring that the drive logic of the drive module 31 is normal when the system is running normally. When the energy storage converter 200 system is powered down, if the voltage of the first power supply is lower than the threshold voltage of the Zener diode D1, the second transistor Q5 will be cut off, thereby turning on the first transistor Q4. This keeps the output of the drive module 31 clamped at a low level, ensuring that the trigger module 32 does not trigger the exploding fuse 20. The first transistor Q4 will only be cut off when its voltage drops below the turn-on voltage. At this point, the voltage of the first power supply is lower than the turn-on voltage of the first MOSFET Q3 in the trigger module 32, preventing accidental triggering of the exploding fuse 20.

[0040] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the overcurrent protection circuit further includes an overcurrent feedback module 50. The overcurrent feedback module 50 is connected to the output terminal of the overcurrent detection module 12. The overcurrent feedback module 50 generates an overcurrent feedback signal based on the level signal output by the overcurrent detection module 12 and outputs it to the control system of the energy storage converter 200. The feedback module includes a third transistor Q6, a second resistor R11, and a third resistor R12. The base of the third transistor Q6 is connected to the output terminal of the overcurrent detection module 12 through the second resistor R11, the collector is connected to the power supply and the control system of the energy storage converter 200 through the third resistor R12, and the emitter is grounded. In specific implementation, the overcurrent protection circuit also includes an overcurrent feedback module 50. The overcurrent feedback module 50 is connected to the output of the overcurrent detection module 12. Its main function is to generate an overcurrent feedback signal based on the level signal output by the overcurrent detection module 12 and feed it back to the control system MCU of the energy storage converter 200. This allows the control system of the energy storage converter 200 to issue an alarm or perform other protective measures based on the feedback signal from the overcurrent feedback module 50. The overcurrent feedback module 50 mainly consists of a third transistor Q6, a second resistor R11, and a third resistor R12. The base of the third transistor Q6 is connected to the output of the overcurrent detection module 12 through the second resistor R11, and the collector is connected to the power supply through the third resistor R12. This power supply is the same as the power supply used by the MCU inside the energy storage converter 200. The collector of the third transistor Q6 is connected to the MCU of the energy storage converter 200 control system as the output terminal of the overcurrent feedback signal. The collector of the third transistor Q6 is grounded through resistor R13, and resistor R11 and capacitor C5 are connected in parallel between the base and ground. The emitter of the third transistor Q6 is grounded. When the energy storage converter 200 system is normal, the third transistor Q6 is turned on, and the collector of the third transistor Q6 is at a low level, which is fed back to the MCU of the energy storage converter 200 control system. When the energy storage converter 200 experiences an overcurrent, the collector of the third transistor Q6 is at a high level, which is fed back to the MCU of the energy storage converter 200 control system. The energy storage converter 200 control system can determine the overcurrent situation based on the feedback signal and output an alarm or execute corresponding protection measures.

[0041] This utility model also provides an energy storage converter, which includes the overcurrent protection circuit of the above embodiment. The overcurrent protection current is integrated into the energy storage converter system. The detection module 10 of the overcurrent protection circuit is connected to the DC side circuit in the energy storage converter to detect the charging and discharging current. The DC side of the energy storage converter is connected to the PACK battery pack, which provides DC power. The explosive fuse 20 of the overcurrent protection circuit is also connected to the DC side circuit in the energy storage converter, specifically to the DC bus. When an overcurrent occurs in the energy storage converter system, the overcurrent protection circuit triggers the explosive fuse 20 to blow through the fuse trigger module 30, thereby disconnecting the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter and realizing the overcurrent protection of the system. Since the specific structure and working principle of the overcurrent protection circuit have been described in detail in the previous specification, they will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0042] Because the energy storage converter in this embodiment adopts the overcurrent protection circuit of the above embodiment, in practical applications, when an overcurrent occurs in the energy storage converter system, the exploding fuse quickly melts to disconnect the DC side circuit for protection, avoiding the fuse in the battery pack from melting, making it safer and more reliable to use.

[0043] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An overcurrent protection circuit applied to an energy storage converter, characterized in that, include: The detection module is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter and is used to detect the charging and discharging current of the DC side of the energy storage converter. An explosive fuse is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter; a fuse triggering module is connected to the detection module and the explosive fuse, and is used to trigger the explosive fuse to blow when the detection module detects that the charging and discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter exceeds a preset protection value, so as to disconnect the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter.

2. The overcurrent protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuse triggering module includes a drive module and a triggering module. The drive module is connected to the detection module, and the triggering module is connected to the drive module and the explosive fuse. The drive module outputs a level signal to drive the triggering module to trigger the explosive fuse to blow when the detection module detects that the charging and discharging current on the DC side of the energy storage converter exceeds a preset protection value.

3. The overcurrent protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving module includes a first comparator, the non-inverting input of the first comparator is connected to a first power supply, the inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the detection module, and the output of the first comparator is connected to the trigger module and connected to the first power supply.

4. The overcurrent protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The trigger module includes a first MOS transistor, the gate of which is connected to the output of the first comparator, the drain of which is connected to the exploding fuse, and the drain of which is grounded.

5. The overcurrent protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The detection module includes a current sampling module and an overcurrent detection module. The current sampling module is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter, and the overcurrent detection module is connected to the current sampling module and the fuse triggering module. The current sampling module collects the current on the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter, and the overcurrent detection module performs an overcurrent judgment on the current collected by the current sampling module. When an overcurrent is determined, the overcurrent detection module outputs a level signal to drive the fuse triggering module to trigger the explosive fuse to blow.

6. The overcurrent protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The current sampling module includes a first operational amplifier and a first resistor. The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the DC side circuit of the energy storage converter, and the inverting input terminal is connected to the output terminal through the first resistor. The overcurrent detection module is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier. The first operational amplifier is powered by a first power supply.

7. The overcurrent protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The overcurrent detection module includes a second comparator and a third comparator. The non-inverting input of the second comparator is connected to the inverting input of the third comparator and is connected to the output of the current sampling module. The inverting input of the second comparator and the non-inverting input of the third comparator are connected to a preset overcurrent threshold signal. The outputs of the second comparator and the third comparator are connected to the fuse trigger module and the first power supply. Both the second comparator and the third comparator are powered by the first power supply.

8. The overcurrent protection circuit according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The overcurrent protection circuit also includes an anti-accidental contact module, which is connected between the drive module and the trigger module. The anti-accidental contact module is used to clamp the output level of the drive module when the energy storage converter is powered on or off, so as to prevent the trigger module from triggering the explosive fuse to blow.

9. The overcurrent protection circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The anti-accidental touch module includes a Zener diode, a first transistor, and a second transistor. The cathode of the Zener diode is connected to the base of the first transistor and is connected to a first power supply. The anode of the Zener diode is connected to the base of the second transistor. The collector of the second transistor is connected to the base of the first transistor. The emitter of the second transistor is grounded. The collector of the first transistor is connected between the driving module and the triggering module. The emitter of the first transistor is grounded.

10. An energy storage converter, characterized in that, Includes the overcurrent protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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