Double-head hole lapping machine
By designing a double-head grinding machine and adopting mechanized hoisting and rotary processing, the problems of efficiency and safety in grinding the center hole of heavy shaft and gear parts were solved, and efficient and safe mass production was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHAANXI FAST AUTO DRIVE GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
When grinding the center hole of heavy shaft and gear parts, existing technologies present a trade-off between high efficiency and safety, especially in mass production where the labor intensity is high and safety risks exist.
A double-head grinding machine was designed, comprising a vertically arranged bed and guide rails, equipped with a radial limiting mechanism and upper and lower grinding centers, capable of simultaneously machining the center holes at both ends of shaft and gear parts, employing mechanized hoisting and rotary machining to reduce manual operation.
It improves processing efficiency, is applicable to heavy-duty shaft and gear parts of different diameters and lengths, reduces labor intensity and safety risks, and enables efficient and safe processing for mass production.
Smart Images
Figure CN224196585U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of shaft and gear parts processing, and relates to center holes, specifically to a double-head grinding machine. Background Technology
[0002] After heat treatment, the center hole of a shaft-gear part will be used as a locating reference in subsequent processes. Therefore, the precision requirement of the center hole is high. Especially when high-precision external cylindrical grinding and gear grinding are required, the center holes at both ends of the shaft-gear part need to be ground first. In addition, the center hole of some parts may deform after heat treatment, and the center holes at both ends need to be corrected.
[0003] When grinding the center hole, because shaft-like parts deform, they cannot be rigidly held, otherwise the accuracy of the center hole will be affected. Therefore, the parts are usually handled flexibly and the process is carried out in stages, grinding one end before moving to the other. This staged grinding method is not suitable for mass production of heavy shaft-like parts because it is too labor-intensive and inefficient. At the same time, the weight of shaft-like parts greatly increases the operational risk if they are handled manually, and may even lead to safety accidents. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a double-head grinding machine to solve the technical problem that efficiency and safety cannot be achieved simultaneously when grinding the center hole of heavy shaft and gear parts.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A double-head grinding machine includes a vertically arranged bed with guide rails running vertically along the bed. The bed is also equipped with a radial limiting mechanism that can move vertically up and down along the guide rails. The bed is also equipped with an upper grinding tip mechanism that can move vertically up and down along the guide rails, and the upper grinding tip mechanism is arranged directly above the radial limiting mechanism.
[0007] The aforementioned upper grinding tip mechanism includes an upper grinding tip that can rotate around a central axis, and the upper grinding tip can perform upper central hole machining on the shaft gear part to be machined.
[0008] The bottom of the bed is fixedly equipped with a lower grinding center and a support mechanism, and the radial limiting mechanism is arranged directly above the lower grinding center and the support mechanism.
[0009] The lower grinding center and support mechanism include a horizontally arranged worktable, with a tooth end mounting blind hole vertically opened in the center of the worktable, and a lower center through hole coaxially opened in the center of the bottom of the tooth end mounting blind hole, which passes through the bottom of the worktable.
[0010] The upper surface of the worktable is provided with multiple limiting keyways that are open at both ends along the radial direction. The multiple limiting keyways are evenly distributed along the circumference. The limiting keyways are also provided with toothed limiting keys. The toothed limiting keys and the limiting keyways correspond one to one. The radial inner end of each toothed limiting key can be locked in the tooth groove of the shaft tooth part to be processed to achieve circumferential limiting.
[0011] The lower grinding tip and support mechanism also include a lower grinding tip that can rotate around the central axis. The lower grinding tip and the upper grinding tip are coaxially arranged. The lower grinding tip can pass through the lower tip through hole at the bottom of the worktable to process the lower center hole of the shaft gear part to be machined.
[0012] This utility model also has the following technical features:
[0013] Specifically, the lower grinding center and support mechanism also includes a lower grinding center spindle box. A vertically penetrating blind hole for mounting a worktable is opened at the top center of the lower grinding center spindle box. The worktable is detachably and fixedly installed in the blind hole for mounting a worktable. A lower center through hole for penetrating the top of the lower grinding center spindle box is coaxially opened at the bottom center of the blind hole for mounting a worktable.
[0014] The guide rail at the bottom of the bed is embedded inside the lower grinding center spindle box. A lower grinding center motor that can move vertically up and down is installed on the guide rail inside the lower grinding center spindle box. A lower grinding center shaft is also installed vertically on the output shaft of the lower grinding center motor. A lower grinding center is also integrally set at the upper axial end of the lower grinding center shaft. The lower grinding center can pass through the lower center through hole at the top of the lower grinding center spindle box and the lower center through hole at the bottom of the worktable in sequence.
[0015] Specifically, the radial limiting mechanism includes a horizontally arranged and openable shaft limiting ring. The shaft gear part to be processed can pass through the inside of the shaft limiting ring. Multiple limiters are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shaft limiting ring. Each limiter can contact the side wall of the shaft gear part to be processed. The multiple limiters can limit the shaft gear part to be processed inside the shaft limiting ring.
[0016] Specifically, the radial limiting mechanism also includes a horizontally arranged moving block that can move vertically up and down along the bed. The longitudinal front end of the moving block is also integrally provided with a shaft limiting ring. The top of the shaft limiting ring is also provided with multiple limiter mounting slots along the radial direction. The multiple limiter mounting slots are evenly distributed along the circumference. Both ends of each limiter mounting slot are open. Each limiter mounting slot is provided with a limiter. Each limiter can be adjusted along the radial direction of the shaft limiting ring.
[0017] Each limiter mounting slot is also provided with a limiter locking bolt hole that vertically penetrates the shaft limiter ring at the center of the bottom of the slot. The limiter locking bolt hole and the limiter mounting slot correspond one-to-one. A limiter locking bolt is provided in the limiter locking bolt hole, and the limiter locking bolt can lock the limiter.
[0018] Specifically, the limiter includes a cuboid-shaped limiter body, which is embedded in the limiter mounting slot.
[0019] The limiter body is also provided with a vertical through-hole. The limiter locking bolt can be installed by passing through the through-hole and the limiter locking bolt hole from top to bottom. The limiter can be locked or loosened through the through-hole for machining shaft gear parts.
[0020] The limiter body is also integrally provided with a part shaft contact part on the end face located inside the shaft limit ring. The part shaft contact part can contact the side wall of the shaft gear part to be processed.
[0021] Specifically, the shaft limiting ring further includes a rear half ring and a front half ring. The rear half ring and the front half ring are combined together to form a ring-shaped shaft limiting ring. The internal through hole of the shaft limiting ring is a shaft part mounting cavity for mounting the shaft gear parts to be processed.
[0022] The outer wall of the longitudinal rear end of the rear half ring and the longitudinal front end of the moving block are integrated. The two connection points of the longitudinal front end of the rear half ring and the longitudinal rear end of the front half ring are stepped surface connections. The two connection points include a first connection point and a second connection point.
[0023] The first connection point is provided with a first connection bolt, which can connect one connection point of the rear half ring and the front half ring.
[0024] A locking switch is provided at the second connection point, which can lock or unlock the other connection point between the rear half ring and the front half ring.
[0025] Specifically, a front half-ring pull ring is also provided on the outer wall of the front half-ring.
[0026] Specifically, the upper grinding tip mechanism also includes an upper feed block, which can move vertically up and down along the guide rail. An upper grinding tip motor is also provided on the upper feed block. An upper grinding tip shaft is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the upper grinding tip motor. An upper grinding tip is also integrally provided at the lower axial end of the upper grinding tip shaft. The upper grinding tip can be driven by the upper grinding tip motor.
[0027] Specifically, the upper grinding tip motor and the upper feed block are connected by a corner-fixed hinge, allowing the upper grinding tip motor to rotate around a vertically arranged central axis.
[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0029] (I) Compared with manual processing, the device of this utility model has high work efficiency and can realize mass production; the upper grinding tip mechanism can rotate, thereby realizing the mechanization of hoisting. Compared with manual handling, it reduces the labor intensity and risk of injury during the handling process, improves work efficiency, and saves time and effort.
[0030] (II) The device of this utility model can realize the tooth matching of various shaft tooth parts to be processed. The distance between the upper grinding tip and the lower grinding tip can be adjusted according to the length of the shaft tooth parts to be processed. It can be widely used for heavy shaft tooth parts of different diameters and lengths. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in this utility model.
[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the radial limiting mechanism in this utility model.
[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the shaft and gear parts to be processed on the worktable.
[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the shaft gear part to be machined, the lower grinding center, and the motor of the lower grinding center.
[0035] The meanings of the labels in the figure are as follows: 1-bed, 2-lower grinding center and support mechanism, 3-radial limiting mechanism, 4-upper grinding center mechanism, 5-shaft and gear parts to be processed, 6-guide rail.
[0036] 201-Worktable, 202-Lower grinding center, 203-Lower grinding center spindle box, 204-Worktable mounting blind hole, 205-Lower grinding center motor, 206-Lower grinding center shaft, 207-Gear groove limit key.
[0037] 301-Shaft body limiting ring, 302-Limiter, 303-Moving block, 304-Limiter locking bolt, 305-Front half ring pull ring.
[0038] 401 - Upper grinding center, 402 - Upper feed block, 403 - Upper grinding center motor, 404 - Upper grinding center shaft.
[0039] 20101-Blind hole for tooth end mounting, 20102-Limit keyway, 20103-Thrust hole for lower center.
[0040] 30101-Limiter mounting slot, 30102-Limiter locking bolt hole, 30103-Rear half ring, 30104-Front half ring, 30105-Shaft-type part mounting cavity, 30106-First connection, 30107-Second connection, 30108-First connection bolt, 30109-Locking switch.
[0041] 30201 - Limiter body, 30202 - Long hole, 30203 - Part shaft contact part.
[0042] The specific content of this utility model will be further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Detailed Implementation
[0043] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all equipment and components in this utility model are based on existing technologies. For example, the bed is a known bed, and the bolts at the first connection point are known bolts at the first connection point.
[0044] In this invention, the OXYZ coordinate system is a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, with the X-axis pointing horizontally to the right; the Y-axis pointing vertically to the rear; and the Z-axis pointing vertically upwards.
[0045] In this invention, the term "heavy shaft gear parts" refers to shaft gear parts weighing more than 13KG.
[0046] Following the above technical solution, the following are specific embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that this utility model is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent modifications made based on the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0047] Example:
[0048] This embodiment provides a dual-head grinding machine, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the machine includes a vertically arranged bed 1, a guide rail 6 is provided on the bed 1 along the vertical direction, and a radial limiting mechanism 3 is also provided on the bed 1 that can move vertically up and down along the guide rail 6; an upper grinding tip mechanism 4 is also provided on the bed 1 that can move vertically up and down along the guide rail 6, and the upper grinding tip mechanism 4 is arranged directly above the radial limiting mechanism 3.
[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the upper grinding tip mechanism 4 includes an upper grinding tip 401 that can rotate around a central axis. The upper grinding tip 401 can perform upper central hole machining on the shaft gear part 5 to be machined.
[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the bed 1 is fixedly equipped with a lower grinding center and a support mechanism 2, and the radial limiting mechanism 3 is arranged directly above the lower grinding center and the support mechanism 2.
[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the lower grinding center and support mechanism 2 includes a horizontally arranged worktable 201. A tooth end mounting blind hole 20101 is vertically opened in the center of the worktable 201. A lower center through hole 20103 that penetrates the bottom of the worktable 201 is coaxially opened in the center of the bottom of the tooth end mounting blind hole 20101.
[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the upper surface of the worktable 201 has multiple limiting keyways 20102 with open ends along the radial direction, and the multiple limiting keyways 20102 are evenly distributed along the circumference; a toothed limiting key 207 is also provided in the limiting keyway 20102, and the toothed limiting key 207 and the limiting keyway 20102 correspond one-to-one. The radial inner end of each toothed limiting key 207 can be locked in the tooth groove of the shaft tooth part 5 to be processed to achieve circumferential limiting.
[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the lower grinding tip and support mechanism 2 also includes a lower grinding tip 202 that can rotate around the central axis. The lower grinding tip 202 and the upper grinding tip 401 are coaxially arranged. The lower grinding tip 202 can pass through the lower tip through hole 20103 at the bottom of the worktable 201 to process the lower center hole of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed.
[0054] In this embodiment, the bed 1 is a bed with a linear rolling guide rail 6; the bed 1 adopts a bed commonly known in the art. In this embodiment, the lower grinding center motor 205, the radial limiting mechanism 3, and the upper grinding center mechanism 4 move vertically up and down along the guide rail 6 of the bed 1 using pneumatic control. The pneumatic control adopts a commonly known pneumatic control method, which has good rigidity, smooth movement, reliable accuracy, and good accuracy retention.
[0055] In this embodiment, the radial limiting mechanism 3 can make axial and radial adjustments according to the length and diameter of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed, and can also limit the position to adapt to shaft gear parts 5 of different lengths and diameters. The tooth groove limiting key 207 is placed in the limiting keyway 20102 of the lower worktable 201. The tooth groove limiting key 207 is stuck in the tooth groove. The tooth groove limiting key 207 can adjust its position according to the tooth width of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed, and can realize the tooth alignment of various parts. The multiple adjustment methods of the radial limiting mechanism 3 also further ensure the coaxiality of the upper grinding tip 401, the lower grinding tip 202 and the shaft gear part 5 to be processed, and effectively prevent the problem of uneven wear of the center hole caused by the rotation of the grinding tip.
[0056] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the lower grinding center and support mechanism 2 also includes a lower grinding center spindle box 203. A vertically penetrating blind hole 204 for mounting a worktable is opened at the top center of the lower grinding center spindle box 203. A worktable 201 is detachably and fixedly installed in the blind hole 204. A lower center through hole 20103 for penetrating the top of the lower grinding center spindle box 203 is coaxially opened at the bottom center of the blind hole 204.
[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the guide rail 6 at the bottom of the bed 1 is embedded inside the lower grinding center spindle box 203. The guide rail 6 inside the lower grinding center spindle box 203 is equipped with a lower grinding center motor 205 that can move vertically up and down. The output shaft of the lower grinding center motor 205 is also equipped with a lower grinding center shaft 206 along the vertical direction. The upper axial end of the lower grinding center shaft 206 is also integrally provided with a lower grinding center 202. The lower grinding center 202 can pass through the lower center through hole 20103 at the top of the lower grinding center spindle box 203 and the lower center through hole 20103 at the bottom of the worktable 201 in sequence.
[0058] In this embodiment, the vertical movement mechanical principle of the lower grinding tip motor 205 on the guide rail 6 is the same as that of the known upper grinding tip mechanism 4 on the guide rail 6, and both adopt the commonly known lifting and feeding structure in the art.
[0059] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the radial limiting mechanism 3 includes a horizontally arranged and openable shaft limiting ring 301. The shaft gear part 5 to be processed can pass through the interior of the shaft limiting ring 301. Multiple limiters 302 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shaft limiting ring 301. Each limiter 302 can contact the side wall of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed. The multiple limiters 302 can limit the shaft gear part 5 to be processed inside the shaft limiting ring 301.
[0060] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the radial limiting mechanism 3 also includes a horizontally arranged moving block 303, which can move vertically up and down on the bed 1. The longitudinal front end of the moving block 303 is also integrally provided with a shaft limiting ring 301. The top of the shaft limiting ring 301 is also provided with multiple limiter mounting slots 30101 along the radial direction. The multiple limiter mounting slots 30101 are evenly arranged along the circumference. Both ends of each limiter mounting slot 30101 are open. Each limiter mounting slot 30101 is provided with a limiter 302. Each limiter 302 can be adjusted along the radial direction of the shaft limiting ring 301.
[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, each limiter mounting groove 30101 has a vertically penetrating limiter locking bolt hole 30102 at the center of the groove bottom, which is a limiter locking bolt hole 30102 that passes through the shaft limiter ring 301. The limiter locking bolt hole 30102 and the limiter mounting groove 30101 correspond one-to-one. The limiter locking bolt 304 is provided in the limiter locking bolt hole 30102, and the limiter locking bolt 304 can lock the limiter 302.
[0062] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the limiter 302 includes a cuboid limiter body 30201, which is embedded in the limiter mounting slot 30101.
[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, the limiter body 30201 is also provided with a vertical through-hole 30202. The limiter locking bolt 304 can be installed by passing through the through-hole 30202 and the limiter locking bolt hole 30102 from top to bottom. The limiter 302 can be locked or loosened through the through-hole 30202 to the shaft gear part 5 to be processed.
[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the limiter body 30201 is also integrally provided with a part shaft contact part 30203 on the end face inside the shaft limit ring 301. The part shaft contact part 30203 can contact the side wall of the shaft tooth part 5 to be processed.
[0065] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the shaft limiting ring 301 also includes a rear half ring 30103 and a front half ring 30104. The rear half ring 30103 and the front half ring 30104 are combined together to form a ring-shaped shaft limiting ring 301. The internal through hole of the shaft limiting ring 301 is a shaft part mounting cavity 30105 for mounting the shaft gear part 5 to be processed.
[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer wall of the longitudinal rear end of the rear half ring 30103 and the longitudinal front end of the moving block 303 are integrated. The two connection points of the longitudinal front end of the rear half ring 30103 and the longitudinal rear end of the front half ring 30104 are both stepped surface connections; the two connection points include the first connection point 30106 and the second connection point 30107.
[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, a first connection bolt 30108 is provided at the first connection 30106, which can connect one connection point of the rear half ring 30103 and the front half ring 30104.
[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, a locking switch 30109 is provided at the second connection 30107. The locking switch 30109 can lock or open the other connection between the rear half ring 30103 and the front half ring 30104.
[0069] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, a front half-ring pull ring 305 is also provided on the outer side wall of the front half-ring 30104.
[0070] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the upper grinding tip mechanism 4 also includes an upper feed block 402, which can move vertically up and down along the guide rail 6. An upper grinding tip motor 403 is also provided on the upper feed block 402. An upper grinding tip shaft 404 is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the upper grinding tip motor 403. An upper grinding tip 401 is also integrally provided at the lower axial end of the upper grinding tip shaft 404. The upper grinding tip 401 can be driven by the upper grinding tip motor 403.
[0071] In this embodiment, the output shafts of the lower grinding tip motor 205 and the upper grinding tip motor 403 can rotate synchronously after being continuously speed regulated by a frequency converter, so that the lower grinding tip 202 and the upper grinding tip 401 can rotate synchronously, thereby simultaneously machining the center holes at both ends of the shaft gear part 5 to be machined; the stepless speed regulation method of the frequency converter adopts the commonly known stepless speed regulation method of the frequency converter in the art.
[0072] In this embodiment, the surfaces of both the lower grinding tip 202 and the upper grinding tip 401 are conical.
[0073] In this embodiment, the lower grinding tip motor 205 and the upper grinding tip motor 403 are geared motors with brakes. The geared motors with brakes are commonly used geared motors with brakes that are known in the art.
[0074] As a preferred embodiment, the upper grinding tip motor 403 and the upper feed block 402 are connected by a corner fixed hinge, so that the upper grinding tip motor 403 can rotate around the vertically arranged central axis.
[0075] In this embodiment, the upper grinding center motor 403 can rotate around the vertically arranged central axis both before and after the machining of the shaft gear part 5. That is, when it is necessary to lift the shaft gear part 5, the upper grinding center motor 403, the upper grinding center shaft 404, and the upper grinding center 401 rotate, avoiding interference during the lifting process. The shaft gear part 5 can be directly lifted onto the worktable 201, improving work efficiency and saving time and effort. Compared with manual handling, it reduces the labor intensity and risk of injury during the handling process.
[0076] In this embodiment, the hoisting method adopted is a commonly used hoisting method known in the art.
[0077] In this embodiment, the hoisting method adopted is a commonly used hoisting method known in the art.
[0078] In this embodiment, when processing shaft gear parts 5 of the same size, after processing the first shaft gear part 5, the second shaft gear part 5 is directly hoisted into the tooth end mounting blind hole 20101 of the worktable 201, and the next cycle of processing is continued in the same way; if processing shaft gear parts 5 of different sizes, the radial limiting mechanism 3 needs to be readjusted, and then the next cycle of processing is continued in the same way.
[0079] The method of using the device in this embodiment is as follows: first, open the locking switch 30109 and open the shaft limiting ring 301 through the front half ring pull ring 305; then, hoist the shaft gear part 5 to be processed into the blind hole 20101 of the tooth end mounting on the worktable 201; the radial inner end of the tooth groove limiting key 207 is stuck in the tooth groove of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed; the part of the tooth groove limiting key 207 near the radial outer end is stuck in the limiting keyway 20102, thereby achieving circumferential limiting of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed.
[0080] Then, close the locking switch 30109, adjust the vertical height of the radial limiting mechanism 3 so that the shaft limiting ring 301 is at 2 / 3 of the shaft tooth part 5 to be processed, and then adjust the position of the limiter 302 according to the shaft diameter of the shaft tooth part 5 to make the shaft contact part 30203 of the part contact with the outer surface of the side wall of the shaft tooth part 5 to be processed, thereby ensuring the coaxiality between the upper grinding tip 401, the shaft tooth part 5 to be processed and the lower grinding tip 202.
[0081] Furthermore, the upper grinding tip 401 and the lower grinding tip 202 press against the center of both ends of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed. The upper grinding tip motor 403 drives the upper grinding tip 401 to rotate, and the lower grinding tip motor 205 synchronously drives the lower grinding tip 202 to rotate, so as to grind the center holes at both ends of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed. After grinding, the upper grinding tip mechanism 4 moves upward so that the upper grinding tip 401 is removed from the upper surface of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed, and the lower grinding tip motor 205 moves downward so that the lower grinding tip 202 is retracted to the outside of the lower tip through hole 20103 at the top of the lower grinding tip spindle box 203, thereby causing the lower grinding tip 202 to be removed from the lower surface of the shaft gear part 5 to be processed.
[0082] Finally, the upper grinding center motor 403, the upper grinding center shaft 404, and the upper grinding center 401 rotate around the vertically arranged central axis, opening the locking switch 30109 of the radial limit mechanism 3, and taking out the ground shaft gear part 5 by hoisting.
Claims
1. A double-head grinding machine, comprising a vertically arranged bed (1), a guide rail (6) provided on the bed (1) along the vertical direction, and a radial limiting mechanism (3) provided on the bed (1) that can move vertically up and down along the guide rail (6); and an upper grinding tip mechanism (4) provided on the bed (1) that can move vertically up and down along the guide rail (6), the upper grinding tip mechanism (4) being arranged directly above the radial limiting mechanism (3); The upper grinding tip mechanism (4) includes an upper grinding tip (401) that can rotate around a central axis. The upper grinding tip (401) can process the upper central hole of the shaft gear part (5) to be processed. Its features are: The bottom of the bed (1) is fixedly installed with a lower grinding center and a support mechanism (2), and the radial limiting mechanism (3) is arranged directly above the lower grinding center and the support mechanism (2). The lower grinding center and support mechanism (2) includes a horizontally arranged worktable (201), with a tooth end mounting blind hole (20101) vertically opened in the center of the worktable (201), and a lower center through hole (20103) that passes through the bottom of the worktable (201) is coaxially opened in the center of the bottom of the tooth end mounting blind hole (20101). The upper surface of the worktable (201) is provided with multiple limiting keyways (20102) that are open at both ends in the radial direction. The multiple limiting keyways (20102) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The limiting keyways (20102) are also provided with toothed limiting keys (207). The toothed limiting keys (207) and the limiting keyways (20102) correspond one to one. The radial inner end of each toothed limiting key (207) can be locked in the tooth groove of the shaft tooth part (5) to be processed to achieve circumferential limiting. The lower grinding tip and support mechanism (2) further includes a lower grinding tip (202) that can rotate around the central axis. The lower grinding tip (202) and the upper grinding tip (401) are coaxially arranged. The lower grinding tip (202) can pass through the lower tip through hole (20103) at the bottom of the worktable (201) to process the lower center hole of the shaft gear part (5) to be processed.
2. The double-head grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower grinding center and support mechanism (2) further includes a lower grinding center spindle box (203). A vertically penetrating blind hole (204) for mounting a worktable is opened at the top center of the lower grinding center spindle box (203). The worktable (201) is detachably and fixedly installed in the blind hole (204). A lower center through hole (20103) for penetrating the top of the lower grinding center spindle box (203) is coaxially opened at the bottom center of the blind hole (204). The guide rail (6) at the bottom of the bed (1) is embedded in the interior of the lower grinding center spindle box (203). The guide rail (6) inside the lower grinding center spindle box (203) is equipped with a lower grinding center motor (205) that can move vertically up and down. The output shaft of the lower grinding center motor (205) is also equipped with a lower grinding center shaft (206) in the vertical direction. The upper axial end of the lower grinding center shaft (206) is also integrally provided with a lower grinding center (202). The lower grinding center (202) can pass through the lower center through hole (20103) at the top of the lower grinding center spindle box (203) and the lower center through hole (20103) at the bottom of the worktable (201).
3. The double-head grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The radial limiting mechanism (3) includes a horizontally arranged and openable shaft limiting ring (301). The shaft gear part (5) to be processed can pass through the inside of the shaft limiting ring (301). Multiple limiters (302) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the shaft limiting ring (301). Each limiter (302) can contact the side wall of the shaft gear part (5) to be processed. The multiple limiters (302) can limit the shaft gear part (5) to be processed inside the shaft limiting ring (301).
4. The double-head grinding machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The radial limiting mechanism (3) further includes a horizontally arranged moving block (303), which can move vertically up and down on the bed (1). The longitudinal front end of the moving block (303) is also integrally provided with a shaft limiting ring (301). The top of the shaft limiting ring (301) is also provided with multiple limiter mounting slots (30101) along the radial direction. The multiple limiter mounting slots (30101) are evenly arranged along the circumference. Both ends of each limiter mounting slot (30101) are open. Each limiter mounting slot (30101) is provided with a limiter (302). Each limiter (302) can be adjusted along the radial direction of the shaft limiting ring (301). Each limiter mounting slot (30101) has a vertically penetrating limiter locking bolt hole (30102) at the center of its bottom, which is a limiter locking bolt hole (30102) that passes through the shaft limiter ring (301). The limiter locking bolt hole (30102) and the limiter mounting slot (30101) correspond one-to-one. A limiter locking bolt (304) is provided in the limiter locking bolt hole (30102), which can lock the limiter (302).
5. The double-head grinding machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The limiter (302) includes a cuboid limiter body (30201), which is embedded in the limiter mounting slot (30101). The limiter body (30201) is also provided with a vertically penetrating elongated hole (30202). The limiter locking bolt (304) can be installed by passing through the elongated hole (30202) and the limiter locking bolt hole (30102) from top to bottom. The limiter (302) can be locked or loosened through the elongated hole (30202) to be machined shaft gear parts (5). The limiter body (30201) is located on the end face of the shaft limiting ring (301) and is also integrally provided with a part shaft contact part (30203). The part shaft contact part (30203) can contact the side wall of the shaft tooth part (5) to be processed.
6. The double-head grinding machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The shaft limiting ring (301) further includes a rear half ring (30103) and a front half ring (30104). The rear half ring (30103) and the front half ring (30104) are combined together to form a ring-shaped shaft limiting ring (301). The internal through hole of the shaft limiting ring (301) is a shaft part mounting cavity (30105) for mounting the shaft gear part (5) to be processed. The outer wall of the longitudinal rear end of the rear half ring (30103) and the longitudinal front end of the moving block (303) are integrated. The two connection points of the longitudinal front end of the rear half ring (30103) and the longitudinal rear end of the front half ring (30104) are both stepped surface connections. The two connection points include a first connection point (30106) and a second connection point (30107). A first connection bolt (30108) is provided at the first connection point (30106), and the first connection bolt (30108) can connect one connection point of the rear half ring (30103) and the front half ring (30104); A locking switch (30109) is provided at the second connection (30107), which can lock or open the other connection between the rear half ring (30103) and the front half ring (30104).
7. The double-head grinding machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer side wall of the front half ring (30104) is also provided with a front half ring pull ring (305).
8. The double-head grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper grinding tip mechanism (4) further includes an upper feed block (402), which can move vertically up and down along the guide rail (6). An upper grinding tip motor (403) is also provided on the upper feed block (402). An upper grinding tip shaft (404) is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the upper grinding tip motor (403). An upper grinding tip (401) is also integrally provided at the lower axial end of the upper grinding tip shaft (404). The upper grinding tip (401) can be driven by the upper grinding tip motor (403).
9. The double-head grinding machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The upper grinding tip motor (403) and the upper feed block (402) are connected by a corner fixed hinge, which allows the upper grinding tip motor (403) to rotate around the vertically arranged central axis.