Vibration reduction fastener suitable for assembly type structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a vibration reduction fastener suitable for an assembly type structure, which comprises an iron base plate, an under-rail elastic cushion, an under-plate elastic cushion, a locking upright post, a nylon bushing, a locking cover plate, a spike and an elastic strip, and the locking upright post is vertically arranged in through holes in the iron base plate and the under-plate elastic cushion; the lower end face of the locking stand column is pressed on the track foundation, and the upper end face is combined with the locking cover plate. The nylon bushing is sleeved on the periphery of the locking upright post; a through hole is formed in the locking cover plate, a long round hole is formed in the locking stand column, the spike vertically penetrates through the through hole in the locking cover plate and the long round hole to fix the damping fastener to a supporting stand column of a ballastless track structure, the locking cover plate can move relative to the locking stand column, and then the relative position of the spike in the long round hole is adjusted. And the gauge adjustment is realized. The vibration reduction fastener has the advantages of being small in number of components, small in total weight, low in manufacturing cost, good in vibration reduction effect and convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a vibration damping fastener suitable for prefabricated structures. Background Technology

[0002] Rail fasteners are an important component of railway track systems, primarily serving to fix rails and maintain track gauge, and are crucial for the safe operation of railways.

[0003] Some rail transit depots need to consider the impact of train movement on the vibration and noise of the superstructure; therefore, fasteners need to have a certain vibration reduction performance. Furthermore, prefabricated track structures are already a commonly used track structure, and fasteners with large adjustment ranges are an important component of prefabricated track structures, providing greater flexibility in the construction process and greater convenience in operation. When prefabricated track structures are used in the depot, reasonable deviations need to be allowed in the positional accuracy of the lower prefabricated components during installation or pouring, in addition to manufacturing and measurement deviations of the prefabricated components. Therefore, a fastener system is needed to adjust the track gauge and elevation.

[0004] To better match prefabricated track structures, facilitate operation and maintenance, and achieve larger track gauge, lower elevation adjustment range, and lower cost, developing a vibration-damping fastener specifically for ballastless tracks in the field is one of the technical problems that those skilled in the art need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a vibration damping fastener suitable for prefabricated structures.

[0006] This utility model provides a vibration damping fastener suitable for prefabricated structures, comprising:

[0007] Rail base plate, under-rail elastic pad, under-plate elastic pad, locking post, nylon bushing, locking cover plate, rail spike and spring strip, among which:

[0008] The rail under elastic pad, iron pad plate and plate under elastic pad are stacked in sequence from top to bottom;

[0009] The iron pad and the elastic pad under the plate are respectively provided with through holes. The locking column is vertically inserted into the through hole, and its lower end face is pressed against the track foundation, and its upper end face is connected to the locking cover plate.

[0010] The nylon bushing is fitted around the outer periphery of the locking column and is vertically installed in the through holes on the iron pad and the elastic pad under the plate;

[0011] The locking cover plate is located on the top of the locking column and has a first through hole. The locking column has a corresponding elongated hole. The track spike passes vertically through the first through hole and the elongated hole, fixing the vibration damping fastener to the support column of the ballastless track structure. The locking cover plate can be displaced relative to the locking column, causing the track spike to adjust its position along the elongated hole, thereby achieving track gauge adjustment.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a coupling pad, which is disposed below the elastic pad under the plate and has a second through hole, and the lower end face of the locking column abuts against the coupling pad.

[0013] Optionally, the upper end face of the locking column is provided with a lower adjusting tooth, and the lower end face of the locking cover is correspondingly provided with an upper adjusting tooth, wherein the lower adjusting tooth and the upper adjusting tooth form a meshing engagement.

[0014] Optionally, the upper end face of the locking column extends to form a horizontal first flange, and the downward adjusting tooth array is distributed on the top surface of the first flange.

[0015] Optionally, the locking post has a rectangular cross-section, the nylon bushing has a matching rectangular hole, the top of the nylon bushing extends to form a horizontal second flange, the second flange is pressed between the iron pad and the locking cover plate, and the first flange is pressed between the second flange and the locking cover plate.

[0016] Optionally, the first flange is formed on the three peripherys of the locking column facing away from the rail, and the structure of the second flange corresponds to that of the first flange.

[0017] Optionally, the locking cover plate is provided with an adjustment indicator block, and the locking column is provided with an adjustment centerline indicator strip. When the adjustment indicator block and the adjustment centerline indicator strip coincide, the track spike is located at the geometric center of the elongated hole.

[0018] Optionally, the lower end of the rail spike is provided with a threaded connection part, and the upper end is provided with a T-shaped head, the T-shaped head forming a limiting engagement with the locking cover plate.

[0019] Optionally, a washer is provided between the T-shaped head and the locking cover plate.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes bolts, the iron pad is provided with symmetrically distributed elastic clip seats, the elastic clip is pressed into the elastic clip seats by bolts, the rail is clamped between the two elastic clip seats, and is spaced apart from the elastic clip seats by gauge blocks.

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model have the following technical effects:

[0022] This utility model achieves significant improvements in track fixing reliability and construction and maintenance convenience through structural innovation and functional modular design. The nested assembly structure of the locking column and nylon bushing, combined with a double-layer elastic pad, simplifies the overall fastener structure while forming a multi-level vibration damping mechanism. The design of the locking column directly pressing against the track foundation effectively avoids the performance degradation of the elastic material due to preload overload, ensuring the long-term stability of vibration reduction performance. The linkage adjustment mechanism between the elongated hole and the locking cover plate enables stepless adjustment of the spike position, and the non-disassembly operation significantly improves the efficiency of track gauge calibration.

[0023] The added coupling pads strengthen the interface connection between the fasteners and the concrete foundation; the meshing structure of the adjustable teeth enables precise displacement locking; the rectangular cross-section matching design and single-sided flange avoidance optimize spatial layout and anti-displacement performance; the introduction of visual indicator marks simplifies the adjustment and calibration process; the combination design of T-shaped spikes and buffer washers enhances the resistance to vibration and loosening; and the flexible pressing structure of the gauge blocks and elastic strips ensures the fixing strength of the rails while reducing wear on the contact surfaces. The synergistic effect of each structural module makes the system lightweight, low-cost, and adaptable to assembly, efficiently matching the dimensional tolerances of prefabricated track components, meeting the needs of industrialized construction and full-cycle maintenance, and providing a highly reliable solution for prefabricated track structures. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the vibration damping fastener described in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a top view of the vibration damping fastener described in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vibration-damping fastener described in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the nylon bushing in the vibration-damping fastener described in this utility model;

[0030] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the locking column in the vibration damping fastener described in this utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the locking cover plate in the vibration damping fastener described in this utility model;

[0032] Marked in the image:

[0033] 1. Iron pad; 2. Rail under elastic pad; 3. Plate under elastic pad; 4. Coupling pad; 5. Locking column; 501. Oblong hole; 502. First flange; 503. Lower adjustment tooth; 504. Adjustment centerline indicator strip; 6. Nylon bushing; 601. Rectangular hole; 602. Second flange; 7. Locking cover plate; 701. Upper adjustment tooth; 702. Adjustment indicator block; 8. Rail spike; 9. Washer; 10. Bolt; 11. Spring clip; 12. Rail; 13. Track gauge block. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 1-7 A schematic diagram of a vibration-damping fastener structure suitable for prefabricated structures is provided for an embodiment of this utility model. (See attached diagram.) Figure 1-7 The vibration damping fastener includes:

[0036] 1. Rail pad, 2. Rail under-slab elastic pad, 3. Rail under-slab elastic pad, 5. Locking post, 6. Nylon bushing, 7. Locking cover plate, 8. Rail spike, and 11. Spring clip, wherein:

[0037] The rail under elastic pad 2, iron pad plate 1 and plate under elastic pad 3 are stacked in sequence from top to bottom;

[0038] The iron pad 1 and the elastic pad 3 under the plate are respectively provided with through holes. The locking column 5 is vertically inserted into the through hole, and its lower end face is pressed into the track foundation, and its upper end face is connected to the locking cover plate 7.

[0039] Nylon bushing 6 is fitted around the outer periphery of locking column 5 and is vertically installed in the through holes on iron pad 1 and elastic pad 3 under plate;

[0040] The locking cover plate 7 is located on the top of the locking column 5, and a first through hole is provided on it. The locking column 5 is provided with an elongated hole 501. The track spike 8 passes vertically through the first through hole and the elongated hole 501 to fix the vibration damping fastener to the support column of the ballastless track structure. The locking cover plate 7 can be displaced relative to the locking column 5, which drives the track spike 8 to adjust its position along the elongated hole 501 to achieve track gauge adjustment.

[0041] The iron pad 1, the under-rail elastic pad 2, and the under-plate elastic pad 3 are stacked and assembled in a top-to-bottom order, with their central axes coaxially positioned. The locking post 5 passes through the through holes in the iron pad 1 and the under-plate elastic pad 3, and a nylon bushing 6 is fitted around the outer periphery of the locking post 5. The inner hole shape of the nylon bushing 6 forms a clearance fit with the rectangular cross-section of the locking post 5. In the assembled state, the second flange 602 of the nylon bushing 6 extends to the top edge of the iron pad 1, forming a waterproof interface with the sealing flange of the under-plate elastic pad 3. The lower end face of the locking post 5 is in direct contact with the rail foundation, and the pre-tightening force of the rail spike 8 presses the entire fastening system firmly onto the surface of the rail foundation.

[0042] The locking cover plate 7 has a circular through hole in its center and a groove structure at its bottom that matches the top of the locking column 5. The first flange 502 at the top of the locking column 5 extends outward to form an annular platform, on which toothed protrusions are evenly distributed along the extension direction of the rail. Correspondingly, a reverse tooth structure that meshes with the toothed protrusions is provided in the groove of the locking cover plate 7, and the two achieve lateral position locking through tooth surface contact. The T-shaped head of the rail spike 8 is engaged with the top surface of the locking cover plate 7, and the threaded shank passes through the through hole of the locking cover plate 7 and the elongated hole 501 of the locking column 5, and is threadedly connected to the pre-embedded support column in the rail foundation.

[0043] The elastic clip 11 is pressed onto the elastic clip seats on both sides of the iron pad plate 1 by bolts 10, and the bottom of the rail 12 is embedded in the rail bearing groove of the under-rail elastic pad 2. The gauge block 13 fills the gap between the rail web of the rail 12 and the elastic clip seat. When the bolts 10 are tightened, the elastic clip 11 undergoes elastic deformation, pressing the gauge block 13 against the side of the rail 12 to form a stable gauge constraint. The lateral displacement of the locking cover plate 7 relative to the locking post 5 causes the track spike 8 to slide within the elongated hole 501, realizing continuous adjustment of the rail gauge of the rail 12. The nylon bushing 6 forms an elastic isolation layer between the locking post 5 and the iron pad plate 1, absorbing the high-frequency vibration transmitted by the track. The under-plate elastic pad 3 provides secondary vibration damping in the vertical direction, and its closed-cell structure prevents moisture infiltration that could lead to elastic failure.

[0044] Throughout the assembly process, the guide protrusion of the nylon bushing 6 engages with the keyway of the through hole in the iron pad plate 1 to ensure that the locking column 5 remains vertical. The toothed meshing structure between the locking cover plate 7 and the locking column 5 forms a self-locking mechanism after gauge adjustment, preventing displacement during operation. The reinforcing rib mesh of the iron pad plate 1 maintains structural strength while forming heat dissipation channels to accelerate heat dissipation. The wedge-shaped contact surface of the gauge block 13 matches the curved surface of the rail web of the rail 12, avoiding rail web damage caused by stress concentration.

[0045] In some embodiments, a coupling pad 4 is also included, which is disposed below the elastic pad 3 under the plate and has a second through hole, and the lower end face of the locking column 5 abuts against the coupling pad 4.

[0046] The coupling pad 4 is stacked below the elastic pad 3 under the plate, and its external dimensions are consistent with those of the elastic pad 3 under the plate. A circular through hole coaxial with the through hole of the iron pad plate 1 is opened in the center of the coupling pad 4 for the insertion of the track spike 8.

[0047] During assembly, the coupling pad 4 is first laid on the precast track foundation, and the elastic pad 3 under the plate is pre-positioned by embedding its bottom flange into the groove of the coupling pad 4. When the iron pad 1 and the locking column 5 assembly are pressed down as a whole, the lower end face of the locking column 5 forms surface contact with the top surface of the coupling pad 4, preventing the elastic pad 3 under the plate from bearing axial preload. After the track spike 8 passes through the through hole of the coupling pad 4, it is connected to the pre-embedded nut in the concrete foundation. The insulation properties of the coupling pad 4 block the current path between the metal parts and the concrete.

[0048] In some embodiments, the upper end face of the locking column 5 is provided with a downward adjusting tooth 503, and the lower end face of the locking cover plate 7 is correspondingly provided with an upward adjusting tooth 701, and the downward adjusting tooth 503 and the upward adjusting tooth 701 form a meshing engagement.

[0049] The upper surface of the locking column 5 is directly machined with continuously arranged downward-pitch teeth 503. The tooth direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the rail 12, and the tooth top surface is flat and coplanar with the top surface of the locking column 5. The tooth groove depth of the downward-pitch teeth 503 is evenly distributed along the tooth length direction, and the tooth sidewalls are symmetrical bevels. The bottom surface of the locking cover plate 7 is machined with upward-pitch teeth 701 that are mirror-symmetrical to the downward-pitch teeth 503. The tooth profile parameters are completely matched with those of the downward-pitch teeth 503, and the tooth top surface is flush with the bottom surface of the locking cover plate 7.

[0050] In the assembled state, the locking cover plate 7 covers the top of the locking post 5, and the upper adjusting tooth 701 and the lower adjusting tooth 503 form an interlocking engagement. When the locking cover plate 7 is pushed laterally, the upper adjusting tooth 701 slides along the inclined surface of the lower adjusting tooth 503 until the tooth top surface falls into the adjacent tooth groove to complete the positioning. After the rail spike 8 is tightened, the meshing tooth surfaces of the locking cover plate 7 and the locking post 5 deform and interlock under vertical pressure, preventing lateral displacement.

[0051] In some embodiments, the upper end face of the locking post 5 extends to form a horizontal first flange 502, and the downward adjustment teeth 503 are arrayed on the top surface of the first flange 502.

[0052] The upper surface of the locking column 5 extends to form a first flange 502 in a horizontal direction. The edge of the first flange 502 is rounded, and its width is greater than the thickness of the locking column 5 body. The top surface of the first flange 502 is CNC milled to form parallel downward-pitched teeth 503. The teeth run in the same direction as the extension of the rail 12, and the tooth top surface is coplanar with the top surface of the first flange 502.

[0053] The bottom surface of the locking cover plate 7 is machined with an upper adjusting tooth 701 that is mirror-symmetrical to the lower adjusting tooth 503. The tooth profile and tooth spacing are the same as those of the lower adjusting tooth 503. During assembly, the locking cover plate 7 covers the top of the locking post 5, and the upper adjusting tooth 701 and the lower adjusting tooth 503 form an interlocking engagement. The extended plane of the first flange 502 disperses the pressure applied by the locking cover plate 7 to the body of the locking post 5, and the second flange 602 of the nylon bushing 6 contacts the bottom surface of the first flange 502 to form an axial limit.

[0054] In some embodiments, the locking post 5 has a rectangular cross-section, the nylon bushing 6 has a rectangular hole 601 adapted to it, the top of the nylon bushing 6 extends to form a horizontal second flange 602, the second flange 602 is pressed between the iron pad 1 and the locking cover plate 7, and the first flange 502 is pressed between the second flange 602 and the locking cover plate 7.

[0055] A rectangular hole 601, matching the cross-sectional shape of the locking post 5, is formed inside the nylon bushing 6. A uniform assembly gap is maintained between the inner wall of the hole and the side surface of the locking post 5. The top of the nylon bushing 6 extends horizontally outward to form a second flange 602, the width of which covers the edge of the through hole in the iron pad 1. The first flange 502 at the top of the locking post 5 extends horizontally and overlaps the second flange 602.

[0056] The locking post 5 on the side closest to rail 12 does not have a first flange 502, and the second flange 602 of the nylon bushing 6 on that side terminates synchronously at the edge of the iron pad 1. The first flange 502 and the second flange 602 on the other three sides extend continuously, forming an annular bearing surface. During the tightening of the rail spike 8, the first flange 502 and the second flange 602 undergo elastic deformation under axial pressure, eliminating the assembly gap between the locking post 5 and the nylon bushing 6. The rectangular hole 601 fits against the edge of the locking post 5, restricting circumferential rotation and ensuring that the fastening system maintains directional stability under vibration.

[0057] In some embodiments, a first flange 502 is formed on the three peripherys of the locking post 5 facing away from the rail 12, and the construction of a second flange 602 corresponds to that of the first flange 502.

[0058] The locking post 5 does not have a first flange 502 on the side closest to the rail 12, and the outer surface of this side is flush with the inner wall of the rectangular hole 601 of the nylon bushing 6. The second flange 602 of the nylon bushing 6 on the side corresponding to the rail 12 terminates inside the edge outline of the iron pad 1, and a buffer gap is maintained between the flange end face and the side of the iron pad 1. The first flange 502 and the second flange 602 on the other three sides extend continuously.

[0059] The first flange 502 on three sides of the locking post 5 facing away from the rail 12 extends horizontally outward, covering the edge of the second flange 602 on the corresponding side of the nylon bushing 6. The second flange 602 of the nylon bushing 6 extends beyond the edge of the through hole in the iron pad 1 on the non-rail side, forming an annular pressure dispersion zone. During the pre-tightening process of the rail spike 8, the overlapping area of ​​the first flange 502 and the second flange 602 undergoes elastic compression deformation, forcing the inner wall of the rectangular hole 601 of the nylon bushing 6 to fit tightly against the edge of the locking post 5. The absence of flanges on the rail 12 side reduces the lateral dimension of the fastening system, avoiding contact interference with the rail web of the rail 12. The termination end of the second flange 602 of the nylon bushing 6 on the rail 12 side is rounded to reduce the risk of stress concentration.

[0060] In some embodiments, the locking cover plate 7 is provided with an adjustment indicator block 702, and the locking column 5 is provided with an adjustment centerline indicator strip 504. When the adjustment indicator block 702 coincides with the adjustment centerline indicator strip 504, the track spike 8 is located at the geometric center of the elongated hole 501.

[0061] The top edge of the locking cover plate 7 has a raised strip-shaped adjustment indicator block 702, whose extension direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the rail 12, and the end is marked with a triangular arrow. The side of the locking post 5 is coated with a colored coating to form an adjustment centerline indicator strip 504, the axis of which is coplanar with the centerline of the oblong hole 501. The arrow tip of the adjustment indicator block 702 points to the center of the through hole in the locking cover plate 7, and the adjustment centerline indicator strip 504 extends along the height direction of the locking post 5 and penetrates the area of ​​the oblong hole 501.

[0062] In the assembled state, the arrow mark on the gauge adjustment indicator block 702 and the center mark of the gauge adjustment centerline indicator strip 504 are on the same vertical plane. When the locking cover plate 7 moves the track spike 8 laterally, the gauge adjustment indicator block 702 moves synchronously with the locking cover plate 7. The operator judges the gauge adjustment amount by observing the relative position of the arrow mark and the gauge adjustment centerline indicator strip 504. The inner wall of the rectangular hole 601 of the nylon bushing 6 is tightly fitted with the locking post 5 to ensure that the pointing accuracy of the gauge adjustment centerline indicator strip 504 is not affected by vibration. When the track spike 8 is in the center position of the elongated hole 501, the arrow tip of the gauge adjustment indicator block 702 is exactly aligned with the center mark of the gauge adjustment centerline indicator strip 504, forming a visual alignment reference.

[0063] In some embodiments, the lower end of the road stud 8 is provided with a threaded connection and the upper end is provided with a T-shaped head, which forms a limiting engagement with the locking cover plate 7.

[0064] The lower end of the rail spike 8 is machined with a standard thread structure, and the upper end is formed into a T-shaped head. The bottom surface of the head is machined into an arc-shaped contact surface that matches the curvature of the top surface of the locking cover plate 7. An annular reinforcing boss is provided in the transition area between the threaded shank and the T-shaped head.

[0065] During assembly, the threaded end of the track spike 8 passes vertically through the through hole of the locking cover plate 7 and the elongated hole 501 of the locking post 5, and then engages with the support post within the track foundation via threaded connection. The bottom surface of the T-shaped head forms a surface contact with the locking cover plate 7, and the horizontal wing plate covers the edge of the locking cover plate 7 to form an anti-disengagement limit. When the track spike 8 is tightened, the T-shaped head generates axial pressure to press and fix the locking cover plate 7 and the locking post 5 together. The engagement length between the threaded shank and the support post exceeds the standard engagement depth to ensure tensile strength. A stress relief groove is provided at the root of the thread of the track spike 8 to improve fatigue resistance. The arc-shaped contact surface of the T-shaped head and the groove of the locking cover plate 7 form a self-aligning structure to compensate for angular deviations during installation.

[0066] In some embodiments, a washer 9 is provided between the T-shaped head and the locking cover plate 7.

[0067] Washer 9 is fitted between the T-shaped head of rail spike 8 and locking cover plate 7. A circular hole matching the diameter of rail spike 8 is opened in the center of washer 9, and the edge of the hole is turned upward to form a guide sleeve structure.

[0068] During assembly, the guide sleeve structure of washer 9 first fits onto the rod of rail spike 8, and the bottom surface of the T-shaped head forms multi-level contact with the wavy contour of the upper surface of washer 9. The limiting groove on the top surface of locking cover plate 7 engages with the positioning lug to prevent washer 9 from circumferentially displacing as rail spike 8 rotates. When rail spike 8 is tightened, washer 9 undergoes elastic deformation under axial pressure, and the wavy contour gradually flattens out, evenly transmitting the pressure to locking cover plate 7.

[0069] In some embodiments, bolts 10 are also included. The iron pad 1 is provided with symmetrically distributed elastic clip seats. The elastic clip 11 is pressed into the elastic clip seats by bolts 10. The rail 12 is sandwiched between the two elastic clip seats and is spaced apart from the elastic clip seats by the gauge block 13.

[0070] Bolt 10 has a hexagonal drive structure machined on its head. The elastic clip 11 matches the top contour of the rail 12. The inner side of the elastic clip seat has a positioning groove adapted to the shape of the fixed wing plate of the elastic clip 11; during installation, the fixed wing plate of the elastic clip 11 is inserted into the groove for pre-positioning. The bottom of the rail 12 rests in the rail-bearing groove of the iron pad 1, with symmetrical gaps formed between the rail web and the elastic clip seat on both sides. The gauge block 13 has a wedge-shaped cross-section structure. The angle of the inclined surface of the gauge block 13 matches the curved surface of the rail web of the rail 12; after being inserted into the gap, its wide end face contacts the inner wall of the elastic clip seat, and its narrow end face is tightly against the rail web of the rail 12.

[0071] During assembly, the gauge block 13 is first inserted into the gap between the rail 12 and the elastic clip seat, and then the arched area of ​​the elastic clip 11 is placed over the top surface of the rail 12. The bolt 10 passes through the through hole of the elastic clip seat and engages with the threaded sleeve pre-embedded in the iron pad 1. During the tightening of the bolt 10, the fixed wing plate of the elastic clip 11 undergoes elastic bending deformation under axial pressure, pushing the wedge-shaped structure of the gauge block 13 towards the rail 12 until the narrow end face of the gauge block 13 forms surface contact with the web of the rail 12. At this point, the arched area of ​​the elastic clip 11 presses the rail 12 firmly into the iron pad 1, and the wedge-shaped structure of the gauge block 13 generates radial constraint force to lock the gauge.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A vibration damping fastener suitable for prefabricated structures, characterized in that, include: The components include: iron pad (1), rail under-rail elastic pad (2), plate under-rail elastic pad (3), locking post (5), nylon bushing (6), locking cover plate (7), rail spike (8), and spring clip (11), among which: The rail under elastic pad (2), iron pad plate (1) and plate under elastic pad (3) are stacked in sequence from top to bottom; The iron pad (1) and the elastic pad (3) under the plate are respectively provided with through holes. The locking column (5) is vertically inserted into the through hole, and its lower end face is pressed against the rail base. Its upper end face is connected to the locking cover plate (7). The nylon bushing (6) is fitted around the outer periphery of the locking column (5) and is vertically installed in the through holes on the iron pad (1) and the elastic pad (3) under the plate; The locking cover plate (7) is located on the top of the locking column (5) and has a first through hole. The locking column (5) has a corresponding elongated hole (501). The track spike (8) passes vertically through the first through hole and the elongated hole (501) to fix the vibration damping fastener to the support column of the ballastless track structure. The locking cover plate (7) can be displaced relative to the locking column (5) to drive the track spike (8) to adjust its position along the elongated hole (501) and realize the track gauge adjustment.

2. The vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a coupling pad (4), which is located below the elastic pad (3) under the plate and has a second through hole, and the lower end face of the locking column (5) abuts against the coupling pad (4).

3. The vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end face of the locking column (5) is provided with a lower adjusting tooth (503), and the lower end face of the locking cover plate (7) is provided with an upper adjusting tooth (701). The lower adjusting tooth (503) and the upper adjusting tooth (701) form a meshing engagement.

4. The vibration damping fastener according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper end face of the locking post (5) extends to form a horizontal first flange (502), and the downward adjusting teeth (503) array is distributed on the top surface of the first flange (502).

5. The vibration damping fastener according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking post (5) has a rectangular cross-section, and the nylon bushing (6) is provided with a rectangular hole (601) that is adapted to it. The top of the nylon bushing (6) extends to form a horizontal second flange (602). The second flange (602) is pressed between the iron pad (1) and the locking cover plate (7), and the first flange (502) is pressed between the second flange (602) and the locking cover plate (7).

6. The vibration damping fastener according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first flange (502) is formed on the three sides of the locking post (5) facing away from the rail (12), and the second flange (602) is constructed in a manner corresponding to the first flange (502).

7. The vibration damping fastener according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The locking cover plate (7) is provided with a distance adjustment indicator block (702), and the locking column (5) is provided with a distance adjustment centerline indicator strip (504). When the distance adjustment indicator block (702) and the distance adjustment centerline indicator strip (504) coincide, the track spike (8) is located at the geometric center of the elongated hole (501).

8. The vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the rail spike (8) is provided with a threaded connection and the upper end is provided with a T-shaped head. The T-shaped head and the locking cover plate (7) form a limiting engagement.

9. The vibration damping fastener according to claim 8, characterized in that, A washer (9) is provided between the T-shaped head and the locking cover plate (7).

10. The vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes bolts (10), the iron pad (1) is provided with symmetrically distributed elastic rail seats, the elastic rail (11) is pressed into the elastic rail seats by bolts (10), the rail (12) is sandwiched between the two elastic rail seats, and is spaced apart from the elastic rail seats by the gauge block (13).

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