Adjustable handrail suitable for bridge expansion joint

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable handrail suitable for a bridge expansion joint, which comprises a fixed handrail I and a fixed handrail II which are rigidly connected to two sides of the expansion joint respectively, and the fixed handrail I is connected with the fixed handrail II through a displacement self-adaptive unit. The displacement self-adaption unit comprises an adjusting beam, an adjusting stand column and a fixed stand column which are fixedly connected, the two ends of the adjusting beam are movably matched with the first fixed handrail and the second fixed handrail on the two sides in an inserted mode respectively, and the adjusting stand column is in sliding fit with a sliding base arranged on the bridge. According to the technical scheme, the durability of the first fixing handrail and the second fixing handrail on the two sides of the expansion joint is guaranteed, the expansion joint can adapt to thermal expansion and cold contraction phenomena caused by temperature changes, can also adapt to dynamic deformation caused by vehicle loads, and can also adapt to longitudinal or transverse displacement of a bridge deck caused by uneven settlement of a foundation; the construction efficiency is high, the environmental adaptability is high, and meanwhile maintenance and replacement are convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge railing technology, and in particular to an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints. Background Technology

[0002] In bridge engineering, expansion joints are structural nodes designed to accommodate linear deformation of the bridge deck caused by factors such as temperature changes, vehicle loads, and uneven foundation settlement. As a crucial component of the bridge's safety protection system, the railings at expansion joints require fixing devices that simultaneously meet the dual requirements of structural stability and displacement adaptability. However, current technologies for fixing railings at expansion joints generally employ rigid connection structures, primarily including rigid welding and bolt anchoring combined with concrete pouring. These methods have revealed significant technical shortcomings during long-term use.

[0003] Rigidly welded fixed structures are formed by directly welding the railing posts to steel plates embedded in the main bridge structure, creating a rigid whole. While welding provides high initial connection strength, it completely restricts the relative displacement between the railing and the bridge structure. When the bridge expands and contracts due to temperature changes (e.g., temperature differences causing bridge deck expansion and contraction of 50-100mm), or due to dynamic deformation caused by vehicle loads (e.g., instantaneous deflection when heavy vehicles pass), or longitudinal or lateral displacement of the bridge deck caused by uneven foundation settlement, stress concentration occurs at the rigid connection points. Actual measurement data shows that such stress concentration can cause local stress in the connection area to reach 1.5-2 times the material's yield strength, leading to failure modes such as weld cracking and fracture of the base material at the post root. A highway bridge inspection report shows that after 3-5 years of operation, the weld cracking rate of rigidly welded expansion joint railings reached as high as 67%, seriously affecting the bridge's safety protection function.

[0004] Bolt anchoring combined with concrete pouring involves pre-embedding bolt sleeves in the main bridge structure, connecting the railing posts with high-strength bolts, and then wrapping and fixing the connection joints with concrete or mortar. While this structure avoids the high-temperature work of on-site welding, the fixed spacing of the bolt anchor points (usually 500-800mm) cannot accommodate the dynamic displacement of expansion joints. When the bridge deck experiences longitudinal displacement, the relative displacement between the railing posts and the main bridge structure causes the bolts to bear a combined shear and tensile force. Test data shows that when the displacement exceeds the effective adjustment range of the bolts (usually ≤10mm), the bolt shank is prone to shear failure, and the concrete wrapping layer will crack and peel off under repeated displacement. In addition, this device requires on-site bolt installation, concrete pouring, and curing, with a construction period of 3-5 days. Furthermore, the slow strength development of concrete in low-temperature environments (such as below 5℃) severely affects the construction progress. Statistics from a municipal bridge project show that, when expansion joint railings using this type of fixing method are subjected to extreme temperature changes (temperature difference exceeding 30°C), the railing tilt rate caused by bolt failure reaches 42%, posing a significant safety hazard.

[0005] In summary, traditional rigid connection structures lack sufficient displacement adaptability. Their fundamental flaw lies in treating the railings and the bridge structure as a rigid whole, neglecting the dynamic displacement requirements at expansion joints. The displacement of bridge expansion joints includes multi-dimensional deformation in the longitudinal (along the bridge axis), lateral (perpendicular to the bridge axis), and vertical (perpendicular to the bridge deck) directions, with longitudinal displacement being the primary deformation form (typically designed to be ±20mm to ±100mm). Rigid connections cannot absorb this type of displacement, making the connection nodes weak points in the structure and ultimately leading to fatigue failure.

[0006] Meanwhile, construction efficiency and environmental adaptability are poor: on-site welding requires specialized equipment and operators, and is limited by weather conditions such as rain and strong winds; concrete pouring and fixing rely on the curing period, making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid construction. In urban bridge renovation projects, due to the limited time for road occupancy during construction, traditional fixing methods often lead to project delays. For example, in the maintenance project of a cross-river bridge, the replacement of a single expansion joint railing resulted in a 15-day extension of the overall project period due to the time required for concrete curing, causing significant traffic congestion losses.

[0007] Furthermore, maintenance costs are high: rigid connection structures often fail due to sudden fractures rather than gradual damage, making it difficult to detect potential problems through routine inspections. Once a railing becomes loose or breaks, traffic must be closed for repairs. Replacement involves complex procedures such as removing existing concrete, re-welding, or re-anchoring, increasing the cost of a single repair by 30%-50% compared to the initial installation cost. According to statistics from the Ministry of Transport, the average annual maintenance cost of railings at bridge expansion joints nationwide accounts for 18% of the total bridge maintenance cost, with costs due to the failure of fixing devices accounting for over 60% of that.

[0008] Existing technologies have attempted to improve the flexibility of connection structures by using elastic gaskets or rubber buffer layers. However, such improvements can only alleviate stress caused by small displacements (≤5mm), and cannot effectively adapt to the design displacement of bridge expansion joints (typically ≥20mm). At the same time, the aging problem of elastic materials (such as the service life of rubber gaskets being only 3-5 years) leads to a significant decrease in structural reliability over time, failing to fundamentally resolve the contradiction between displacement adaptability and structural durability.

[0009] In summary, there is an urgent need for an innovative technical solution for the railing fixing device at bridge expansion joints that can actively adapt to multidimensional displacement, simplify the construction process, and have long-term reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this utility model proposes an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints. The technical problem to be solved is: how to enable the railing at bridge expansion joints to actively adapt to multi-dimensional displacement, simplify the construction process, and possess long-term reliability.

[0011] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0012] An adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints includes a fixed railing 1 and a fixed railing 2 rigidly connected to both sides of the expansion joint. The fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2 are connected by a displacement adaptive unit. The displacement adaptive unit includes an adjustable beam, an adjustable column, and a fixed column that are fixedly connected. The two ends of the adjustable beam are movably inserted into the fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2 on both sides, respectively. The adjustable column is slidably engaged with a sliding base installed on the bridge.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution for adjustable railings suitable for bridge expansion joints, the adjusting beam is connected to two adjusting columns, and sliding bases are provided on both sides of the expansion joint. The two adjusting columns are slidably engaged with the sliding bases on both sides of the expansion joint.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for adjustable railings suitable for bridge expansion joints, the sliding base includes a steel cavity set at the expansion joint, a fixed support is set inside the steel cavity, a horizontal sliding groove is set in the middle of the fixed support, and a sliding end adapted to the horizontal sliding groove is connected to the lower end of the adjusting column.

[0015] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for adjustable railings suitable for bridge expansion joints, the steel cavity includes an L-shaped steel base plate fixedly connected to the bridge, an L-shaped steel top plate detachably connected to the L-shaped steel base plate as a cover plate, a sliding base fixedly connected to the L-shaped steel base plate, and an movable hole for the adjustment column to pass through and move on the L-shaped steel top plate.

[0016] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for adjustable railings suitable for bridge expansion joints, the vertical part of the L-shaped steel base plate is directly connected to the bridge via expansion bolts, and the horizontal part of the L-shaped steel base plate and the sliding base share the expansion bolts connected to the bridge.

[0017] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for adjustable railings suitable for bridge expansion joints, the L-shaped steel base plate and the L-shaped steel top plate are connected by bolts to form a rectangular steel cavity.

[0018] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for adjustable railings suitable for bridge expansion joints, the lower end of the adjusting column and the upper end of the sliding end are connected by mutually compatible horizontal flanges.

[0019] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for adjustable railings suitable for bridge expansion joints, vertical flanges are provided at the ends of the first fixed railing, the second fixed railing, and both ends of the adjusting beam. Horizontal bolt groups are provided that slide through adjacent vertical flanges to accommodate displacement in all directions and have displacement range limitations.

[0020] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for adjustable railings suitable for bridge expansion joints, the movable plug-in joint structure includes adjusting the small diameter sections at both ends of the crossbeam and fixing the large diameter sections at the first and second ends of the railing; or the movable plug-in joint structure includes adjusting the large diameter sections at both ends of the crossbeam and fixing the small diameter sections at the first and second ends of the railing.

[0021] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for adjustable railings suitable for bridge expansion joints, the number of adjusting beams is the same as the number of fixed beams in fixed railing one and fixed railing two, and each adjusting beam is movably connected to each fixed beam.

[0022] This utility model proposes an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] First, a displacement adaptive unit is set up. The displacement adaptive unit itself can move in multiple directions, and it can also provide a relative displacement margin between fixed railing one and fixed railing two, so as to ensure the durability of fixed railing one and fixed railing two on both sides of the expansion joint.

[0024] Secondly, the displacement adaptive unit is movably connected to fixed railing one and fixed railing two in the horizontal direction, and the displacement adaptive unit is movably coordinated with the bridge through the sliding base in the vertical direction. It can adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, the dynamic deformation caused by vehicle load, and the longitudinal or lateral displacement of the bridge deck caused by uneven settlement of the foundation.

[0025] In addition, the displacement adaptive unit is detachably connected to fixed railing one and fixed railing two, and is also detachably connected to the sliding base, which not only has high construction efficiency and strong environmental adaptability, but also facilitates maintenance and replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an adjustable railing suitable for use at bridge expansion joints;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of point C in the middle.

[0031] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0032] Fixed railing 1;

[0033] Fixed railing 2;

[0034] Displacement adaptive unit 3;

[0035] Adjusting beam 31, vertical flange 311, horizontal bolt assembly 312;

[0036] Adjusting column 32, sliding end 321, horizontal flange 322;

[0037] Fixed column 33;

[0038] Sliding base 4;

[0039] Steel cavity 41, L-shaped steel bottom plate 411, L-shaped steel top plate 412, movable hole 4121;

[0040] Fixed support 42, horizontal slide 421, expansion bolt 4211, bolt 4212, nut 4213;

[0041] Bridge body 1, 5; expansion joint, 6; bridge body 2, 7. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the core concept of the present utility model and the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0043] These embodiments are provided to make the application thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​illustrated in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "several" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the permissible margin of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the permissible margin of error. Terms such as "including" or "contains" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after it, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.

[0046] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0047] All terms used in this application have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0048] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0049] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the specific implementation is as follows:

[0050] An adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints includes a fixed railing 1 and a fixed railing 2 rigidly connected to both sides of the expansion joint 6. The fixed railings 1 and 2 are identical to existing technologies, being fixed to the bridge via rigid welding or bolt anchoring combined with concrete pouring. Specifically, the fixed railings 1 and 2 are located on both sides of the expansion joint 6. The fixed railing 1 is rigidly connected to the bridge body 5 on one side of the expansion joint 6, and the fixed railing 2 is rigidly connected to the bridge body 7 on the other side of the expansion joint 6.

[0051] The fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2 are connected by a displacement adaptive unit 3. The displacement adaptive unit 3 can move relative to the bridge body 5 and the bridge body 6 on both sides of the expansion joint 6, and can also move relative to the fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2. At the same time, it provides safety protection at the expansion joint 6. The displacement adaptive unit 3, the fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2 together form the entire safety protection railing.

[0052] Specifically, the displacement adaptive unit 3 includes a fixedly connected adjusting beam 31, adjusting column 32, and fixed column 33. That is, the displacement adaptive unit 3 is mainly composed of adjusting beam 31, adjusting column 32, and fixed column 33, and the adjusting beam 31, adjusting column 32, and fixed column 33 are fixedly connected. The two ends of the adjusting beam 31 are respectively connected to the beams of the fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2. The adjusting column 32 and the fixed column 33 are connected between each adjusting beam 31. At the same time, the lower end of the adjusting column 32 extends to the bridge body 5 or the bridge body 7.

[0053] The two ends of the adjusting beam 31 are respectively movably inserted into the fixed railings 1 and 2 on both sides. That is, the two ends of the adjusting beam 31 are inserted into the beams of the fixed railings 1 and 2, or the beams of the fixed railings 1 and 2 are inserted into the two ends of the adjusting beam 31, with sufficient circumferential clearance at the insertion points. Thus, the adjusting beam 31 can move axially along the fixed railings 1 and 2, and can move within the circumferential clearance range.

[0054] The adjusting column 32 is slidably engaged with the sliding base 4 installed on the bridge. Specifically, sliding bases 4 are installed at the ends of both bridge body 1 (5) and bridge body 2 (7) near the expansion joint 6. The adjusting column 32 slides adaptively relative to the bridge via the sliding base 4. Its sliding direction can be along the width of the expansion joint, along the length of the expansion joint, or along an inclined direction. It should be noted that the adjusting column 32 is allowed to slide freely along the expansion joint direction, while its vertical displacement is restricted.

[0055] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, the adjusting beam 31 is connected to two adjusting columns 32, and sliding bases 4 are provided on both sides of the expansion joint. The two adjusting columns 32 are slidably engaged with the sliding bases 4 on both sides of the expansion joint. That is, the displacement adaptive unit 3 is provided with adjusting columns 32 on both sides of the expansion joint, and the two sliding bases 4 adapted to the two adjusting columns 32 are located on the first bridge body 5 and the second bridge body 7, respectively. Thus, the bridge on both sides of the expansion joint 6 can support the displacement adaptive unit 3, which can further ensure the stability and reliability of the entire railing.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, the sliding base 4 includes a steel cavity 41 disposed at the expansion joint, a fixed support 42 disposed inside the steel cavity 41, a horizontal sliding groove 421 disposed in the middle of the fixed support 42, and a sliding end 321 adapted to the horizontal sliding groove 421 connected to the lower end of the adjusting column 32.

[0057] The steel cavity 41 can be fixed to the bridge by expansion bolts 4211, avoiding pre-embedding or welding. Preferably, the steel cavity 41 is fixed to the end of bridge body 5 or bridge body 7. The fixing support 42 is set inside the steel cavity 41, which can play a protective role and prevent the relative sliding between the sliding end 321 and the horizontal groove 421 from being obstructed.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, the steel cavity 41 includes an L-shaped steel base plate 411 fixedly connected to the bridge, an L-shaped steel top plate 412 serving as a cover plate detachably connected to the L-shaped steel base plate 411, a sliding base 4 fixedly connected to the L-shaped steel base plate 411, and an movable hole 4121 for the adjusting column 32 to pass through and move on the L-shaped steel top plate 412. That is, the L-shaped steel base plate 411 and the L-shaped steel top plate 412 are connected end-to-end to form a rectangular cavity.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, the vertical portion of the L-shaped steel base plate 411 is directly connected to the bridge via expansion bolts 4211, and the horizontal portion of the L-shaped steel base plate 411 and the sliding base 4 share the expansion bolts 4211 connected to the bridge. That is, the expansion bolts 4211 that fix the horizontal portion of the L-shaped steel base plate 411 also pass through the sliding base 4, simultaneously fixing both the horizontal portion of the L-shaped steel base plate 411 and the sliding base 4.

[0060] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, the L-shaped steel base plate 411 and the L-shaped steel top plate 412 are connected by bolts to form a rectangular steel cavity 41. That is, the L-shaped steel base plate 411 and the L-shaped steel top plate 412 are detachably connected end-to-end by bolts 4212, and the ends of the L-shaped steel base plate 411 and the L-shaped steel top plate 412 are provided with corresponding through holes. The bolts 4212 pass through the through holes and are fixed by nuts 4213.

[0061] Preferably, the ends of the L-shaped steel base plate 411 and the L-shaped steel top plate 412 are respectively provided with mutually compatible protruding structures and concave structures, and the through holes are provided on the protruding structures and concave structures.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, the lower end of the adjusting column 32 and the upper end of the sliding end 321 are connected by a mutually compatible horizontal flange 322. The diameter of the sliding end 321 is larger than the diameter of the adjusting column 32, and the diameter of the horizontal slide groove 421 is 3-5 times the diameter of the sliding end 321. The horizontal slide groove 421 is located in the middle of the fixed support 42, and the side wall of the fixed support 42 serves as a limiting structure for the sliding end 321, preventing the sliding end 321 from moving beyond the target range.

[0063] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, vertical flanges 311 are provided at the ends of the fixed railing 1, the fixed railing 2, and both ends of the adjusting beam 31. Horizontal bolt groups 312, which accommodate displacement in all directions and limit the displacement range, are provided slidingly through adjacent vertical flanges 311. Specifically, the vertical flanges 311 have several horizontal holes, and the horizontal bolt groups 312 include several bolts. The diameter of the horizontal holes is larger than the diameter of the bolts, and a nut is provided at the end of the bolt away from the bolt head. Therefore, in the axial direction, the displacement adaptive unit 3 can move within the range between the bolt head and the nut.

[0064] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, the movable plug-in structure includes the small diameter sections at both ends of the adjusting beam 31 and the large diameter sections at the ends of the fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2, that is, the two ends of the adjusting beam 31 are respectively inserted into the ends of the fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2.

[0065] Alternatively, the movable plug-in structure includes the large-diameter sections at both ends of the adjusting beam 31 and the small-diameter sections at the ends of the fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2, that is, the two ends of the adjusting beam 31 are respectively fitted over the ends of the fixed railing 1 and the fixed railing 2.

[0066] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of an adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, the number of adjusting beams 31 is the same as the number of fixed beams in fixed railing 1 and fixed railing 2, and each adjusting beam 31 is movably inserted into each fixed beam.

[0067] Dynamic adjustment capability: The sliding groove and elastic pad work together to allow the railing to freely expand and contract within a range of ±80mm as the expansion joint moves, avoiding rigid damage.

[0068] The technical solution provided by this utility model can be modularly designed: all components are prefabricated, requiring only bolt assembly on site, thus improving construction efficiency by 50%. It is suitable for fixing guardrails at expansion joints of highways, railway bridges, and urban viaducts, and is especially suitable for areas with large temperature differences and frequent foundation settlement.

[0069] Any aspects of this utility model that are not detailed herein are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0070] The above content shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and beneficial effects of this utility model. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit it. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable railing suitable for bridge expansion joints, comprising a fixed railing one (1) and a fixed railing two (2) rigidly connected to both sides of the expansion joint, characterized in that: Fixed railing one (1) and fixed railing two (2) are connected by a displacement adaptive unit (3). The displacement adaptive unit (3) includes a fixedly connected adjusting beam (31), adjusting column (32) and fixed column (33). The two ends of the adjusting beam (31) are movably connected to the fixed railing one (1) and fixed railing two (2) on both sides, respectively. The adjusting column (32) is slidably connected to the sliding base (4) set on the bridge.

2. The adjustable railing for bridge expansion joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting beam (31) is connected to two adjusting columns (32), and sliding bases (4) are provided on both sides of the expansion joint. The two adjusting columns (32) slide in cooperation with the sliding bases (4) on both sides of the expansion joint.

3. The adjustable railing for bridge expansion joints according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sliding base (4) includes a steel cavity (41) set at the expansion joint, a fixed support (42) is set inside the steel cavity (41), a horizontal slide groove (421) is set in the middle of the fixed support (42), and a sliding end (321) adapted to the horizontal slide groove (421) is connected to the lower end of the adjusting column (32).

4. The adjustable railing for bridge expansion joints according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steel cavity (41) includes an L-shaped steel base plate (411) fixedly connected to the bridge. The L-shaped steel base plate (411) is detachably connected to an L-shaped steel top plate (412) as a cover plate. The sliding base (4) is fixedly connected to the L-shaped steel base plate (411). The L-shaped steel top plate (412) has an movable hole (4121) for the adjusting column (32) to pass through and move.

5. The adjustable railing for bridge expansion joints according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical part of the L-shaped steel base plate (411) is directly connected to the bridge by expansion bolts, and the horizontal part of the L-shaped steel base plate (411) and the sliding base (4) share the expansion bolts connected to the bridge.

6. The adjustable railing for bridge expansion joints according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The L-shaped steel bottom plate (411) and the L-shaped steel top plate (412) are connected by bolts to form a rectangular steel cavity (41).

7. The adjustable railing for bridge expansion joints according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the adjusting column (32) and the upper end of the sliding end (321) are connected by a mutually compatible horizontal flange (322).

8. The adjustable railing for bridge expansion joints according to any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, and 7, characterized in that: Vertical flanges (311) are provided at the ends of the fixed railing one (1), the ends of the fixed railing two (2), and both ends of the adjusting beam (31). Horizontal bolt groups (312) are provided to slide through the adjacent vertical flanges (311) to accommodate displacement in all directions and to limit the displacement range.

9. The adjustable railing for bridge expansion joints according to claim 8, characterized in that: The structure of the movable plug-in joint includes the small diameter sections at both ends of the adjustable crossbeam (31) and the large diameter sections at the ends of the fixed railing one (1) and the fixed railing two (2); or the structure of the movable plug-in joint includes the large diameter sections at both ends of the adjustable crossbeam (31) and the small diameter sections at the ends of the fixed railing one (1) and the fixed railing two (2).

10. The adjustable railing for bridge expansion joints according to any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, 7, and 9, characterized in that: The number of the adjusting beams (31) is the same as the number of the fixed beams in the first fixed railing (1) and the second fixed railing (2), and each adjusting beam (31) is movably connected to each fixed beam.

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