Electrostatic separation device for solid waste

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrostatic separation device for solid waste, the solid waste comprises a plastic mixture doped with metal, and the electrostatic separation device comprises a first feeding assembly, a second feeding assembly, a third feeding assembly, a third feeding assembly, a fourth feeding assembly and a fourth feeding assembly, and the first feeding assembly is used for conveying the plastic mixture doped with the metal; the magnetic separation assembly is arranged at the downstream of the feeding assembly and is used for separating metal in the plastic mixture; the second feeding assembly is arranged at the downstream of the magnetic separation assembly and is used for conveying the plastic mixture and forming a thin-layer material with a preset thickness from the plastic mixture subjected to metal removal; the electric field generating assembly is arranged on the downstream of the second feeding assembly and / or on the second feeding assembly and used for forming an electric field in the horizontal direction; the sorting assembly is arranged on the side of the electric field generating assembly and matched with the electric field generating assembly so as to separate plastic in the plastic mixture. The sorting efficiency and the sorting quality of the plastic mixture doped with the metal can be effectively improved, and the use experience feeling of a user can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of sorting equipment technology, and more particularly to an electrostatic sorting device for solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electrostatic sorting refers to machinery that uses the adhesion of static electricity to separate different materials. Electrostatic separation is a method that utilizes the different electrostatic properties of various plastics for sorting. When using electrostatic sorting, multiple sorting steps are required for various types of mixed waste plastics. Electrostatic sorting is particularly suitable for polar polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

[0003] One type of solid waste consists of plastic mixtures containing metal. Sorting these metal-containing plastic mixtures requires a complex design, and the presence of metal results in low sorting efficiency and quality, leading to a poor user experience. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to at least partially address one of the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] An exemplary embodiment of this application provides an electrostatic sorting device for solid waste, the solid waste including a plastic mixture doped with metal, the electrostatic sorting device comprising:

[0006] The first feeding assembly is used to convey a plastic mixture containing metals;

[0007] A magnetic separation component, located downstream of the first feeding component, is used to separate metals from the plastic mixture;

[0008] The second feeding assembly is located downstream of the magnetic separation assembly and is used to convey the plastic mixture and form the plastic mixture after metal removal into a thin layer of material of a predetermined thickness.

[0009] An electric field generating component is disposed downstream of the second feeding component and / or on the second feeding component, for generating a horizontal electric field;

[0010] A sorting component is disposed beside the electric field generating component and cooperates with the electric field generating component to separate plastics from the plastic mixture.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, the first feeding assembly includes a crusher and a first conveyor belt adapted to the crusher;

[0012] The crusher is used to crush plastic mixtures containing metal into materials of a predetermined particle size.

[0013] The first conveyor belt is located downstream of the crusher and is used to transport materials crushed to a predetermined particle size.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this application, the first feeding assembly further includes a humidity regulating unit;

[0015] The humidity control unit is installed inside the crusher and is used to control the humidity of the material crushed into a predetermined particle size to be within a preset range.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this application, the magnetic separation assembly includes a support, a second conveyor belt disposed on the support, and a drive motor for driving the second conveyor belt to rotate;

[0017] The support frame is provided with a receiving hopper located above the second conveyor belt, and the receiving hopper is located upstream of the second conveyor belt;

[0018] A strong magnetic roller is provided downstream of the second conveyor belt, and a first outlet and a second outlet are also provided downstream of the second conveyor belt. The first outlet is located obliquely below the second conveyor belt and is used to collect metal from the material crushed to a predetermined particle size. The material crushed to a predetermined particle size with the metal removed enters the second feeding assembly through the second outlet.

[0019] According to one embodiment of this application, the second feeding assembly includes a third conveyor belt and a scraper;

[0020] The leveling component is mounted on the third conveyor belt and is used to scrape the plastic mixture after metal removal into a thin layer of material of a predetermined thickness.

[0021] According to one embodiment of this application, the two ends of the leveling member are disposed on the third conveyor belt via adjustable members;

[0022] The adjustable component is used to control the leveling component to move in the vertical direction.

[0023] According to one embodiment of this application, the electric field generating component includes a housing, a first electric field module and a second electric field module disposed within the housing;

[0024] The first electric field module and the second electric field module are disposed opposite to each other inside the box and are located on both sides of the second feeding assembly.

[0025] According to one embodiment of this application, the first electric field module and the second electric field module adopt a needle-shaped or wire-shaped electrode array, and the electrode spacing between adjacent electrodes can be dynamically adjusted;

[0026] The dynamic adjustment range of the polar distance is 5 to 30 cm.

[0027] According to one embodiment of this application, the first electric field module and / or the second electric field module are controlled by a dual-frequency high-voltage power supply.

[0028] The dual-frequency high-voltage power supply is capable of generating a composite waveform of 50Hz + 10kHz.

[0029] According to one embodiment of this application, the sorting assembly includes a roller sorter, the surface of which is coated with a conductive coating;

[0030] The conductive coating works in conjunction with the electric field generating component to separate the plastic from the plastic mixture.

[0031] The technical advantages of this application are as follows:

[0032] An electrostatic separation device for solid waste, including a plastic mixture doped with metal, comprises: a first feeding assembly, a magnetic separation assembly, a second feeding assembly, an electric field generating assembly, and a sorting assembly. The first feeding assembly conveys the plastic mixture doped with metal. The magnetic separation assembly is located downstream of the first feeding assembly and separates the metal from the plastic mixture. The second feeding assembly is located downstream of the magnetic separation assembly and conveys the plastic mixture, forming a thin layer of material of a predetermined thickness from the metal-free plastic mixture. The electric field generating assembly is located downstream of and / or on top of the second feeding assembly and generates a horizontal electric field. The sorting assembly is located beside the electric field generating assembly and cooperates with it to separate the plastic from the plastic mixture. This electrostatic separation device effectively improves the sorting efficiency and quality of plastic mixtures doped with metal and significantly enhances the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic separation component in an electrostatic separation device for solid waste according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second feeding assembly in an electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric field generating component in an electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure label:

[0038] 100-Electrostatic sorting device;

[0039] 110. First feeding assembly; 120. Magnetic separation assembly; 121. Support frame; 122. Second conveyor belt; 1221. First outlet; 1222. Second outlet; 123. Drive motor; 124. Receiving hopper; 125. Strong magnetic roller; 130. Second feeding assembly; 131. Third conveyor belt; 132. Scraper; 133. Adjustable component; 140. Electric field generating assembly; 141. Housing; 142. First electric field module; 143. Second electric field module; 150. Sorting assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an exemplary embodiment of this application provides an electrostatic sorting device 100 for solid waste. The solid waste includes a plastic mixture doped with metals.

[0042] The electrostatic sorting device 100 includes: a first feeding assembly 110, a magnetic separation assembly 120, a second feeding assembly 130, an electric field generating assembly 140, and a sorting assembly 150.

[0043] The first feeding assembly 110 is used to convey the plastic mixture containing metal. To facilitate subsequent plastic sorting of the metal-doped plastic mixture, the metal doped within the plastic mixture is first separated. Therefore, the first feeding assembly 110 includes a crusher (not shown in the figure) and a first conveyor belt (not shown in the figure). Both the crusher and the first conveyor belt can adopt existing crushing structures and conveyor belts, which will not be described in detail here.

[0044] The crusher is used to break down plastic mixtures containing metal into materials of a predetermined particle size. This predetermined particle size can be flexibly set according to the specific type or material of the plastic. In a specific example, the predetermined particle size can range from 2 to 5 cm.

[0045] A first conveyor belt is located downstream of the crusher. This first conveyor belt is used to transport materials crushed to a predetermined particle size to downstream processes, such as to the magnetic separator 120. The crusher may be used only for crushing the plastic in a plastic mixture, or it may be used to crush both the metal and plastic in the plastic mixture.

[0046] It should be noted that a vibrating feeder can also be installed between the first feeding components 110 to ensure that the plastic mixture containing metal can be continuously and evenly conveyed to the crusher.

[0047] The magnetic separator 120 is located downstream of the first feeding assembly 110. Specifically, the magnetic separator 120 is located downstream of the first conveyor belt and is used to separate metals from the plastic mixture.

[0048] In one example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic separation assembly 120 includes a support 121, a second conveyor belt 122 disposed on the support 121, and a drive motor 123 for driving the second conveyor belt 122 to rotate.

[0049] A receiving hopper 124 is provided on the support 121 above the second conveyor belt 122. The receiving hopper 124 is located upstream of the second conveyor belt 122 and is used to receive the material of the plastic mixture containing metal that has been crushed into a predetermined particle size.

[0050] A strong magnetic roller 125 is provided downstream of the second conveyor belt 122. The strong magnetic roller 125 can be directly driven by the drive motor 123 to complete the rotation of the strong magnetic roller 125, thereby realizing the rotation of the second conveyor belt 122.

[0051] Downstream of the second conveyor belt 122, a first outlet 1221 and a second outlet 1222 are also provided. The first outlet 1221 is located diagonally below the second conveyor belt 122 and is used to collect metal from the material crushed to a predetermined particle size. The crushed material to a predetermined particle size, after removing the metal, enters the second feeding assembly 130 through the second outlet 1222.

[0052] It should be noted that the strong magnetic roller 125 can use existing technology for metal sorting, which will not be elaborated here.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the second feeding assembly 130 includes a third conveyor belt 131 and a scraper 132. The scraper 132 is disposed on the third conveyor belt 131 and is used to scrape the plastic mixture after metal removal into a thin layer of material of a predetermined thickness. The predetermined thickness may range from 3 to 6 cm to facilitate subsequent electrostatic sorting of the thin layer of material of the predetermined thickness (excluding the plastic mixture with metal), thereby improving the sorting efficiency and quality of the plastic.

[0054] In a specific example, the leveling component 132 can adopt a triangular frame structure, that is, it includes a first scraper and a second scraper, the tops of the first scraper and the second scraper are fixedly connected at a predetermined angle, and the bottoms of the first scraper and the second scraper can be on the same horizontal plane, or the bottoms of the two (i.e., the first scraper and the second scraper) can be on different horizontal planes. Depending on the type or material of the plastic, the bottom of the first scraper can be higher than the bottom of the second scraper, or the bottom of the first scraper can be lower than the bottom of the second scraper; no specific limitation is made here.

[0055] The two ends of the leveling component 132 are mounted on the third conveyor belt 131 via adjustable components 133. The adjustable components 133 are used to control the leveling component 132 to move in the vertical direction so that the relative distance between the bottom of the leveling component 132 and the top surface of the third conveyor belt 131 is adjustable, thereby achieving the scraping of the plastic mixture after metal removal into a thin layer of material of a predetermined thickness.

[0056] In one example, the adjustable component 133 can adopt a gear and rack structure or a motor-driven lead screw structure to control the leveling component 132 to move in the vertical direction. The specific gear and rack structure or motor-driven lead screw structure will not be described in detail here.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the electric field generating component 140 includes a housing 141, a first electric field module 142 and a second electric field module 143 disposed within the housing 141.

[0058] The first electric field module 142 and the second electric field module 143 are disposed opposite to each other inside the housing 141 and are located on both sides of the second feeding assembly 130. Specifically, the first electric field module 142 and the second electric field module 143 are disposed on both sides of the material conveying direction of the third conveyor belt 131.

[0059] Both the first electric field module 142 and the second electric field module 143 adopt a needle-shaped or wire-shaped electrode array arrangement, and the electrode spacing between adjacent electrodes can be dynamically adjusted. The dynamic adjustment range of the electrode spacing is 5 to 30 cm.

[0060] The operating voltage of the first electric field module 142 and the second electric field module 143 is 20-200 kV.

[0061] In a specific example, either or both of the first electric field module 142 and the second electric field module 143 are controlled by a dual-frequency high-voltage power supply. The dual-frequency high-voltage power supply can generate a composite waveform of 50Hz + 10kHz, thereby effectively ensuring the accurate electrostatic sorting of plastics in the plastic mixture after removing the metal, and thus greatly improving the sorting efficiency and quality of plastics.

[0062] The sorting assembly 150 includes a roller sorter with a conductive coating on its surface. This conductive coating works in conjunction with a first electric field module 142 and a second electric field module 143 in the electric field generating assembly 140 to separate various plastic materials from a plastic mixture via electrostatic sorting.

[0063] The electrostatic sorting device in this example can effectively improve the sorting efficiency and quality of plastic mixtures doped with metals, and can significantly improve the user experience.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first feeding assembly 110 further includes a humidity regulating unit (not shown in the figure). The humidity regulating unit is disposed in the crusher and is used to control the humidity of the material crushed into a predetermined particle size within a preset range, so as to improve the efficiency of electrostatic separation of various plastic materials in the subsequent plastic mixture in the horizontal electric field.

[0065] It should be noted that in some embodiments, a material conveying structure, such as various conveyor belts, can be provided downstream of the sorting component 150 to transport the separated plastics of different materials to designated locations. Of course, each conveyor belt can be made of antistatic material, and its speed can be adjusted between 0.5 and 3 m / s.

[0066] Additionally, structures with weighing and packaging functions can be integrated downstream of each conveyor belt to enable automatic packaging of plastics of various materials.

[0067] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electrostatic sorting device for solid waste, wherein the solid waste comprises a plastic mixture doped with metal, characterized in that, The electrostatic sorting device includes: The first feeding assembly is used to convey a plastic mixture containing metals; A magnetic separation component, located downstream of the first feeding component, is used to separate metals from the plastic mixture; The second feeding assembly is located downstream of the magnetic separation assembly and is used to convey the plastic mixture and form the plastic mixture after metal removal into a thin layer of material of a predetermined thickness. An electric field generating component is disposed downstream of the second feeding component and / or on the second feeding component, for generating a horizontal electric field; A sorting component is disposed beside the electric field generating component and cooperates with the electric field generating component to separate plastics from the plastic mixture.

2. The electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first feeding assembly includes a crusher and a first conveyor belt adapted to the crusher; The crusher is used to crush plastic mixtures containing metal into materials of a predetermined particle size. The first conveyor belt is located downstream of the crusher and is used to transport materials crushed to a predetermined particle size.

3. The electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first feeding assembly also includes a humidity control unit; The humidity control unit is installed inside the crusher and is used to control the humidity of the material crushed into a predetermined particle size to be within a preset range.

4. The electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic separation assembly includes a support frame, a second conveyor belt mounted on the support frame, and a drive motor for driving the second conveyor belt to rotate. The support frame is provided with a receiving hopper located above the second conveyor belt, and the receiving hopper is located upstream of the second conveyor belt; A strong magnetic roller is provided downstream of the second conveyor belt, and a first outlet and a second outlet are also provided downstream of the second conveyor belt. The first outlet is located obliquely below the second conveyor belt and is used to collect metal from the material crushed to a predetermined particle size. The material crushed to a predetermined particle size with the metal removed enters the second feeding assembly through the second outlet.

5. The electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second feeding assembly includes a third conveyor belt and a leveling component; The leveling component is mounted on the third conveyor belt and is used to scrape the plastic mixture after metal removal into a thin layer of material of a predetermined thickness.

6. The electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two ends of the scraper are mounted on the third conveyor belt via adjustable parts; The adjustable component is used to control the leveling component to move in the vertical direction.

7. The electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric field generating component includes a housing, a first electric field module and a second electric field module disposed inside the housing; The first electric field module and the second electric field module are disposed opposite to each other inside the box and are located on both sides of the second feeding assembly.

8. The electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first electric field module and the second electric field module adopt needle-shaped or wire-shaped electrode arrays, and the electrode spacing between adjacent electrodes can be dynamically adjusted; The dynamic adjustment range of the polar distance is 5 to 30 cm.

9. The electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first electric field module and / or the second electric field module are controlled by a dual-frequency high-voltage power supply; The dual-frequency high-voltage power supply is capable of generating a composite waveform of 50Hz + 10kHz.

10. The electrostatic sorting device for solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The sorting assembly includes a roller sorter, the surface of which is coated with a conductive coating; The conductive coating works in conjunction with the electric field generating component to separate the plastic from the plastic mixture.

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