Differential worm and gear speed reducer

Abstract

The utility model provides a differential worm and gear speed reducer which comprises a machine shell, a worm is arranged in the machine shell, transmission shafts are coaxially arranged at the two ends of the worm, the transmission shafts are rotationally installed on the machine shell, second spline shafts are arranged at the two ends of the worm, first spline shafts are arranged at the ends, close to the worm, of the transmission shafts, and spline sleeves are arranged on the first spline shafts in a sleeved mode. The spline sleeve is always arranged on the second spline shaft under pushing of the elastic mechanism, the worm is meshed with the worm gear, the worm gear movably sleeves the annular seat and is connected with the annular seat through a strip-shaped key, a differential mechanism is arranged in the annular seat, and the two ends of the differential mechanism are connected with the output shaft respectively. When the differential worm and gear speed reducer is used and the differential worm and gear speed reducer needs to be disassembled and maintained, the worm can be taken down only by opening the end cover and sliding the spline housing onto the first spline shaft, and meanwhile, the worm gear can be taken down from the annular seat by disassembling the bolts on the mounting disc and the annular seat, so that the worm and gear can be disassembled conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of speed reducer technology, specifically a differential worm gear reducer. Background Technology

[0002] A worm gear reducer is a power transmission mechanism that uses a gear speed converter to reduce the rotational speed of a motor to the desired speed and obtain a larger torque. Reducers are widely used in mechanisms for transmitting power and motion.

[0003] Worm gears primarily rely on friction for transmission, therefore requiring frequent maintenance. Maintaining worm gears is crucial for ensuring stable operation and extending the service life of mechanical equipment. Furthermore, the friction between the worm gears makes them wear-prone components in worm gear reducers, as they are more prone to wear than other gears. Therefore, worm gears need to be replaced after reaching a certain level of wear.

[0004] Since the worm gears and worm shafts inside the reducer are fixed within the machine body, disassembling them in traditional reducers is extremely inconvenient when maintenance or replacement is required. This is because the two ends of the worm gears and worm shafts are mounted on the machine body via bearings, and the bearings are fixed to the machine body with an interference fit, making disassembly difficult. Therefore, we propose a differential worm gear reducer. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a differential worm gear reducer, which has the advantage of easy disassembly of the worm gear and solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A differential worm gear reducer includes a housing, with end covers detachably provided on both sides of the housing. A worm is provided inside the housing, and a drive shaft is coaxially provided at both ends of the worm. The drive shafts are rotatably mounted on the housing. A second splined shaft is provided at both ends of the worm, and a first splined shaft is provided at the end of each drive shaft near the worm. A splined sleeve is fitted on the first splined shaft. The splined sleeve is always positioned on the second splined shaft under the push of an elastic mechanism. The worm meshes with a worm wheel, and the worm wheel is movably fitted on an annular seat and the two are connected by a bar key. A differential mechanism is provided inside the annular seat, and both ends of the differential mechanism are connected to an output shaft. The output shaft is rotatably mounted inside the end cover.

[0007] Preferably, the elastic mechanism includes a pressure spring sleeved on the first spline shaft, a first limiting ring is provided at one end of the first spline shaft near the drive shaft, a second limiting ring is provided on the spline sleeve, and the two ends of the pressure spring are in elastic contact with the second limiting ring and the first limiting ring, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, there is a clearance fit between the end of the first spline shaft and the end of the second spline shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the differential mechanism includes a mounting plate, which is coaxially connected to one end of the ring seat. The other end of the ring seat is provided with multiple supports, each of which is rotatably provided with a support shaft arranged radially to the ring seat. A second bevel gear is installed at the end of the support shaft away from the support. The output shaft is coaxial with the ring seat, and a first bevel gear is coaxially installed at the ends of the two output shafts that are close to each other. The first bevel gears are distributed on both sides of the second bevel gears, and each second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0010] Preferably, the output shaft near the mounting plate is rotatably connected to the mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, there are multiple bar keys and they are disposed on the surface of the annular seat. The bar keys are parallel to the axis of the annular seat. The inner wall of the worm gear is provided with a keyway corresponding to the bar key. When the worm gear is fitted into the annular seat, the bar key is placed in the keyway.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting plate and the annular seat are connected by fasteners.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, when the differential worm gear reducer needs to be disassembled and maintained, this utility model only requires opening the end cover and then sliding the spline sleeve onto the first spline shaft to remove the worm. At the same time, the bolts on the mounting plate and the annular seat can be removed to remove the worm gear from the annular seat, which facilitates the disassembly of the worm gear. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0016] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the casing of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the worm gear connection in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 5This is an exploded structural diagram of the worm gear connection in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a front view of the interior of the casing of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 7 This is the front view of the worm gear connection of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram showing that a motor flange is provided at one end of the housing in this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. End cover; 3. Output shaft; 4. Drive shaft; 5. Worm gear; 6. Spline sleeve; 7. Worm wheel; 8. Bar key; 9. Keyway; 10. First bevel gear; 11. Second bevel gear; 12. Support; 13. Support shaft; 14. First limiting ring; 15. Compression spring; 16. Second limiting ring; 17. Annular seat; 18. Mounting plate; 19. First spline shaft; 20. Second spline shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to its embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 8 This utility model provides a technical solution: a differential worm gear reducer, including a housing 1, with end covers 2 detachably provided on both sides of the housing 1, specifically, the edges of the end covers 2 are fastened to the edges of the housing 1 by bolts. A worm 5 is provided inside the housing 1, located at the top or bottom of the housing. Drive shafts 4 are coaxially provided at both ends of the worm 5, with a certain distance between both ends of the worm 5 and the drive shafts 4. The drive shafts 4 are rotatably mounted on the housing 1.

[0026] To facilitate disassembly of the worm 5, the two ends of the worm 5 are connected to the drive shaft 4 as follows: the two ends of the worm 5 are provided with second spline shafts 20, and the end of the drive shaft 4 near the worm 5 is provided with a first spline shaft 19. A spline sleeve 6 is fitted on the first spline shaft 19. Under the push of the elastic mechanism, the spline sleeve 6 is always placed on the second spline shaft 20. Therefore, the first spline shaft 19 and the second spline shaft 20 are connected through the spline sleeve 6. The length of the first spline shaft 19 is longer than the length of the second spline shaft 20, so that the spline sleeve 6 can slide onto the first spline shaft 19 and stay there.

[0027] The first splined shaft 19 and the second splined shaft 20 are fitted with a clearance fit, and the tolerance of the clearance fit can be zero. Since the drive shaft 4 has already been rotatably mounted on the housing 1, when installing the worm gear 5, if... Figure 7 As shown, simply place the worm gear 5 between the two first splined shafts 19. When the first splined shaft 19 and the second splined shaft 20 are coaxial, slide the splined sleeve 6 on the first splined shaft 19 onto the second splined shaft 20. At this point, the first splined shaft 19 and the second splined shaft 20 can achieve power connection. Conversely, when it is necessary to disassemble the worm gear 5, simply slide the splined sleeve 6 onto the first splined shaft 19 to remove the worm gear 5 from between the two first splined shafts 19.

[0028] To keep the spline sleeve 6 stable, its elastic mechanism plays an important auxiliary role, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the elastic mechanism includes a pressure spring 15 sleeved on the first spline shaft 19. The first spline shaft 19 is provided with a first limiting ring 14 at one end near the transmission shaft 4, and a second limiting ring 16 is provided on the spline sleeve 6. The two ends of the pressure spring 15 are in elastic contact with the second limiting ring 16 and the first limiting ring 14 respectively. Under the push of the pressure spring 15, the spline sleeve 6 is always connected to the connection between the first spline shaft 19 and the second spline shaft 20.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the worm 5 meshes with the worm wheel 7, which is movably sleeved on the annular seat 17 and the two are connected by a bar key 8. Figure 5 As shown, there are multiple bar keys 8 and they are set on the surface of the annular seat 17. The bar keys 8 are parallel to the axis of the annular seat 17. The inner wall of the worm gear 7 is provided with a keyway 9 corresponding to the bar keys 8. When the worm gear 7 is fitted into the annular seat 17, the bar keys 8 are placed in the keyway 9, so the worm gear 7 and the annular seat 17 can be stably fitted without loosening.

[0030] A differential mechanism is provided inside the annular seat 17. Both ends of the differential mechanism are connected to the output shaft 3, which is rotatably mounted inside the end cover 2. Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the differential mechanism includes a mounting plate 18, which is coaxially connected to one end of an annular seat 17, as shown. Figure 5 As shown, the output shaft 3 near the mounting plate 18 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 18, so that the mounting plate 18 is supported by the output shaft 3, and ultimately the annular seat 17 remains stable.

[0031] The other end of the annular seat 17 is provided with multiple supports 12, and each support 12 is rotatably equipped with a support shaft 13. Each support shaft 13 is radially arranged with the annular seat 17, and a second bevel gear 11 is installed at the end of the support shaft 13 away from the support 12. Figure 5As shown, the surfaces of the support 12 and the annular seat 17 are stepped, which avoids the worm gear 7 being obstructed when mounted on the annular seat 17;

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the output shaft 3 is coaxial with the ring seat 17, and a first bevel gear 10 is coaxially mounted at one end of the two output shafts 3 that are close to each other. The first bevel gear 10 is distributed on both sides of the second bevel gear 11, and each second bevel gear 11 meshes with the first bevel gear 10.

[0033] The differential mechanism works as follows: when the worm 5 drives the worm wheel 7 to rotate, the worm wheel 7 drives the ring seat 17 to rotate. When the two output shafts 3 rotate at the same speed, the second bevel gears 11 and the first bevel gear 10 remain parallel, that is, they remain stationary. At this time, the two output shafts 3 output at the same speed. When one of the two output shafts 3 has a speed difference, the second bevel gear 11 and the first bevel gear 10 will rotate relative to each other, thereby realizing the differential function.

[0034] It should be noted that, in order to make the worm gear 7 and the annular seat 17 more stable, the mounting plate 18 and the annular seat 17 are connected by fasteners. Specifically, multiple screw holes are provided at the edge of the mounting plate 18 and the inner edge of the annular seat 17, and bolts are installed in the screw holes to fix the two together.

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, the most important aspect of this application is that when the differential worm gear reducer needs to be disassembled for maintenance, only the end cover 2 needs to be opened. At this time, the first bevel gear 10 on the side away from the mounting plate 18 can be removed from the housing 1 along with the end cover 2. The housing 1 is in the following state at this time: Figure 3 As shown, at this point, simply slide the spline sleeve 6 onto the first spline shaft 19 to remove the worm 5. Then, the bolts on the mounting plate 18 and the annular seat 17 can be removed, allowing the worm gear 7 to be removed from the annular seat 17. Conversely, this facilitates the installation of the worm gear and worm wheel.

[0036] Based on the above embodiments, further optimization is possible. If the drive shaft 4 is to be connected to the motor, then a motor flange needs to be installed at the drive shaft 4, as detailed below. Figure 8 As shown, the motor flange and the drive shaft 4 are coaxially arranged. Then, the motor can be installed on the motor flange. The motor shaft and the drive shaft 4 are connected by a key.

[0037] Based on the above embodiments, further optimization can be achieved by providing sealing components between the drive shaft 4 and the housing, and between the housing and the output shaft 3.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A differential worm gear reducer, comprising a housing (1), wherein end caps (2) are detachably provided on both sides of the housing (1), characterized in that, The housing (1) is equipped with a worm gear (5), and the two ends of the worm gear (5) are coaxially equipped with transmission shafts (4), and the transmission shafts (4) are rotatably mounted on the housing (1); The worm (5) is provided with a second spline shaft (20) at both ends, and the transmission shaft (4) is provided with a first spline shaft (19) at one end near the worm (5). A spline sleeve (6) is fitted on the first spline shaft (19), and the spline sleeve (6) is always placed on the second spline shaft (20) under the push of the elastic mechanism. The worm (5) meshes with the worm wheel (7), the worm wheel (7) is movably sleeved on the ring seat (17) and the two are connected by a bar key (8). The ring seat (17) is equipped with a differential mechanism. The two ends of the differential mechanism are connected to the output shaft (3) respectively. The output shaft (3) is rotatably installed in the end cover (2).

2. The differential worm gear reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic mechanism includes a pressure spring (15) sleeved on the first spline shaft (19). The first spline shaft (19) is provided with a first limiting ring (14) at one end near the transmission shaft (4), and a second limiting ring (16) is provided on the spline sleeve (6). The two ends of the pressure spring (15) are in elastic contact with the second limiting ring (16) and the first limiting ring (14) respectively.

3. The differential worm gear reducer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, There is a clearance fit between the end of the first spline shaft (19) and the end of the second spline shaft (20).

4. The differential worm gear reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The differential mechanism includes a mounting plate (18), which is coaxially connected to one end of an annular seat (17). The other end of the annular seat (17) is provided with multiple supports (12). Each support (12) is rotatably provided with a support shaft (13) that is radially arranged with the annular seat (17). A second bevel gear (11) is installed at the end of the support shaft (13) away from the support (12). The output shaft (3) is coaxial with the ring seat (17), and a first bevel gear (10) is coaxially mounted at one end of the two output shafts (3) that are close to each other. The first bevel gear (10) is distributed on both sides of the second bevel gear (11), and each second bevel gear (11) meshes with the first bevel gear (10).

5. The differential worm gear reducer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The output shaft (3) near the mounting plate (18) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (18).

6. The differential worm gear reducer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple bar keys (8) are provided on the surface of the annular seat (17), and the bar keys (8) are parallel to the axis of the annular seat (17); The inner wall of the worm gear (7) is provided with a keyway (9) corresponding to the bar key (8). When the worm gear (7) is fitted onto the annular seat (17), the bar key (8) is placed in the keyway (9).

7. The differential worm gear reducer as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting plate (18) is connected to the ring seat (17) by fasteners.

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