On-line ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator waste gas treatment system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of incinerator waste gas treatment, and particularly relates to an online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator waste gas treatment system. Comprising a TO direct-fired incinerator, a waste gas preheater and a sound wave ash removal device. An oxidizing chamber is arranged in the TO direct-fired incinerator, and an ash collecting hopper is arranged at the bottom of the oxidizing chamber; the waste gas preheater is arranged at the top of the TO direct-fired incinerator, a shell pass inlet of the waste gas preheater is directly communicated with a flue gas outlet of the TO direct-fired incinerator, and a shell pass outlet of the waste gas preheater is connected to a rear-end dust remover; a tube pass is located in the waste gas preheater, an inlet of the tube pass is connected with a waste gas source through a waste gas blower, and an outlet of the tube pass is communicated to a combustion area of the TO direct-fired incinerator through a gas inlet pipeline; the sound wave ash removal device is installed on the waste gas preheater shell, and accumulated ash attached to the outer wall of a tube pass is stripped through sound wave high-frequency vibration. According to the utility model, efficient on-line ash removal is realized, and the heat exchange efficiency and continuous operation of equipment are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of incinerator exhaust gas treatment technology, specifically relating to an online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] Incineration technology has become the preferred method for treating organic waste gases such as silanes due to its high efficiency and thoroughness. Among them, direct-fired incinerators (TO) and regenerative thermal oxidizers (RTO) are two mainstream technologies. Compared with RTO, TO direct-fired incinerators are more suitable for treating silane waste gases because of their simple structure and resistance to clogging by silica (SiO2) powder generated during combustion.

[0003] However, the TO system still has the following key problems: 1. Furnace ash accumulation: Larger particles of silica generated from the combustion of silane exhaust gas settle to the bottom of the furnace under gravity, accumulating over time and requiring periodic shutdowns for manual cleaning, leading to frequent equipment downtime and poor operational continuity. 2. Preheater blockage: Unsettled fine particles enter the shell side of the exhaust gas preheater with the high-temperature flue gas, adhering to the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes, significantly reducing heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, cleaning of traditional shell-and-tube heat exchangers requires shutdown and cooling, severely affecting heat recovery capacity.

[0004] Third, high operation and maintenance costs: The existing dust removal method relies on manual operation, which is not only labor-intensive, but also leads to heat energy waste and production interruption due to downtime, resulting in high overall operation and maintenance costs.

[0005] Although RTO technology can partially alleviate ash accumulation by alternating the operation of regenerators, its equipment is complex, requires high investment, and has poor tolerance to high-silica dust, making it difficult to meet the long-term stable requirements for silane waste gas treatment. Therefore, how to achieve efficient online ash removal, ensure heat exchange efficiency, and maintain continuous equipment operation in TO direct-fired incinerators has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing an online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system, which achieves efficient online ash removal, ensures heat exchange efficiency, and guarantees continuous equipment operation.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0008] An online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system includes:

[0009] The TO direct-fired incinerator has an internal oxidation chamber, and at least one ash collection hopper is provided at the bottom of the oxidation chamber.

[0010] The exhaust gas preheater is located at the top of the TO direct-fired incinerator. Its shell-side inlet is directly connected to the flue gas outlet of the TO direct-fired incinerator, and its shell-side outlet is connected to the downstream dust collector. The tube side is located inside the exhaust gas preheater. The inlet of the tube side is connected to the exhaust gas source through an exhaust gas blower, and the outlet of the tube side is connected to the combustion zone of the TO direct-fired incinerator through an air inlet pipe.

[0011] At least one acoustic cleaning device is installed on the shell of the exhaust gas preheater to remove the ash adhering to the outer wall of the tube through high-frequency acoustic vibration.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0013] Furthermore, the acoustic cleaning device includes an acoustic generator and a horn that is linked to it. The acoustic generator is located on the outer wall of the exhaust gas preheater shell, and the horn is located on the inner wall of the exhaust gas preheater shell.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple acoustic generators are symmetrically distributed on the outer wall of the exhaust gas preheater shell, and one acoustic generator controls two horn openings in a coordinated manner.

[0015] Furthermore, a first thermal resistor is installed on the pipe connecting the inlet of the tube to the exhaust gas blower, and a second thermal resistor is installed on the air inlet pipe connecting the outlet of the tube.

[0016] Furthermore, a third thermal resistor is installed on the pipe connecting the shell-side outlet of the exhaust gas preheater to the downstream dust collector, and a thermocouple is installed inside the oxidation chamber.

[0017] Furthermore, a differential pressure transmitter is installed between the shell-side inlet and shell-side outlet of the exhaust gas preheater to monitor the flue gas flow resistance inside the shell of the exhaust gas preheater.

[0018] Furthermore, the combustion system of the TO direct-fired incinerator includes a burner, a gas safety valve assembly, and a combustion-supporting fan;

[0019] The burner is located below the oxidation chamber and has a burner nozzle above it;

[0020] The combustion air blower is connected to the burner and is used to deliver combustion air;

[0021] The gas safety valve assembly is connected to the burner, and natural gas enters the burner through the gas safety valve assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, there are multiple ash collection hoppers, evenly distributed at the bottom of the oxidation chamber, and each ash collection hopper is equipped with a star-shaped ash discharge valve at its bottom.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0024] 1. This utility model integrates a TO direct-fired incinerator and a waste gas preheater. The waste gas preheater is located on top of the TO direct-fired incinerator, while an ash collection hopper is installed at the bottom. Some of the silica particles generated during combustion in the TO direct-fired incinerator fall directly into the ash collection hopper at the bottom of the oxidation chamber via gravity settling, achieving online collection of ash inside the incinerator. Silica ash adhering to the outer wall of the waste gas preheater tubes is peeled off by high-frequency vibration of an acoustic cleaning device. The peeled ash is carried by the airflow into the downstream dust removal system or returned to the ash collection hopper via gravity settling. This design combines gravity settling with acoustic cleaning technology, enabling ash cleaning of the incinerator and waste gas preheater without shutdown, significantly reducing the frequency of manual maintenance, improving the continuous operation capability of the equipment, and avoiding the problems of decreased heat exchange efficiency and system blockage caused by ash accumulation.

[0025] 2. This utility model uses multi-dimensional sensors to collaboratively monitor the ash accumulation status of the exhaust gas preheater. It includes:

[0026] Temperature difference monitoring: The first and second thermal resistors monitor the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the exhaust gas preheater tubes in real time. If the temperature difference decreases significantly, it indicates that the heat exchange efficiency is reduced due to ash accumulation on the outer wall of the tubes.

[0027] Thermocouples monitor the combustion temperature in the oxidation chamber, while the third resistance thermometer monitors the flue gas temperature at the shell-side outlet of the exhaust gas preheater. If the temperature difference between the two decreases significantly, it indicates that the flue gas has not been sufficiently cooled, and ash accumulation hinders heat transfer.

[0028] Differential pressure monitoring: The differential pressure transmitter measures the flow resistance at the inlet and outlet of the shell side of the exhaust gas preheater. If the differential pressure increases significantly, it indicates that the shell side is clogged with dust.

[0029] Based on the above monitoring and judgment of the ash accumulation status, the acoustic ash removal device is activated. The ash is removed by high-frequency vibration, restoring heat exchange efficiency and flue gas circulation, thereby achieving accurate diagnosis and online treatment of ash accumulation problems and avoiding downtime maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system described in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system described in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the oxidation chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0034] 1. Exhaust gas blower; 2. Exhaust gas preheater; 3. Vent; 4. Inlet pipe; 5. Burner; 6. Burner; 7. Gas safety valve assembly; 8. Combustion fan; 9. Oxidation chamber; 10. Ash hopper; 11. Rotary rotary valve; 12. Thermocouple; 13. First resistance temperature detector (RTD); 14. Second resistance temperature detector (RTD); 15. Third resistance temperature detector (RTD); 16. Differential pressure transmitter; 17. Acoustic wave generator; 18. Natural gas; 19. Combustion air; 20. Exhaust gas source; 21. Back-end dust collector. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In the description of this application, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to implement and use the present invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention can be implemented without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0038] Example

[0039] An online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes:

[0040] The TO direct-fired incinerator is a vertical furnace with an oxidation chamber 9 inside. The bottom of the oxidation chamber 9 has 6 ash collection hoppers 10, which are evenly distributed at the bottom of the oxidation chamber 9. Each ash collection hopper 10 has a star-shaped ash discharge valve 11 at the bottom.

[0041] The exhaust gas preheater 2 is integrated with the TO direct-fired incinerator and is located on top of the TO direct-fired incinerator. Its shell-side inlet is directly connected to the flue gas outlet of the TO direct-fired incinerator, and its shell-side outlet is connected to the downstream dust collector 21. The tube side is located inside the exhaust gas preheater 2. The inlet of the tube side is connected to the exhaust gas source 20 through the exhaust gas blower 1, and the outlet of the tube side is connected to the combustion zone of the TO direct-fired incinerator through the air inlet pipe 4.

[0042] Four acoustic cleaning devices are provided, each including an acoustic generator 17 and a horn 3 linked to it. The four acoustic generators 17 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the outer wall of the exhaust gas preheater 2 shell. One acoustic generator 17 controls two horn 3 in conjunction with it. The eight horn 3 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the inner wall of the exhaust gas preheater 2 shell. They peel off the accumulated ash attached to the outer wall of the tube through high-frequency acoustic vibration.

[0043] The combustion system of the TO direct-fired incinerator includes a burner 6, a gas safety valve assembly 7, and a combustion air blower 8. The burner 6 is located below the oxidation chamber 9, and a burner 5 is provided above it. The outlet of the tube side is connected to the combustion area of ​​the burner 5 via an air inlet pipe 4. The combustion air blower 8 is connected to the burner 6 and is used to deliver combustion air 19. The gas safety valve assembly 7 is connected to the burner 6, and natural gas 18 enters the burner 6 through the gas safety valve assembly 7.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, a first thermal resistor 13 is installed on the pipe connecting the inlet of the tube side to the exhaust gas blower 1 to monitor the temperature at the inlet of the tube side, and a second thermal resistor 14 is installed on the intake pipe 4 connecting to the outlet of the tube side to monitor the temperature at the outlet of the tube side. The exhaust gas absorbs heat from the high-temperature flue gas through the exhaust gas preheater 2, and the outlet temperature should be significantly higher than the inlet temperature (e.g., rising from 30°C to 350-400°C). If ash accumulates on the outer wall of the tube side of the exhaust gas preheater 2, heat transfer is hindered, reducing the heat absorbed by the exhaust gas and causing the outlet temperature to drop. This reduces the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet, requiring ash removal.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, a third resistance thermometer 15 is installed on the pipe connecting the shell-side outlet of the exhaust gas preheater 2 to the downstream dust collector 21 to monitor the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas leaving the exhaust gas preheater 2. A thermocouple 12 is installed inside the oxidation chamber 9 to monitor the combustion temperature. The high-temperature flue gas enters the shell side of the exhaust gas preheater 2 at approximately 800°C. After heat exchange with the exhaust gas in the tube side, the temperature should drop to approximately 350-400°C. At this point, the temperature difference monitored by the thermocouple 12 and the third resistance thermometer 15 is relatively large. If ash accumulates on the outer wall of the tube side, the high-temperature flue gas cannot effectively release heat, resulting in a higher temperature of the high-temperature flue gas leaving the exhaust gas preheater 2 (e.g., still 500°C), while the combustion temperature remains at approximately 800°C. The temperature difference between the two decreases significantly, requiring ash removal.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, a differential pressure transmitter 16 is installed between the shell-side inlet and shell-side outlet of the exhaust gas preheater 2 to monitor the flue gas flow resistance within the shell of the exhaust gas preheater 2. High-temperature flue gas flows smoothly within the shell side, resulting in a low differential pressure. If ash accumulates on the outer wall of the tube side or the shell side becomes blocked, the flue gas flow channel narrows, increasing flow resistance and causing a significant increase in differential pressure, necessitating ash removal.

[0047] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0048] Exhaust gas preheating and combustion: Silane exhaust gas is sent into the tube side of exhaust gas preheater 2 by exhaust gas blower 1, where it exchanges heat countercurrently with the high-temperature flue gas (approximately 800℃) outside the tube side and inside the shell side. After the temperature rises from 30℃ to approximately 350-400℃, it enters the combustion zone of the TO direct-fired incinerator burner 5 through the inlet pipe 4. The combustion system controls the temperature of oxidation chamber 9 to ≥800℃, where the silane exhaust gas is completely oxidized to produce particulate matter such as CO2, H2O, and SiO2.

[0049] Ash separation and collection: Larger particles from the combustion particulate matter settle to the ash collection hopper 10 at the bottom of the oxidation chamber 9 due to gravity, and are periodically discharged online through the star-shaped ash discharge valve 11. Unsettled fine particles enter the shell side of the exhaust gas preheater 2 with the high-temperature flue gas. Some enter the downstream dust collector 21 with the airflow, while others adhere to the outer wall of the tube side, resulting in a decrease in heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] Online dust removal and monitoring: When the temperature difference monitored by the first thermal resistor 13 and the second thermal resistor 14 decreases, or the temperature difference monitored by the thermocouple 12 and the third thermal resistor 15 decreases, or the differential pressure transmitter 16 detects an increase in the differential pressure of the shell side of the exhaust gas preheater 2, the acoustic dust removal device is activated. The acoustic generator 17 emits high-frequency vibration waves through the horn 3 to peel off the dust accumulated on the outer wall of the tube side. The peeled dust enters the downstream dust removal system with the airflow or settles into the dust collection hopper 10, realizing online dust removal throughout the entire process.

[0051] Heat recovery and emission: The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange drops to about 350-400℃ and is discharged to the downstream dust collector 21 through the shell-side outlet; the purified exhaust gas meets the emission standards.

[0052] While embodiments or examples of this disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the methods, systems, and devices described above are merely exemplary embodiments or examples, and the scope of this utility model is not limited by these embodiments or examples, but only by the granted claims and their equivalents. Various elements in the embodiments or examples may be omitted or replaced by their equivalents. Furthermore, the steps may be performed in a different order than that described in this disclosure. Further, various elements in the embodiments or examples may be combined in various ways. Importantly, as technology evolves, many elements described herein can be replaced by equivalents that appear after this disclosure.

Claims

1. An online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system, characterized in that, include: The TO direct-fired incinerator has an oxidation chamber inside, and at least one ash collection hopper is provided at the bottom of the oxidation chamber. The exhaust gas preheater is located at the top of the TO direct-fired incinerator. Its shell-side inlet is directly connected to the flue gas outlet of the TO direct-fired incinerator, and its shell-side outlet is connected to the downstream dust collector. The tube side is located inside the exhaust gas preheater. The inlet of the tube side is connected to the exhaust gas source through an exhaust gas blower, and the outlet of the tube side is connected to the combustion zone of the TO direct-fired incinerator through an air inlet pipe. At least one acoustic cleaning device is installed on the shell of the exhaust gas preheater to remove the ash adhering to the outer wall of the tube through high-frequency acoustic vibration.

2. The online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acoustic cleaning device includes an acoustic generator and a horn that is linked to it. The acoustic generator is located on the outer wall of the exhaust gas preheater shell, and the horn is located on the inner wall of the exhaust gas preheater shell.

3. The online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple acoustic generators are symmetrically distributed on the outer wall of the exhaust gas preheater shell, and one acoustic generator controls two horn openings in a coordinated manner.

4. The online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first thermal resistor is installed on the pipe connecting the inlet of the tube to the exhaust gas blower, and a second thermal resistor is installed on the air inlet pipe connecting the outlet of the tube.

5. The online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third resistance thermometer is installed on the pipe connecting the shell outlet of the exhaust gas preheater to the downstream dust collector, and a thermocouple is installed inside the oxidation chamber.

6. The online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A differential pressure transmitter is installed between the shell-side inlet and shell-side outlet of the exhaust gas preheater to monitor the flow resistance of flue gas inside the shell of the exhaust gas preheater.

7. The online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion system of the TO direct-fired incinerator includes a burner, a gas safety valve assembly, and a combustion-supporting fan; The burner is located below the oxidation chamber and has a burner nozzle above it; The combustion air blower is connected to the burner and is used to deliver combustion air; The gas safety valve assembly is connected to the burner, and natural gas enters the burner through the gas safety valve assembly.

8. The online ash removal TO direct-fired incinerator exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple ash collection hoppers, which are evenly distributed at the bottom of the oxidation chamber, and each ash collection hopper is equipped with a star-shaped ash discharge valve at the bottom.

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