Visual test device suitable for water-rich stratum tunnel grouting reinforcement model

Abstract

The utility model relates to a visual test device suitable for a water-rich stratum tunnel grouting reinforcement model, which comprises a support base, a transparent test bin, an upper pressure mechanism, a grouting mechanism, a water injection mechanism and a pressure sensor, the transparent test bin for loading a sample is arranged on the support base, and the upper pressure mechanism acts on the upper end face of the transparent test bin; a water injection hole is formed in one end of the transparent experiment bin in the length direction, a plurality of grouting holes capable of being opened or closed are formed in the other end of the transparent experiment bin in the length direction, a plurality of monitoring holes and drainage holes capable of being opened or closed are formed in the lower end face, the water injection mechanism is connected into the water injection hole, the grouting mechanism is connected into one grouting hole, and each monitoring hole is connected with one pressure sensor. The device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, capable of effectively simulating and researching the water-rich stratum tunnel grouting reinforcement visualization process, capable of visually reflecting the diffusion rule of fluid and grout and high in visualization degree, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering testing devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to civil engineering testing devices, specifically to a visualization testing device suitable for grouting reinforcement models of tunnels in water-rich strata, and is particularly suitable for testing water-rich fractured rock masses. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of underground engineering, water-rich fractured rock masses are a common type of unfavorable geological formation. Due to their fractured rock mass, water content, and the presence of clay cement and weathered debris, their bearing capacity is poor, posing significant safety hazards to the excavation and construction of underground projects. To address this challenge, grouting technology has been widely used in underground engineering as an effective remediation method, especially in water-rich fractured strata. Pre-grouting methods are widely used to reinforce and improve the water-impermeable properties of the surrounding rock, ensuring the safe and stable operation of underground projects.

[0003] When constructing tunnels in water-rich and fractured strata, grouting technology is often used for stratum reinforcement. However, existing grouting testing equipment has the following shortcomings: it cannot achieve real-time visual observation of the grouting process; it is difficult to simulate the water pressure and confining pressure conditions in actual strata; the control precision of grouting parameters is insufficient; it cannot accurately assess the scope of the impact area after grouting and the magnitude of the water head pressure in the reinforced tunnel section after grouting; and the degree of automation in test data acquisition is low. Therefore, conducting visual experimental research on grouting reinforcement of tunnels in water-rich strata is of great significance.

[0004] To better simulate and study this process and accurately reflect the influence of factors such as water pressure and axial earth pressure on parameters such as grout diffusion and diffusion rate, there is an urgent need for a visualization device for grouting reinforcement of tunnels in water-rich strata under different load pressure conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a visual experimental device suitable for grouting reinforcement models of tunnels in water-rich strata, used to simulate the grouting reinforcement process under water-rich and fractured strata conditions, realize real-time visual observation of the grouting process, and provide experimental basis for the design of grouting parameters for underground engineering.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A visualization test device for grouting reinforcement model of tunnels in water-rich strata includes a support base, a transparent test chamber, an upper pressure mechanism, a grouting mechanism, a water injection mechanism, and a pressure sensor. The transparent test chamber, which loads the sample, is set on the support base. The upper pressure mechanism acts on the upper surface of the transparent test chamber. One end of the transparent test chamber along its length is provided with a water injection hole, and the other end along its length is provided with multiple grouting holes that can be opened or closed. The lower surface is provided with multiple monitoring holes and drainage holes that can be opened or closed. The water injection mechanism is connected to the water injection hole, and the grouting mechanism is connected to one of the grouting holes. Each monitoring hole is connected to a pressure sensor.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the support base includes at least three steel bases arranged sequentially along the length of the transparent experimental chamber; the length of the steel bases is perpendicular to the length of the transparent experimental chamber.

[0009] As a preferred option, the transparent experimental chamber is cubic in shape and made of acrylic.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the upper pressure mechanism includes at least three synchronous pressure devices and a steel frame. The steel frame is erected above the transparent experimental chamber, and the three synchronous pressure devices are arranged sequentially along the length of the transparent experimental chamber. The synchronous pressure devices are installed on the steel frame and rest on the upper surface of the transparent experimental chamber.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the grouting mechanism includes an electric grouting machine and a grouting pipe, with the electric grouting machine connected to one of the grouting holes via the grouting pipe.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the water injection mechanism includes a constant pressure water tank, a water pipe, a flow meter, a standard pressure gauge, and a gate valve. The constant pressure water tank is connected to the water injection hole through the water pipe, and the flow meter, standard pressure gauge, and gate valve are installed in the water pipe.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, there are at least three monitoring holes, arranged sequentially along the length of the transparent experimental chamber, and located at a section near the grouting end; each monitoring hole is connected to a pressure sensor via a rubber hose; the pressure sensor is mounted on a steel frame.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, multiple grouting holes are arranged along a rectangular array.

[0015] As a preferred option, the grouting pipe is a transparent rubber pipe.

[0016] As a preferred option, the upper pressure mechanism also includes a force equalizing plate, which is laid on the upper surface of the transparent experimental chamber, and the synchronous pressure devices all rest on the force equalizing plate.

[0017] This utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] This invention features a simple structure and convenient operation. The device can effectively simulate and study the visualization process of grouting reinforcement in water-rich strata tunnels, providing crucial experimental support and data for underground engineering. It can intuitively reflect the diffusion patterns of fluids and grouts, offering a high degree of visualization. It boasts high control precision, excellent simulation results, and can simultaneously apply axial pressure and water pressure. Data acquisition is comprehensive, safe, and reliable.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, this method enables visualization of the testing process; accurately simulates water pressure and confining pressure conditions; allows for precise adjustment of grouting parameters; accurately assesses the extent of the affected area after grouting and the magnitude of the water head pressure in the reinforced section of the tunnel after grouting; and facilitates the collection and reading of test data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 It is a 3D view of the visual experimental device.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side view of the visual experimental setup.

[0022] In the diagram, 1-electric grouting machine, 2-steel frame, 3-synchronous pressure device, 4-constant pressure water tank, 5-flow meter, 6-standard pressure gauge, 7-gate valve, 8-pressure sensor, 9-steel base, 10-transparent experimental chamber, 11-grouting hole, 12-grouting pipe, 13-water pipe, 14-water injection hole, 15-monitoring hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A visualization test device for grouting reinforcement model of tunnels in water-rich strata includes a support base, a transparent test chamber, an upper pressure mechanism, a grouting mechanism, a water injection mechanism, and a pressure sensor. The transparent test chamber, which loads the sample, is set on the support base. The upper pressure mechanism acts on the upper surface of the transparent test chamber. One end of the transparent test chamber along its length is provided with a water injection hole, and the other end along its length is provided with multiple grouting holes that can be opened or closed. The lower surface is provided with multiple monitoring holes and drainage holes that can be opened or closed. The water injection mechanism is connected to the water injection hole, and the grouting mechanism is connected to one of the grouting holes. Each monitoring hole is connected to a pressure sensor.

[0026] The support base includes at least three steel base sections, which are arranged sequentially along the length of the transparent experimental chamber; the length direction of the steel base sections is perpendicular to the length direction of the transparent experimental chamber. In this embodiment, the steel base sections are made of 20# I-beams welded together. Preferably, the support base and the transparent experimental chamber are fixedly connected.

[0027] The transparent experimental chamber is cubic in shape and made of acrylic. In this embodiment, the transparent experimental chamber is 1000mm long, 500mm high, and has a wall thickness of 15mm. The use of transparent material facilitates observation of the grouting process.

[0028] The upper pressure mechanism includes at least three synchronous pressure devices and a steel frame. The steel frame is erected above the transparent experimental chamber, and the three synchronous pressure devices are arranged sequentially along the length of the transparent experimental chamber. The synchronous pressure devices are mounted on the steel frame and rest against the upper surface of the transparent experimental chamber. In this embodiment, the steel frame is a portal frame structure, welded from H300×150 steel. The maximum loading force of the synchronous pressure devices is 100 kg, with three devices simultaneously applying pressure to provide axial pressure. The steel frame provides lifting reaction force for the synchronous pressure devices.

[0029] The grouting mechanism includes an electric grouting machine and a grouting pipe. The electric grouting machine is connected to one of the grouting holes through the grouting pipe. In this embodiment, the electric grouting machine has a maximum grouting pressure of 0.8 MPa, an adjustable flow rate of 0-10 L / min, a pressure control accuracy of ±0.1 MPa, and a steplessly adjustable flow rate. It has both constant pressure grouting and quantitative grouting modes. The fully automatic grouting machine controls the grouting pressure and grouting volume. The grouting hole is closed when not in use.

[0030] The water injection mechanism includes a constant pressure water tank, water pipes, a flow meter, a standard pressure gauge, and a gate valve. The constant pressure water tank is connected to the water injection hole via water pipes, which contain the flow meter, standard pressure gauge, and gate valve. In this embodiment, the water injection hole diameter is 20mm. The constant pressure water tank has a volume of 500L and is equipped with an electric booster pump, a pressure controller with a maximum pressure of 2MPa and a control accuracy of ±0.01MPa, and a water level sensor with a measurement range of 0-50L. Upon starting the constant pressure water tank and setting the target water pressure, the pressure is increased in a gradient of 0.05MPa / minute. Stability is achieved when the flow rate fluctuation is <5% for 10 minutes. The constant pressure water tank has pressure control and water level sensing functions. The water injection mechanism provides water with constant pressure and flow rate. The flow meter, standard pressure gauge, and gate valve control the injected water volume, injection pressure, and water injection on / off, respectively.

[0031] At least three monitoring holes are arranged sequentially along the length of the transparent experimental chamber, with one hole located near the grouting end. Each monitoring hole is connected to a pressure sensor via a rubber hose. The pressure sensor is mounted on a steel frame. In this embodiment, the pressure sensor has a measurement range of 0-1.5 MPa. The three monitoring holes are 6 mm in diameter. The pressure sensor is connected to the monitoring holes to monitor pressure changes at different locations within the transparent experimental chamber in real time.

[0032] Multiple grouting holes are arranged in a rectangular array. In this embodiment, there are 8 grouting holes, each 20 mm in diameter, arranged in two rows and four columns. Different grouting positions will have different effects on the grouting effect.

[0033] The grouting pipe is a transparent rubber tube. In this embodiment, a transparent rubber tube is used for the grouting pipe to facilitate observation of the grout flow.

[0034] In this embodiment, all openings in the transparent experimental chamber are connected by flanges to ensure airtightness.

[0035] The operation process of this utility model is as follows:

[0036] Select the grouting hole location, set the grouting pressure and flow rate, start the electric grouting machine to begin grouting, collect data, record the pressure sensor data every 10 seconds, take a picture of the grout front every minute, and record parameters such as grouting volume, pressure, and flow rate. The data acquisition system uses a multi-channel data acquisition instrument, which mainly collects: axial pressure, water pressure, flow rate, grouting pressure, and grouting volume.

[0037] This invention enables grouting reinforcement tests on water-rich strata under different load conditions. It simulates ballast and seepage phenomena by applying axial pressure through a synchronous pressure device and constant water pressure through a water injection mechanism, and simulates grouting tests at different locations through grouting holes. The test method includes steps such as test preparation, loading test, water injection test, grouting test, recording and saving test data, pressure recovery, and resetting the test device. The test device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, can simulate grouting reinforcement of water-rich strata, visualizes the test process, and intuitively reflects the grout diffusion law, providing a scientific basis and technical support for underground engineering construction.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The upper pressure mechanism also includes a force-equalizing plate, which is laid on the upper surface of the transparent experimental chamber, and the synchronous pressure devices all rest on the force-equalizing plate. The use of a force-equalizing plate ensures uniform force distribution and avoids stress concentration.

[0040] The parts not mentioned in this embodiment are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0041] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A visual experimental device suitable for grouting reinforcement models of tunnels in water-rich strata, characterized in that: The system includes a support base, a transparent experimental chamber, an upper pressure mechanism, a grouting mechanism, a water injection mechanism, and a pressure sensor. The transparent experimental chamber, which loads the sample, is mounted on the support base. The upper pressure mechanism acts on the upper surface of the transparent experimental chamber. One end of the transparent experimental chamber along its length has a water injection hole, and the other end along its length has multiple grouting holes that can be opened or closed. The lower surface has multiple monitoring holes and drainage holes that can be opened or closed. The water injection mechanism is connected to the water injection hole, and the grouting mechanism is connected to one of the grouting holes. Each monitoring hole is connected to a pressure sensor.

2. A visualization test device for grouting reinforcement model of tunnels in water-rich strata as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The support base includes at least three steel bases, which are arranged sequentially along the length of the transparent experimental chamber; the length of the steel bases is perpendicular to the length of the transparent experimental chamber.

3. A visualization test device for grouting reinforcement model of tunnels in water-rich strata as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent experimental chamber is cubic in shape and made of acrylic.

4. A visualization test device for a grouting reinforcement model of a tunnel in water-rich strata as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper pressure mechanism includes at least three synchronous pressure devices and a steel frame. The steel frame is erected above the transparent experimental chamber. The three synchronous pressure devices are arranged sequentially along the length of the transparent experimental chamber. The synchronous pressure devices are installed on the steel frame and rest on the upper surface of the transparent experimental chamber.

5. A visualization test device for grouting reinforcement model of tunnels in water-rich strata as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting mechanism includes an electric grouting machine and a grouting pipe. The electric grouting machine is connected to one of the grouting holes through the grouting pipe.

6. A visualization test device for a grouting reinforcement model of a tunnel in water-rich strata as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water injection mechanism includes a constant pressure water tank, water pipes, a flow meter, a standard pressure gauge, and a gate valve. The constant pressure water tank is connected to the water injection hole through a water pipe, and the flow meter, standard pressure gauge, and gate valve are installed in the water pipe.

7. A visualization test device for a grouting reinforcement model of a tunnel in water-rich strata as described in claim 4, characterized in that: There are at least three monitoring holes, arranged sequentially along the length of the transparent test chamber, and set at a section near the grouting end; each monitoring hole is connected to a pressure sensor via a rubber hose; the pressure sensor is mounted on the steel frame.

8. A visualization test device for grouting reinforcement model of tunnels in water-rich strata as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple grouting holes are arranged along a rectangular array.

9. A visualization test device for a grouting reinforcement model of a tunnel in water-rich strata as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The grouting pipe is a transparent rubber pipe.

10. A visualization test device for a grouting reinforcement model of a tunnel in water-rich strata as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The upper pressure mechanism also includes a force equalization plate, which is laid on the upper surface of the transparent experimental chamber, and the synchronous pressure devices are all pressed against the force equalization plate.

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