Energy-saving electromagnet driving control circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of power electronic technology, and discloses an energy-saving electromagnet driving control circuit. The working power supply module is used for supplying power to a CPU control module and a control output module; the commercial power zero-crossing detection module is used for detecting a zero-crossing signal of commercial power; the CPU control module is used for outputting a working signal or a stop signal of a driving electromagnet according to a received key signal; the control driving module is used for waiting for a zero-crossing signal after the working signal or the stop signal and outputting a corresponding control signal to the control output module to drive an electromagnet; the control output module waits for a mains supply zero-crossing signal after receiving the working signal or the stop signal, and then outputs a control signal to the control output module so as to drive the electromagnet to work and stop; the on-off of the electromagnet is controlled during mains supply zero passage, so that current impact generated by on-off at a voltage peak value can be avoided, the energy loss of the electromagnet during starting and stopping is reduced, and the energy-saving effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of power electronics technology, and in particular to an energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit. Background Technology

[0002] An electromagnet is a device that generates electromagnetic fields when an electric current is passed through it. A conductive coil, matching the power of the coil, is wound around an iron core. When a current is passed through the coil, it becomes magnetic, much like a magnet. Electromagnets have extremely wide applications in daily life, such as electromagnetic cranes, electromagnetic relays, electric bells, and magnetic levitation trains. Traditional DC electromagnet driving technology generally uses mechanical contact switches or semiconductor switches.

[0003] The working process of a DC electromagnet is as follows: after being energized, the excitation current of the coil rises exponentially, magnetizing the magnetic circuit including the armature. The established magnetic field exerts an attractive force on the armature; eventually, the armature is attracted into place, and the magnetic circuit is closed. After the magnetic circuit is closed, the magnetic reluctance is extremely small, and only a very small current is needed to generate sufficient magnetic flux to maintain the closure of the armature. The working process of an AC electromagnet is more complex, with greater current variations, and both the coil and the iron core will heat up due to eddy current and hysteresis losses.

[0004] Common applications of electromagnets include electromagnetic lifting devices and door locks. These devices require continuous power supply and consume a lot of energy when they are working. How to drive DC electromagnets accurately and energy-efficiently is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To obtain an electromagnet that can be controlled more precisely and has better energy-saving performance, this application provides an energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit includes a power supply module, a mains zero-crossing detection module, a CPU control module, a control drive module, and a control output module, which are coupled together.

[0007] The power supply module is used to supply power to the CPU control module and the control output module;

[0008] The mains power zero-crossing detection unit is used to detect the zero-crossing signal of the mains power.

[0009] The CPU control module is used to output a control signal or a stop signal to drive the electromagnet based on the received key signals.

[0010] The control drive module is used to receive the working signal or stop signal from the CPU control module, wait for the zero-crossing signal, and output the corresponding control signal to the control output module to drive the electromagnet.

[0011] The control output module, upon receiving the control signal, drives the electromagnet to work or stop.

[0012] Optionally, the power supply module includes a fuse F1, a transformer B1, a full-bridge Q1 unit, a filter capacitor C1, a filter capacitor C2, and a voltage regulator integrated circuit U1.

[0013] The mains power is connected to the primary side of the fuse F1 and the transformer B1, and the secondary side of the transformer B1 is connected to the full-bridge Q1 unit.

[0014] The input terminal of the voltage regulator IC U1 and one end of the filter capacitor C1 are connected to the high-voltage output terminal of the full-bridge Q1 unit; the output terminal of the voltage regulator IC U1 is connected to one end of the filter capacitor C2, and the other ends of the filter capacitor C2 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected to the low-voltage output terminal of the full-bridge Q1 unit.

[0015] Optionally, the mains zero-crossing detection unit includes diode D4, resistor R5, transistor BG2, and resistor R4;

[0016] The output terminal of the power supply module is connected to one end of the resistor R4, and the connection point is coupled to a 5V voltage source.

[0017] The anode of diode D4 is connected to the secondary side of transformer B1, the cathode of diode D4 is connected to one end of resistor R5, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the base of transistor BG2.

[0018] The other end of the resistor R4 and the connection point of the collector of the transistor BG2 are connected to the detection terminal of the CPU control module, and the emitter of the transistor BG2 is connected to the ground terminal of the CPU control module.

[0019] Optionally, the CPU control module includes a CPU chip, a working button S1, and a stop button S2;

[0020] One end of the working button S1 and the stop button S2 are connected to ground, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the CPU chip, respectively. The output terminal of the CPU chip is connected to the control drive module and the control output module.

[0021] Optionally, the control drive module includes a working control drive unit and a stop control drive unit;

[0022] The working control drive unit includes a diode D2, a resistor R1, and an optocoupler OPT1. The coupling control input terminal of the optocoupler OPT1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, and the coupling control output terminal of the optocoupler OPT1 is connected to the control output module.

[0023] The stop control drive unit includes a diode D3, a resistor R2, and an optocoupler OPT2. The coupling control input terminal of the optocoupler OPT2 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D3. The coupling control output terminal of the optocoupler OPT2 is connected to the control output module.

[0024] The anodes of the optocouplers OPT1 and OPT2 are connected to a 5V voltage source, and the cathodes are connected to the CPU control module.

[0025] Optionally, the control output module includes a preparatory circuit, a control circuit, and an electromagnet; the dual-contact relay K1 is coupled to the control output module; and the control circuit is connected to the electromagnet.

[0026] The preparatory circuit includes a dual-contact relay K1, a freewheeling diode D1, a transistor BG1, and a resistor R3. The CPU control module is connected to one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the base of the transistor BG1. The emitter of the transistor BG1 is grounded, and the collector is connected to the anode of the freewheeling diode D1 and one end of the electromagnetic winding of the dual-contact relay K1. The other end of the electromagnetic winding of the dual-contact relay K1 and the cathode of the freewheeling diode D1 are connected to the Vcc voltage.

[0027] Optionally, the control circuit includes the unidirectional thyristor T1, the unidirectional thyristor T2, the resistor R6, and the capacitor C3;

[0028] The anode of the unidirectional thyristor T1 is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor T2, and the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor T1 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional thyristor T2.

[0029] One end of the resistor R6 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional thyristor T1, and the other end is connected to one end of the capacitor C3. The other end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor T1 and one end of the electromagnet. The other end of the electromagnet and the anode of the unidirectional thyristor T1 are connected to the controlled switch of the double-contact relay K1.

[0030] Optionally, the electromagnet is made of a hard magnetic material.

[0031] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] After receiving the working signal, the control drive module waits for the mains power to cross zero, and then outputs a control signal to the control output module to drive the electromagnet to work and stop. When the mains power crosses zero, the voltage is zero. At this time, controlling the electromagnet to turn on and off can avoid the current surge caused by switching on and off at the voltage peak, and can also reduce the energy loss of the electromagnet when starting and stopping, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the electromagnet in the non-working state and improving the energy saving effect. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a circuit connection diagram of the electromagnet drive control circuit in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the description of this specification, the references to "certain embodiments," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the described embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0036] This application discloses an energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit, including a power supply module, a mains zero-crossing detection module, a CPU control module, a control drive module, and a control output module that are coupled together.

[0037] The power supply module is used to supply power to the CPU control module and the control output module.

[0038] The mains voltage zero-crossing detection unit is used to detect the zero-crossing signal of the mains voltage; it ensures that the electromagnet is switched on and off when the mains voltage crosses zero, thereby reducing the current surge of the electromagnet during startup and shutdown and reducing energy consumption.

[0039] The CPU control module is used to output control signals or stop signals to drive the electromagnet based on the received key signals.

[0040] The control drive module is used to receive the working signal or stop signal from the CPU control module, wait for the zero-crossing signal, and output the corresponding control signal to the control output module to drive the electromagnet.

[0041] The control output module, upon receiving a control signal, drives the electromagnet to work or stop.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, after receiving the working signal, the control drive module waits for the mains power to cross zero, and then outputs a control signal to the control output module to drive the electromagnet to work and stop. When the mains power crosses zero, the voltage is zero. At this time, controlling the on and off of the electromagnet can avoid the current surge caused by switching on and off at the voltage peak, and can also reduce the energy loss of the electromagnet when starting and stopping, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the electromagnet in the non-working state and improving the energy saving effect.

[0043] In addition, electromagnets can be made of hard magnetic materials, which can retain strong magnetism after the magnetic field is removed. This means that the electromagnet can still retain a certain amount of magnetism after the power is turned off, and a strong reverse magnetic field is required to demagnetize it. This means that the electromagnet can resist external interference and maintain stable magnetism when working, and has high remanence and high coercivity, which further improves the energy-saving effect.

[0044] In this embodiment of the application, as Figure 1 As shown:

[0045] The power supply module includes fuse F1, transformer B1, full-bridge Q1 unit, filter capacitor C1, filter capacitor C2, and voltage regulator IC U1; the mains zero-crossing detection unit includes diode D4, resistor R5, transistor BG2, and resistor R4; the CPU control module includes CPU chip, working button S1, and stop button S2.

[0046] The control drive module includes a working control drive unit and a stop control drive unit; the working control drive unit includes a diode D2, a resistor R1 and an optocoupler OPT1, and the stop control drive unit includes a diode D3, a resistor R2 and an optocoupler OPT2.

[0047] The control output module includes a preparatory circuit, a control circuit, and an electromagnet. The dual-contact relay K1 is coupled to the control output module, and the control circuit is connected to the electromagnet. The preparatory circuit includes the dual-contact relay K1, the freewheeling diode D1, the transistor BG1, and the resistor R3. The control circuit includes the unidirectional thyristor T1, the unidirectional thyristor T2, the resistor R6, and the capacitor C3.

[0048] The 220V AC mains power is connected to the primary side of fuse F1 and transformer B1, and the secondary side of transformer B1 is connected to the full-bridge Q1 unit; the input terminal of voltage regulator IC U1 and one end of filter capacitor C1 are connected to the high-voltage output terminal V+ of the full-bridge Q1 unit; the output terminal of voltage regulator IC U1 is connected to one end of filter capacitor C2, and the other ends of filter capacitor C2 and filter capacitor C1 are connected to the low-voltage output terminal V- of the full-bridge Q1 unit.

[0049] The output terminal of the power supply module (output pin 3 of voltage regulator IC U1, which can be a 7805 three-terminal regulator) is connected to one end of resistor R4, and the connection point is coupled to a 5V voltage source; the anode of diode D4 is connected to the secondary side of transformer B1, the cathode of diode D4 is connected to one end of resistor R5, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the base of transistor BG2; the connection point between the other end of resistor R4 and the collector of transistor BG2 is connected to the detection terminal of CPU chip (model STC11F04E can be used), and the emitter of transistor BG2 is connected to the ground terminal of CPU chip; one end of the work button S1 and the stop button S2 are connected to ground, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of CPU chip respectively;

[0050] Pin 6 of optocoupler OPT1 is connected to one end of resistor R1, and the other end of resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of diode D2. Anode pin 1 of optocoupler OPT1 is connected to a 5V voltage source, and cathode pin 2 is connected to the CPU chip.

[0051] Pin 6 of optocoupler OPT2 is connected to one end of resistor R2, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to the cathode of diode D3. Pin 1 of optocoupler OPT2 is connected to a 5V voltage source, and pin 2 of cathode is connected to the CPU chip. In this embodiment, both optocoupler OPT1 and optocoupler OPT2 can be moc3021 optocouplers.

[0052] The CPU chip is connected to one end of resistor R3, and the other end of resistor R3 is connected to the base of transistor BG1. The emitter of transistor BG1 is grounded, and the collector is connected to the anode of freewheeling diode D1 and one end of the electromagnetic winding of double-contact relay K1. The other end of the electromagnetic winding of double-contact relay K1 and the cathode of freewheeling diode D1 are connected to Vcc voltage.

[0053] The anode of unidirectional thyristor T1 is connected to the cathode of unidirectional thyristor T2, and the cathode of unidirectional thyristor T1 is connected to the anode of unidirectional thyristor T2. One end of resistor R6 is connected to the anode of unidirectional thyristor T1, and the other end is connected to one end of capacitor C3. The other end of capacitor C3 is connected to the cathode of unidirectional thyristor T1 and one end of electromagnet. The other end of electromagnet is connected to the anode of unidirectional thyristor T1 and the controlled switch of double-contact relay K1.

[0054] The specific working process of this embodiment in this application is as follows:

[0055] When the electromagnet is magnetized, the working button S1 is pressed. The CPU chip detects the press in real time and waits for the zero-crossing signal I3 provided by the mains zero-crossing detection unit. The output control signal O3 is high, which makes the relay K1 energize and prepare for operation. Then, according to the required working current, after a certain delay, the output signal O2 is a high-level periodic pulse signal during the positive half-cycle of the power supply. This controls OPT1 to conduct, which in turn controls the unidirectional thyristor T1 to output the working current corresponding to the positive working voltage at an appropriate conduction angle, driving the electromagnet to work. After a certain period of operation (0.1 seconds to several seconds), the pulse control signal ends, the relay is disconnected, the thyristor is cut off, and the whole machine enters a sleep-and-power-saving state.

[0056] When the electromagnet needs to stop working, the stop button S2 is pressed. The CPU chip detects the press in real time and waits for the zero-crossing signal I3 provided by the mains zero-crossing detection unit. The output control signal O3 is high, which makes the relay K1 energize and prepare to work. Then, according to the required working current, after a certain delay, the O1 signal is output as a high-level periodic pulse signal during the negative half-cycle of the power supply, which controls OPT2 to conduct. In turn, it controls the unidirectional thyristor T2 to output the working current corresponding to the negative working voltage at an appropriate conduction angle. After driving the electromagnet to work for a certain period of time (0.1 seconds to several seconds), the pulse control signal ends, and the whole machine enters the sleep power-saving state.

[0057] Alternatively, after a certain delay based on the required operating current, the O1 signal (high-level periodic pulse signal) and the O2 signal (high-level periodic pulse signal) are output during the negative half-cycle of the power supply and the positive half-cycle of the mains power supply, respectively, to alternately control the conduction of OPT1 and OPT2. This, in turn, controls the unidirectional thyristors T1 and T2 to output the corresponding operating current and operating voltage at appropriate conduction angles, driving the electromagnet to work. After a certain period of operation (0.1 seconds to several seconds), the pulse control signal ends, the electromagnet stops working, and the entire machine enters a sleep-and-power-saving state.

[0058] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit, characterized in that, It includes an interconnected power supply module, a mains zero-crossing detection module, a CPU control module, a control drive module, and a control output module: The power supply module is used to supply power to the CPU control module and the control output module; The mains power zero-crossing detection unit is used to detect the zero-crossing signal of the mains power. The CPU control module is used to output a control signal or a stop signal to drive the electromagnet based on the received key signals. The control drive module is used to receive the working signal or stop signal from the CPU control module, wait for the zero-crossing signal, and output the corresponding control signal to the control output module to drive the electromagnet. The control output module, upon receiving the control signal, drives the electromagnet to work or stop.

2. The energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module includes a fuse F1, a transformer B1, a full-bridge Q1 unit, a filter capacitor C1, a filter capacitor C2, and a voltage regulator integrated circuit U1. The mains power is connected to the primary side of the fuse F1 and the transformer B1, and the secondary side of the transformer B1 is connected to the full-bridge Q1 unit. The input terminal of the voltage regulator IC U1 and one end of the filter capacitor C1 are connected to the high-voltage output terminal of the full-bridge Q1 unit; the output terminal of the voltage regulator IC U1 is connected to one end of the filter capacitor C2, and the other ends of the filter capacitor C2 and the filter capacitor C1 are connected to the low-voltage output terminal of the full-bridge Q1 unit.

3. The energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mains power zero-crossing detection unit includes diode D4, resistor R5, transistor BG2, and resistor R4; The output terminal of the power supply module is connected to one end of the resistor R4, and the connection point is coupled to a 5V voltage source. The anode of diode D4 is connected to the secondary side of transformer B1, the cathode of diode D4 is connected to one end of resistor R5, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the base of transistor BG2. The other end of the resistor R4 and the connection point of the collector of the transistor BG2 are connected to the detection terminal of the CPU control module, and the emitter of the transistor BG2 is connected to the ground terminal of the CPU control module.

4. The energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CPU control module includes a CPU chip, a working button S1, and a stop button S2. One end of the working button S1 and the stop button S2 are connected to ground, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the CPU chip, respectively. The output terminal of the CPU chip is connected to the control drive module and the control output module.

5. The energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control drive module includes a working control drive unit and a stop control drive unit; The working control drive unit includes a diode D2, a resistor R1, and an optocoupler OPT1. The coupling control input terminal of the optocoupler OPT1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, and the coupling control output terminal of the optocoupler OPT1 is connected to the control output module. The stop control drive unit includes a diode D3, a resistor R2, and an optocoupler OPT2. The coupling control input terminal of the optocoupler OPT2 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D3. The coupling control output terminal of the optocoupler OPT2 is connected to the control output module. The anodes of the optocouplers OPT1 and OPT2 are connected to a 5V voltage source, and the cathodes are connected to the CPU control module.

6. The energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control output module includes a preparatory circuit, a control circuit, and an electromagnet. A double-contact relay K1 is coupled to the control output module, and the control circuit is connected to the electromagnet. The preparatory circuit includes a dual-contact relay K1, a freewheeling diode D1, a transistor BG1, and a resistor R3. The CPU control module is connected to one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the base of the transistor BG1. The emitter of the transistor BG1 is grounded, and the collector is connected to the anode of the freewheeling diode D1 and one end of the electromagnetic winding of the dual-contact relay K1. The other end of the electromagnetic winding of the dual-contact relay K1 and the cathode of the freewheeling diode D1 are connected to the Vcc voltage.

7. The energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control circuit includes a unidirectional thyristor T1, a unidirectional thyristor T2, a resistor R6, and a capacitor C3; The anode of the unidirectional thyristor T1 is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor T2, and the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor T1 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional thyristor T2. One end of the resistor R6 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional thyristor T1, and the other end is connected to one end of the capacitor C3. The other end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor T1 and one end of the electromagnet. The other end of the electromagnet and the anode of the unidirectional thyristor T1 are connected to the controlled switch of the double-contact relay K1.

8. The energy-saving electromagnet drive control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electromagnet is made of hard magnetic material.

Images