Battery safety valve and lead-acid storage battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery safety valve and a lead-acid storage battery, and belongs to the technical field of storage battery safety valves, the battery safety valve comprises a valve seat, an exhaust valve body is arranged in the valve seat, and a gas channel is arranged in the exhaust valve body; convex ribs are arranged on the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall part; the rubber cap is arranged at the air outlet end of the exhaust valve body in a sleeving mode, the top cover part is located at a port of the air outlet end of the exhaust valve body, the peripheral wall part surrounds the exhaust valve body, the protruding ribs make linear contact with the outer wall face of the exhaust valve body, and a gap is reserved between the inner wall face of the peripheral wall part and the outer wall face of the exhaust valve body. The safety valve has the beneficial effects that the inner wall surface of the rubber cap and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body are attached and sealed in a linear contact manner, so that the contact area between the rubber cap and the exhaust valve body is reduced, the safety valve is easier to open when the internal pressure of a battery is increased, and the sensitivity of the safety valve is improved; and the difference value between the opening threshold value and the closing threshold value is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery safety valve technology, and relates to a battery safety valve and a lead-acid battery. Background Technology

[0002] Lead-acid batteries are an important type of secondary chemical power source, and the safety valve is a crucial component of this type of battery, primarily serving to release gas. During charging, lead-acid batteries undergo the electrolysis of water, which decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen, leading to a decrease in internal water content and an increase in pressure. When the internal pressure exceeds a set safety value, the safety valve opens to release the gas and prevent the battery from bursting.

[0003] For example, a utility model patent with application number CN201621193448.0, entitled "Safety Valve for High-Temperature Valve-Regulated Sealed Lead-Acid Battery," describes a plunger-type safety valve with a rubber plunger installed inside the valve seat. The bottom of the rubber plunger seals the valve seat inlet. When the internal pressure of the battery reaches a threshold, high-pressure gas forces the rubber plunger to compress and deform, thereby separating the bottom of the rubber plunger from the valve seat outlet. The high-pressure gas can then be discharged from the gap between the rubber plunger and the valve seat, reducing the internal pressure of the battery. When the internal pressure of the battery is less than the threshold, the rubber plunger re-seals the valve seat inlet under its own elasticity.

[0004] The aforementioned plunger-type safety valve mainly relies on the compression characteristics of the rubber plunger. Since the safety valve operates in an acidic environment, the rubber plunger must be made of acid-resistant rubber (such as neoprene rubber or EPDM rubber). The compression deformation rate of this type of acid-resistant rubber is relatively poor (rubber creep increases). During long-term use, the compression deformation rate of this type of acid-resistant rubber will gradually decrease over time, causing the opening and closing pressure threshold of the safety valve to continuously decrease, resulting in the safety valve not meeting the design requirements.

[0005] To ensure that these plunger-type safety valves still meet design requirements after prolonged use, the initial opening and closing pressure thresholds are designed to be very high. This ensures that the design requirements are met even after the plunger rubber loses some compression deformation. In practical applications, some batteries operate under negative pressure initially and then positive pressure later. If the battery is overcharged, the high initial opening and closing pressure thresholds of the safety valve prevent the timely release of gas inside the battery, causing the battery casing to expand, preventing discharge, and leading to thermal runaway.

[0006] For the reasons mentioned above, there are still some cap-type safety valves. For example, there is an invention patent with application number CN200710114374.6 entitled "Safety Valve for Lead-acid Battery". This safety valve has a rubber cap that seals the vent. When the internal pressure of the battery reaches a threshold, the high-pressure gas forces the rubber cap to stretch and deform, thereby leaving the safety valve through the vent.

[0007] The aforementioned safety valve primarily utilizes the tensile properties of the rubber cap. Because the tensile characteristics of rubber are superior to its compressive characteristics, this type of cap-type safety valve has a longer service life. Even after prolonged use, the rubber cap only loses a small amount of tensile deformation, ensuring that the safety valve still meets design requirements after extended use. More importantly, the opening and closing pressure threshold of this type of cap-type safety valve changes minimally throughout its service life, exhibiting highly stable operating performance.

[0008] However, in the aforementioned lead-acid battery safety valve, the inner wall of the cap and the outer wall of the vent are bonded together through surface contact, which makes the cap prone to sticking to the outer wall of the vent. When the pressure inside the battery reaches the opening threshold, the cap may have difficulty opening, resulting in the opening pressure threshold of the safety valve being larger than the design value, and the difference between the opening threshold and the closing threshold being large, leading to low sensitivity of the safety valve. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing a battery safety valve and a lead-acid battery.

[0010] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: a battery safety valve, comprising:

[0011] A valve seat, wherein an exhaust valve body is provided inside the valve seat, and a gas passage is provided inside the exhaust valve body;

[0012] A rubber cap, the rubber cap including a top cover and a peripheral wall portion formed by bending and extending the outer edge of the top cover, the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall portion is provided with a rib, the rib being a closed annular structure extending circumferentially along the peripheral wall portion;

[0013] The cap is fitted onto the outlet end of the exhaust valve body, the top cover is located at the port of the outlet end of the exhaust valve body, the peripheral wall surrounds the exhaust valve body, the rib is in contact with the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body, and a gap is reserved between the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall surface of the top cover portion, the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall portion, the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body, and the rib enclose a gap cavity, and the rib blocks the communication path between the gap cavity and the interior of the valve seat.

[0015] Preferably, at least one ventilation notch is provided on the end face of the exhaust valve body's outlet end, the top cover covers the end face of the exhaust valve body's outlet end, and the gap cavity communicates with the gas passage through the ventilation notch.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the rib gradually decreases in the direction away from the peripheral wall portion.

[0017] Preferably, the rubber cap is made of fluororubber, fluorosilicone rubber, neoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, or EPDM rubber.

[0018] Preferably, when the pressure inside the exhaust valve body is greater than the opening threshold, the rubber cap stretches and deforms and the rib separates from the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body; when the pressure inside the exhaust valve body is less than the closing threshold, the rib contacts the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body under the elastic action of the inward contraction of the peripheral wall portion, and the rubber cap seals the exhaust valve body's outlet end.

[0019] Preferably, the air inlet end of the exhaust valve body is provided with a first inclined buffer surface and a second inclined buffer surface. There is a height difference between the end of the first inclined buffer surface and the end of the second inclined buffer surface in the axial direction of the exhaust valve body. An air inlet is provided between the end of the first inclined buffer surface and the end of the second inclined buffer surface. The plane where the air inlet is located is not perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas channel.

[0020] Preferably, the plane containing the air inlet is perpendicular to the radial direction of the gas passage.

[0021] Preferably, a partition plate is provided between the inner wall surface of the valve seat and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body. The partition plate separates an upper cavity region and a lower cavity region inside the valve seat. The air inlet end of the exhaust valve body is located in the lower cavity region, and the air outlet end of the exhaust valve body is located in the upper cavity region. The upper cavity region and the lower cavity region are connected through the gas channel.

[0022] Preferably, an acid filter seat is installed inside the valve seat, the acid filter seat is sealed in the upper cavity area, the acid filter seat presses against the top cover and the top cover is in contact with the end face of the exhaust valve body.

[0023] Preferably, the acid filter seat is provided with a plurality of air holes, and an acid filter sheet is installed on the acid filter seat, the acid filter sheet sealing each of the air holes.

[0024] Preferably, the filter sheet is configured as a polypropylene, polyethylene, or polytetrafluoroethylene component with ventilated micropores.

[0025] Preferably, a storage cavity is formed by the isolation plate, the acid filter seat, the inner wall of the valve seat, and the outer wall of the exhaust valve body.

[0026] Preferably, the valve seat is fitted with a valve cover, the valve cover seals the port of the upper cavity region, and the valve cover is fitted with an explosion-proof plate.

[0027] Preferably, the explosion-proof sheet is an alumina component with ventilation micropores.

[0028] Preferably, the valve seat is provided with an annular locking groove on one end face corresponding to the upper cavity region, and the valve cover is provided with an annular locking block, the annular locking block being embedded in the annular locking groove.

[0029] Preferably, the valve seat is equipped with a bottom cover, the bottom cover seals the port of the lower cavity region, and the valve seat is provided with an air inlet notch on one end face corresponding to the lower cavity region, the lower cavity region can communicate with the inside of the battery through the air inlet notch.

[0030] Preferably, the outer wall surface of the valve seat is provided with a snap fastener.

[0031] Preferably, the valve seat is made of ABS plastic, polypropylene plastic, polyphenylene ether plastic, polyphenylene sulfide plastic, or high-impact polystyrene plastic.

[0032] A lead-acid battery includes the battery safety valve and a battery body, wherein the valve seat is connected to the battery body by a snap-fit.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0034] 1. The inner wall of the cap and the outer wall of the exhaust valve body are sealed by line contact, which reduces the contact area between the cap and the exhaust valve body. This makes it easier for the safety valve to open when the internal pressure of the battery increases, improves the sensitivity of the safety valve, and reduces the difference between the opening threshold and the closing threshold.

[0035] 2. The first and second inclined buffer surfaces, through their inclined design, buffer high-pressure gas and acid mist. Acid mist impacting the first and second inclined buffer surfaces accumulates as liquid and falls back into the battery. The air inlet is essentially the gas entrance of the gas channel. The air inlet has no projection or only a narrow slit-like projection on the horizontal plane (the plane perpendicular to the gas channel), so high-pressure gas and acid mist cannot directly enter the air inlet. This eliminates the direct impact of high-pressure gas and acid mist, thus preventing the internal components of the safety valve from being wetted by acid mist.

[0036] 3. The acid filter plate can both prevent acid mist from passing through and allow gas to pass through. Furthermore, it also prevents a large amount of gas from escaping. During depressurization, the gas exiting the gap cavity rushes towards the acid filter seat. The gas passes sequentially through the pores on the filter seat and the acid filter plate, while the acid mist in the gas is blocked by the filter plate. The acid filter seat and filter plate effectively filter and limit the flow of the discharged gas, enabling this safety valve to pass the acid mist prevention performance test. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the battery safety valve of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structure explodes.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the rubber cap and the exhaust valve body of this utility model.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the acid filter seat of this utility model.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the valve seat of this utility model.

[0042] Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the battery safety valve of this utility model.

[0043] In the diagram, 100 is the valve seat; 110 is the gap cavity; 120 is the storage cavity; 130 is the isolation plate; 140 is the upper cavity area; 150 is the lower cavity area; 160 is the annular locking groove; 170 is the pry opening; 180 is the buckle; 190 is the air inlet notch; 200 is the exhaust valve body; 210 is the gas passage; 211 is the air inlet; 220 is the vent notch; 230 is the first inclined buffer surface; 240 is the second inclined buffer surface; 300 is the rubber cap; 310 is the top cover; 320 is the peripheral wall; 321 is the rib; 400 is the acid filter seat; 410 is the vent; 420 is the acid filter sheet; 500 is the valve cover; 510 is the explosion-proof sheet; 520 is the annular locking block; and 600 is the bottom cover. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a battery safety valve includes:

[0046] Valve seat 100, with exhaust valve body 200 inside the valve seat 100, and gas passage 210 inside the exhaust valve body 200;

[0047] The cap 300 includes a top cover portion 310 and a peripheral wall portion 320 formed by bending and extending the outer edge of the top cover portion 310. A rib 321 is provided on the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall portion 320. The rib 321 is a ring-shaped closed structure that extends circumferentially along the peripheral wall portion 320.

[0048] The cap 300 is fitted onto the air outlet end of the exhaust valve body 200. The top cover 310 is located at the port of the air outlet end of the exhaust valve body 200. The peripheral wall 320 surrounds the exhaust valve body 200. The rib 321 contacts the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200 to form a sealing surface. A gap is reserved between the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall 320 and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200.

[0049] The valve seat 100 and the exhaust valve body 200 are integrally formed. The valve seat 100 can be fixedly connected to the battery casing via a snap fastener 180. Gas inside the battery casing can be discharged through the gas passage 210 of the exhaust valve body 200. The rubber cap 300 is used to seal the outlet end of the exhaust valve body 200. The rubber cap 300 is made of a rubber component with acid resistance and good elasticity. A raised rib 321 is provided on the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall portion 320. Under the elasticity of the peripheral wall portion 320 itself, the raised rib 321 forms a line contact with the outer wall of the exhaust valve body 200 to form a sealing surface, thereby reducing the contact area between the peripheral wall portion 320 and the exhaust valve body 200 while ensuring that the outlet end of the exhaust valve body 200 is sealed.

[0050] The battery safety valve works as follows: the rib 321 makes line contact with the outer wall of the exhaust valve body 200, forming an effective sealing surface. The air inlet of the exhaust valve body 200 is connected to the inside of the battery. When the pressure inside the battery is less than the opening threshold, the pressure on the cap 300 (i.e., the pressure in the gap cavity 110) is insufficient to stretch and deform the cap 300, and the safety valve does not release air at this time. When the pressure inside the battery rises to the opening threshold during charging and discharging, the pressure on the cap 300 causes it to stretch and deform, resulting in partial or complete separation of the rib 321 from the outer wall of the exhaust valve body 200. At this time, the gas inside the battery can be discharged through the gas channel 210. After the pressure is released, when the pressure inside the battery drops to the closing threshold, the cap 300 returns to its original shape due to its elasticity, and the rib 321 re-makes line contact with the outer wall of the exhaust valve body 200, thereby closing the safety valve.

[0051] It should be noted that this safety valve is used in lead-acid batteries. Because lead-acid batteries contain water in their electrolyte, during overcharging and over-discharging, gases (hydrogen and oxygen) continuously accumulate inside the battery, causing the internal pressure to rise. Excessive internal pressure can lead to a series of problems, such as battery casing expansion or rupture, and the battery cells failing to discharge fully due to excessive internal pressure. The main function of the safety valve is to open promptly when the internal pressure reaches the opening threshold, thereby releasing the gas and reducing the internal pressure. Another function of the safety valve is to automatically close when the internal pressure falls below the closing threshold, preventing external gases from entering the battery and preventing unnecessary release of hydrogen and oxygen, thus avoiding premature drying of the battery (i.e., preventing excessive water loss from the electrolyte).

[0052] The opening threshold (opening pressure threshold) and closing threshold (closing pressure threshold) mentioned above are two crucial performance parameters of safety valves. These thresholds affect the discharge performance and lifespan of lead-acid batteries, as well as their voltage. If the opening threshold is too high, the battery may swell due to internal pressure; if the closing threshold is too low, excessive gas release may occur, leading to electrolyte evaporation. The difference between the opening and closing thresholds needs to be minimized to effectively prevent electrolyte loss. Furthermore, the opening and closing thresholds are primarily determined by the performance of the safety valve's rubber components. The performance of these components deteriorates over time, meaning the opening and closing pressure thresholds of the safety valve are not constant but decrease over time. Ensuring minimal loss of the opening and closing pressure thresholds within the design lifespan is a key criterion for evaluating the quality of a safety valve design.

[0053] For existing plunger-type safety valves, they mainly rely on the compression characteristics of the rubber plunger. However, due to frequent compression deformation and aging of the rubber components, the compression deformation rate gradually decreases over time, causing the opening and closing pressure thresholds of these safety valves to continuously decrease. Furthermore, some plunger-type safety valves, in order to ensure that the opening and closing pressure thresholds meet design requirements throughout their normal service life, have very high initial opening and closing pressure thresholds, which can easily lead to excessive pressure in the battery.

[0054] This safety valve employs a cap-type design, primarily relying on the tensile properties of the rubber cap 300. Since rubber exhibits better tensile characteristics than compressive characteristics, the cap 300 experiences less loss in tensile deformation rate after frequent stretching and aging. Consequently, its opening and closing pressure threshold loss is minimal. Therefore, in this safety valve, the initial opening and closing pressure threshold can be designed to be relatively low, ensuring that excessive internal battery pressure is prevented even during initial use. Furthermore, because this design utilizes the tensile characteristics of the cap 300, the closing pressure threshold can be made close to the opening pressure threshold, thereby reducing the opening and closing pressure difference.

[0055] In addition, some safety valves currently use a cap design. However, the cap 300 of this type of safety valve is connected to the port by a surface contact. Surface contact can easily cause the cap 300 and the port to stick together, which in turn leads to a higher opening pressure threshold of the safety valve, resulting in reduced sensitivity and a relatively large opening-closing pressure difference.

[0056] In this safety valve, the inner wall of the cap 300 and the outer wall of the exhaust valve body 200 are sealed by line contact, which reduces the contact area between the cap 300 and the exhaust valve body 200, making it easier for the safety valve to open when the internal pressure of the battery increases, improving the sensitivity of the safety valve, and reducing the difference between the opening threshold and the closing threshold.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 5 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the inner wall surface of the top cover 310, the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall 320, the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200, and the rib 321 surround to form a gap cavity 110, and the rib 321 blocks the communication path between the gap cavity 110 and the interior of the valve seat 100.

[0058] The gap cavity 110 is actually an annular sealed cavity between the rubber cap 300 and the exhaust valve body 200. Since the rib 321 and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200 are in contact, the sealing surface formed by the two seals the outlet of the gap.

[0059] The gap cavity 110 is only connected to the gas channel 210. The air inlet 211 of the gas channel 210 is connected to the inside of the battery. Gas inside the battery enters the gap cavity 110 after passing through the gas channel 210 and is sealed by the rib 321. Under normal circumstances, even if the pressure inside the battery increases, the gas cannot be directly discharged through the gap cavity 110 unless the pressure inside the battery reaches the opening threshold, causing the cap 300 to stretch and deform, causing the rib 321 to separate from the outer wall of the exhaust valve body 200, thereby allowing the gas to be discharged through the gap cavity 110.

[0060] Based on the above embodiments, at least one ventilation notch 220 is provided on the end face of the exhaust valve body 200 at the exhaust end, and the top cover 310 covers the end face of the exhaust valve body 200 at the exhaust end. The gap cavity 110 is connected to the gas channel 210 through the ventilation notch 220.

[0061] Because the top cover 310 seals the end face of the exhaust valve body 200, at least one ventilation notch 220 is specially opened on the end face of the exhaust end to ensure the communication between the gas passage 210 and the gap cavity 110. The top cover 310 does not seal the ventilation notch 220, so the ventilation notch 220 can be used to connect the gap cavity 110 and the gas passage 210. During the exhaust and depressurization process, the gas inside the battery casing enters the gas passage 210 of the exhaust valve body 200, and the gas in the gas passage 210 enters the gap cavity 110 through the ventilation notch 220, and then is discharged through the notch between the rib 321 and the outer wall of the exhaust valve body 200.

[0062] Based on the above embodiment, the thickness of the rib 321 gradually decreases in the direction away from the peripheral wall portion 320. By designing the thickness of the rib 321 to gradually decrease in the direction away from the peripheral wall portion 320, the portion of the rib 321 that contacts the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200 can be made as thin as possible. The thinnest portion ensures that the contact between the rib 321 and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200 is a line contact rather than a surface contact. Compared to a surface contact, line contact greatly reduces the actual contact area between the two, thereby improving the sensitivity of the safety valve and reducing the opening and closing pressure difference.

[0063] In the example, the rib 321 is located at the opening of the cap 300, and its cross-section has a hook-shaped protrusion structure.

[0064] Based on the above embodiments, the rubber cap 300 is configured as a fluororubber component, a fluorosilicone rubber component, a neoprene rubber component, a nitrile rubber component, or an EPDM rubber component.

[0065] Based on the above implementation method, when the pressure inside the exhaust valve body 200 is greater than the opening threshold, the rubber cap 300 is stretched and deformed and the rib 321 separates from the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200; when the pressure inside the exhaust valve body 200 is less than the closing threshold, the rib 321 contacts the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200 under the elastic action of the inward contraction of the peripheral wall portion 320, and the rubber cap 300 seals the exhaust end of the exhaust valve body 200.

[0066] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the air intake end of the exhaust valve body 200 is provided with a first inclined buffer surface 230 and a second inclined buffer surface 240. There is a height difference between the end of the first inclined buffer surface 230 and the end of the second inclined buffer surface 240 in the axial direction of the exhaust valve body 200. There is an air inlet 211 between the end of the first inclined buffer surface 230 and the end of the second inclined buffer surface 240. The plane where the air inlet 211 is located is not perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas channel 210.

[0067] When the internal pressure of the battery increases dramatically, the gas carries acid mist that impacts the air inlet 211 of the gas channel 210, and the acid mist also wets the components inside the safety valve. To eliminate the impact of the gas and the effects of the acid mist, a first inclined buffer surface 230 and a second inclined buffer surface 240 are specially provided at the air inlet end of the exhaust valve body 200, and the air inlet 211 is not horizontal (not perpendicular to the axis of the gas channel 210).

[0068] The first inclined buffer surface 230 and the second inclined buffer surface 240 can buffer high-pressure gas and acid mist through the inclined surface design. When acid mist impacts the first inclined buffer surface 230 and the second inclined buffer surface 240, it can accumulate into liquid and fall back into the battery.

[0069] The air inlet 211 is actually the gas inlet of the gas channel 210. The air inlet 211 has no projection or only a narrow slit-like projection on the horizontal plane (the plane perpendicular to the gas channel 210). Therefore, high-pressure gas and acid mist cannot directly rush into the air inlet 211, thus eliminating the direct impact of high-pressure gas and acid mist, thereby preventing the internal components of the safety valve from being wetted by acid mist.

[0070] Based on the above implementation, the plane of the air inlet 211 is perpendicular to the radial direction of the gas channel 210. This design ensures that the incident angle between the high-pressure gas and acid mist and the plane of the air inlet 211 is 0°, effectively preventing the high-pressure gas and acid mist from directly entering the air inlet 211 and ensuring that the acid mist does not enter the safety valve.

[0071] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, based on the above embodiment, an isolation plate 130 is provided between the inner wall surface of the valve seat 100 and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200. The isolation plate 130 divides the valve seat 100 into an upper cavity region 140 and a lower cavity region 150. The air inlet end of the exhaust valve body 200 is located in the lower cavity region 150, and the air outlet end of the exhaust valve body 200 is located in the upper cavity region 140. The upper cavity region 140 and the lower cavity region 150 are connected through a gas channel 210.

[0072] The upper chamber region 140 and the lower chamber region 150 are separated and can only be connected through the gas passage 210. When the valve seat 100 is installed on the battery casing, the lower chamber region 150 is connected to the inside of the battery, and the upper chamber region 140 is connected to the atmosphere. After the valve seat 100 is installed on the battery casing, the gas inside the battery enters the lower chamber region 150, and then enters the gap chamber 110 through the air inlet passage and the vent 220. When the pressure inside the battery rises to the opening threshold, the cap 300 stretches and deforms, thereby allowing high-pressure gas to enter the upper chamber region 140 from the gap chamber 110, and finally be discharged to the atmosphere.

[0073] Based on the above embodiments, an acid filter seat 400 is installed inside the valve seat 100. The acid filter seat 400 is sealed in the upper cavity region 140. The acid filter seat 400 presses against the top cover 310 and makes the top cover 310 fit with the end face of the exhaust valve body 200.

[0074] One of the functions of the filter seat 400 is to press down the top cover 310, thereby fixing the cap 300 to the air outlet end of the exhaust valve body 200 and preventing the cap 300 from being lifted by high-pressure gas. In other words, the filter seat 400 can restrict the axial movement of the cap 300, so that the cap 300 is firmly fitted on the air outlet end of the exhaust valve body 200.

[0075] Based on the above embodiments, the acid filter holder 400 is provided with a plurality of air holes 410, and an acid filter sheet 420 is installed on the acid filter holder 400, which seals each air hole 410.

[0076] The filter plate 420 can both prevent acid mist from passing through and allow gas to pass through. Furthermore, the filter plate 420 can also prevent a large amount of gas from escaping. During the pressure relief process, the gas exiting the gap chamber 110 rushes towards the filter seat 400. The gas can pass through the vents 410 on the filter seat 400 and then through the filter plate 420, while the acid mist in the gas is blocked by the filter plate 420. The filter seat 400 and the filter plate 420 can filter and limit the flow of the discharged gas, enabling this safety valve to pass the acid mist prevention performance test.

[0077] Based on the above embodiments, the filter sheet 420 is configured as a polypropylene part, a polyethylene part, or a polytetrafluoroethylene part (PP / PE / PTFE material) with ventilation micropores.

[0078] Polypropylene materials have good resistance to most acids, alkalis and organic solvents, and the pore size of the ventilating micropores is approximately 30 to 50 nanometers. These ventilating micropores can effectively block large particles of acid mist while allowing gas to pass through.

[0079] The acid filter 420 effectively captures and separates acid mist particles escaping with high-pressure gas, preventing these acidic substances from damaging external components and reducing environmental pollution risks. Polypropylene, a widely used engineering plastic, offers excellent value for money because it is relatively inexpensive while meeting the aforementioned key requirements.

[0080] Based on the above embodiment, a storage cavity 120 is formed by the enclosure plate 130, the acid filter seat 400, the inner wall surface of the valve seat 100, and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body 200. Gas discharged from the gap cavity 110 enters the storage cavity 120 and then passes through the acid filter seat 400. The storage cavity 120 can temporarily store acid mist blocked by the acid filter sheet 420.

[0081] When the high-pressure gas carrying acid mist leaves the gap cavity 110, it first passes through the acid filter 420 (a microporous filter made of PP / PE / PTFE material). The liquid particles in the acid mist are intercepted by the acid filter 420 and condensed into droplets, which fall into the storage cavity 120 under the action of gravity for temporary storage, thus preventing the acid mist from wetting the acid filter 420.

[0082] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the valve seat 100 is equipped with a valve cover 500, which seals the port of the upper cavity region 140. The valve cover 500 is also equipped with an explosion-proof plate 510. The explosion-proof plate 510 can prevent high-pressure gas from directly rushing out of the upper cavity region 140 and prevent open flames from entering the battery and igniting hydrogen gas.

[0083] Specifically, the gas discharged from the safety valve mainly consists of hydrogen and oxygen. Since the hydrogen gas, after passing through the explosion-proof disc 510 and being released into the atmosphere, may be ignited, without the disc 510, an open flame could potentially enter the battery through the safety valve, causing an explosion. The explosion-proof disc 510 blocks the open flame, thus protecting the battery. Furthermore, it prevents an open flame from entering the safety valve and melting the filter sheet 420 and the cap 300.

[0084] Based on the above embodiments, the explosion-proof sheet 510 is configured as an alumina part with ventilation micropores.

[0085] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the valve seat 100 is provided with an annular locking groove 160 on one end face corresponding to the upper cavity region 140, and the valve cover 500 is provided with an annular locking block 520, which is embedded in the annular locking groove 160.

[0086] Preferably, the valve seat 100 is provided with a pry opening 170 on one end face corresponding to the upper cavity region 140. This means that the contact surface between the valve cover 500 and the valve seat 100 is not completely closed, but has a notch structure with the pry opening 170. The pry opening 170 can provide a force point for prying. When it is necessary to remove the valve cover 500, a fingernail or pry bar can be inserted into the pry opening 170, and then the valve cover 500 can be pried off or removed from the valve seat 100 to facilitate the removal of the valve cover 500.

[0087] It should also be noted that the design of the pry opening 170 also serves to expel trapped air from the annular locking groove 160. When the annular locking block 520 is embedded in the annular locking groove 160, if the gas embedded in the annular locking groove 160 cannot be expelled, the annular locking block 520 cannot be completely embedded in the annular locking groove 160 due to air pressure. However, with the pry opening 170 designed, as the annular locking block 520 is embedded, the gas in the annular locking groove 160 is expelled from the pry opening 170, so that the annular locking block 520 and the annular locking groove 160 are tightly fitted together.

[0088] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the valve seat 100 is equipped with a bottom cover 600, which seals the port of the lower cavity region 150. The valve seat 100 is provided with an air inlet 190 on one end face corresponding to the lower cavity region 150, and the lower cavity region 150 can communicate with the inside of the battery through the air inlet 190.

[0089] The main function of the bottom cover 600 is to seal the port of the lower chamber area 150 to prevent high-pressure gas in the battery from directly rushing into the lower chamber area 150. The high-pressure gas can only enter the lower chamber area 150 through the air inlet 190 on the side of the valve seat 100, which reduces the instantaneous impact force of the high-pressure gas on the inside of the safety valve.

[0090] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the outer wall surface of the valve seat 100 is provided with a snap fastener 180.

[0091] Since the valve seat 100 is made of ABS plastic, polypropylene plastic, polyphenylene ether plastic, polyphenylene sulfide plastic, or high-impact polystyrene plastic, the buckle 180 on the outer wall of the valve seat 100 is also made of ABS, PP, PPO, PPS, or HIPS plastic, which has high structural strength and hardness, ensuring the connection strength between the valve seat 100 and the battery casing. Furthermore, when the valve seat 100 is subjected to high pressure inside the battery, the buckle 180 on the outer wall of the valve seat 100 is not easy to break or fall off.

[0092] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, based on the above embodiment, a lead-acid battery includes a battery safety valve and a battery body. The valve seat 100 is connected to the battery body via a snap-fit ​​180. The snap-fit ​​180 design allows the valve seat 100 to be quickly and accurately installed onto the battery body. In the actual installation process, the valve cover 500 needs to be removed first. A hex wrench is inserted into the hexagonal groove inside the valve seat 100 (the opening of the upper cavity area 140). Then, the valve seat 100 is pressed down, and the valve seat 100 is tightened with the hex wrench to make the valve seat 100 secure to the battery body. Finally, the valve cover 500 is installed.

[0093] When the battery is operating normally, gas enters the lower chamber region 150 from inside the battery through the air inlet 190. The high-pressure gas first impacts the first inclined buffer surface 230 and the second inclined buffer surface 240 in the lower chamber region 150. During this process, the acid mist is separated and flows back into the battery. The cap 300 remains sealed, and the gas cannot enter the upper chamber region 140 through the cap 300.

[0094] When the internal pressure of the battery rises to the opening threshold, the cap 300 is stretched and deformed by sufficient radial pressure, the rib 321 detaches from the outer wall of the exhaust valve body 200, the high pressure gas leaves the gap cavity 110 and enters the storage cavity 120, and then is further filtered by the filter acid sheet 420 and discharged to the atmosphere through the explosion-proof sheet 510.

[0095] When the internal pressure of the battery drops to the closing threshold, the cap 300 resets itself due to its elasticity, restoring the line contact seal with the outer wall of the exhaust valve body 200, at which point the safety valve stops venting.

[0096] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0097] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0098] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0099] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery safety valve, characterized in that, include: A valve seat (100) is provided inside the valve seat (100), and an exhaust valve body (200) is provided inside the exhaust valve body (200), and a gas passage (210) is provided inside the exhaust valve body (200); A rubber cap (300) includes a top cover (310) and a peripheral wall (320) formed by bending and extending the outer edge of the top cover (310). A rib (321) is provided on the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall (320). The rib (321) is a closed annular structure that extends circumferentially along the peripheral wall (320). The cap (300) is fitted onto the outlet end of the exhaust valve body (200), the top cover (310) is located at the port of the outlet end of the exhaust valve body (200), the peripheral wall (320) surrounds the exhaust valve body (200), the rib (321) is in contact with the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body (200), and a gap is reserved between the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall (320) and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body (200).

2. A battery safety valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall surface of the top cover (310), the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall (320), the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body (200), and the rib (321) surround to form a gap cavity (110), and the rib (321) blocks the communication path between the gap cavity (110) and the interior of the valve seat (100).

3. A battery safety valve as described in claim 2, characterized in that: At least one ventilation notch (220) is provided on the end face of the exhaust valve body (200) at the outlet end. The top cover (310) covers the end face of the exhaust valve body (200) at the outlet end. The gap cavity (110) is connected to the gas channel (210) through the ventilation notch (220).

4. A battery safety valve as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the rib (321) gradually decreases in the direction away from the peripheral wall portion (320).

5. A battery safety valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cap (300) is made of fluororubber, fluorosilicone rubber, neoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, or EPDM rubber.

6. A battery safety valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the pressure inside the exhaust valve body (200) is greater than the opening threshold, the rubber cap (300) stretches and deforms and the rib (321) separates from the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body (200); when the pressure inside the exhaust valve body (200) is less than the closing threshold, the rib (321) contacts the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body (200) under the elastic action of the inward contraction of the peripheral wall (320), and the rubber cap (300) seals the exhaust end of the exhaust valve body (200).

7. A battery safety valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust valve body (200) has a first inclined buffer surface (230) and a second inclined buffer surface (240) at its air inlet end. There is a height difference between the end of the first inclined buffer surface (230) and the end of the second inclined buffer surface (240) in the axial direction of the exhaust valve body (200). There is an air inlet (211) between the end of the first inclined buffer surface (230) and the end of the second inclined buffer surface (240). The plane of the air inlet (211) is not perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas passage (210).

8. A battery safety valve as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The plane of the air inlet (211) is perpendicular to the radial direction of the gas channel (210).

9. A battery safety valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation plate (130) is provided between the inner wall surface of the valve seat (100) and the outer wall surface of the exhaust valve body (200). The isolation plate (130) divides the valve seat (100) into an upper cavity region (140) and a lower cavity region (150). The air inlet end of the exhaust valve body (200) is located in the lower cavity region (150), and the air outlet end of the exhaust valve body (200) is located in the upper cavity region (140). The upper cavity region (140) and the lower cavity region (150) are connected through the gas channel (210).

10. A battery safety valve as described in claim 9, characterized in that: An acid filter seat (400) is installed inside the valve seat (100). The acid filter seat (400) is sealed in the upper cavity area (140). The acid filter seat (400) presses against the top cover (310) and makes the top cover (310) fit against the end face of the exhaust valve body (200).

11. A battery safety valve as described in claim 10, characterized in that: The acid filter holder (400) is provided with a plurality of air holes (410), and an acid filter sheet (420) is installed on the acid filter holder (400), the acid filter sheet (420) sealing each of the air holes (410).

12. A battery safety valve as described in claim 11, characterized in that: The filter sheet (420) is configured as a polypropylene part, a polyethylene part, or a polytetrafluoroethylene part with ventilation micropores.

13. A battery safety valve as described in claim 10, characterized in that: A storage cavity (120) is formed by the enclosure plate (130), the acid filter seat (400), the inner wall of the valve seat (100), and the outer wall of the exhaust valve body (200).

14. A battery safety valve as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The valve seat (100) is fitted with a valve cover (500), which seals the port of the upper cavity region (140), and the valve cover (500) is fitted with an explosion-proof plate (510).

15. A battery safety valve as described in claim 14, characterized in that: The explosion-proof sheet (510) is configured as an alumina part with ventilation micropores.

16. A battery safety valve as described in claim 14, characterized in that: The valve seat (100) is provided with an annular locking groove (160) on one end face corresponding to the upper cavity region (140), and the valve cover (500) is provided with an annular locking block (520), which is embedded in the annular locking groove (160).

17. A battery safety valve as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The valve seat (100) is equipped with a bottom cover (600), which seals the port of the lower cavity region (150). The valve seat (100) is provided with an air inlet (190) on one end face corresponding to the lower cavity region (150), and the lower cavity region (150) can communicate with the inside of the battery through the air inlet (190).

18. A battery safety valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall surface of the valve seat (100) is provided with a buckle (180).

19. A battery safety valve as described in claim 18, characterized in that: The valve seat (100) is made of ABS plastic, polypropylene plastic, polyphenylene ether plastic, polyphenylene sulfide plastic, or high-impact polystyrene plastic.

20. A lead-acid battery, characterized in that, The device includes a battery safety valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 19, and also includes a battery body, wherein the valve seat (100) is connected to the battery body via a snap-fit ​​(180).

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