Z-shaped waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter wave application

Abstract

The utility model discloses a Z-type waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter wave application, relates to the technical field of millimeter wave waveguide transmission, and aims to solve the problems that the existing rectangular waveguide or ridge waveguide is usually used for transmission and extraction of millimeter wave signals, but the structures are large in size, poor in coupling suppression and complex to process. According to the technical scheme, the antenna is characterized in that the antenna comprises a printed circuit board and a metal waveguide piece, a first waveguide through hole penetrating up and down is formed in the printed circuit board, the upper end of the metal waveguide piece is fixedly attached to the printed circuit board, and a second waveguide through hole allowing waveguide to be transmitted out is formed in the metal waveguide piece; and one surface, far away from the metal waveguide piece, of the printed circuit board is fixedly connected with a chip packaging body. The effects of adapting to different cost and assembly requirements, being simple and compact in structure, free of complex auxiliary shielding design, easy to manufacture and small in packaging occupied space are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of millimeter-wave waveguide transmission, and in particular to a Z-type waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter-wave applications. Background Technology

[0002] Millimeter-wave radar is widely used in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) such as autonomous driving, collision warning, and lane keeping. These systems generally operate in the 76 to 81 GHz frequency band, which places stringent requirements on the signal transmission structure for low loss, high isolation, and compact packaging.

[0003] The existing technical solutions mentioned above have the following drawbacks: Traditional rectangular waveguides or ridge waveguides are often used for the transmission and extraction of millimeter-wave signals, but these structures have problems such as large size, poor coupling suppression and complex processing, making it difficult to meet the requirements of signal integrity and miniaturization at the same time. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waveguide connection structure with a Z-shaped cross-sectional profile for achieving stable and efficient transmission of millimeter-wave signals between a PCB and a metal waveguide or package module, thereby avoiding reliance on complex structures or additional shielding components. This Z-shaped waveguide connection structure is suitable for millimeter-wave applications.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A Z-shaped waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter-wave applications includes a printed circuit board and a metal waveguide component. The printed circuit board has a first waveguide through-hole that runs vertically through it. The upper end of the metal waveguide component is attached and fixed to the printed circuit board. The metal waveguide component has a second waveguide through-hole for waveguide transmission. A chip package is fixedly connected to the side of the printed circuit board away from the metal waveguide component.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the waveguide connection structure forms a continuous closed electromagnetic channel along the signal transmission path, which can effectively constrain the electromagnetic field distribution, improve isolation performance, and reduce signal reflection loss.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-section of the first waveguide via has a Z-shaped structure.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, it is flexibly compatible with Z-type and standard rectangular waveguide interfaces, adapts to different cost and assembly requirements, has a simple and compact structure, does not require complex auxiliary shielding design, and is easy to manufacture.

[0010] Furthermore, the metal waveguide has two structures: in one case, the cross-section of the second waveguide through-hole inside the metal waveguide has a Z-shaped structure, and the second waveguide through-hole is adapted to the first waveguide through-hole.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, if the metal waveguide port adopts a Z-shaped structure, it can be directly and precisely aligned with the Z-shaped through hole of the PCB to achieve efficient connection.

[0012] Furthermore, another type of metal waveguide has a metal pillar fixedly connected to its upper end, and the metal pillars are evenly distributed outside the second waveguide through-hole.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, if the waveguide port is in the form of a standard rectangular waveguide, a metal pillar or shielding structure can be wrapped around the interface to enhance electromagnetic coupling performance and improve shielding effect.

[0014] Furthermore, the chip package includes a chip body inside, a package housing is fixedly connected to the outside of the chip body, an antenna for transmitting the waveguide of the chip body is fixedly connected to the lower end of the package housing, a solder ball array is fixedly connected to the lower end of the package housing, and the package housing is fixedly connected to the printed circuit board through the solder ball array.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the structure exhibits excellent mode constraint characteristics and manufacturing feasibility in the millimeter-wave band, effectively solving the limitations of traditional waveguide connection methods and providing a reliable and efficient signal interconnection solution for highly integrated vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar systems.

[0016] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. It adopts flexible and compatible Z-type and standard rectangular waveguide interfaces to adapt to different cost and assembly requirements. The structure is simple and compact, requiring no complex auxiliary shielding design, easy to manufacture, and has a small packaging space. It is especially suitable for multi-channel compact radar modules and exhibits excellent transmission performance in the 76-81GHz millimeter wave band. Simulation and actual measurement have verified that its insertion loss is less than 1dB and return loss is better than 15dB.

[0018] 2. The cross-section of the Z-shaped waveguide through-hole consists of a central rectangular segment and staggered steps on both sides. In actual processing, chamfers can be added appropriately according to manufacturing process requirements, but the overall structure always maintains the "Z" shape. This waveguide connection structure forms a continuous closed electromagnetic channel along the signal transmission path, which can effectively constrain the electromagnetic field distribution, improve isolation performance, and reduce signal reflection loss.

[0019] 3. In the millimeter-wave band, this structure exhibits excellent mode constraint characteristics and manufacturing feasibility, effectively solving the limitations of traditional waveguide connection methods and providing a reliable and efficient signal interconnection solution for highly integrated vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar systems. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-shaped hole metal waveguide structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the normal hole metal waveguide of this utility model.

[0023] In the figure, 1 is the printed circuit board; 2 is the metal waveguide; 3 is the first waveguide via; 4 is the second waveguide via; 5 is the chip package; 6 is the metal pillar; 51 is the chip body; 52 is the package housing; 53 is the antenna; and 54 is the solder ball array. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 A Z-shaped waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter-wave applications includes a printed circuit board 1 and a metal waveguide 2. The printed circuit board 1 has a first through-hole 3 extending vertically. The upper end of the metal waveguide 2 is fixedly attached to the printed circuit board 1. The metal waveguide 2 has a second through-hole 4 for waveguide transmission. A chip package 5 is fixedly connected to the side of the printed circuit board 1 away from the metal waveguide 2. The printed circuit board 1 has a through-hole with a Z-shaped cross-section. The metal waveguide 2 is used to connect the waveguide through-hole of the PCB and can be selected from one of the following two forms:

[0026] It features a Z-type interface that perfectly matches the Z-holes on the PCB for seamless docking;

[0027] A standard rectangular waveguide interface is adopted, and a ring of metal pillars is arranged around the interface to improve electromagnetic sealing and signal coupling efficiency, and reduce gap leakage.

[0028] The cross-section of the first waveguide aperture 3 is Z-shaped. The cross-section of the Z-shaped waveguide aperture consists of a central rectangular segment and staggered steps on both sides. In actual processing, chamfers can be added appropriately according to manufacturing process requirements, but the overall structure always maintains the "Z" shape. This waveguide connection structure forms a continuous closed electromagnetic channel along the signal transmission path, which can effectively constrain the electromagnetic field distribution, improve isolation performance, and reduce signal reflection loss.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 The metal waveguide 2 has two structures. In one structure, the cross-section of the second waveguide through-hole 4 inside the metal waveguide 2 is Z-shaped, and the second waveguide through-hole 4 is adapted to the first waveguide through-hole 3. If the metal waveguide port adopts a Z-shaped structure, it can be directly and precisely aligned with the Z-shaped through-hole of the PCB to achieve efficient connection.

[0030] Reference Figure 3 Another type of metal waveguide 2 has a metal post 6 fixedly connected to its upper end. The metal posts 6 are evenly distributed outside the second waveguide through hole 4. If the waveguide port is a standard rectangular waveguide, a metal post 6 or a shielding structure can be wrapped around the interface to enhance electromagnetic coupling performance and improve shielding effect.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 The chip package 5 includes a chip body 51 inside, and a package housing 52 is fixedly connected to the outside of the chip body 51. An antenna 53 for transmitting the waveguide of the chip body 51 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the package housing 52. A solder ball array 54 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the package housing 52. The package housing 52 is fixedly connected to the printed circuit board 1 through the solder ball array 54. In the millimeter wave band, this structure shows excellent mode constraint characteristics and manufacturing feasibility, effectively solving the limitations of traditional waveguide connection methods, and providing a reliable and efficient signal interconnection solution for highly integrated vehicle millimeter wave radar systems.

[0032] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, a set of printed circuit boards 1 (PCBs) are set up. The PCBs 1 (PCBs) have a through-hole 3. The cross-section of the through-hole is Z-shaped. Then, a set of metal waveguides 2 are set up to connect the waveguide through-holes of the PCBs 1. One of the following two forms can be selected: a Z-shaped interface that is completely matched with the Z-shaped hole on the PCB to achieve seamless docking; or a standard rectangular waveguide interface with a ring of metal pillars 6 arranged around the interface to improve electromagnetic sealing and signal coupling efficiency and reduce gap leakage. The chip is connected to the PCB through a ball grid array 54 (BGA). The signal is transmitted from the chip to the metal waveguide interface through the Z-shaped waveguide through-hole on the PCB and finally transmitted to the external space through the antenna 53. In the millimeter wave band, this structure shows excellent mode constraint characteristics and manufacturing feasibility, effectively solving the limitations of traditional waveguide connection methods and providing a reliable and efficient signal interconnection solution for highly integrated vehicle millimeter wave radar systems.

[0033] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A Z-shaped waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter-wave applications, comprising a printed circuit board (1) and a metal waveguide (2), characterized in that: The printed circuit board (1) has a first waveguide through hole (3) that runs vertically through it. The upper end of the metal waveguide (2) is attached and fixed to the printed circuit board (1). The metal waveguide (2) has a second waveguide through hole (4) for the waveguide to transmit out. A chip package (5) is fixedly connected to the side of the printed circuit board (1) away from the metal waveguide (2).

2. The Z-type waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter-wave applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the first waveguide via (3) has a Z-shaped structure.

3. The Z-type waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter-wave applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal waveguide (2) has two structures. In one structure, the cross-section of the second waveguide through hole (4) inside the metal waveguide (2) is Z-shaped, and the second waveguide through hole (4) is adapted to the first waveguide through hole (3).

4. The Z-type waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter-wave applications according to claim 3, characterized in that: Another type of metal waveguide (2) has a metal column (6) fixedly connected to its upper end, and the metal column (6) is evenly distributed outside the second waveguide through hole (4).

5. The Z-type waveguide connection structure suitable for millimeter-wave applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip package (5) includes a chip body (51) inside. A package shell (52) is fixedly connected to the outside of the chip body (51). An antenna (53) for transmitting the waveguide of the chip body (51) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the package shell (52). A solder ball array (54) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the package shell (52). The package shell (52) is fixedly connected to the printed circuit board (1) through the solder ball array (54).

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