Wave-absorbing material with multi-stage laminated cavity

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of wave-absorbing materials, in particular to a wave-absorbing material with a multistage laminated cavity, which comprises a first wave-absorbing layer, a second wave-absorbing layer fixedly mounted at the lower end of the first wave-absorbing layer, and a third wave-absorbing layer fixedly mounted at the lower end of the second wave-absorbing layer. The first wave absorbing layer comprises a first wave absorbing plate and a first wave absorbing cavity formed in the front side surface of the first wave absorbing plate. According to the utility model, through the three wave absorbing layers, high-efficiency absorption of electromagnetic waves can be realized in a wide frequency range, application requirements of different frequency bands, such as from a low-frequency communication frequency band to a high-frequency radar frequency band, can be met, the multi-stage laminated cavity structure enables the electromagnetic waves to be reflected and absorbed for multiple times in the material, and the electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency is improved. The absorption efficiency of electromagnetic wave energy is greatly improved, and the intensity of reflected waves can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of microwave absorbing materials technology, specifically to microwave absorbing materials with multi-level stacked cavities. Background Technology

[0002] Microwave absorbing materials are functional materials that can absorb and attenuate incident electromagnetic waves, converting electromagnetic energy into heat or other forms of energy dissipation. Their working principle is based on impedance matching and electromagnetic loss. By adjusting the material's dielectric constant and permeability, surface reflection is reduced, and different loss mechanisms such as resistive, dielectric, and magnetic dielectric are used to convert electromagnetic energy into other forms of energy. Classified by loss mechanism, they can be divided into resistive, dielectric, and magnetic dielectric types; and by molding process and application form, they can be divided into coated, patch, and structural types.

[0003] The invention patent with authorization announcement number CN115679709A discloses a fiber-based microwave absorbing material. The invention includes a fiber substrate layer and a microwave absorbing coating sprayed on the surface of the fiber substrate layer. The fiber substrate layer is woven from carbon fiber and starch / polyacrylonitrile blended fibers. The microwave absorbing coating is made of 100 parts by weight of binder, 8-15 parts by weight of microwave absorbing filler, 1-2 parts by weight of curing agent, 0.8-1.2 parts by weight of stabilizer, and other additives. The fiber-based microwave absorbing material obtained by this application has the advantages of being lightweight, having a wide frequency range, being soft and flexible, and having good adhesion stability of the microwave absorbing coating, and has a wide range of applications.

[0004] Although the absorbing materials described above have advantages such as light weight, wide bandwidth, flexibility, and good adhesion stability of the absorbing coating, in practical applications, the absorbing materials composed of a single layer have a narrow absorption frequency band and limited absorption performance. To overcome this situation, we propose an absorbing material with multi-stage stacked cavities. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities includes a first microwave absorbing layer, a second microwave absorbing layer fixedly installed at the lower end of the first microwave absorbing layer, and a third microwave absorbing layer fixedly installed at the lower end of the second microwave absorbing layer.

[0008] The first absorbing layer includes a first absorbing plate and a first absorbing cavity formed on the front surface of the first absorbing plate.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the first absorbing plate is made of a material with dielectric loss characteristics, namely epoxy resin doped with carbon nanotubes.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the first absorbing cavity has two side surfaces extending through the front and rear of the first absorbing plate, and the cross-section of the first absorbing cavity is circular.

[0011] These two features, the presence of the first absorbing cavity, increase the propagation path and reflection times of electromagnetic waves within the first absorbing layer. Combined with the dielectric loss of the first substrate, this effectively absorbs low-frequency electromagnetic waves.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the second absorbing layer is composed of a plurality of second absorbing structures stacked together, each of the second absorbing structures comprising an upper absorbing layer and a lower absorbing layer attached to the lower surface of the upper absorbing layer.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the upper absorbing layer is made of magnetic nickel-zinc ferrite, and the lower absorbing layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, a material with a low dielectric constant.

[0014] These two features, through the rational design of the electromagnetic parameters and thickness of each layer, enable the gradual absorption and attenuation of electromagnetic waves of different frequencies, thereby broadening the absorption bandwidth.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the third absorbing layer includes a third absorbing plate and a plurality of third absorbing cavities formed on the front surface of the third absorbing plate.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the third absorbing plate is made of a material with dielectric loss characteristics, namely epoxy resin doped with graphene.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the shape of the third absorbing cavity is similar to that of the first absorbing cavity, and the size of the third absorbing cavity is larger than that of the first absorbing cavity.

[0018] These three settings, through different types of conductive particles, adjust the electromagnetic parameters of the absorbing plate. The third absorbing plate and the third absorbing cavity work together to absorb high-frequency electromagnetic waves, further improving the overall absorption performance of the absorbing material.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] 1. Through three layers of absorbing material, it can achieve efficient absorption of electromagnetic waves over a wide frequency range, meeting the application requirements of different frequency bands, such as from low-frequency communication bands to high-frequency radar bands.

[0021] 2. The multi-level stacked cavity structure causes electromagnetic waves to undergo multiple reflections and absorptions within the material, greatly improving the absorption efficiency of electromagnetic wave energy and effectively reducing the intensity of reflected waves. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first absorbing layer in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second absorbing layer in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third absorbing layer in this utility model;

[0026] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0027] 100. The first absorbing layer; 101. The first absorbing plate; 102. The first absorbing cavity;

[0028] 200. Second absorbing layer; 201. Second absorbing structure; 202. Upper absorbing layer; 203. Lower absorbing layer;

[0029] 300. The third absorbing layer; 301. The third absorbing plate; 302. The third absorbing cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides a technical solution:

[0032] The microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities includes a first microwave absorbing layer 100, a second microwave absorbing layer 200 fixedly installed at the lower end of the first microwave absorbing layer 100, and a third microwave absorbing layer 300 fixedly installed at the lower end of the second microwave absorbing layer 200.

[0033] The first absorbing layer 100 includes a first absorbing plate 101 and a first absorbing cavity 102 formed on the front surface of the first absorbing plate 101. The first absorbing plate 101 is made of a material with dielectric loss characteristics, namely epoxy resin doped with carbon nanotubes. Through the above mechanism, the three absorbing layers can achieve efficient absorption of electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency range, which can meet the application requirements of different frequency bands, such as from low-frequency communication bands to high-frequency radar bands.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the first absorbing cavity 102 extends through the front and rear surfaces of the first absorbing plate 101. The cross-section of the first absorbing cavity 102 is circular. The first absorbing cavity 102 is a regular geometric shape, which can increase the propagation path and reflection times of electromagnetic waves in the first absorbing layer, and can effectively absorb electromagnetic waves.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the second absorbing layer 200 is composed of several stacked second absorbing structures 201. Each second absorbing structure 201 includes an upper absorbing layer 202 and a lower absorbing layer 203 attached to the lower surface of the upper absorbing layer 202. The upper absorbing layer 202 is made of magnetic nickel-zinc ferrite, and the lower absorbing layer 203 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, a material with a low dielectric constant. High-permeability and low-permeability materials have different electromagnetic parameters and respond differently to electromagnetic waves of different frequencies. During propagation, electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands will undergo multiple reflections, refractions, and scatterings due to changes in the permeability of the material, increasing the interaction time and frequency between the electromagnetic wave and the material. In this way, the absorbing material can effectively absorb electromagnetic waves over a wider frequency range, achieving broadband absorption and adapting to complex and variable electromagnetic environments.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the third absorbing layer 300 includes a third absorbing plate 301 and several third absorbing cavities 302 formed on the front surface of the third absorbing plate 301. The third absorbing plate 301 is made of a material with dielectric loss characteristics, namely epoxy resin doped with graphene. The shape of the third absorbing cavity 302 is similar to that of the first absorbing cavity 102, but the size of the third absorbing cavity 302 is larger than that of the first absorbing cavity 102. The content or type of conductive particles used in the third absorbing layer 300 is different from that in the first absorbing layer 100. Combined with the third absorbing cavity 302, it can generate strong dielectric loss for high-frequency electromagnetic waves, effectively absorb high-frequency energy, make up for the deficiencies of the first absorbing layer and the intermediate layer in high-frequency absorption, and together with them, achieve broadband absorption.

[0037] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic wave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities is used such that electromagnetic waves are injected into the absorbing material from the top of the first absorbing layer 100 from top to bottom. First, the electromagnetic waves enter the first absorbing plate 101, which uses epoxy resin doped with carbon nanotubes. This effectively absorbs low-frequency electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, the first absorbing cavity 102 increases the propagation path and reflection frequency of the electromagnetic waves within this layer, allowing the low-frequency electromagnetic waves to fully contact the substrate within the first absorbing layer. Utilizing the dielectric loss of the substrate, the low-frequency electromagnetic energy is converted into other forms of energy and dissipated. Subsequently, the electromagnetic waves enter the second absorbing layer 200. The multi-level stacked upper absorbing layer 202 and lower absorbing layer 203 alternately contain magnetic and non-magnetic layers, each with its own electromagnetic parameters. Different materials respond differently to electromagnetic waves of different frequencies. When an electromagnetic wave enters the intermediate layer, it is continuously reflected, refracted, and scattered between different material layers. This multiple interaction enables the material to effectively absorb electromagnetic waves over a wider frequency range, compensating for the shortcomings of single-layer or simple structure absorbing materials in frequency coverage. Finally, the remaining electromagnetic waves enter the third absorbing layer 300. The third absorbing plate 301 is made of a material with dielectric loss characteristics, and the content or type of conductive particles can be different from that of the first absorbing plate 101, which can flexibly adjust electromagnetic parameters. Combined with the second cavity, it can generate strong dielectric loss for high-frequency electromagnetic waves, effectively absorbing high-frequency energy and compensating for the shortcomings of the first absorbing layer 100 and the second absorbing layer 200 in high-frequency absorption, thus achieving broadband absorption together with them.

[0038] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities, characterized in that: It includes a first absorbing layer (100), a second absorbing layer (200) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the first absorbing layer (100), and a third absorbing layer (300) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the second absorbing layer (200). The first absorbing layer (100) includes a first absorbing plate (101) and a first absorbing cavity (102) formed on the front surface of the first absorbing plate (101).

2. The microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first absorbing plate (101) is made of a material with dielectric loss characteristics, namely epoxy resin doped with carbon nanotubes.

3. The microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first absorbing cavity (102) extends through the first absorbing plate (101) and has two side surfaces. The cross-section of the first absorbing cavity (102) is circular.

4. The microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second absorbing layer (200) is composed of a plurality of second absorbing structures (201) stacked together. Each second absorbing structure (201) includes an upper absorbing layer (202) and a lower absorbing layer (203) attached to the lower surface of the upper absorbing layer (202).

5. The microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The upper absorbing layer (202) is made of magnetic nickel-zinc ferrite, and the lower absorbing layer (203) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, a material with a low dielectric constant.

6. The microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The third absorbing layer (300) includes a third absorbing plate (301) and a plurality of third absorbing cavities (302) formed on the front surface of the third absorbing plate (301).

7. The microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The third absorbing plate (301) is made of a material with dielectric loss characteristics, namely epoxy resin doped with graphene.

8. The microwave absorbing material with multi-level stacked cavities as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The shape of the third absorbing cavity (302) is similar to that of the first absorbing cavity (102), and the size of the third absorbing cavity (302) is larger than that of the first absorbing cavity (102).

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