Discharging structure applied to piezoresistor and uninterruptible power supply
By incorporating a copper foil discharge terminal into the varistor to form a pointed discharge structure, the problem of insufficient response speed and energy discharge capacity of traditional varistors under high-energy impacts is solved, achieving more effective overvoltage protection.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DONGGUAN CYBER ENERGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Traditional metal oxide varistors have limited response speed and energy discharge capacity under high-energy impact or high-frequency overvoltage conditions, resulting in unsatisfactory overvoltage protection performance.
By combining a metal oxide varistor with a copper foil discharge terminal, and utilizing the rapid response and controllable discharge threshold of the copper foil discharge terminal, the electric field concentration effect is enhanced by forming a pointed discharge structure, thereby improving the response speed and energy dissipation capability.
It enables faster surge current discharge, ensuring that the voltage remains within a safe range and improving overvoltage protection performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224218111U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of overvoltage protection technology, and in particular to a discharge structure for a varistor and an uninterruptible power supply. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) typically incorporate overvoltage protection components, such as metal oxide varistors (MOVs), to suppress transient surge voltages and protect the UPS itself and downstream load equipment from voltage spikes, lightning strikes, or grid fluctuations. However, traditional MOVs have limited response speed and energy discharge capacity under high-energy surges or high-frequency overvoltage conditions, resulting in unsatisfactory protection performance. Tip discharge, a phenomenon that utilizes the electric field concentration effect to induce discharge at the tip of a conductor, offers advantages such as fast response speed and controllable discharge threshold. However, existing MOVs have not yet been designed to integrate with copper foil tip discharge to further enhance overvoltage protection performance. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a discharge structure and an uninterruptible power supply for varistors, which can improve overvoltage protection performance by combining the varistor with the discharge terminal.
[0004] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a discharge structure for a varistor, wherein the discharge structure is disposed between a first power line and a ground line; the first power line is connected to a first varistor, the first varistor extends from the first power line to the ground line and has a first discharge terminal, and the ground line has a first ground discharge terminal corresponding to the location of the first discharge terminal; a first gap exists between the first discharge terminal and the first ground discharge terminal, and they cooperate to form the discharge structure of the first varistor.
[0005] Furthermore, the ground wire is located between the first circuit and the second circuit. The second circuit is connected to the second varistor. The second varistor extends from the second circuit to the ground wire and has a second discharge terminal. The ground wire has a second ground wire discharge terminal at the location of the second discharge terminal. There is a second gap between the second discharge terminal and the second ground wire discharge terminal, which cooperate to form the discharge structure of the second varistor.
[0006] Furthermore, the first discharge terminal, the second discharge terminal, the first ground wire discharge terminal, and the second ground wire discharge terminal are all made of copper foil; the size of the copper foil is 0.1-0.5 mm.
[0007] Furthermore, the shapes of the first discharge terminal and the first ground wire discharge terminal, as well as the shapes of the second discharge terminal and the second ground wire discharge terminal, are all pointed, and the pointed shape is one of a triangular tip and a conical tip.
[0008] Furthermore, the curvature of the pointed tip is less than 0.1 mm.
[0009] Furthermore, the value of the first gap is determined based on the preset operating voltage and preset discharge threshold of the first varistor, and the value of the second gap is determined based on the preset operating voltage and preset discharge threshold of the second varistor.
[0010] Furthermore, the first discharge terminal, the second discharge terminal, the first ground wire discharge terminal, and the second ground wire discharge terminal are located on the same axis.
[0011] Furthermore, the ground wire is provided with a discharge grounding terminal, and the first ground wire discharge terminal and the second ground wire discharge terminal are respectively connected to the discharge grounding terminal.
[0012] Furthermore, the first varistor and the second varistor are metal oxide varistors, respectively.
[0013] Secondly, this utility model provides an uninterruptible power supply, which includes power lines, a ground wire, and the aforementioned discharge structure applied to a varistor. The power lines include at least a first power line, which is connected to a first varistor. The discharge structure applied to the varistor is disposed between the first power line and the ground wire.
[0014] The aforementioned discharge structure and uninterruptible power supply applied to varistors combine the discharge of metal oxide varistors with the discharge of copper foil terminals. By utilizing the fast discharge response and controllable discharge threshold of the copper foil discharge terminals, and working in conjunction with the nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics of the MOV, surge current is discharged more quickly, and the voltage is clamped within a safe range, effectively improving the overvoltage protection performance of the varistor. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the discharge structure provided in the first embodiment of the utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the discharge structure provided in the second embodiment of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of an uninterruptible power supply provided in the first embodiment of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of an uninterruptible power supply provided in the second embodiment of the utility model.
[0020] Component designations
[0021] Uninterruptible Power Supply-1000 Second power line -12 Discharge Structure-100 Second varistor -120 Power Line-1 Second discharge terminal -121 Ground wire-2 Second access point - 122 First power line - 11 Discharge ground terminal -20 First varistor - 110 First ground wire discharge terminal-21 First discharge terminal -111 Second ground wire discharge terminal-22 First Access Terminal - 112
[0022] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0026] To provide a clearer and more accurate understanding of the present invention, a detailed description will now be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate examples of embodiments of the present invention, wherein the same reference numerals denote the same elements. It is to be understood that the scale shown in the accompanying drawings is not the actual scale of the present invention, and is for illustrative purposes only, and is not a drawing based on the original dimensions.
[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a discharge structure 100 for use with a varistor. In a first embodiment, the discharge structure 100 can perform tip discharge on a varistor provided on a circuit line 1. Specifically, the discharge structure 100 is disposed between a first circuit line 111 and a ground wire. The first circuit line 111 provides access for a first varistor 110 through a first access terminal 112. The first varistor 110 extends from the first circuit line 111 toward the ground wire and has a first discharge terminal 111. The ground wire has a first ground wire discharge terminal 21 corresponding to the location of the first discharge terminal 111.
[0028] In the first embodiment, the first varistor 110 is a metal oxide varistor. The first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21 are located on the same axis. Both the first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21 are made of copper foil. The size of the copper foil is 0.1-0.5 mm. In this application, the size of the copper foil used to make the first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21 can be the same or different.
[0029] In the first embodiment, the first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21 are both pointed in shape. The pointed shape is either a triangular tip or a conical tip. The curvature of the pointed shape is less than 0.1 mm. In this application, the shapes of the first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21 can be the same or different. The curvature is the curvature of the portion of the first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21 closest to each other.
[0030] A first gap exists between the first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21, forming a discharge structure 100 for the first varistor 110. Specifically, the value of the first gap is determined based on the preset operating voltage and preset discharge threshold of the first varistor 110, so as to enhance the electric field concentration effect through the first gap, increase the discharge point of the first varistor 110, and improve the response speed and energy dissipation capability of the first varistor 110. More specifically, under normal pressure and dry air conditions, the value of the first gap can be simplified and estimated using Paschen's law:
[0031] V1 = 3 * d1
[0032] Where V1 represents the breakdown voltage of the first gap (unit: kV), and d1 represents the size of the first gap (unit: mm). For example, if the first gap needs to discharge at a breakdown voltage of 500V, then the size of the first gap d1≈0.17mm.
[0033] Furthermore, the ground wire is provided with a discharge grounding terminal 20. The first ground wire discharge terminal 21 is connected to the discharge grounding terminal 20.
[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the discharge structure 100 can be respectively disposed between multiple electrical lines 1 and the ground wire, thereby performing tip discharge on the varistors disposed on the multiple electrical lines 1. Specifically, taking the first electrical line 111 and the second electrical line 12 as examples, the ground wire is located between the first electrical line 111 and the second electrical line 12. The second electrical line 12 provides access for the second varistor 120 through the second access terminal 122. The second varistor 120 extends from the second electrical line 12 towards the ground wire and has a second discharge terminal 121. The ground wire has a second ground wire discharge terminal 22 corresponding to the location of the second discharge terminal 121. In this application, the first electrical line 11 and the second electrical line 12 can be the live wire and the neutral wire, respectively.
[0035] In the second embodiment, the first varistor 110 and the second varistor 120 are metal oxide varistors. The first discharge terminal 111, the second discharge terminal 121, the first ground discharge terminal 21, and the second ground discharge terminal 22 are located on the same axis, and all three terminals are made of copper foil. The size of the copper foil is 0.1-0.5 mm. In this application, the first varistor 110 and the second varistor 120 can be the same or different metal oxide varistors. The size of the copper foil used to make the first discharge terminal 111, the second discharge terminal 121, the first ground discharge terminal 21, and the second ground discharge terminal 22 can be the same or different.
[0036] In the second embodiment, the shapes of the first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21, and the shapes of the second discharge terminal 121 and the second ground discharge terminal 22 are all pointed. The pointed shape is either a triangular tip or a conical tip. The curvature of the pointed shape is less than 0.1 mm. In this application, the shapes of the first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21, and the shapes of the second discharge terminal 121 and the second ground discharge terminal 22 can be the same or different. The curvature is the curvature of the portion of the first discharge terminal 111 and the first ground discharge terminal 21 closest to each other, and the portion of the second discharge terminal 112 and the second ground discharge terminal 22 closest to each other.
[0037] A second gap exists between the second discharge terminal 121 and the second ground discharge terminal 22, forming a discharge structure 100 for the second varistor 120. Specifically, the value of the second gap is determined based on the preset operating voltage and preset discharge threshold of the second varistor 120, thereby enhancing the electric field concentration effect, increasing the discharge point of the second varistor 120, and improving its response speed and energy dissipation capability. More specifically, under normal pressure and dry air conditions, the value of the second gap can be simplified and estimated using Paschen's law:
[0038] V2=3*d2
[0039] Where V2 represents the breakdown voltage of the first gap (unit: kV), and d2 represents the size of the first gap (unit: mm). For example, if the first gap needs to discharge at a breakdown voltage of 500V, then the size of the first gap d2≈0.17mm.
[0040] Furthermore, the first ground wire discharge terminal 21 and the second ground wire discharge terminal 22 are respectively connected to the discharge ground terminal 20.
[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 This application also provides an uninterruptible power supply 1000. The uninterruptible power supply 1000 includes a power line 1, a ground wire, and a discharge structure 100. The power line 1 includes at least a first power line 11. Specifically, in a first embodiment, the first power line 11 is connected to a first varistor 110. The discharge structure 100 is disposed between the first power line 11 and the ground wire, and the specific features of the discharge structure 100 have been described in detail above and will not be repeated here.
[0042] In the second embodiment, the circuit 1 includes a first circuit 11 and a second circuit 12. The second circuit 12 is connected to the second varistor 120. The discharge structure 100 is disposed between the first circuit 11 and the ground wire, and between the second circuit 12 and the ground wire. The specific features of the discharge structure 100 applied to the first varistor 110 and the second varistor 120 have been described in detail above and will not be repeated here.
[0043] In the above embodiments, by combining the metal oxide varistor with the copper foil discharge terminal, and utilizing the fast discharge response speed and controllable discharge threshold of the copper foil discharge terminal, combined with the nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics of the MOV, the surge current is discharged more quickly, and the voltage is clamped within a safe range, effectively improving the overvoltage protection performance of the varistor.
[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of this utility model fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
[0045] The above-listed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A discharge structure applied to a varistor, characterized in that, The discharge structure is disposed between the first power line and the ground line; the first power line is connected to the first varistor, the first varistor extends from the first power line to the ground line and has a first discharge terminal, and the ground line has a first ground discharge terminal corresponding to the location of the first discharge terminal; there is a first gap between the first discharge terminal and the first ground discharge terminal, and they cooperate to form the discharge structure of the first varistor.
2. The discharge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ground wire is located between the first power line and the second power line. The second power line is connected to the second varistor. The second varistor extends from the second power line to the ground wire and has a second discharge terminal. The ground wire has a second ground wire discharge terminal at the location of the second discharge terminal. There is a second gap between the second discharge terminal and the second ground wire discharge terminal, which cooperate to form the discharge structure of the second varistor.
3. The discharge structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first discharge terminal, the second discharge terminal, the first ground wire discharge terminal, and the second ground wire discharge terminal are all made of copper foil; the size of the copper foil is 0.1-0.5mm.
4. The discharge structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first discharge terminal and the first ground wire discharge terminal have pointed shapes, and the second discharge terminal and the second ground wire discharge terminal have pointed shapes, which are either triangular tips or conical tips.
5. The discharge structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The curvature of the pointed tip is less than 0.1 mm.
6. The discharge structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The value of the first gap is determined based on the preset operating voltage and preset discharge threshold of the first varistor, and the value of the second gap is determined based on the preset operating voltage and preset discharge threshold of the second varistor.
7. The discharge structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first discharge terminal, the second discharge terminal, the first ground wire discharge terminal, and the second ground wire discharge terminal are located on the same axis.
8. The discharge structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The ground wire is provided with a discharge grounding terminal, and the first ground wire discharge terminal and the second ground wire discharge terminal are respectively connected to the discharge grounding terminal.
9. The discharge structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first varistor and the second varistor are metal oxide varistors, respectively.
10. An uninterruptible power supply, characterized in that, The uninterruptible power supply includes: The circuit includes at least a first circuit, which supplies power to the first varistor; ground wire; and The discharge structure for a varistor as described in any one of claims 1-9, disposed between the first electrical line and the ground line.