Dual-purpose piston
By designing a dual-purpose piston, which includes components such as a piston cylinder, rotating cylinder, transmission cylinder, and pressure tube, rapid gas depressurization and sealing switching are achieved, solving the problem of insufficient structural strength of traditional piston systems under high temperature and high pressure, and improving the safety and stability of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGSU RUNDE MEDICAL MATERIALS
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Traditional piston systems lack structural strength and pressure-bearing capacity under the impact of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, leading to component deformation or breakage. Furthermore, the lack of a rapid pressure relief mechanism results in high pressure buildup inside the cylinder, affecting equipment safety and stability.
设计两用型活塞，包含活塞筒、转动筒、传动筒和压动管等组件，通过设置排气孔和调节机构，实现气体的快速泄压和密封切换，适应不同材质和承压能力的活塞筒。
It effectively avoids damage to the piston top, prevents cascading failures, improves the safety and operational stability of the equipment, and is adaptable to piston cylinders of different materials and pressure capacities.
Smart Images
Figure CN224228757U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of piston technology, specifically a dual-purpose piston. Background Technology
[0002] The piston is the core moving part of power machinery such as internal combustion engines and compressors. It is usually made of aluminum alloy or cast iron and has a cylindrical structure. It fits tightly with the cylinder wall to form a sealed combustion chamber. Its top directly bears the impact of high temperature and high pressure gas generated by fuel combustion, while the skirt is connected to the connecting rod through the piston pin, which converts the linear reciprocating motion into the rotational motion of the crankshaft.
[0003] During actual piston operation, its top is continuously subjected to the direct impact of high-temperature, high-pressure gas. This impact force is converted into the power to drive the mechanical operation through the piston-connecting rod mechanism, which is the core energy transfer link of the reciprocating power system. However, the structural strength and pressure-bearing capacity of the piston mechanism have a clear threshold. Exceeding the threshold may cause component deformation or fracture. When the power components (such as the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine or the compression chamber of a compressor) experience abnormally high gas pressure due to malfunctions (such as abnormal fuel injection or valve sticking), traditional piston systems lack a rapid pressure relief mechanism. Excess pressure cannot be released through an effective path in time, resulting in instantaneous high-pressure accumulation in the cylinder. This high pressure not only generates an impact force on the piston top far exceeding the design standard, causing damage such as dents and cracks on the top surface, but may also be transmitted to related components such as the piston pin and connecting rod, triggering a chain of failures. In severe cases, it may even lead to cylinder block explosion, posing a great threat to equipment safety and operational stability. Therefore, new technical solutions are needed to address this issue. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, adapt to practical needs, and provide a dual-purpose piston to solve the problem that in the actual operation of pistons, the top of the piston is continuously subjected to the direct impact of high-temperature and high-pressure gas. This impact force is converted into the power to drive the mechanical operation through the piston-connecting rod mechanism, which is the core energy transmission link of the reciprocating power system. However, the structural strength and pressure bearing capacity of the piston mechanism have a clear threshold. Exceeding the threshold range may cause component deformation or breakage. When the power components (such as the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine or the compression chamber of a compressor) cause abnormal gas pressure surge due to malfunctions (such as abnormal fuel injection or valve sticking), the traditional piston system lacks a rapid pressure relief mechanism. Excess pressure cannot be discharged through an effective path in time, resulting in instantaneous high-pressure accumulation in the cylinder. This high pressure not only generates an impact force on the piston top that far exceeds the design standard, causing damage such as top surface dents and cracks, but may also be transmitted to related components such as the piston pin and connecting rod, causing a chain of failures. In severe cases, it may even lead to cylinder block explosion, posing a great threat to equipment safety and operational stability.
[0005] To achieve the purpose of this utility model, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a dual-purpose piston is designed, including a piston cylinder, a rotating cylinder is rotatably installed on the bottom inner side of the piston cylinder, piston pins are inserted into both sides of the bottom of the piston cylinder, a connecting frame is movably sleeved on the outside of the piston pin, a hollow sleeve is installed on the top of the connecting frame, the hollow sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the piston pin, a connecting rod cover is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting frame, and a connecting rod bearing is detachably installed on the bottom of the connecting rod cover by bolts;
[0006] A transmission cylinder is vertically fixed at the top center of the rotating cylinder, and the top of the transmission cylinder is rotatably inserted into the top center of the piston cylinder via a bearing. A conversion mechanism is provided inside the transmission cylinder, and the conversion mechanism is connected to the transmission cylinder in a transmission manner.
[0007] Adjustment mechanisms are provided on both sides of the bottom of the rotating cylinder, and the adjustment mechanisms and the conversion mechanisms are connected by a transmission.
[0008] Preferably, the piston cylinder has a first exhaust port at the top, and the rotating cylinder has a second exhaust port at the top.
[0009] Preferably, the conversion mechanism includes a transmission rod and a stop groove. A pressure tube is slidably inserted through the top of the transmission cylinder, and the top of the pressure tube is slidably inserted through the middle of the top of the piston cylinder. The pressure tube extends slidably from the top of the piston cylinder to the outside of the piston cylinder. The transmission rod is horizontally fixed at both ends of the bottom of the outside of the pressure tube. A stop groove is opened on both sides inside the rotating cylinder, and the top of the side of the transmission rod is slidably inserted into the inside of the stop groove.
[0010] Preferably, a movable plate is slidably installed on the bottom inner side of the rotating cylinder, and a push spring is movably arranged on the bottom inner side of the pressing tube, with the two ends of the push spring respectively abutting and adhering to the inner wall of the pressing tube and the top surface of the movable plate.
[0011] Preferably, a limit baffle is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the pressing tube, and a guide groove is opened at the middle of the top of the transmission cylinder, and the pressing tube is slidably inserted into the guide groove.
[0012] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a pushing block and a resisting block. The resisting blocks are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the movable plate. Adjusting bolts are threaded through and screwed onto both sides of the bottom of the rotating cylinder. The top of the side of each adjusting bolt is rotatably sleeved with a pushing block through a bearing, and the bottom surface of the pushing block is movably attached to the bottom surface of the inner side of the transmission cylinder.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0014] 1. This utility model features a rotating cylinder rotatably mounted inside the piston cylinder, a transmission cylinder located inside the top of the rotating cylinder, and a pressure tube vertically sliding on the top of the transmission cylinder. The pressure tube extends from the inside of the piston cylinder and protrudes outwards. A push spring is positioned between the inside of the pressure tube and the outside of the movable plate. During normal use, if the external pressure on the piston cylinder does not exceed the vertical resistance force provided by the push spring to the pressure tube, the pressure tube will not move vertically downwards inside the transmission cylinder. However, if the air pressure on the outside of the pressure cylinder and piston cylinder exceeds the vertical resistance force provided by the push spring to the pressure tube, the surface of the pressure tube is subjected to pressure and moves vertically downwards synchronously inside the transmission cylinder. This, in turn, synchronously drives the transmission rods on both sides of the pressure tube to slide within the abutment groove. Subsequently, under the mutual transmission action of the inclined sliding groove and the transmission rod, the transmission rod can provide the corresponding torsional force to the transmission cylinder as the pressure tube continues to move downward. This allows the transmission cylinder to drive the rotating cylinder to rotate synchronously inside the piston cylinder. After the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port overlap, the seal between the outer top and outer bottom of the piston cylinder is broken, and external gas can be discharged through the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port to relieve pressure on the outer top of the piston cylinder. This prevents excessive external gas pressure from damaging the top surface of the piston cylinder. When the external pressure returns to the threshold, the transmission cylinder resumes its rotation, ensuring that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port separate and seal the top surface of the piston cylinder. This ensures the rationality of the piston cylinder's transmission operation.
[0015] 2. This utility model, by providing an abutment block at the bottom of the movable plate and a push block movably provided on both sides of the bottom of the transmission cylinder via adjusting bolts, allows for adjustment of the exhaust pressure relief threshold simply by turning the adjusting bolts. This causes the push blocks to move horizontally or relative to each other inside the transmission cylinder, resulting in the inclined surfaces of the push block and the abutment block driving each other. Consequently, the movable plate moves vertically within the transmission cylinder, adjusting the initial deformation of the push spring and changing the initial resistance force provided by the push spring to the pressure tube. This adjusts the pressure threshold required for external pushing of the pressure tube, thereby enabling applicability adjustment of the exhaust pressure relief range of the piston cylinder and improving the protection of the piston cylinder. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the internal structure of the piston cylinder of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exhaust structure of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating cylinder of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating cylinder structure of this utility model;
[0021] In the diagram: 1. Piston cylinder; 11. Piston pin; 12. Connecting bracket; 13. Connecting rod cap; 14. Connecting rod bearing;
[0022] 2. Rotating cylinder; 21. First exhaust port; 22. Second exhaust port; 23. Transmission cylinder; 24. Pressing pipe; 25. Transmission rod; 26. Abutting groove; 27. Movable plate; 28. Push spring;
[0023] 3. Adjusting bolt; 31. Pushing block; 32. Abutting block; 33. Limiting baffle; 34. Guide groove. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
[0025] Example 1: Dual-purpose piston, see Figures 1 to 5 A rotating cylinder 2 is rotatably mounted on the bottom inner side of the piston cylinder 1. Piston pins 11 are inserted into both sides of the bottom of the piston cylinder 1. A connecting frame 12 is movably sleeved on the outside of the piston pins 11. A hollow sleeve is mounted on the top of the connecting frame 12 and rotatably sleeved on the outside of the piston pins 11. A connecting rod cover 13 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting frame 12. A connecting rod bearing 14 is detachably mounted on the bottom of the connecting rod cover 13 by bolts. A first exhaust hole 21 is opened on the top of the piston cylinder 1, and a second exhaust hole 22 is opened on the top of the rotating cylinder 2. The number and diameter of the first exhaust hole 21 and the second exhaust hole 22 are the same. When the piston cylinder 1 is kept sealed, the second exhaust hole 22 is located on the bottom side of the first exhaust hole 21. When the rotating cylinder 2 is driven to rotate, the second exhaust hole 22 can quickly rotate to the bottom of the first exhaust hole 21, so that the first exhaust hole 21 and the second exhaust hole 22 are kept in communication, and pressure relief and exhaust treatment are performed on the outside of the top of the piston cylinder 1.
[0026] For details, see Figures 1 to 5 A transmission cylinder 23 is vertically fixedly installed at the top center of the rotating cylinder 2, and the top of the transmission cylinder 23 is rotatably inserted into the top center of the piston cylinder 1 via a bearing. Abutment blocks 32 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the movable plate 27. Adjusting bolts 3 are threaded through and screwed onto both sides of the bottom of the rotating cylinder 2. Each adjusting bolt 3 has a push block 31 rotatably sleeved on its side top via a bearing. The bottom surface of the push block 31 is movably attached to the bottom surface of the inner side of the transmission cylinder 23. The vertical cross-sections of the push block 31 and the abutment block 32 are both right-angled triangles, and the inclination of the hypotenuses of the push block 31 and the abutment block 32 are the same.
[0027] Before placing the piston cylinder 1 inside the corresponding engine cylinder for transmission, based on the condition of the engine cylinder itself and the hardness of the piston cylinder 1's material structure, if the material hardness and pressure bearing capacity are strong, the adjusting bolts 3 located on both sides of the bottom of the rotating cylinder 2 can be tightened. This allows the adjusting bolts 3 to provide a corresponding horizontal pushing force to the pushing block 31 after rotation, enabling the pushing block 31 to move horizontally in opposite directions at the bottom of the movable plate 27. After the inclined surface of the pushing block 31 contacts the inclined surfaces of the abutting blocks 32 on both sides of the bottom of the movable plate 27, the pushing block 31 abuts against the abutting blocks 32. As the pushing block 31 continues to move horizontally, the movable plate 27... After the plate 27 moves vertically inside the rotating cylinder 2, it simultaneously contacts the top surface of the limiting baffle 33 and the top surface of the inner wall of the transmission cylinder 23. This vertically limits the pressure tube 24 and compresses the push spring 28, thus increasing its initial elastic force. In other words, the pressure threshold required for the external force to push the pressure tube 24 is adjusted. Conversely, when the piston cylinder 1 has weak material hardness and pressure bearing capacity, the adjusting bolt 3 is turned, allowing the push block 31 to move horizontally at the bottom of the movable plate 27, thereby reducing the initial pressure of the push spring 28. This reduces the pressure threshold required for the external force to push the pressure tube 24.
[0028] Further, see Figures 1 to 5 The top of the transmission cylinder 23 is slidably inserted with a pressure tube 24, and the top of the pressure tube 24 is slidably inserted with the middle of the top of the piston cylinder 1. The pressure tube 24 extends slidably from the top of the piston cylinder 1 to the outside of the piston cylinder 1. Both ends of the bottom of the outer side of the pressure tube 24 are horizontally fixed with transmission rods 25. Both sides of the inside of the rotating cylinder 2 are provided with abutting grooves 26, and the top of the side of the transmission rod 25 is slidably inserted into the inside of the abutting groove 26. The abutting groove 26 is obliquely arranged on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 2, and the abutting groove 26 does not completely penetrate the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 2. A movable plate 27 is slidably installed on the bottom of the inner side of the rotating cylinder 2. A push spring 28 is movably arranged on the bottom of the inner side of the pressure tube 24, and both ends of the push spring 28 abut against the inner wall of the pressure tube 24 and the top surface of the movable plate 27, respectively.
[0029] After adjusting the initial abutting force of the push spring 28, when the piston cylinder 1 is placed inside the corresponding engine cylinder for transmission, if the gas pressure inside the engine cylinder becomes too high due to a malfunction, exceeding the abutting thrust provided by the push spring 28 to the pressure tube 24, the pressure tube 24 will move downwards synchronously inside the transmission cylinder 23. This will simultaneously drive the transmission rods 25 on both sides of the pressure tube 24 to slide inside the abutting groove 26. Under the mutual transmission action of the inclined abutting groove 26 and the transmission rods 25, the transmission rods 25... As the pressure tube 24 continues to move downward, it can provide the corresponding torque to the transmission cylinder 23, thereby enabling the transmission cylinder 23 to drive the rotating cylinder 2 to rotate synchronously inside the piston cylinder 1. After the first exhaust port 21 and the second exhaust port 22 overlap, the seal between the outer top and the outer bottom of the piston cylinder 1 is broken, and the external gas can be discharged through the first exhaust port 21 and the second exhaust port 22 to relieve pressure on the outer top of the piston cylinder 1, thus preventing excessive external gas pressure from damaging the entire top surface of the piston cylinder 1.
[0030] After the external gas pressure is released and the internal fault of the engine cylinder is eliminated, the pressure on the surface of the pressure tube 24 is reduced to less than the abutting force provided by the push spring 28 to the pressure tube 24. Under the reverse pushing action of the push spring 28, the pressure tube 24 can be driven to rise vertically in sync. Then, under the mutual transmission action of the abutting slide 26 and the transmission rod 25, the transmission cylinder 23 can be driven to rotate and return to its original position. After the first exhaust port 21 and the second exhaust port 22 are separated from each other, the first exhaust port 21 is covered by the top of the transmission cylinder 23, and the second exhaust port 22 is covered by the top and bottom surfaces of the piston cylinder 1, thus resealing the top surface of the movable cylinder and allowing it to continue to drive the piston cylinder 1.
[0031] It is worth noting that, see Figures 1 to 5 A limiting baffle 33 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the pressing tube 24, and the limiting baffle 33 is located inside the transmission cylinder 23. A guide groove 34 is provided at the middle of the top of the transmission cylinder 23, and the pressing tube 24 is slidably inserted into the guide groove 34. The diameter of the limiting baffle 33 is larger than the inner diameter of the guide groove 34.
[0032] In addition, all components designed in this utility model are general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principle can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. Those skilled in the art can fully implement them, so there is no need to elaborate. The content protected by this utility model does not involve improvements to the internal structure and method.
[0033] The embodiments disclosed herein are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can readily grasp the spirit of this utility model based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations. However, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this utility model, they are all within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A dual-purpose piston, comprising a piston cylinder (1), characterized in that, A rotating cylinder (2) is rotatably installed on the bottom inner side of the piston cylinder (1). Piston pins (11) are inserted into both sides of the bottom of the piston cylinder (1). A connecting frame (12) is movably sleeved on the outside of the piston pin (11). A hollow sleeve is installed on the top of the connecting frame. The hollow sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the piston pin. A connecting rod cover (13) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting frame (12). A connecting rod bearing (14) is detachably installed on the bottom of the connecting rod cover (13) by bolts. A transmission cylinder (23) is vertically fixedly installed at the top center of the rotating cylinder (2), and the top of the transmission cylinder (23) is rotatably inserted into the top center of the piston cylinder (1) through a bearing. A conversion mechanism is provided inside the transmission cylinder (23), and the conversion mechanism is connected to the transmission cylinder (23) in a transmission manner. The rotating cylinder (2) is equipped with adjustment mechanisms on both sides of its bottom, and the adjustment mechanism and the conversion mechanism are connected by transmission.
2. The dual-purpose piston as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The piston cylinder (1) has a first exhaust port (21) at the top, and the rotating cylinder (2) has a second exhaust port (22) at the top.
3. The dual-purpose piston as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion mechanism includes a transmission rod (25) and a sliding groove (26). A pressure tube (24) is slidably inserted through the top of the transmission cylinder (23), and the top of the pressure tube (24) is slidably inserted through the middle of the top of the piston cylinder (1). The pressure tube (24) extends slidably from the top of the piston cylinder (1) to the outside of the piston cylinder (1). The transmission rod (25) is horizontally fixed at both ends of the bottom of the outer side of the pressure tube (24). A sliding groove (26) is opened on both sides inside the rotating cylinder (2), and the top of the side of the transmission rod (25) is slidably inserted into the inside of the sliding groove (26).
4. The dual-purpose piston as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A movable plate (27) is slidably installed on the bottom inner side of the rotating cylinder (2), and a push spring (28) is movably installed on the bottom inner side of the pressing tube (24). The two ends of the push spring (28) abut against the inner wall of the pressing tube (24) and the top surface of the movable plate (27) respectively.
5. The dual-purpose piston as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A limit baffle (33) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the pressure tube (24), and a guide groove (34) is provided at the middle of the top of the transmission cylinder (23), and the pressure tube (24) is slidably inserted into the guide groove (34).
6. The dual-purpose piston as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes a push block (31) and an abutment block (32). The abutment blocks (32) are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the movable plate (27). The bottom sides of the rotating cylinder (2) are threaded with adjustment bolts (3). The top of each adjustment bolt (3) is rotatably sleeved with a push block (31) through a bearing. The bottom surface of the push block (31) is movably attached to the bottom surface of the inner side of the transmission cylinder (23).