PCB appearance defect detection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of PCB detection, and provides a PCB appearance defect detection device which comprises a base and a visual detection assembly arranged on the base, the base is provided with a carrying table used for placing a PCB, the carrying table can move in the Y direction, and the visual detection assembly is arranged on the carrying table. The visual detection assembly comprises a camera part used for obtaining PCB images and a lighting part used for lighting, the camera part and the lighting part can synchronously move in the X direction and can independently move in the Z direction, and every two of the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other; the camera component and the lighting component can be independently adjusted in the Z direction to adapt to detection requirements of PCBs with different thicknesses, acquisition of high-definition image data is guaranteed, and the detection precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of PCB inspection technology, specifically a PCB appearance defect inspection device. Background Technology

[0002] During the PCB manufacturing process, various process factors, such as etching, drilling, and electroplating, may cause various appearance defects on the surface, such as short circuits, open circuits, poor solder joints, exposed copper wires, copper foil detachment, and via blockage. If these defects are not detected and repaired in time, they will seriously affect the performance and reliability of electronic products, and may even lead to the failure of the entire electronic product.

[0003] With the rapid development of machine vision technology, PCB appearance defect detection devices based on machine vision have gradually become mainstream. These devices acquire PCB images using high-resolution cameras and compare them with preset standards using image processing software to identify defects. However, existing detection devices typically have fixed relative positions of the camera assembly for image acquisition and the light source assembly for illumination along the Z-axis, making it impossible to independently adjust the distance according to the thickness of the PCB being inspected, thus affecting the acquisition of high-resolution image data. Therefore, this invention proposes a PCB appearance defect detection device to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a PCB appearance defect detection device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A PCB appearance defect detection device includes a base and a vision inspection component disposed on the base. The base is provided with a platform for placing PCB boards. The platform is movable along the Y direction. The vision inspection component includes a camera component for acquiring PCB images and a lighting component for lighting. The camera component and the lighting component are movable synchronously along the X direction and can be moved independently along the Z direction. The X, Y, and Z directions are perpendicular to each other.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment: the visual inspection component further includes a bracket, the bracket having a mounting frame that slides along the X direction, the camera component and the lighting component being mounted on the mounting frame, the bracket having a first driving component for driving the mounting frame to slide along the X direction, the mounting frame having a second driving component for driving the camera component to move along the Z direction and a third driving component for driving the lighting component to move along the Z direction.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the detection device further includes a fourth driving component for driving the stage to move along the Y direction.

[0009] In one alternative: the stage is a glass stage, and an auxiliary light source is provided inside the stage.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the platform is further provided with a clamping assembly for fixing the PCB board.

[0011] In one alternative: the platform has scale lines on both perpendicular sides, and the zero points of the two scale lines coincide.

[0012] In one alternative: the base is further provided with a cover for protecting the vision inspection component, the side of the cover near the stage is provided with a through groove for the stage to enter, and the cover is also provided with a rotating door, the rotating door is set to open downwards, and the rotating door is transparent.

[0013] In one alternative: the through slot is further provided with a dust removal component for removing dust from the PCB.

[0014] In one alternative: the dust removal component is an ionizer bar.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are as follows:

[0016] 1. The camera and lighting components can be independently adjusted in the Z direction to adapt to the inspection requirements of PCB boards of different thicknesses, ensuring the acquisition of high-definition image data and improving inspection accuracy;

[0017] 2. A dust removal component, an ionizer bar, is provided at the through-slot for removing dust from the PCB. When the stage moves along the Y-direction and initially guides the PCB into the housing, the ionizer bar blows ionized airflow onto the PCB's detection surface, thereby cleaning the PCB surface before detection and further improving detection accuracy. It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Furthermore, these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention (with a cover provided).

[0022] Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention (with the cover installed). Reference numerals: 1-Base, 2-Stage, 3-Vision inspection component, 301-Bracket, 302-Mounting bracket, 303-First driving component, 304-Camera component, 305-Lighting component, 306-Second driving component, 307-Third driving component, 4-Clamping component, 5-Scale line, 6-Cover, 7-Revolving door, 8-Human-machine interface panel, 9-Dust removal component. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-4 A PCB appearance defect detection device includes a base 1 and a vision inspection component 3 disposed on the base 1. The base 1 is provided with a stage 2 for placing PCB boards, and the stage 2 is movable along the Y direction. The vision inspection component 3 includes a camera component 304 for acquiring PCB images and a lighting component 305 for lighting. The camera component 304 and the lighting component 305 are movable synchronously along the X direction and can be moved independently along the Z direction. The X direction, Y direction and Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0025] It should be noted that the camera component 304 includes an area scan camera, an image processing module, etc., and the lighting component 305 includes a light source module, an optical diffusion structure, etc. The above-mentioned contents and the corresponding control technology and detection algorithm involved in the detection device are all existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0026] During inspection, the PCB board to be inspected is placed on the stage 2 with the inspection surface facing upwards. The positions of the camera component 304 and the lighting component 305 are adjusted in the Z direction according to the PCB board thickness to ensure an appropriate distance between them and the PCB board for acquiring high-definition image data. The stage 2 moves along the Y direction, causing the PCB board to move accordingly and pass through the vision inspection component 3. During this process, the camera component 304 acquires images of the PCB board, which are then analyzed in the background to detect defects. After one inspection cycle is completed, the camera component 304 and the lighting component 305 move along the X direction to the next inspection point. Then, the stage 2 moves in the opposite direction along the Y direction, causing the PCB board to move accordingly and pass through the vision inspection component 3 again for the same inspection cycle. This process is repeated until the entire inspection surface of the PCB board is completely covered. It should be noted that during the inspection process, the stage 2 moves back and forth along the Y direction, causing the PCB board to repeatedly pass through the vision inspection component 3. After the inspection is completed, the stage 2 returns to its initial position and the PCB board is removed.

[0027] Furthermore, the stage 2 is a glass stage, and an auxiliary light source (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the stage 2. The light transmittance of glass ensures sufficient backlighting when inspecting the PCB board, thereby ensuring inspection accuracy.

[0028] Furthermore, the platform 2 is also equipped with a clamping assembly 4 for fixing the PCB board. The clamping assembly 4 includes a driving component (cylinder, telescopic rod, etc.), a transmission structure, a pressure plate, a sensor and feedback module (to detect the clamping force and prevent overpressure or insufficient clamping), etc., which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The platform 2 has scale lines 5 on both perpendicular sides, and the zero points of the two scale lines 5 coincide (at the right angles of the two perpendicular sides of the platform 2). When placing the PCB board, one corner of the PCB board is located at the zero point (with the zero point as the initial detection point), and then it is clamped and fixed. The length and width values ​​of the PCB board can be quickly read through the two scale lines 5 to determine whether the PCB board size is qualified.

[0029] Furthermore, the detection device also includes a human-computer interaction panel 8.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the visual inspection component 3 further includes a bracket 301, on which a mounting frame 302 is provided that slides along the X direction. The camera component 304 and the lighting component 305 are both provided on the mounting frame 302. The bracket 301 is provided with a first driving component 303 for driving the mounting frame 302 to slide along the X direction. The mounting frame 302 is provided with a second driving component 306 for driving the camera component 304 to move along the Z direction and a third driving component 307 for driving the lighting component 305 to move along the Z direction.

[0031] The detection device also includes a fourth driving component for driving the stage 2 to move along the Y direction.

[0032] In this embodiment, the first driving component 303 drives the mounting bracket 302 to slide along the X direction, thereby enabling the camera component 304 and the lighting component 305 to move synchronously along the X direction. The second driving component 306 drives the camera component 304 to move along the Z direction, and the third driving component 307 drives the lighting component 305 to move along the Z direction. The camera component 304 and the lighting component 305 can be independently adjusted in the Z direction to adapt to the inspection requirements of PCB boards of different thicknesses. The first driving component 303, the second driving component 306, the third driving component 307, and the fourth driving component all include driving components (such as servo motors, stepper motors, linear motors, etc.), transmission and guiding components (such as ball screws and nut pairs, linear guides and sliders, synchronous belts and pulleys, etc.), structural support and connection components, auxiliary control and feedback components, etc. The connection and cooperation between the above components are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the base 1 is further provided with a cover 6 for protecting the visual inspection component 3. The cover 6 is provided with a through groove for the stage 2 to enter on the side near the stage 2. The cover 6 is also provided with a rotating door 7, which is set to open downwards and is transparent.

[0034] In this embodiment, when the camera component 304 locks in a defect (feedback is sent to the human-machine interface panel 8), the rotating door 7 is manually opened to mark the defect on the PCB board (when the defect is locked, the detection device is in a paused operation state). The purpose of designing the rotating door 7 to open downwards is to improve the field of view and operating space, thereby facilitating the marking of defects. The purpose of designing the rotating door 7 to be transparent is to facilitate the observation of the working and operating status of the visual inspection component 3.

[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a dust removal component 9 for removing dust from the PCB is also provided at the through slot (above). The dust removal component 9 is an ionizing air bar. When the stage 2 moves along the Y direction and drives the PCB board into the cover 6 initially, the ionizing air bar blows ionized airflow onto the detection surface of the PCB board, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the dust on the surface of the PCB board before detection, so as to improve the detection accuracy. In addition, it should be understood that although this specification describes the embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A PCB appearance defect detection device, comprising a base (1) and a vision inspection component (3) disposed on the base (1), characterized in that, The base (1) is provided with a platform (2) for placing PCB boards. The platform (2) can move along the Y direction. The visual inspection component (3) includes a camera component (304) for acquiring PCB images and a lighting component (305) for lighting. The camera component (304) and the lighting component (305) can move synchronously along the X direction, and the camera component (304) and the lighting component (305) can move independently along the Z direction. The X direction, Y direction and Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The PCB appearance defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visual inspection component (3) further includes a bracket (301), on which a mounting bracket (302) is provided that slides along the X direction. The camera component (304) and the lighting component (305) are both provided on the mounting bracket (302). The bracket (301) is provided with a first driving component (303) for driving the mounting bracket (302) to slide along the X direction. The mounting bracket (302) is provided with a second driving component (306) for driving the camera component (304) to move along the Z direction and a third driving component (307) for driving the lighting component (305) to move along the Z direction.

3. The PCB appearance defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection device also includes a fourth driving component for driving the stage (2) to move along the Y direction.

4. The PCB appearance defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stage (2) is a glass stage, and an auxiliary light source is provided inside the stage (2).

5. The PCB appearance defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The platform (2) is also provided with a clamping assembly (4) for fixing the PCB board.

6. The PCB appearance defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The platform (2) has scale lines (5) on both perpendicular sides, and the zero points of the two scale lines (5) coincide.

7. The PCB appearance defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) is also provided with a cover (6) for protecting the visual inspection component (3). The cover (6) has a through groove for the platform (2) to enter on the side near the platform (2). The cover (6) is also provided with a rotating door (7). The rotating door (7) is set to open downwards and is transparent.

8. The PCB appearance defect detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The through slot is also equipped with a dust removal component (9) for removing dust from the PCB.

9. The PCB appearance defect detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dust removal component (9) is an ionizer bar.

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