Photovoltaic module with embedded battery

Abstract

The photovoltaic module comprises a substrate (1), the front surface of the substrate (1) is provided with a mounting groove (2), a plurality of partition plates (3) are arranged in the mounting groove (2), the partition plates (3) and the mounting groove (2) are enclosed to form a plurality of columns of embedding grooves (4), crystal silicon battery strings (5) are arranged in the embedding grooves (4), and the crystal silicon battery strings (5) are connected in parallel through a circuit; the crystalline silicon battery string (5) comprises a plurality of crystalline silicon battery pieces (7) arranged in the embedding groove (4), and the crystalline silicon battery pieces (7) are connected in series through a circuit; the substrate (1) is internally provided with conduction diodes (8) which are connected in parallel with the crystalline silicon battery strings (5) one by one; according to the utility model, local shielding caused by dust and sand accumulation can be reduced, the hot spot effect is effectively avoided, and meanwhile, when the hot spot effect occurs, the crystalline silicon cell strings connected in parallel cannot influence each other, and the reliability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module embedded in a battery. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic (PV) modules, the phenomenon of abnormal temperature rise caused by localized current or voltage imbalance is known as the hot spot effect. This is mainly caused by cell defects, localized shading, and cell mismatch. Cell defects and mismatch are usually detected and eliminated during assembly and manufacturing. However, in daily use, localized shading caused by weeds, bird droppings, and dust accumulation is the main cause of the hot spot effect. Therefore, many PV modules designed to reduce the hot spot effect have emerged. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN211789053U discloses a high-efficiency, low-hot-spot-effect PV module, specifically comprising series-connected cell strings, each with a diode connected in parallel. When a hot spot effect occurs in a cell string, voltage changes will cause the circuit to switch to the diode, thus isolating the hot-spot cell string and reducing its impact on power generation. However, in the early stages of the hot spot effect and before the diode is switched on in time, the series-connected cell strings will affect the voltage of all cell strings, resulting in poor reliability. Furthermore, this PV module does not effectively reduce localized shading and is insufficient to adequately reduce the hot spot effect. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic module with embedded cells. This invention can reduce local shading caused by dust and sand accumulation, effectively avoid hot spot effects, and ensure that the parallel crystalline silicon cell strings do not interfere with each other when hot spot effects occur, resulting in high reliability.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A photovoltaic module with embedded batteries includes a substrate. The front side of the substrate has a mounting groove, and multiple partitions are arranged within the mounting groove. Each partition and the mounting groove enclose multiple rows of embedding slots. Each embedding slot contains a string of crystalline silicon cells, which are connected in parallel via a circuit. Each crystalline silicon cell string includes multiple crystalline silicon solar cells disposed within the embedding slot, and these solar cells are connected in series via a circuit. The substrate contains conducting diodes connected in parallel with each crystalline silicon cell string. There is a mounting gap between the front side of the partitions and the front side of the substrate. Each partition has a common glass element on its front side that matches the mounting slot corresponding to the mounting gap. A water-guiding slope is provided at the bottom of the front side of the substrate.

[0005] In the aforementioned photovoltaic module with embedded battery, the mounting groove side surface corresponding to the mounting gap is provided with a melt filling groove.

[0006] In the aforementioned photovoltaic module with embedded battery, the end of the separator is provided with a glue passage that communicates with the melt filling groove.

[0007] In the aforementioned photovoltaic module with embedded battery, the cross-section of the molten adhesive filling groove is semi-circular.

[0008] In the aforementioned photovoltaic module with embedded battery, the front edge of the glass and the mounting groove surface are filled with sealant.

[0009] In the aforementioned photovoltaic module with embedded battery, the conducting diode is disposed within the separator.

[0010] In the aforementioned photovoltaic module with embedded battery, the thickness of the crystalline silicon cell is equal to the thickness of the mounting groove.

[0011] In the aforementioned photovoltaic module with embedded battery, a support frame is provided in the substrate on the side of the mounting groove.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, this invention embeds crystalline silicon solar cells into a substrate, and the substrate also has space for wrapping glass. This reduces the height difference between the glass and the front side of the substrate. Dust and sand are not obstructed when rainwater flows to the bottom of the substrate, but instead leave the substrate with the water-guiding slope, thus reducing the likelihood of dust and sand accumulation and lowering the probability of hot spot effects. When local shading occurs due to weeds, bird droppings, or other immovable dirt, one or more crystalline silicon solar cells become a load and cause hot spot effects. However, because they are connected in parallel, the voltage of the crystalline silicon solar cells in the remaining strings is not affected, ensuring the reliability of power generation. When a string of crystalline silicon solar cells is damaged, the corresponding diode of the string is turned on, isolating the string and ensuring the lifespan of the photovoltaic module. This invention can reduce local shading caused by dust and sand accumulation, effectively avoiding hot spot effects. At the same time, when hot spot effects occur, the parallel crystalline silicon solar cell strings will not affect each other, resulting in excellent reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model after the glass has been removed;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting groove of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a circuit connection diagram of this utility model.

[0017] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. Substrate; 2. Mounting groove; 3. Separator; 4. Insertion groove; 5. Crystalline silicon cell string; 6. Glass; 7. Crystalline silicon cell; 8. Conducting diode; 9. Mounting gap; 10. Water guide slope; 11. Melt filler groove; 12. Glue outlet; 13. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] Example: A photovoltaic module with an embedded battery, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 As shown, the substrate includes a PET polymer substrate 1. A mounting groove 2 is formed on the front side of the substrate 1. Four partitions 3 are integrally formed within the mounting groove 2. Each partition 3 and the mounting groove 2 enclose five rows of insert slots 4. Each insert slot 4 contains a crystalline silicon cell string 5. The crystalline silicon cell strings 5 ​​are connected in parallel via circuitry encapsulated in the substrate's internal interlayer. Each crystalline silicon cell string 5 includes five crystalline silicon solar cells 7 assembled within the insert slot 4. The main grid lines of the crystalline silicon solar cells 7 are connected in series via interconnecting strips. (See attached diagram.) Figure 4 As shown, the substrate 1 has a conducting diode 8 encapsulated within its interlayer, which is connected in parallel to each of the crystalline silicon cell strings 5 ​​via wires within the interlayer. The anode of the conducting diode is connected to the cathode of the corresponding crystalline silicon cell string, and the cathode is connected to the anode of the corresponding crystalline silicon cell string. Under normal conditions, the conducting diode is in a reverse bias state (anode voltage < cathode voltage), and is cut off, with all current flowing through the crystalline silicon cell string. When a fault occurs due to hot spot effect, the voltage of the crystalline silicon cell string drops, and a forward bias voltage (anode voltage > cathode voltage) is formed across the conducting diode. When the voltage difference exceeds the conduction threshold, the conducting diode conducts. There is an installation gap 9 between the front side of the partition 3 and the front side of the substrate 1. Each partition 3 has a glass 6 adapted to the mounting groove 2 corresponding to the installation gap 9 bonded together with EVA film on its front side. The bottom of the front side of the substrate 1 has a water-guiding slope 10 to guide the water flow and accelerate drainage. The side surface of the mounting groove 2 corresponding to the installation gap 9 has a melt filler. After the adhesive film is set and melted in the filling groove 11, the molten adhesive enters the filling groove and solidifies and bonds with the side of the glass, effectively removing the gap between the glass and the mounting groove, isolating it from the outside and improving the sealing performance. The end of the partition plate 3 has an adhesive passage 12 that communicates with the filling groove 11 to ensure that the molten adhesive can enter quickly. The cross-section of the filling groove 11 is semi-circular, which increases the contact area and improves the sealing effect. The front edge of the glass 6 and the groove surface of the mounting groove 2 are filled with sealant to further improve the sealing effect of the gap. The conducting diode 8 is encapsulated in the partition plate interlayer to make full use of the component space. The thickness of the crystalline silicon cell 7 is equal to the thickness of the embedding groove 4 to reduce possible gaps, thereby ensuring the bonding and isolation effect of the adhesive film. A metal support frame 13 is fixed in the substrate 1 on the side of the mounting groove 2 by insert molding. The support frame enhances the stability of the substrate edge to provide reliable support for the crystalline silicon cell string.

[0020] Working principle: When the photovoltaic module is working normally, external light shines through the glass 6 onto the crystalline silicon cell 7 in the mounting slot 4. Each crystalline silicon cell 7 is connected in series to form a crystalline silicon cell string 5, and the voltage and current are stably output through the parallel circuit. The conducting diode 8 encapsulated in the substrate 1 is in the reverse bias cutoff state under normal conditions, and all the current flows through the crystalline silicon cell string 5.

[0021] When a crystalline silicon solar cell 7 fails to generate electricity normally due to local shading such as bird droppings or dust, the voltage of the crystalline silicon solar cell string 5 to which it belongs drops significantly. At this time, the voltage difference across the corresponding conducting diode 8 of the cell string exceeds the threshold, and the diode turns into a forward conducting state. The current bypasses the faulty crystalline silicon solar cell string 5 and flows directly through the conducting diode 8, effectively preventing the faulty cell string from becoming a load and causing overheating. At the same time, it ensures that other parallel crystalline silicon solar cell strings 5 ​​are not affected by voltage fluctuations and maintains the overall power generation efficiency.

[0022] The water-guiding slope 10 on the front side of the substrate 1 can quickly guide rainwater to the bottom of the component, wash away accumulated dust and reduce residue. The mounting gap 9 between the glass 6 and the front side of the substrate 1 is completely sealed by the molten adhesive filling groove 11 and sealant to prevent moisture or dirt from entering the interior of the mounting groove 4. The molten adhesive is evenly filled into the semi-circular cross-section molten adhesive filling groove 11 through the glue outlet 12 at the end of the partition 3, which enhances the sealing performance and structural stability.

[0023] The support frame 13 is embedded in the edge of the substrate 1 to enhance the mechanical strength of the component and prevent stress damage to the crystalline silicon solar cell 7 caused by deformation. The thickness of the crystalline silicon solar cell 7 matches the mounting groove 4 and is bonded together with EVA film to ensure a tight fit between the solar cell and the substrate, reducing thermal resistance and improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0024] In summary, this invention achieves rapid isolation of hot spot effects through the coordinated control of parallel battery strings and intelligent diodes. Combined with a sealed water-conducting structure and embedded design, it effectively reduces the impact of environmental factors on power generation performance and significantly improves the reliability and service life of the system.

[0025] The above embodiments merely illustrate the implementation of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. Furthermore, in these embodiments, "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "back" represent relative positions only, not absolute positions. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module with an embedded battery, characterized in that: The substrate (1) includes a mounting groove (2) on the front side of the substrate (1), and multiple partitions (3) are provided in the mounting groove (2). Each partition (3) and the mounting groove (2) form multiple rows of embedding grooves (4). Each embedding groove (4) is provided with a crystalline silicon cell string (5), and each crystalline silicon cell string (5) is connected in parallel via a circuit. Each crystalline silicon cell string (5) includes multiple crystalline silicon cell pieces (7) disposed in the embedding groove (4), and the crystalline silicon cell pieces (7) are connected in series via a circuit. Each substrate (1) is provided with a conducting diode (8) connected in parallel with each crystalline silicon cell string (5). There is a mounting gap (9) between the front side of the partition (3) and the front side of the substrate (1). Each partition (3) has a glass (6) on its front side that is adapted to the mounting groove (2) corresponding to the mounting gap (9). The bottom of the front side of the substrate (1) is provided with a water-guiding slope (10).

2. The photovoltaic module embedded in the battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting groove (2) corresponding to the mounting gap (9) is provided with a melt filling groove (11).

3. The photovoltaic module embedded in the battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the partition (3) is provided with a glue passage (12) that communicates with the melt filling groove (11).

4. The photovoltaic module embedded in the battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the melt filling groove (11) is semi-circular.

5. The photovoltaic module embedded in the battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front edge of the glass (6) and the groove surface of the mounting groove (2) are filled with sealant.

6. The photovoltaic module embedded in the battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conducting diode (8) is disposed inside the partition.

7. The photovoltaic module embedded in the battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the crystalline silicon solar cell (7) is equal to the thickness of the mounting groove (4).

8. The photovoltaic module embedded in the battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (13) is provided in the base plate (1) on the side of the mounting groove (2).

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