An adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis turning and milling machine tool

Abstract

An adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis milling and turning machine tool includes a follow-up chip removal and guiding module, a zoned negative pressure chip suction module, and a directional cooling spray module. The follow-up chip removal and guiding module includes an annular guide rail and a guiding mechanism, with the guiding mechanism distributed on the annular guide rail. Chip guide grooves are provided within the annular guide rail. The zoned negative pressure chip suction module includes a milling mode pipe, a turning mode pipe, and a chip collection box. The milling mode pipe and the turning mode pipe are connected to the chip collection box via a reversing valve connected to the annular guide rail and positioned between adjacent guiding mechanisms. The turning mode pipe is connected to a fan. The directional cooling spray module uses nozzles, which are located inside the guide plate. This device achieves efficient chip removal and precise coolant spraying, the guide plate moves in the opposite direction with the spindle rotation, the chip suction module switches according to the machining mode, and the cooling nozzles track the cutting point, resulting in a high chip collection rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a device for chip removal and cooling in a five-axis milling and turning machine tool, belonging to the field of machine tool chip removal and cooling technology. Background Technology

[0002] Milling-turning machines integrate turning and milling, allowing multiple machining operations to be completed in a single setup, significantly improving material removal efficiency. However, they also generate a large amount of cutting debris during the process. Particularly when machining complex curved surfaces such as impeller blades, five-axis milling-turning machines, due to the multi-angle deflection of the spindle, produce irregularly radiating chips that tend to accumulate on the worktable or cutting tools, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning. This severely impacts machining efficiency and quality, and shortens the machine's lifespan. Furthermore, traditional cooling systems use full-area spraying, resulting in excessive coverage of non-machining areas, high coolant consumption, and oil mist pollution.

[0003] Among existing five-axis milling and turning composite machine tools, some use enclosed chip removal chambers or high-pressure air blowing devices. Although these can achieve a high chip removal rate, they are costly and difficult to modify, making them unsuitable for small and medium-sized equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing chip removal technologies for turning and milling composite machine tools by providing an adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for five-axis turning and milling composite machine tools that can automatically adjust with the direction of spindle movement. It is mainly used in tilting head type five-axis turning and milling composite machining centers to achieve dynamic chip guidance and precise coolant spraying, thus solving the problems of chip accumulation and coolant waste in multi-angle machining of five-axis turning and milling composite machine tools.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for the five-axis turning and milling composite machine tool of this utility model adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] The device includes a follow-up chip removal and guiding module, a zoned negative pressure chip suction module, and a directional cooling spray module. The zoned negative pressure chip suction module and the directional cooling spray module are both mounted on the follow-up chip removal and guiding module.

[0007] The follow-up chip removal and guiding module includes an annular guide rail and a guiding mechanism. The guiding mechanism is distributed on the annular guide rail, and chip guiding grooves are provided in the annular guide rail.

[0008] The zoned negative pressure chip suction module includes a milling mode pipe, a turning mode pipe, and a chip collection box. The milling mode pipe and the turning mode pipe are connected to the chip collection box through a reversing valve. The reversing valve is connected to the annular guide rail and is located between adjacent flow guiding mechanisms. The turning mode pipe is connected to the fan.

[0009] The directional cooling jet module uses nozzles, which are located on the inside of the guide plate (facing the center of the annular guide rail).

[0010] Furthermore:

[0011] The annular guide rail is engraved with positioning scale lines to ensure that the guide plates are installed at equal intervals on the annular guide rail.

[0012] The chip guide groove is a T-shaped groove.

[0013] The surface of the chip guide groove is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to reduce chip adhesion.

[0014] The flow guiding mechanism includes a flow guide plate and a drive mechanism. The flow guide plate is connected to the drive mechanism, which is mounted on an annular guide rail. The drive mechanism includes a reduction gearbox and a stepper motor. The power input end of the reduction gearbox is connected to the stepper motor, and the flow guide plate is connected to the power output end of the reduction gearbox. The reduction gearbox is mounted in a T-slot of the annular guide rail via a slider. A bearing is installed in the slider to allow for smooth sliding within the T-slot. The flow guide plate is fan-shaped, with its included angle facing outwards and its arc surface facing the power input end of the reduction gearbox. Based on the spindle deflection angle signal of the five-axis milling and turning machine tool, the drive mechanism drives the flow guide plate to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0015] The chip collection box is divided into a milling chip collection box and a turning chip collection box. Milling mode pipes and turning mode pipes are connected to the milling chip collection box and the turning chip collection box, respectively. A magnetic vibrating screen is installed inside the milling chip collection box. A differential pressure sensor is installed on the side wall of the milling chip collection box. When the adsorbed iron filings reach a threshold, the differential pressure sensor triggers an alarm, prompting cleaning.

[0016] The nozzle is connected to the guide plate via a universal joint and to the coolant pipe via a flow control valve. The flow control valve is an electromagnetic proportional valve, with a preset flow level according to the switching of the milling and turning machining mode.

[0017] The aforementioned device is fixed to the flange face of the spindle housing of the oscillating head spindle via an annular guide rail. During five-axis machine tool machining, the machine tool's CNC system acquires the spindle's deflection angle in real time and drives the guide plate to rotate in the opposite direction via a drive mechanism, forming a chip blocking surface. Splashed chips slide along the chip guide groove into the turning mode pipe or milling mode pipe. During turning, a high-power fan is activated to attract long chips, which are then sucked into the chip collection box through the turning mode pipe. During milling, the system switches to vibrating screening mode, and the chips enter the chip collection box through the milling mode pipe. Coolant is precisely sprayed onto the cutting area through nozzles.

[0018] This invention achieves efficient chip removal and precise coolant spraying. The guide plate moves in the opposite direction to the spindle rotation, the chip suction module switches according to the machining mode, and the cooling nozzles track the cutting point through mechanical linkage. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. It can automatically adjust with the direction of spindle movement, realizing an adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device, effectively solving the industry pain points of chip accumulation, rough cooling and high modification costs caused by multi-angle machining of five-axis turning and milling composite machine tools.

[0020] 2. The chip collection rate can be improved by dynamically adjusting the follow-up guide plate, which can significantly reduce the frequency of downtime for cleaning; at the same time, combined with the universal joint directional cooling nozzle, the coolant can accurately cover the cutting area.

[0021] 3. The zoned negative pressure chip suction module effectively prevents secondary splashing of chips through a two-stage filtration process of vibration screening and magnetic adsorption.

[0022] 4. Through mechanical linkage and modular design, dynamic chip guidance and precise coolant spraying are achieved, solving the problems of chip accumulation and coolant waste in multi-angle machining of five-axis milling and turning composite machine tools.

[0023] 5. The modular structure is compatible with mainstream milling and turning machine tool models, greatly reducing modification costs. It combines high efficiency, economy, and reliability in high-precision machining scenarios such as aerospace thin-walled parts and mold cavities. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for the five-axis turning and milling composite machine tool of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the two-position five-way directional valve structure in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the regional negative pressure chip suction module of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle angle linkage structure in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device in this utility model.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Circular guide rail;

[0031] 2. Guide vane; 201. Slider; 202. Ball bearing;

[0032] 3. Stepper motor; 301. Reduction gearbox;

[0033] 4. Two-position five-way directional valve; 401. Pipe inlet for turning mode; 402. Pipe inlet for milling mode; 403. Pipe for milling mode; 404. Pipe for turning mode; 405. Fan pipe; 406. Bolt.

[0034] 5. Centrifugal fan;

[0035] 601. Differential pressure sensor; 602. Screen; 603. Milling chip inlet; 604. Turning chip inlet; 605. Fan inlet; 606. Milling chip collection box; 607. Flange; 608. Turning chip collection box; 609. Electromagnetic vibrator; 610. Cover plate;

[0036] 7. Nozzle assembly, 701. Nozzle, 702. Universal joint,

[0037] 8. Flow control valve;

[0038] 9. Swivel head spindle, 901. Spindle housing flange face, 902. Hex bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0039] This invention relates to an adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis turning and milling machine tool. The overall structure includes a follow-up chip removal and guiding module, a zoned negative pressure chip suction module, and a directional cooling spray module. Both the zoned negative pressure chip suction module and the directional cooling spray module are mounted on the follow-up chip removal and guiding module. The directional cooling spray module automatically adjusts its movement direction on the follow-up chip removal and guiding module, following the spindle's movement direction.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the follow-up chip removal and guiding module consists of an annular guide rail 1 and a guiding mechanism. Multiple guiding mechanisms are evenly arranged on the annular guide rail 1. Figure 1 Three are provided in the annular guide rail 1. The annular guide rail 1 is equipped with chip guide grooves. The cross-section of the chip guide grooves is T-shaped, forming T-grooves. These T-grooves collect coolant and chips, and their surfaces are coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to reduce chip adhesion. The annular guide rail 1 has grooves distributed along its connection to the machine tool's swivel head spindle 9 (see...). Figure 6The guide mechanism includes a guide plate 1 and a drive mechanism. The guide plate is connected to the drive mechanism, which is mounted on the annular guide rail 1. The drive mechanism includes a reduction gearbox 301 and a stepper motor 3. The power input end of the reduction gearbox 301 is connected to the stepper motor 3, and the power output end is connected to the guide plate 2. The reduction gearbox 301 is mounted on the slider 201, which is located in the T-slot of the annular guide rail 1. A ball bearing 202 is installed inside the slider 201 to ensure that the slider 201 can slide smoothly in the T-slot. By freely sliding the slider 201 in the T-slot, the position of the guide plate 2 on the annular guide rail 1 can be adjusted so that each guide plate 2 has a certain spacing on the annular guide rail 1. After the position of the guide plate 2 is determined, the slider 201 is fixed. The annular guide rail 1 is engraved with positioning scale lines to ensure that the guide plates 2 are installed at equal intervals. Stepper motor 3 drives guide plate 2 to deflect in the opposite direction of the rotation direction of machine tool spindle 9 through reduction gearbox 301. The deflection angle is controlled by the spindle spatial attitude data output in real time by the CNC system of the machine tool. Guide plate 2 is fan-shaped with a 120-degree included angle, with the included angle facing outward and the arc surface facing the power input end of reduction gearbox 301.

[0041] The zoned negative pressure chip suction module is mounted on the annular guide rail 1 and positioned between adjacent flow guiding mechanisms. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the zoned negative pressure chip suction module includes a milling mode pipe 403, a turning mode pipe 404, a two-position five-way directional valve 4, and a chip collection box. One side of the two-position five-way directional valve 4 is respectively equipped with the milling mode pipe 403, the turning mode pipe 404, and a fan pipe 405, with the fan pipe 405 connected to the turning mode pipe 404. The other side's valve port connects to the turning mode pipe suction inlet 401 and the milling mode pipe suction inlet 402. The turning mode pipe suction inlet 401 and the milling mode pipe suction inlet 402 are switched by the two-position five-way directional valve 4. Under normal conditions, the two-position five-way directional valve 4 is in turning mode (ensuring the lowest risk of long chip blockage), with the turning mode pipe suction inlet 401 connected to the turning mode pipe 404 and also connected to the fan pipe 405. When the milling mode is activated, the valve core of the two-position five-way directional valve 4 is displaced, connecting the milling mode pipe suction inlet 402 to the milling mode pipe 403, opening the milling channel. The two-position five-way directional valve 4 is connected to a slider by bolts 406, and the slider is disposed in the T-slot of the annular guide rail 1. The two-position five-way directional valve 4 can be a solenoid-controlled valve or a pneumatic-controlled valve.

[0042] like Figure 3As shown, the chip collection box is divided into a milling chip collection box 606 and a turning chip collection box 608, with a cover plate 610 on top. The cover plate 610 is equipped with a high-power centrifugal fan 5 (airflow 800 m³ / h), a turning chip inlet 604, and a milling chip inlet 603. A fan duct 405 is connected to the centrifugal fan 5 via a fan inlet 605 to collect long, thin chips. The turning mode duct 404 is connected to the turning chip inlet 604 on the turning chip collection box 608. The milling mode duct 403 is connected to the milling chip inlet 603 on the milling chip collection box 606. A differential pressure sensor 601 is installed on the side wall of the milling chip collection box 606. The milling chip collection box 606 contains an inclined stainless steel magnetic vibrating screen 602 (2mm aperture) located below the milling chip inlet 603. The magnetic vibrating screen 602 is connected to the electromagnetic vibrator 609 (see [link]). Figure 4 The magnetic vibrating screen 602, in conjunction with the electromagnetic vibrator 609, screens the chips into the milling chip collection box 606. When the adsorbed iron chips reach the threshold, the differential pressure sensor (601) will trigger an alarm, prompting cleaning. The turning chip collection box 608 is equipped with a flange 607 at the front. During cleaning, simply remove the flange 607 to remove the chips.

[0043] The directional cooling injection module uses nozzle 701, such as... Figure 5 As shown, nozzle 701 is located on the inner side of guide plate 2 (facing the center of annular guide rail 1). Nozzle 701 is connected to guide plate 2 via universal joint 702 and connected to coolant pipe via flow control valve 8. Flow control valve 8 switches coolant flow according to machining mode (turning / milling) (turning mode: 5L / min, milling mode: 3L / min).

[0044] The working process of the above-mentioned integrated device is as follows.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, the annular guide rail 1 is fixed to the spindle housing flange face 901 of the swivel head spindle 9 by eight hexagonal bolts 902, and is installed concentrically with the machine tool swivel head spindle 9.

[0046] During five-axis machine tool machining, the CNC system acquires the deflection angle of the spindle 9 in real time and drives the guide plate 2 to move in the opposite direction to the spindle deflection (e.g., B-axis +30°, guide plate 2 rotates in the opposite direction -27°), forming a chip blocking surface. This ensures that the splashed chips slide off along the guide plate 2 and are then sucked into the turning mode pipe inlet 401 or the milling mode pipe inlet 402. The inlet is switched by a two-position five-way reversing valve 4 according to the machining mode. During turning, a high-power fan 5 is started, and the long strip-shaped chips from the turning mode are sucked into the turning mode pipe 404 through the fan pipe 405 from the turning mode pipe inlet 401, and then into the turning chip collection box 608 through the turning chip inlet 604. During milling, the system switches to the vibrating screen mode, and the chips are adsorbed and shaken off by the magnetic vibrating screen 602 into the milling chip collection box 606. The coolant is precisely sprayed into the cutting area through the flow control valve 8 and nozzle 701. The flow rate is automatically adjusted according to the machining stage. The cooling nozzle 701 tracks the cutting point through the mechanical linkage of the guide plate 2 and the universal joint, achieving precise coolant spraying. When the milling chip collection box 606 reaches a certain amount of chips, the differential pressure sensor 601 is triggered to alarm, prompting cleaning to avoid pipe blockage.

[0047] The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device of the above-mentioned five-axis milling and turning composite machine tool adopts an integrated design of follow-up flow guidance and regional chip suction, which significantly improves chip cleaning efficiency and optimizes coolant utilization.

[0048] With the above solution, the machine tool can achieve dynamic chip guidance and precise coolant control without modifying the main structure, which greatly improves the chip collection rate and coolant utilization rate. At the same time, it is compatible with mainstream five-axis milling and turning machine tool models, reduces modification costs, and significantly improves the processing efficiency of complex curved surface parts.

Claims

1. A five-axis turning-milling combined machine tool adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device, characterized in that, It includes a follow-up chip removal and guiding module, a zoned negative pressure chip suction module, and a directional cooling spray module. The zoned negative pressure chip suction module and the directional cooling spray module are both installed on the follow-up chip removal and guiding module. The follow-up chip removal and guiding module includes an annular guide rail and a guiding mechanism. The guiding mechanism is distributed on the annular guide rail, and chip guiding grooves are provided in the annular guide rail. The zoned negative pressure chip suction module includes a milling mode pipe, a turning mode pipe, and a chip collection box. The milling mode pipe and the turning mode pipe are connected to the chip collection box through a reversing valve. The reversing valve is connected to the annular guide rail and is located between adjacent flow guiding mechanisms. The turning mode pipe is connected to the fan. The directional cooling spray module uses nozzles, which are located inside the guide plate.

2. The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device of the 5-axis turning-milling hybrid machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chip guide groove is a T-shaped groove.

3. The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis milling and turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the chip guide groove is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis milling and turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding mechanism includes a flow guiding plate and a driving mechanism. The flow guiding plate is connected to the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is mounted on an annular guide rail.

5. The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis milling and turning machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a reduction gearbox and a stepper motor. The power input end of the reduction gearbox is connected to the stepper motor, and the guide plate is connected to the power output end of the reduction gearbox. The reduction gearbox is set in the T-groove of the annular guide rail by a slider.

6. The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis milling and turning machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slider is equipped with a bearing.

7. The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis milling and turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide vane is fan-shaped, with its included angle facing outwards and its arc surface facing the power input end of the reduction gearbox.

8. The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis milling and turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chip collection box is divided into a milling chip collection box and a turning chip collection box. The milling mode pipe and the turning mode pipe are respectively connected to the milling chip collection box and the turning chip collection box. A magnetic vibrating screen is installed inside the milling chip collection box.

9. The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis milling and turning machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, A differential pressure sensor is installed on the side wall of the milling chip collection box.

10. The adaptive chip removal and cooling integrated device for a five-axis milling and turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle is connected to the guide plate via a universal joint and to the coolant pipe via a flow control valve.

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