Safety protection devices

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of bridge construction technology and discloses a safety protection device, including multiple guardrails and multiple sets of fixing components. The multiple guardrails are connected sequentially along a first direction. Each guardrail includes a first base, a first crossbeam, a post, and a sleeve. The first crossbeam and the first base are connected by the post. The sleeve is connected to one end of the first crossbeam. The first crossbeams of two adjacent guardrails are inserted into each other through the sleeve. The bottom surface of the first base is provided with a first mounting groove, and both ends of the top surface are provided with first connecting holes communicating with the first mounting groove. The fixing components include two pre-embedded sleeves, two insert rods, and at least one connecting plate. The two pre-embedded sleeves are inserted into the ground at intervals. The connecting plate is fixed to the side wall of the first mounting groove of one of the first bases and extends partially into the first mounting groove of the adjacent first base. The two insert rods pass through the first connecting holes and two second connecting holes of two adjacent first bases and are inserted into the two pre-embedded sleeves. This utility model is easy to install and disassemble.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge construction technology, and in particular to a safety protection device. Background Technology

[0002] In modern transportation infrastructure construction, bridges, as key hubs, bear enormous traffic pressure, and the performance of their safety protection devices directly affects the lives of vehicles and pedestrians. With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous growth of traffic flow, safety protection devices not only need to have high-strength collision resistance, but also need to meet the requirements of convenient installation and flexible maintenance to adapt to diverse engineering scenarios and complex environmental conditions.

[0003] Currently, safety protection devices mainly use rigid connections to assemble multiple guardrails. A common technical solution involves installing connecting flanges at the base and beam ends of adjacent guardrails, and then arranging 8-12 high-strength bolts to form a dense bolt array for secure connection. However, due to the large number and dense distribution of bolts, repeated alignment and tightening are required during installation, and disassembling the bolts during later maintenance is time-consuming and labor-intensive, severely impacting maintenance efficiency and failing to meet the engineering requirements for rapid installation and efficient maintenance of bridge guardrails.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a safety protection device to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a safety protection device that is simple to install and easy to maintain.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The safety protection device is characterized by comprising:

[0008] Multiple guardrails are connected sequentially along a first direction. Each guardrail includes a first base, a first crossbeam, a post, and a sleeve. The first crossbeam and the first base are spaced apart along a second direction and connected by the post. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The sleeve is connected to one end of the first crossbeam. The first crossbeams of two adjacent guardrails are inserted into each other through the sleeve. The bottom surface of the first base has a first mounting groove that runs through the first direction, and the top surfaces of both ends of the first base along the first direction have first connecting holes that communicate with the first mounting groove.

[0009] Multiple sets of fixing components are provided. The first bases of two adjacent guardrails are connected by a set of fixing components. Each fixing component includes two pre-embedded sleeves, two insert rods, and at least one connecting plate. The two pre-embedded sleeves are inserted into the ground at intervals. The connecting plate has two second connecting holes at intervals. The connecting plate is fixed to the side wall of the first mounting groove of one of the first bases and extends partially into the first mounting groove of the adjacent first base, so that the two second connecting holes are coaxially corresponding to the first connecting holes of the two adjacent first bases. The two insert rods pass through the first connecting holes of the two adjacent first bases and the two second connecting holes of the connecting plate and are inserted into the two pre-embedded sleeves.

[0010] Preferably, at least two connecting plates are provided, the connecting plates are spaced apart along the second direction, and two adjacent connecting plates are connected to the sidewalls of two adjacent first mounting slots in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0011] Preferably, the safety protection device further includes two fixed railings, which are connected one-to-one to the guardrails at both ends of the safety protection device. Each fixed railing includes a second base, a second crossbeam, and a column. The second base is fixed to the ground by a fixing member. The second crossbeam and the second base are spaced apart along a second direction and connected by the column. The second base is connected to the adjacent first base by the fixing component. The second crossbeam and the adjacent first crossbeam are connected by the sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, each of the guardrails includes two horizontally spaced first beams, with the uprights sandwiched between the two first beams.

[0013] Preferably, the insertion rod includes a connected end and a rod portion, the rod portion being sequentially inserted through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole and into the pre-embedded sleeve, and the end abutting against and fixed to the top surface of the first base.

[0014] Preferably, the safety protection device further includes multiple casters, each of the guardrails is equipped with a caster, and the casters are movably disposed in the first mounting groove along the second direction.

[0015] Preferably, the caster wheel includes a bracket and a rotating wheel. The first mounting groove is provided with a pair of limiting plates, and each pair of limiting plates is equipped with a caster wheel. The bracket is provided with protrusions on both sides of the first direction. The two limiting plates are provided with sliding grooves extending along the second direction. The bracket is located between the two limiting plates, and the two protrusions are inserted into the two sliding grooves one-to-one.

[0016] Preferably, each of the first bases is provided with a fixing plate in the first mounting slot, and the fixing plate is provided with a fixing hole, and the column extends into the first mounting slot and passes through the fixing hole.

[0017] Preferably, each of the guardrails includes a plurality of posts, which are spaced apart along the first direction.

[0018] Preferably, the distance between the two opposite sides of the first base gradually increases from the top surface of the first base to the bottom surface of the first base.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] This utility model proposes a safety protection device that uses a horizontal sleeve to achieve quick insertion of the first crossbeam of adjacent guardrails. A vertical insertion rod into the pre-embedded sleeve, combined with the second connecting hole of the connecting plate and the first connecting hole of the first base, connects and fixes the bases of two adjacent guardrails, improving installation efficiency. Furthermore, the plug-in connection design allows for separation of two adjacent guardrails simply by vertically pulling out the rod, improving maintenance efficiency. Simultaneously, the vertical load-bearing system formed by the vertical rod and the pre-embedded sleeve effectively transfers impact force to the ground, enhancing the overall structure's impact resistance and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety protection device described in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the guardrail and fixing components described in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the guardrail and fixing components described in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-embedded sleeve and insertion rod described in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed railing and fixed components described in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the universal wheel, the limiting plate, and the drive assembly described in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1. Guardrail; 11. First base; 110. First mounting groove; 111. First connecting hole; 12. First crossbeam; 13. Post; 14. Sleeve; 15. Fixing plate; 150. Fixing hole; 16. Limiting plate; 160. Guide groove;

[0030] 2. Fixing component; 21. Embedded sleeve; 22. Insert rod; 221. End; 222. Rod part; 23. Connecting plate; 230. Connecting hole;

[0031] 3. Fixed railing; 31. Second base; 32. Second crossbeam; 33. Beam and column;

[0032] 4. Casters; 41. Bracket; 42. Wheels;

[0033] 5. Drive assembly; 51. Top plate; 52. Bottom plate; 53. Two-way lead screw; 54. Lifting component; 541. First lifting arm; 542. Second lifting arm; 543. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar parts or parts having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this utility model provides a safety protection device, including multiple guardrails 1 and multiple sets of fixing components 2. The multiple guardrails 1 are connected sequentially along a first direction. Each guardrail 1 includes a first base 11, a first crossbeam 12, a post 13, and a sleeve 14. The first crossbeam 12 and the first base 11 are spaced apart along a second direction and connected by the post 13. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The sleeve 14 is connected to one end of the first crossbeam 12. The first crossbeams 12 of two adjacent guardrails 1 are inserted into each other through the sleeve 14. The bottom surface of the first base 11 has a first mounting groove 110 that runs through the first direction, and the top surfaces of both ends of the first base 11 along the first direction have first connecting holes 111 that communicate with the first mounting groove 110. The first bases 11 of two adjacent guardrails 1 are connected by a set of fixing components 2. The fixing components 2 include two pre-embedded sleeves 21, two insert rods 22, and at least one connecting plate 23. The two pre-embedded sleeves 21 are inserted into the ground at intervals. The connecting plate 23 has two second connecting holes 230 at intervals. The connecting plate 23 is fixed to the side wall of the first mounting groove 110 of one of the first bases 11 and extends partially into the first mounting groove 110 of the adjacent first base 11, so that the two second connecting holes 230 are coaxially corresponding to the first connecting holes 111 of the two adjacent first bases 11. The two insert rods 22 pass through the first connecting holes 111 of the two adjacent first bases 11 and the two second connecting holes 230 of the connecting plate 23 and are inserted into the two pre-embedded sleeves 21. The first direction is the length direction of the safety protection device, and the second direction is the height direction of the safety protection device.

[0039] This invention utilizes a horizontal sleeve 14 to enable quick connection of the first crossbeams 12 of adjacent guardrails 1. By vertically inserting a rod 22 into the pre-embedded sleeve 21, and cooperating with the second connecting hole 230 of the connecting plate 23 and the first connecting hole 111 of the first base 11, the bases 11 of two adjacent guardrails 1 are connected and fixed, improving installation efficiency. Furthermore, the plug-in connection design allows for easy separation of two adjacent guardrails 1 simply by vertically pulling out the rod 22, improving maintenance efficiency. Simultaneously, the vertical load-bearing system formed by the vertical rod 22 and the pre-embedded sleeve 21 effectively transmits impact force to the ground, enhancing the overall structure's impact resistance and stability.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first crossbeam 12 is a rectangular steel pipe of 120mm×100mm, the first base 11 has a height of 430mm and a width of 500mm, and the total height of the guardrail 1 is 950mm.

[0041] In this embodiment, to improve the stability of the connection, the first crossbeam 12 and the sleeve 14 are fixed together by 1-3 bolts. When the sleeve 14 is inserted into the first crossbeam 12, the bolt holes can be automatically aligned, eliminating the need for workers to spend a lot of time repeatedly aligning multiple bolt holes, thus improving the stability of the connection while ensuring installation efficiency.

[0042] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the distance between the two opposite sides of the first base 11 gradually increases from the top surface of the first base 11 to the bottom surface of the first base 11. This trapezoidal structure, which is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, effectively lowers the center of gravity of the protective device, enhances its overall anti-overturning ability, and reduces the risk of the protective device overturning or shifting when encountering external impacts such as vehicle collisions.

[0043] Specifically, each guardrail 1 includes two horizontally spaced first beams 12, with posts 13 sandwiched between the two first beams 12. The construction of the two first beams 12 significantly enhances the overall rigidity and bending resistance of the guardrail 1, enabling the protective device to more effectively resist impact loads from different directions.

[0044] Specifically, each guardrail 1 includes multiple posts 13, which are spaced apart along a first direction. By increasing the density of the posts 13, the longitudinal load-bearing capacity of the guardrail 1 is significantly improved. At the same time, the spaced arrangement of the multiple posts 13 ensures the lightweight of the overall structure of the guardrail 1 and forms a continuous buffer zone, which can effectively absorb impact energy through the gradual deformation of the multiple posts 13 when hit by a vehicle.

[0045] In this embodiment, each guardrail 1 is provided with three posts 13.

[0046] In other embodiments, each guardrail 1 may also be provided with five posts 13, and the number of posts 13 is not specifically limited here.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, each first base 11 has a fixing plate 15 in its first mounting groove 110. The fixing plate 15 has fixing holes 150, and the uprights 13 are inserted into the first mounting groove 110 and pass through the fixing holes 150. Through the positioning function of the fixing plate 15, the multiple uprights 13 can maintain precise verticality and spacing, effectively improving the overall structural accuracy of the guardrail 1. At the same time, the plug-in cooperation between the fixing plate 15 and the uprights 13 forms a double fixing mechanism, further strengthening the connection strength between the uprights 13 and the base 11.

[0048] Specifically, the insertion rod 22 includes a connected end 221 and a rod portion 222. The rod portion 222 passes sequentially through the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 230 and is inserted into the pre-embedded sleeve 21. The end 221 abuts against and is fixed to the top surface of the first base 11. The limiting effect of the end 221 ensures the accurate positioning and reliable fixation of the insertion rod 22 in the vertical direction, preventing loosening or displacement during use. At the same time, the surface contact between the end 221 and the top surface of the first base 11 increases the force-bearing area, enabling the connection part to withstand greater impact loads. During construction, the end 221 can be automatically positioned simply by vertically inserting the rod portion 222.

[0049] In this embodiment, the end 221 is fixed to the top surface of the first base 11 by bolts to increase the connection strength.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, at least two connecting plates 23 are provided, and the connecting plates 23 are spaced apart along the second direction. Adjacent connecting plates 23 are connected one-to-one to the sidewalls of adjacent first mounting slots 110. The combination of multiple connecting plates 23 enhances the constraint effect between adjacent guardrails 1, reduces the relative displacement of the protective device in the horizontal and vertical directions, and thus further improves stability.

[0051] In this embodiment, three connecting plates 23 are provided.

[0052] In other embodiments, four connecting plates 23 may be provided, and the number of connecting plates 23 is not specifically limited here.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the safety protection device also includes two fixed railings 3, which are connected one-to-one to the guardrails 1 at both ends of the safety protection device. Each fixed railing 3 includes a second base 31, a second crossbeam 32, and a beam-column 33. The second base 31 is fixed to the ground by fasteners. The second crossbeam 32 and the second base 31 are spaced apart along a second direction and connected by the beam-column 33. The second base 31 is connected to the adjacent first base 11 by a fixing component 2, and the second crossbeam 32 is connected to the adjacent first crossbeam 12 by a sleeve 14. The second base 31 of the fixed railing 3 is directly anchored to the ground by fasteners, forming a stable foundation support point, which greatly limits the overall horizontal displacement and overturning tendency of the protection device.

[0054] In this embodiment, the length of the fixed railing 3 is less than the length of the protective railing 1.

[0055] In this embodiment, the fixing component is a rebar bolt.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the safety protection device also includes multiple casters 4. Each guardrail 1 is equipped with a caster 4, and the casters 4 are movably positioned within the first mounting groove 110 along the second direction. At the construction site, construction workers do not need large hoisting equipment; they only need to adjust the position of the casters within the first mounting groove 110 to contact the ground to move and precisely align the guardrail 1, facilitating the installation of the safety protection device. When fixing the guardrail 1, the casters 4 can be retracted, allowing the first base 11 to smoothly lower into contact with the ground.

[0057] More specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the safety protection device also includes multiple drive components 5. Each caster wheel 4 is equipped with a drive component 5. The drive component 5 is fixed to the bottom of the first mounting groove 110 and is used to drive the caster wheel 4 to move in the second direction.

[0058] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, the drive assembly 5 includes a top plate 51, a bottom plate 52, a bidirectional lead screw 53, and two sets of lifting components 54. The top plate 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first mounting groove 110, and the bottom plate 52 is connected to the caster wheel 4. The two sets of lifting components 54 are arranged at intervals relative to each other. Each lifting component 54 includes a first lifting arm 541, a second lifting arm 542, and a connecting rod 543. The first lifting arm 541 is rotatably connected to the second lifting arm 542 through the connecting rod 543. The ends of the first lifting arm 541 and the second lifting arm 542 that are away from each other are aligned. It should be hinged to the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52. The two ends of the double-acting screw 53 are respectively threaded to the connecting rods 543 of the two sets of lifting components 54. When the double-acting screw 53 rotates, it drives the connecting rods 543 of the two sets of lifting components 54 to move synchronously in opposite directions through the threaded transmission, thereby driving the first lifting arm 541 and the second lifting arm 542 to rotate around their hinge points with the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52, so that the lifting mechanism can be fully extended or retracted, and finally realize the lifting movement of the bottom plate 52 and its connected universal wheels 4 along the second direction.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the outer surface of the first base 11 is provided with an adjustment hole 112 that communicates with the first mounting groove 110, and the adjustment end 531 of the bidirectional lead screw 53 is directly opposite the adjustment hole 112. The operator can insert a tool through the adjustment hole 112 to directly rotate the bidirectional lead screw 53.

[0060] More specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, the caster wheel 4 includes a bracket 41 and a rotating wheel 42. A pair of limiting plates 15 are arranged within the first mounting groove 110, with each pair of limiting plates 15 corresponding to one caster wheel 4. The bracket 41 has protrusions on both opposite sides along a first direction. The two limiting plates 15 are provided with sliding grooves 150 extending along a second direction. The bracket 41 is located between the two limiting plates 15, and the two protrusions are inserted into the two sliding grooves 150 one-to-one. The symmetrical layout of the sliding grooves 150 on both sides ensures that the caster wheel 4 maintains vertical movement during lifting and lowering, avoiding skew.

[0061] In this embodiment, the installation steps of the safety protection device are as follows:

[0062] Step 1: Mark the hole positions according to the drawings, drill the holes and then insert the pre-embedded sleeve 21;

[0063] Step 2: Lower the caster wheel 4, pre-install the sleeve 14 onto the end of the first crossbeam 12, and pre-install the connecting plate 23 onto the first base 11;

[0064] Step 3: Push the guardrail 1 into the designated position in sequence and arrange them neatly in order. Retract the caster 4, connect the adjacent first crossbeam 12 through the sleeve 14, insert the plug rod 22 into the corresponding position of the first base 11, and ensure that the inserted plug rod 22 is completely inserted into the pre-embedded sleeve 21 in the ground.

[0065] Step 4: Place fixed railings 3 at both ends of the protective device, anchor the second base 31 to the ground with anchor bolts, and then connect the second base 31 of the fixed railing 3 to the first base 11 of the adjacent protective railing 1 with the insert rod 22. At the same time, connect the second crossbeam 32 of the fixed railing 3 to the first crossbeam 12 of the adjacent protective railing 1 with the sleeve 14 to form a closed protective structure.

[0066] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A safety protection device, characterized in that, include: Multiple guardrails (1) are connected sequentially along a first direction. Each guardrail (1) includes a first base (11), a first crossbeam (12), a post (13), and a sleeve (14). The first crossbeam (12) and the first base (11) are spaced apart along a second direction and connected by the post (13). The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The sleeve (14) is connected to one end of the first crossbeam (12). The first crossbeams (12) of two adjacent guardrails (1) are inserted into each other through the sleeve (14). The bottom surface of the first base (11) is provided with a first mounting groove (110) that runs through the first direction. The top surfaces of both ends of the first base (11) along the first direction are provided with first connecting holes (111) that communicate with the first mounting groove (110). Multiple sets of fixing components (2) are provided. The first bases (11) of two adjacent guardrails (1) are connected by a set of fixing components (2). The fixing components (2) include two pre-embedded sleeves (21), two insert rods (22) and at least one connecting plate (23). The two pre-embedded sleeves (21) are inserted into the ground at intervals. The connecting plate (23) has two second connecting holes (230) at intervals. The connecting plate (23) is fixed to the side wall of the first mounting groove (110) of one of the first bases (11) and extends partially into the first mounting groove (110) of the adjacent first base (11). The two second connecting holes (230) are coaxially corresponding to the first connecting holes (111) of the two adjacent first bases (11). The two insert rods (22) pass through the first connecting holes (111) of the two adjacent first bases (11) and the two second connecting holes (230) of the connecting plate (23) and are inserted into the two pre-embedded sleeves (21).

2. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two connecting plates (23) are provided, and the connecting plates (23) are spaced apart along the second direction, and two adjacent connecting plates (23) are connected to the side walls of two adjacent first mounting slots (110) in a one-to-one correspondence.

3. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety protection device also includes two fixed railings (3), which are connected one-to-one to the guardrails (1) at both ends of the safety protection device. Each fixed railing (3) includes a second base (31), a second crossbeam (32), and a beam column (33). The second base (31) is fixed to the ground by a fastener. The second crossbeam (32) and the second base (31) are spaced apart along a second direction and connected by the beam column (33). The second base (31) is connected to the adjacent first base (11) by the fixing component (2). The second crossbeam (32) and the adjacent first crossbeam (12) are connected by the sleeve (14).

4. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the guardrails (1) includes two horizontally spaced first beams (12), and the posts (13) are sandwiched between the two first beams (12).

5. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion rod (22) includes a connected end (221) and a rod (222). The rod (222) passes through the first connecting hole (111) and the second connecting hole (230) in sequence and is inserted into the pre-embedded sleeve (21). The end (221) abuts against and is fixed to the top surface of the first base (11).

6. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety protection device also includes multiple casters (4), each of the guardrails (1) is equipped with a caster (4), and the caster (4) is movably disposed in the first mounting groove (110) along the second direction.

7. The safety protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The caster wheel (4) includes a bracket (41) and a rotating wheel (42). The first mounting groove (110) is provided with a pair of limiting plates (16). Each pair of limiting plates (16) is equipped with a caster wheel (4). The bracket (41) is provided with protrusions on both sides along the first direction. The two limiting plates (16) are provided with sliding grooves (160) extending along the second direction. The bracket (41) is located between the two limiting plates (16), and the two protrusions are inserted into the two sliding grooves (160) one by one.

8. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the first bases (11) has a fixing plate (15) in the first mounting groove (110), and the fixing plate (15) has a fixing hole (150). The column (13) extends into the first mounting groove (110) and passes through the fixing hole (150).

9. The safety protection device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Each of the guardrails (1) includes a plurality of posts (13) spaced apart along the first direction.

10. The safety protection device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The distance between the two opposite sides of the first base (11) gradually increases from the top surface of the first base (11) to the bottom surface of the first base (11).

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