Novel battery mains supply switching protection circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of multi-power supply complementation, and discloses a novel battery and mains supply switching protection circuit, which comprises a solar cell panel, a PV reverse connection prevention module, an MPPT control loop module, a main control chip, a battery reverse connection prevention module and a mains supply DC module, and is characterized in that the output end of the solar cell panel is electrically connected with the PV reverse connection prevention module; the PV anti-reverse-connection module is electrically connected to the input end of the MPPT control loop module, the main control chip is electrically connected with the MPPT control loop module, the MPPT control loop module and the battery anti-reverse-connection module are in bidirectional connection, the output end of the battery anti-reverse-connection module is electrically connected with a storage battery, and the storage battery is electrically connected with a storage battery control module. According to the utility model, through the independent design of each module, the modules can be quickly replaced when a fault occurs, the controllability is increased, the functions of commercial power priority, battery priority, uninterruptible power supply of a load, commercial power discharge in the charging process and the like can be realized, and the load is never powered off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of multi-power supply complementarity technology, and in particular to a novel battery mains power switching protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional circuits suffer from shortcomings in switching efficiency and stability, and their switching circuits often use relays or contactors to switch between mains power and battery power. The engagement and disengagement of relays have a certain mechanical delay, which may cause temporary power outages and affect the normal operation of the equipment. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new type of battery-mains power switching protection circuit that provides a smoother switching experience.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN201075729Y, which discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation and mains power complementary device. This device includes a solar power supply system and a mains power grid interface. The solar power supply system comprises solar panels, an overcharge protection circuit, a battery, an over-discharge protection circuit, an inverter control circuit, a power amplifier circuit, a transformer, and a rectifier circuit, all connected in series. A switching circuit is also included, with its input terminals connected to both the mains power and the over-discharge protection circuit, and its output terminal connected to the rectifier circuit. The switching circuit is controlled by the voltage of the over-discharge protection circuit. The advantage of this invention is that when the solar battery is over-discharged, it quickly switches to mains power mode, and when the solar energy charges the battery to the recovery threshold, it quickly switches back to solar power mode, preventing load restarts and, most importantly, preventing data loss during power switching, thus ensuring safe computer operation.

[0004] The above-mentioned utility model solves the technical problem of slow switching speed of existing solar power supply and mains power supply switching devices, and provides a solar photovoltaic power generation and mains power complementary device with fast switching speed and safe load operation. However, in actual use, the above-mentioned device may experience sudden power outage of the load, which will lead to problems affecting system stability. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a novel battery mains power switching protection circuit, which aims to improve the existing technology where, when the discharge current is relatively large, the requirements for parameters such as relay contact current and contact voltage are relatively high, and the large current also has a significant impact on the mechanical life of the relay, making it impossible to guarantee rapid switching and affecting the reliability of the system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a novel battery mains switching protection circuit, comprising a solar panel, a PV reverse connection protection module, an MPPT control loop module, a main control chip, a battery reverse connection protection module, and a mains DC module. The output terminal of the solar panel is electrically connected to the PV reverse connection protection module, the PV reverse connection protection module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the MPPT control loop module, the main control chip is electrically connected to the MPPT control loop module, the MPPT control loop module and the battery reverse connection protection module are bidirectionally connected, the output terminal of the battery reverse connection protection module is electrically connected to a battery, the battery is electrically connected to a battery control module, the mains DC module is electrically connected to a DC control module, the output terminals of the battery control module and the DC control module are respectively connected to a discharge control module through independent MOSFET switching devices, the battery control module and the DC control module are electrically connected in parallel to a discharge control module, and the output terminal of the discharge control module is electrically connected to a load module.

[0007] The above technical solution increases controllability and enables functions such as mains power priority, battery priority, rapid switching, uninterrupted power supply to the load, and mains power discharge during charging.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The positive electrode of the solar panel is connected to PV+, and the negative electrode of the solar panel is connected to PV-.

[0010] The above technical solution allows for the standardized interfaces of PV+ and PV- to facilitate the connection of solar panels with different power ratings.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The MPPT charging circuit in the MPPT control loop module has PV+ connected to its input terminal and BAT+ connected to its output terminal.

[0013] The above technical solution conforms to the Buck topology, which can improve solar energy conversion efficiency, thereby enabling safe and efficient charging.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The reverse connection protection MOS transistor of the battery reverse connection protection module is located between the MPPT output terminal BAT+ and the battery.

[0016] The above technical solutions can prevent the battery from being reverse-connected and causing damage to the system. They can also work with the main control chip to achieve automatic fault isolation and recovery, and improve charging efficiency.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The HIN and LIN pins of the main control chip IRS2186 are connected to the PWM-H and PWM+L signals, respectively.

[0019] The above technical solution works as follows: when the PV+ voltage of the solar panel is normal, the main control chip prioritizes driving Q1 through the PWM-H signal to maximize solar power supply. When the PV+ voltage is insufficient or there is no sunlight at night, the main control chip turns off the PWM output and switches to AC power supply.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The mains power switching control circuit of the control module has DC+ connected to its input terminal and LOAD+ connected to its output terminal.

[0022] The above technical solutions enable rapid switching and efficient power supply, thereby ensuring the continuity of power supply to the load.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0024] One end of the battery switching control circuit of the discharge control module is connected to BAT+, and the other end is connected to LOAD+.

[0025] The above technical solutions can achieve coordinated management of charging and discharging, reducing battery cycle losses.

[0026] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0027] The negative terminal of the load in the load module is grounded (LOAD), the negative terminal of the AC input of the DC module is grounded (DC), and the negative terminal of the battery is grounded (BAT).

[0028] The above technical solutions can eliminate potential difference interference, avoid logic misjudgment or device damage caused by potential inconsistency, and ensure that leakage current is discharged through a common ground by a unified grounding path, thus avoiding the risk of electric shock.

[0029] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] In this invention, the independent design of each module allows for quick replacement in case of failure and increases controllability. It can achieve functions such as mains power priority, battery priority, uninterrupted power supply to the load, and mains power discharge during charging, ensuring that the load will never experience a power outage.

[0031] This invention achieves high efficiency, reliability, and ease of maintenance of the solar power supply system through dynamic optimization of MPPT, intelligent switching between dual power supplies, and full circuit safety protection. It is particularly suitable for scenarios with stringent requirements for energy utilization and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This utility model presents a schematic block diagram of the system structure of a novel battery mains power switching protection circuit.

[0033] Figure 2 The circuit structure diagram of a novel battery mains power switching protection circuit proposed in this utility model is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model provides an embodiment of a novel battery mains switching protection circuit, comprising a solar panel, a PV reverse connection protection module, an MPPT control loop module, a main control chip, a battery reverse connection protection module, and a mains DC module. The output terminal of the solar panel is electrically connected to the PV reverse connection protection module, the PV reverse connection protection module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the MPPT control loop module, the main control chip is electrically connected to the MPPT control loop module, the MPPT control loop module and the battery reverse connection protection module are bidirectionally connected, the output terminal of the battery reverse connection protection module is electrically connected to a battery, the battery is electrically connected to a battery control module, the mains DC module is electrically connected to a DC control module, the output terminals of the battery control module and the DC control module are respectively connected to a discharge control module through independent MOSFET switching devices, the battery control module and the DC control module are connected in parallel to the discharge control module, and the output terminal of the discharge control module is electrically connected to a load module.

[0036] Specifically, the PV reverse connection protection module can prevent system damage caused by reverse connection of solar panels, the MPPT control loop module can achieve maximum power point tracking and improve charging efficiency, the main control chip can coordinate the work of each module, and the battery control module can turn on when the battery is fully charged and then supply power to the load, and switch to AC power when the battery is low.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The positive terminal of the solar panel is connected to PV+, and the negative terminal of the solar panel is connected to PV-.

[0038] Specifically, this connection can form a complete current loop, providing initial energy input to the system.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The MPPT charging circuit in the MPPT control loop module has PV+ connected to its input terminal and BAT+ connected to its output terminal; the reverse connection protection MOSFET of the battery reverse connection protection circuit in the battery reverse connection protection module is located between the MPPT output terminal BAT+ and the battery.

[0040] Specifically, the MPPT charging circuit connection method maximizes solar energy utilization and ensures safe and efficient charging. The reverse connection protection module's battery reverse connection protection circuit connection method can prevent reverse current from damaging the MPPT circuit when the charging current is blocked.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The HIN and LIN pins of the main control chip IRS2186 are connected to PWM-H and PWM+L signals respectively; the input of the mains power switching control circuit of the control module is connected to DC+, and the output is connected to LOAD+; one end of the battery switching control circuit of the discharge control module is connected to BAT+, and the other end is connected to LOAD+; the negative terminal of the load in the load module is grounded (LOAD-), the negative terminal of the mains power DC module is grounded (DC-), and the negative terminal of the battery is grounded (BAT-).

[0042] Specifically, the main control chip can correctly drive the MOSFET switching devices to achieve efficient Buck conversion, thereby maximizing the solar charging efficiency. The mains power switching control circuit can switch between mains power and battery power to ensure seamless switching, avoid load power outages, and improve system reliability. The connection of the battery switching control circuit in the discharge control module allows the MOSFET switching devices to control the battery power supply path, mutually exclusive with the mains power path. Grounding LOAD-, DC-, and BAT- can avoid potential difference interference, ensure a common system ground, and reduce noise and false triggering risks.

[0043] Working principle: After the upgrade, a battery switching MOS and a DC switching MOS are added. The charging output is directly connected to the battery after passing through the battery reverse connection protection MOS. The battery is connected to the load positive after passing through the battery switching MOS / DC mains switching MOS. During discharge, the battery switching MOS can be turned on and the DC mains switching MOS can be turned off, allowing the battery to discharge. The switching between the two can be seamless, so the load will never experience a power outage. During charging, the battery switching MOS can be turned off and the battery reverse connection protection MOS and DC mains switching MOS can be turned on, allowing the battery to charge and the mains mains to discharge simultaneously. The main control chip can... The switching on and off of the MOSFET is controlled by detecting voltage polarity to prevent reverse connection damage to the circuit. The main control chip monitors these parameters in real time and triggers protection actions. During the day, the solar panel can supply power to the MPPT charging circuit, which in turn charges the battery through the reverse connection protection function. At night, the battery can supply power. When the load is working, the AC power switching MOSFET is turned off, adopting a solar priority and AC power backup mode. The AC power can assist the battery in discharging the load. When the main control chip detects that the battery voltage is insufficient, it turns off other MOSFETs and turns on the AC power switching MOSFET, allowing the AC power to directly supply power to the load.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A novel battery mains power switching protection circuit, comprising a solar panel, a PV reverse connection protection module, an MPPT control circuit module, a main control chip, a battery reverse connection protection module, and a mains DC power module, characterized in that: The output terminal of the solar panel is electrically connected to the PV reverse connection protection module, which is electrically connected to the input terminal of the MPPT control loop module. The main control chip is electrically connected to the MPPT control loop module, and the MPPT control loop module and the battery reverse connection protection module are bidirectionally connected. The output terminal of the battery reverse connection protection module is electrically connected to a battery, which is electrically connected to a battery control module. The AC DC module is electrically connected to a DC control module. The output terminals of the battery control module and the DC control module are respectively connected to a discharge control module through independent MOSFET switching devices. The battery control module and the DC control module are connected in parallel to a discharge control module, and the output terminal of the discharge control module is electrically connected to a load module.

2. The novel battery mains switching protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode of the solar panel is connected to PV+, and the negative electrode of the solar panel is connected to PV-.

3. The novel battery mains switching protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MPPT charging circuit in the MPPT control loop module has PV+ connected to its input terminal and BAT+ connected to its output terminal.

4. The novel battery mains switching protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse connection protection MOS transistor of the battery reverse connection protection module is located between the MPPT output terminal BAT+ and the battery.

5. A novel battery mains power switching protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The HIN and LIN pins of the main control chip IRS2186 are connected to the PWM-H and PWM+L signals, respectively.

6. A novel battery mains switching protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mains power switching control circuit of the control module has DC+ connected to its input terminal and LOAD+ connected to its output terminal.

7. A novel battery mains switching protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the battery switching control circuit of the discharge control module is connected to BAT+, and the other end is connected to LOAD+.

8. A novel battery mains power switching protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative terminal of the load in the load module is grounded (LOAD), the negative terminal of the AC input of the DC module is grounded (DC), and the negative terminal of the battery is grounded (BAT).

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