A fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof

Abstract

This utility model relates to a fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof, belonging to the field of photovoltaic power station fixing technology. The photovoltaic power station includes multiple photovoltaic brackets arranged in a straight line at equal intervals. The two mounting ends of the photovoltaic brackets are respectively fixed to two concrete counterweights, which are fixed to the roof. A concrete parapet wall is set on each side of the photovoltaic bracket arrangement direction, and the concrete counterweights are fixed to the roof. The two ends of the fastening cables are respectively fixed to the two concrete parapet walls, and the fastening cables are fixedly connected to all the concrete counterweights. This solves the problem of insufficient load-bearing capacity of the current roof for photovoltaic power stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic power station fixing technology, specifically relating to a fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station with a concrete flat roof. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the new energy industry and the continuous progress of related technologies, the installed capacity of new energy in China has been increasing. Among them, solar energy, as an important basic energy source among various renewable energy sources, is a product of the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry. Solar photovoltaic brackets are special brackets designed for placing, installing, and fixing solar panels in solar photovoltaic power generation systems. They are generally made of materials such as aluminum alloy, carbon steel, and stainless steel.

[0003] As solar power installations continue to increase, the price of photovoltaic modules is further decreasing, leading to a further reduction in the cost of photovoltaic construction. Rooftop photovoltaic power plants are gaining increasing attention from businesses due to their advantages such as not occupying land, low cost, and reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions, especially in coastal industrial areas where demand is even greater. However, some building rooftops were not designed with the future construction of photovoltaic power plants in mind, resulting in limited roof load-bearing capacity and failure to meet construction requirements.

[0004] In coastal areas at higher latitudes, the standard value of wind load can often reach 0.9~1.0 kN / m. 2 To improve power generation efficiency, the tilt angle of photovoltaic modules is 10~15°. Considering the headwind load, the uplift force at the photovoltaic support column can reach 2KN. Considering the safety factor of the standard, the uplift force at the column base can reach about 3.5KN. Since the expansion bolts will damage the roof waterproof and thermal insulation layer, the photovoltaic support foundation can only use concrete counterweights to resist the uplift force. If the load of the added concrete counterweights exceeds the roof's bearing capacity, the only way to meet the roof's bearing capacity requirements is to increase the spacing of the photovoltaic arrays. However, this solution will lead to a reduction in the total photovoltaic capacity and an increase in cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies and proposes a fixed structure for photovoltaic power stations on concrete flat roofs, thus solving the problem of insufficient load-bearing capacity of roofs for photovoltaic power stations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution.

[0007] A fixed structure for a photovoltaic power station on a flat concrete roof is provided. The photovoltaic power station includes multiple photovoltaic brackets arranged in a straight line at equal intervals. The two mounting ends of the photovoltaic brackets are respectively fixed to two concrete counterweights, which are fixed to the roof. A concrete parapet wall is provided on each side of the photovoltaic bracket arrangement direction, and the concrete counterweights are fixed to the roof. The two ends of the fastening cables are respectively fixed to the two concrete parapet walls, and the fastening cables are fixedly connected to all the concrete counterweights.

[0008] Furthermore, the photovoltaic support is tilted, and a tilted photovoltaic module is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the photovoltaic support; the two mounting ends of the photovoltaic support are at the same height, and the two mounting ends of the photovoltaic support are symmetrically arranged along the arrangement direction of the photovoltaic support.

[0009] Furthermore, a horizontal fixing plate is fixedly installed at the installation end of each photovoltaic bracket, and the fixing plate has two mounting holes; a first U-bolt with a U-shaped opening facing upward is fixedly installed inside the upper end face of each concrete counterweight block, and the two threaded ends of the first U-bolt protrude to the outer side of the upper end face of the concrete counterweight block, and the two threaded ends of the first U-bolt pass through the two mounting holes on the fixing plate respectively, and a fixing nut is screwed onto the outer side of the two threaded ends of the first U-bolt respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, all the concrete counterweights are arranged along the direction of the photovoltaic support structure; two concrete parapet walls are located at the edges of the roof on both sides along the direction of the photovoltaic support structure.

[0011] Furthermore, a vertical end anchor plate is fixed to the adjacent end faces of the two concrete parapet walls using multiple expansion bolts. Each end anchor plate has a fixing seat with a fixing hole. A second U-bolt is inserted into the fixing hole of each fixing seat, and the same fastening plate is inserted into the two threaded ends of the second U-bolt. Fastening nuts are screwed into the two threaded ends of the second U-bolt, connecting the fastening plate to the second U-bolt. The middle of the fastening plate is arc-shaped.

[0012] Furthermore, an anchor point is fixedly installed on the side of each concrete counterweight block. The anchor point on the middle concrete counterweight block is at the highest point, while the fastening plates on both sides are at the lowest point. The height of the anchor points on the remaining concrete counterweight blocks gradually increases from the fastening plates to the middle concrete counterweight block.

[0013] Furthermore, a third U-bolt with a downward-facing U-shaped opening is inserted into each anchor point. The two threaded ends of the third U-bolt pass through the same mounting plate, which is located below the anchor point. A mounting nut is screwed onto each of the two threaded ends of the third U-bolt. The third U-bolt is fixedly connected to the anchor point by the mounting nuts and the mounting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the two ends of the fastening cable are overlapped after passing over two fastening plates. The overlapped part is fixed by connecting bolts and connecting nuts, thereby fixing the fastening cable to the end anchor plates at both ends. The middle part of the fastening cable passes through the third U-bolt of each anchor point. The connection point between the fastening cable and the anchor rod on the central concrete counterweight block is the highest, and the height of the fastening cable gradually decreases at both ends.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0016] (1) This utility model converts the horizontal force and pull-out force of the photovoltaic bracket into the tension of the fastening cable, which can greatly reduce the weight of the concrete counterweight and save the amount of concrete used.

[0017] (2) By adding fastening cables, this utility model reduces the weight of concrete counterweights and lowers the additional load on the roof, thereby ensuring that the roof bearing capacity in windy areas meets the design requirements.

[0018] (3) In this utility model, the fastening cable is prestressed and is always in a fastened state. The fastening cable has a preload on the counterweight block, which ensures that the foundation does not detach from the roof under medium wind pressure and does not require maintenance.

[0019] (4) In windy weather, the concrete counterweight and the fastening cable of this utility model work together to resist the wind load.

[0020] (5) This utility model uses high-strength, low-relaxation prestressed steel strands to ensure that the fastening cable deforms very little when under stress, so that the counterweight block will not detach from the roof by too much distance under strong wind conditions.

[0021] (6) When the fastening cables are not prestressed, the unloading of the fastening cables after being stressed will cause them to loosen due to installation, creep and other reasons. The loosening of the fastening cables will cause the deformation of the fastening cables to exceed a certain value before they can withstand the pull-out and horizontal forces on the foundation, which will lead to excessive foundation displacement. Adding prestress to the fastening cables can eliminate this effect.

[0022] (7) If only fastening cables are used in this utility model without counterweights, the fastening cables will vibrate more in windy weather, which is not conducive to the safe operation of the components. This utility model uses prestressed fastening cables plus counterweights. The counterweights act as dampers, which can ensure that the structural system is subjected to reasonable forces and has less vibration.

[0023] (8) This utility model adopts a second U-bolt, a fastening plate, and a fastening nut. The distance between the fastening plate and the end anchor plate can be adjusted by the fastening nut, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the prestress of the fastening cable and making it convenient for later operation and maintenance.

[0024] (9) This utility model uses a third U-bolt, mounting plate and mounting nut to firmly connect the fastening cable to the anchor point on the concrete counterweight, ensuring that the fastening cable and the concrete counterweight do not slip and can better share the force. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second U-bolt, the fastening plate, and the fastening nut;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a front view of the area between the end anchor plate and the fixing seat;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a side view of the area between the end anchor plate and the fixing seat;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the anchor point, the concrete counterweight, and the fastening cable;

[0033] Among them, 1 is the roof, 2 is the photovoltaic bracket, 3 is the photovoltaic module, 4 is the concrete counterweight block, 5 is the concrete parapet wall, 6 is the fastening cable, 7 is the fixing plate, 8 is the first U-bolt, 9 is the fixing nut, 10 is the end anchor plate, 11 is the fixing seat, 12 is the second U-bolt, 13 is the fastening plate, 14 is the fastening nut, 15 is the third U-bolt, 16 is the mounting plate, 17 is the mounting nut, and 18 is the anchor point. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, this utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 7, this utility model provides a fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof. The photovoltaic power station includes multiple photovoltaic brackets 2 arranged in a straight line at equal intervals. The two mounting ends of the photovoltaic brackets 2 are respectively fixed on two concrete counterweights 4. The concrete counterweights 4 are fixed on the roof 1. A concrete parapet wall 5 is set on both sides of the photovoltaic brackets 2 in the arrangement direction. The concrete counterweights 4 are fixed on the roof 1. The two ends of the fastening cable 6 are respectively fixed on the two concrete parapet walls 5. The fastening cable 6 is fixedly connected to all the concrete counterweights 4.

[0036] The photovoltaic bracket 2 is tilted, and a tilted photovoltaic module 3 is fixedly mounted on its upper end. The two mounting ends of the photovoltaic bracket 2 are at the same height and are symmetrically arranged along the direction of the photovoltaic bracket 2's arrangement. A horizontal fixing plate 7 is fixedly mounted at each mounting end of the photovoltaic bracket 2, and the fixing plate 7 has two mounting holes. A first U-bolt 8 with an upward-facing U-shaped opening is fixedly mounted inside the upper surface of each concrete counterweight block 4. The two threaded ends of the first U-bolt 8 protrude to the outer side of the upper surface of the concrete counterweight block 4, and pass through the two mounting holes on the fixing plate 7. A fixing nut 9 is screwed onto the outer side of each threaded end of the first U-bolt 8, thereby fixing the fixing plate 7 and the concrete counterweight block 4 together, thus fixing the photovoltaic bracket 2 to the concrete counterweight block 4.

[0037] All concrete counterweights 4 are arranged along the direction of the photovoltaic support 2. Two concrete parapet walls 5 are located at the edges of the roof 1 on both sides along the direction of the photovoltaic support 2.

[0038] On the adjacent end faces of the two concrete parapet walls 5, a vertical end anchor plate 10 is fixed with multiple expansion bolts. Each end anchor plate 10 has a fixing seat 11 with a fixing hole. A second U-bolt 12 is inserted into the fixing hole of each fixing seat 11. The same fastening plate 13 is inserted into the two threaded ends of the second U-bolt 12. Fastening nuts 14 are screwed into the two threaded ends of the second U-bolt 12, connecting the fastening plate 13 to the second U-bolt 12 through the fastening nuts 14. The middle part of the fastening plate 13 is arc-shaped.

[0039] An anchor point 18 is fixedly installed on the side of each concrete counterweight block 4. The anchor point 18 on the middle concrete counterweight block 4 is at the highest point, and the fastening plates 13 on both sides are at the lowest point. The height of the anchor points 18 on the remaining concrete counterweight blocks 4 gradually increases from the fastening plates 13 to the middle concrete counterweight block 4. A third U-bolt 15 with a U-shaped opening facing downwards is inserted into each anchor point 18. The two threaded ends of the third U-bolt 15 pass through the same mounting plate 16, which is located below the anchor point 18. A mounting nut 17 is screwed onto each of the two threaded ends of the third U-bolt 15. The third U-bolt 15 is fixedly connected to the anchor point 18 by the mounting nuts 17 and the mounting plate 16.

[0040] The two ends of the fastening cable 6 are overlapped after passing over two fastening plates 13. The overlapped part is fixed by connecting bolts and connecting nuts, thereby fixing the fastening cable 6 to the end anchor plates 10 at both ends. The middle part of the fastening cable 6 passes through the third U-bolt 15 of each anchor point 18. The connection point of the fastening cable 6 with the anchor rod on the central concrete counterweight block 4 is the highest, and the height of the fastening cable 6 gradually decreases at both ends.

[0041] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0042] The photovoltaic power station on rooftop 1 bears wind loads, which are converted into horizontal and upward forces on the mounting foundation of the photovoltaic support bracket 2. Under high wind loads, the horizontal and upward forces on the mounting foundation are also high. If the mounting foundation of the photovoltaic support bracket 2 on rooftop 1 were entirely constructed using concrete counterweights 4, the additional load on rooftop 1 would be excessive, exceeding the designed bearing capacity requirements. In this invention, a prestressed fastening cable 6 is fixed to the side of each concrete counterweight 4. The prestressed fastening cable 6 is fixed to anchor points 18 on the side of the concrete counterweight 4. The height of the anchor points 18 on the concrete counterweight 4 from the rooftop 1 continuously changes, resulting in the highest height of the fastening cable 6 in the middle of the rooftop 1 and the lowest height at both ends, forming an isosceles triangular structure.

[0043] The horizontal force generated by the wind load is transmitted to the end anchor plates 10 at both ends through the fastening cable 6, and the upward force generated by the wind load is also transmitted to the end anchor plates 10 at both ends through the fastening cable 6. In this way, the concrete counterweight block 4 under the photovoltaic support 2 bears a certain horizontal force and upward force, and the excess part is borne by the fastening cable 6.

[0044] A certain amount of prestress is applied to the fastening cable 6 to ensure that the fastening cable 6 is always under tension. The prestress of the fastening cable 6 is converted into the preload of the concrete counterweight block 4. The preload provided by the fastening cable 6 and the self-weight of the concrete counterweight block 4 shall not exceed the load requirements of the roof 1. This configuration can ensure that the photovoltaic power station can withstand moderate wind pressure.

[0045] When the wind load is high, the tension provided by the fastening cable 6 will be substantial, resulting in a very large force transmitted to the end anchor plate 10. The end anchor plate 10, the second U-bolt 12, the fastening plate 13, and the fastening nut 14 are all made of high-strength steel, requiring high corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. The ends of the fastening cable 6 need to be folded into loops with sufficient overlap to ensure that the overlap length and the number of bolts connected are sufficient to withstand the tension of the fastening cable 6. The loops at both ends of the fastening cable 6 are fixedly connected to the fastening plate 13. The middle part of the fastening plate 13 has an arc-shaped structure to ensure that the connection between the fastening cable 6 and the fastening plate 13 will not slip.

[0046] Finally, after tensioning and tightening the cable 6 to the designed prestress value, the fastening nut 14 on the second U-bolt 12 is installed in place. The elongation of the cable 6 after tensioning needs to be strictly calculated to ensure that the elongation is less than the thread length of the second U-bolt nut, with a margin to allow for re-tensioning in case of prestress loss due to factors such as prestress relaxation or creep. All operations are completed on-site.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fixing structure for a concrete flat roof photovoltaic power plant, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power station includes multiple photovoltaic brackets (2) arranged in a straight line at equal intervals. The two installation ends of the photovoltaic brackets (2) are respectively fixed on two concrete counterweights (4). The concrete counterweights (4) are fixed on the roof (1). A concrete parapet wall (5) is set on both sides of the photovoltaic brackets (2) in the arrangement direction. The concrete counterweights (4) are fixed on the roof (1). The two ends of the fastening cable (6) are respectively fixed on the two concrete parapet walls (5). The fastening cable (6) is fixedly connected to all the concrete counterweights (4).

2. The fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic bracket (2) is set at an inclination, and an inclination photovoltaic module (3) is fixedly set at the upper end of the photovoltaic bracket (2); the two mounting ends of the photovoltaic bracket (2) are located at the same height, and the two mounting ends of the photovoltaic bracket (2) are symmetrically set along the arrangement direction of the photovoltaic bracket (2).

3. The fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof according to claim 2, characterized in that: A horizontal fixing plate (7) is fixedly installed at the installation end of each photovoltaic bracket (2), and two mounting holes are provided on the fixing plate (7); a first U-bolt (8) with a U-shaped opening facing upward is fixedly installed inside the upper end face of each concrete counterweight (4), and the two threaded ends of the first U-bolt (8) protrude to the outer side of the upper end face of the concrete counterweight (4), and the two threaded ends of the first U-bolt (8) pass through the two mounting holes on the fixing plate (7) respectively, and a fixing nut (9) is screwed onto the outer side of the two threaded ends of the first U-bolt (8) respectively.

4. The fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: All concrete counterweights (4) are arranged along the direction of the photovoltaic bracket (2); two concrete parapet walls (5) are located on the edges of the roof (1) along the direction of the photovoltaic bracket (2).

5. A fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical end anchor plate (10) is fixed to one of the two concrete parapet walls (5) on the side faces of each other by multiple expansion bolts. A fixing seat (11) is fixed on each end anchor plate (10), and a fixing hole is provided on the fixing seat (11). A second U-bolt (12) is inserted into the fixing hole of each fixing seat (11). The same fastening plate (13) is inserted into the two threaded ends of the second U-bolt (12). Fastening nuts (14) are screwed into the two threaded ends of the second U-bolt (12). The fastening plate (13) is connected to the second U-bolt (12) by the fastening nuts (14). The middle part of the fastening plate (13) is arc-shaped.

6. A fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof according to claim 5, characterized in that: An anchor point (18) is fixedly installed on the side of each concrete counterweight (4). The anchor point (18) on the middle concrete counterweight (4) is at the highest point, and the fastening plates (13) on both sides are at the lowest point. The height of the anchor points (18) on the remaining concrete counterweights (4) gradually increases from the fastening plates (13) to the middle concrete counterweight (4).

7. A fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third U-bolt (15) with a U-shaped opening facing downwards is inserted into each anchor point (18). The two threaded ends of the third U-bolt (15) pass through the same mounting plate (16), which is located below the anchor point (18). A mounting nut (17) is screwed onto each of the two threaded ends of the third U-bolt (15). The third U-bolt (15) is fixedly connected to the anchor point (18) by the mounting nuts (17) and the mounting plate (16).

8. A fixing structure for a photovoltaic power station on a concrete flat roof according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two ends of the fastening cable (6) are overlapped after passing over two fastening plates (13). The overlapped part is fixed by connecting bolts and connecting nuts, thereby fixing the fastening cable (6) to the end anchor plates (10) at both ends. The middle part of the fastening cable (6) passes through the third U-bolt (15) of each anchor point (18). The connection between the fastening cable (6) and the anchor rod on the middle concrete counterweight block (4) is the highest. The height of the two ends of the fastening cable (6) gradually decreases.

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