A waste incinerator

Abstract

This utility model patent discloses a waste incinerator, including a waste feed hopper, a combustion chamber, and a slag pit. The combustion chamber is equipped with multiple fixed grates and sliding grate assemblies. The fixed grates are stepped, and the sliding grate assembly includes a base connecting two adjacent fixed grates, and a sliding grate that moves back and forth on the base via a sliding push rod. This loosens and turns the waste, pushing it to the next level of fixed grate for efficient waste incineration. This utility model patent has advantages such as simple structure, low cost, large waste processing capacity, and high combustion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model patent mainly relates to the field of waste incineration technology, specifically a waste incinerator. Background Technology

[0002] Waste is a pollutant generated by human production activities. Large quantities of waste pose a significant threat to the environment, primarily by encroaching on land, polluting the atmosphere, soil, and water, and the damage is difficult to reverse. Current urban waste management requires substantial funding. Currently, various incinerator structures are used to address urban waste, with reciprocating grate incinerators being the most commonly used in engineering. However, reciprocating grate incinerators suffer from complex structures, high overall investment costs, numerous moving grates, and are prone to wear and tear during operation, resulting in a high maintenance rate. Furthermore, existing technologies have not effectively addressed issues such as waste clumping, uneven heating, and low thermal efficiency during waste incineration. How to effectively improve the thermal efficiency of waste incinerators, increase the power generation per ton of waste, and reduce system maintenance costs are urgent technical problems that need to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, this utility model patent provides a waste incinerator with simple structure, low cost, large waste processing capacity and high combustion efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model patent adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A waste incinerator includes a waste feed hopper, a combustion chamber, and a slag pit. The combustion chamber is equipped with multiple fixed grates and sliding grate assemblies. The fixed grates are stepped. The sliding grate assemblies are equipped with sliding grates, sliding push rods, and bases connecting two adjacent fixed grates. The sliding push rods loosen and agitate the waste by pushing the sliding grates back and forth on the bases, and push the waste to the next level of fixed grate, thereby achieving efficient waste incineration.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: the sliding grate is provided with a plurality of first air blowing holes, and the compressed air introduced into the inner cavity of the sliding push rod can be ejected through the first air blowing holes.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: the sliding grate assembly also includes a drive mechanism, wherein the drive mechanism drives the sliding push rod and the sliding grate to move in any one of the following ways: upward pull, downward push, or base bottom push.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: the sliding grate can be any one of the following shapes: cuboid, trapezoid, arc shovel, or cube.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: multiple first cooling pipes are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed grate.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: multiple second cooling pipes are arranged on the inner wall of the sliding grate assembly.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: the fixed grate is provided with at least one first air box, and the outer wall of the fixed grate is also provided with multiple second air blowing holes. External compressed air enters the first air box through the first air vent and is sprayed out into the combustion chamber through the second air blowing holes.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: the sliding grate assembly is provided with one or more second air boxes, and external compressed air enters the second air box through the second vent and is sprayed out into the combustion chamber through the third air blowing hole.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: the included angle between adjacent fixed grate and sliding grate assemblies is 90° to 170°.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: a pushing component is provided near the garbage hopper.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: a slag pushing component is provided near the slag pit, and the slag pushing component reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the combusted slag into the slag pit.

[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model patent: the incineration chamber is also provided with a flue gas emission port.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model patent are as follows:

[0018] 1. The waste incinerator of this utility model has a simple overall structure. The fixed grate is arranged in a stepped manner, and the sliding grate assembly is arranged alternately with the fixed grate. Adjacent fixed grates are connected by a base. In the initial stage of waste falling, the waste is pushed from the feed hopper onto the fixed grate by the pushing assembly and gradually accumulates on the sliding grate assembly. When the waste accumulates into clumps on the fixed grate and sliding grate assembly, the sliding grate on the sliding grate assembly can move back and forth on the base to loosen and turn the waste, which helps to fully burn the waste and effectively prevents waste bridging. The stepped arrangement of the fixed and sliding grates... The component creates an independent and controllable combustion space, which effectively extends the residence time of waste in the high-temperature zone compared to traditional grate structures. It is especially suitable for the combustion treatment of high-calorific-value solid waste that requires longer combustion. Through the reciprocating motion of the sliding grate on the sliding grate component, the waste located at the end of the previous fixed grate can be pushed to the next fixed grate. During the pushing process, gaps are formed, and the waste on the fixed grate gradually moves downward or rolls under the action of grate slope and gravity, avoiding the problem of incomplete combustion caused by waste accumulation. This can improve the thermal efficiency of waste combustion, increase the power generation per ton of waste, and reduce system maintenance costs.

[0019] 2. The waste incinerator of this utility model features a first air blowing hole on the sliding grate. Compressed air from the outside can enter the sliding grate through the inner cavity of the sliding pusher and then be forcefully ejected from the first air blowing hole. The high-pressure airflow can effectively treat the waste accumulated in the dead corners of the incinerator, blowing, scattering, and even turning the waste over. Through the design of the air blowing hole, the waste can fall and move step by step between the grates and be fully and evenly turned over, ensuring that the waste burns more completely during the incineration process, greatly improving the efficiency and quality of waste incineration.

[0020] 3. Compared to traditional reciprocating grates, the waste incinerator of this invention allows the first cooling pipe to be arranged more closely to the inner wall of the fixed grate, and multiple second cooling pipes to be arranged on the inner wall of the sliding grate assembly, thereby significantly increasing the cooling effect. Simultaneously, because the grate has no gaps, less ash falls onto the surface of the cooling pipes, reducing maintenance work. By maintaining uniform grate temperature, it avoids the "coking" or "bridging" of waste caused by localized overheating, making the drying, pyrolysis, and combustion stages of waste on the grate more continuous. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waste incinerator of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding pusher and sliding grate of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3This is a diagram showing the state of the sliding push rod assembly of this utility model when it moves in a push-type manner.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the state of the sliding push rod assembly of this utility model when it moves in a base-pushing manner.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the state of the sliding push rod assembly of this utility model when it moves in a pulling manner.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed grate with cooling pipes according to this utility model.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding grate assembly structure and the arrangement of cooling pipes of this utility model.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. Feed hopper; 2. Incineration chamber; 3. Slag pit; 4. Fixed grate; 41. Second air blowing hole; 5. Sliding grate assembly; 51. Sliding grate; 52. Sliding push rod; 53. Base; 54. Third air blowing hole; 511. First air blowing hole; 7. Pushing assembly; 8. Slag pushing assembly; 9. Flue gas outlet; 10. First cooling pipe; 11. First vent; 12. First air box; 13. Second air box; 14. Second vent; 15. Second cooling pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present utility model patent will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present utility model patent.

[0031] In the description of this utility model patent, it should be understood that the terms "side", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model patent.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model patent, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] The present utility model patent will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a waste incinerator, including a waste feed hopper 1, a combustion chamber 2, and a slag pit 3. The combustion chamber 2 is provided with multiple fixed grates 4 and sliding grate assemblies 5. The fixed grates 4 are stepped. The sliding grate assembly 5 is provided with a sliding grate 51, a sliding push rod 52, and a base 53 connecting two adjacent fixed grates 4. The sliding push rod 52 pushes the sliding grate 51 to move back and forth on the base 53 to loosen and stir the waste, and pushes the waste to the next level of fixed grate 4 to achieve the step-by-step incineration of waste.

[0036] The waste incinerator in this embodiment has a simple overall structure. The fixed grate 4 is arranged in a stepped manner, and the sliding grate assembly 5 is arranged at intervals with the fixed grate 4 and connected to adjacent fixed grates 4 via a base 53. In the initial stage of waste falling, waste is pushed from the feed hopper 1 onto the fixed grate 4 by the pushing assembly 7 and gradually accumulates on the sliding grate assembly 5. When the waste accumulates into clumps on the fixed grate 4 and the sliding grate assembly 5, the sliding grate 51 on the sliding grate assembly 5 can move back and forth on the base 53 to loosen and turn the waste, which helps to fully burn the waste and also effectively prevents waste bridging. The stepped arrangement of the fixed grate 4 and the sliding grate assembly 5... The moving grate assembly 5 creates an independent and controllable combustion space, which effectively extends the residence time of waste in the high-temperature zone compared to traditional grate structures. It is especially suitable for the combustion treatment of high-calorific-value solid waste that requires longer combustion. Through the reciprocating motion of the sliding grate 51 on the sliding grate assembly 5, the waste located at the end of the previous fixed grate 4 can be pushed to the next fixed grate 4. During the pushing process, gaps are formed, and the waste on the fixed grate 4 gradually moves downward or rolls under the action of grate slope and gravity, avoiding the problem of incomplete combustion caused by waste accumulation. This can improve the thermal efficiency of waste combustion, increase the power generation per ton of waste, and reduce system maintenance costs.

[0037] In this embodiment, the sliding grate assembly 5 also includes a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism drives the sliding push rod 52 and the sliding grate 51 to reciprocate, continuously pushing the garbage that has accumulated on the fixed grate 4 and the sliding grate assembly 5 to burn. The sliding grate 51 is provided with multiple first air blowing holes 511, which are connected to the inner cavity of the sliding push rod 52. Compressed air entering the inner cavity of the sliding push rod 52 is ejected through the first air blowing holes 511 to prevent garbage from accumulating in dead corners. External compressed air can pass through the inner cavity of the sliding push rod 52 and then be forcefully ejected from the first air blowing holes 511. The high-pressure airflow can effectively treat the garbage accumulated in the dead corners of the incinerator, blowing, scattering, and even turning the garbage over. The design of the first air blowing holes 511 enhances the loosening effect of the garbage between the grates, ensuring that the garbage burns more completely during the incineration process, thus improving the efficiency and quality of garbage incineration.

[0038] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism moves the sliding push rod 52 and the sliding grate 51 in any one of the following ways: upward pull, downward push, or base bottom push. The upward pull method means the driving mechanism is positioned above the sliding grate assembly 5, driving the sliding push rod 52 to pull upwards and move the sliding grate 51. The downward push method means the driving mechanism is positioned below the sliding grate assembly 5, driving the sliding push rod 52 to slide the sliding grate 51 upwards. The base bottom push method means the driving mechanism is positioned on the bottom surface of the base of the sliding grate assembly 5, driving the sliding push rod 52 to slide the sliding grate 51 up and down.

[0039] In this embodiment, the sliding grate 51 can be any one of the following shapes: cuboid, trapezoid, arc shovel, or cube.

[0040] like Figures 6 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple first cooling pipes 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed grate 4, and at least one first air box 12 is provided on the fixed grate 4. Multiple second air blowing holes 41 are also provided on the outer wall of the fixed grate 4. External compressed air enters the first air box 12 through the first vent 11 and is ejected into the combustion chamber 2 through the second air blowing holes 41. The sliding grate assembly 5 is provided with one or more second air boxes 13. External compressed air enters the second air box 13 through the second vent 14 and is ejected from the third air blowing hole 54. By agitating the waste through air blowing and providing oxygen for waste incineration, the complete combustion of waste is facilitated, improving the waste combustion efficiency.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first cooling pipe 10 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the fixed grate 4. By introducing a cooling medium into the first cooling pipe 10, the grate can be cooled down quickly, which is suitable for solid waste with high combustion temperature. The first cooling pipe 10 can prevent the grate metal from deforming or melting due to overheating, effectively extending the service life of the grate. The first cooling pipe 10 maintains the uniformity of grate temperature, avoiding the phenomenon of "coking" or "bridging" of waste caused by local overheating, making the drying, pyrolysis and combustion stages of waste on the grate more continuous. The heat absorbed by the cooling water can be used to preheat the combustion air or boiler feedwater, realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat.

[0042] In this embodiment, the included angle between adjacent fixed grate 4 and sliding grate assembly 5 is 90° to 170°, and the included angle between fixed grate 4 and sliding grate assembly 5 can be adjusted according to actual usage.

[0043] In this embodiment, a pushing component 7 is provided near the waste inlet hopper 1. The pushing component 7 can push the waste into the incineration chamber 2 in a timely manner, preventing the waste from accumulating at the inlet hopper 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, a slag pushing component 8 is provided near the slag pit 3. The slag pushing component 8 reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the combusted slag into the slag pit 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, the incineration chamber 2 is also provided with a flue gas discharge port 9. High-temperature flue gas containing combustible gas can be sent into the secondary combustion chamber through the flue gas discharge port 9 for secondary combustion to generate electricity or be purified and used as fuel, which can effectively reduce the residual substances in the flue gas and is more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.

[0046] In this embodiment, multiple second cooling pipes 15 are arranged on the inner wall of the sliding grate assembly 5. During the solid waste combustion process, cooling water continuously flows in the first cooling pipe 10 and the second cooling pipe 15 to control the temperature of the grate. It is also connected to an external air source through the first air box 12 and the second air box 13. Compressed air is blown into the combustion chamber 2 through the second air blowing hole 41 on the fixed grate 4 and the first air blowing hole 511 on the sliding grate assembly 5 to agitate the waste by air blowing, thereby achieving efficient waste incineration.

[0047] Working principle: When waste enters the incineration chamber 2 from the waste feed hopper 1, it is pushed onto the stepped fixed grate 4 and sliding grate assembly 5 by the pushing component 7. In the initial stage of waste falling, the waste from the feed hopper 1 is pushed onto the fixed grate 4 by the pushing component 7 and gradually piled up on the sliding grate assembly 5. When the waste accumulates into clumps on the fixed grate 4 and sliding grate assembly 5, the sliding grate 51 on the sliding grate assembly 5 can move back and forth to loosen and turn the waste, which helps to fully burn the waste and also effectively prevents waste bridging. The stepped arrangement of the fixed grate 4 and sliding grate assembly 5 constructs... With an independent and controllable combustion space, compared to traditional grate structures, it effectively extends the residence time of waste in the high-temperature zone; it is especially suitable for the combustion treatment of high-calorific-value solid waste that requires longer combustion; through the reciprocating motion of the sliding grate 51 on the sliding grate assembly 5, the waste located at the end of the previous fixed grate 4 can also be pushed to the next fixed grate 4. During the pushing process, gaps are formed, and the waste on the fixed grate 4 gradually moves downward or rolls under the action of grate slope and gravity, avoiding the problem of incomplete combustion caused by waste accumulation, which can improve the thermal efficiency of waste combustion, increase the power generation per ton of waste, and reduce system maintenance costs.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the base 53 connecting the two fixed grates 4 can move up and down in this embodiment. In the initial stage of garbage falling, the position of the base 53 is lower than the two adjacent fixed grates 4. When the garbage accumulates into a clump, the base 53 can move upward. During the upward movement of the base 53, the accumulated garbage is loosened and a gap is formed, which helps the garbage to burn completely and can also effectively prevent garbage bridging.

[0050] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model patent. The scope of protection of this utility model patent is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model patent concept are within the scope of protection of this utility model patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model patent should be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model patent.

Claims

1. A waste incinerator, characterized in that, It includes a waste feeding hopper (1), an incineration chamber (2) and a slag pit (3). The incineration chamber (2) is equipped with multiple fixed grates (4) and sliding grate assemblies (5). The fixed grates (4) are stepped. The sliding grate assembly (5) is equipped with a sliding grate (51) and a sliding push rod (52) and a base (53) connecting two adjacent fixed grates (4). The sliding push rod (52) pushes the sliding grate (51) back and forth on the base (53) to loosen and stir the waste, and pushes the waste to the next level of fixed grate (4) to achieve efficient incineration of waste.

2. The waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding grate (51) is provided with a plurality of first air blowing holes (511), and compressed air that enters the inner cavity of the sliding push rod (52) is ejected through the first air blowing holes (511).

3. The waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding grate assembly (5) also includes a drive mechanism, which drives the sliding push rod (52) and the sliding grate (51) to move in any one of the following ways: pull-up, push-down, or base push-down.

4. The waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding grate (51) can be any one of the following shapes: cuboid, trapezoid, arc shovel, or cube.

5. The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Multiple first cooling pipes (10) are arranged on the inner wall of the fixed grate (4).

6. The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The sliding grate assembly (5) has multiple second cooling pipes (15) arranged on its inner wall.

7. The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, At least one first air box (12) is provided on the fixed grate (4), and multiple second air blowing holes (41) are also provided on the outer wall of the fixed grate (4). External compressed air enters the first air box (12) through the first air vent (11) and is sprayed out through the second air blowing holes (41) into the combustion chamber (2).

8. The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The sliding grate assembly (5) is provided with one or more second air boxes (13). External compressed air enters the second air box (13) through the second vent (14) and is sprayed out into the combustion chamber (2) through the third air blowing hole (54).

9. The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The included angle between adjacent fixed grates (4) and sliding grate assemblies (5) is 90° to 170°.

10. The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A pusher assembly (7) is provided near the waste hopper (1).

11. The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A slag pushing component (8) is provided near the slag pit (3). The slag pushing component (8) reciprocates in the horizontal direction to push the combusted slag into the slag pit (3).

12. The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The incineration chamber (2) is also provided with a flue gas discharge port (9).

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