Controller and air conditioner

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of air conditioning technology, and more specifically, to a controller and an air conditioner, comprising: a controller housing; a main control board disposed within the controller housing, the main control board including: a power supply line and a corresponding power ground line; a signal line and a corresponding signal ground line; at least one pair of discharge teeth, the pair including a first discharge tooth and a second discharge tooth; wherein the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth include: a connecting portion configured to be electrically connected to the corresponding line of the main control board; a tip discharge portion extending from the connecting portion; wherein the tip discharge portion of the first discharge tooth and the tip discharge portion of the second discharge tooth are arranged opposite each other at a preset distance, the connecting portion of the first discharge tooth is electrically connected to the signal line or the signal ground line, and the connecting portion of the first and second discharge teeth is electrically connected to the power supply line or the power ground line, for discharging static charge to the ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air conditioning technology, and more specifically, to a controller and an air conditioner. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the development of intelligent air conditioners, the increased integration of their main control boards has exacerbated the challenges of electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection. ESD can infiltrate through user contact or environmental induction, easily damaging sensitive components such as the MCU along low-impedance paths.

[0003] Traditional solutions rely on external components such as TVS diodes and varistors, which have the following drawbacks: additional electronic components increase material costs, high-density main control boards are difficult to lay out, and ESD current may take unexpected paths, leading to protection failure. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model solves, to at least a certain extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, this application aims to provide a controller and an air conditioner, which constructs a cross-regional electrostatic discharge channel by setting at least one discharge tooth on the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the controller's main control board, thereby realizing the directional conduction of electrostatic charge.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a controller, comprising:

[0007] Controller housing;

[0008] The main control board, located inside the controller housing, includes:

[0009] Power lines and corresponding power ground lines;

[0010] Signal lines and corresponding signal ground lines;

[0011] At least one pair of discharge teeth, the pair of discharge teeth including a first discharge tooth and a second discharge tooth; the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth include:

[0012] The connection part is configured to be electrically connected to the corresponding line of the main control board;

[0013] A tip discharge section extends from the connecting section;

[0014] The first discharge tooth has its tip discharge portion and the second discharge tooth have their tip discharge portions positioned opposite each other at a preset distance. The connecting portion of the first discharge tooth is electrically connected to the signal line or the signal ground line, and the connecting portion of the second discharge tooth is electrically connected to the power line or the power ground line, for discharging electrostatic charge to the ground.

[0015] In the technical solution, to address the increased cost and uncontrollable discharge path issues caused by external components in the electrostatic protection of the air conditioner main control board, a directional discharge channel is constructed by setting up discharge tooth pairs on the high-voltage and low-voltage sides: the first discharge tooth connects to the signal line or signal ground line as the charge entry point on the low-voltage side, and the second discharge tooth connects to the power line or power ground line to form the anchor point on the high-voltage side. The preset spacing between the tip discharge parts forms a unique breakdown point, forcing the electrostatic charge to be discharged to the ground along the preset path, avoiding sensitive circuit areas, and realizing the directional conduction and reliable discharge of electrostatic energy.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, a discharge gap is provided between the tip discharge portion of the first discharge tooth and the tip discharge portion of the second discharge tooth. The upper limit of the discharge gap is set as the safety insulation distance corresponding to the power supply voltage level of the controller, and the lower limit of the discharge gap is set as the minimum electrical clearance between the power line and the signal line on the main control board.

[0017] In the technical solution, the upper limit of the discharge distance is set according to the safety insulation distance of the controller's power supply voltage level to ensure safety protection, while the lower limit is taken as the minimum electrical clearance between the power line and the signal line on the main control board to adapt to space constraints, so as to reliably discharge static charge while avoiding the risk of unexpected discharge.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, the discharge teeth are arranged at a preset safe distance in an area not adjacent to the protected circuit.

[0019] In the technical solution, the discharge teeth are independently arranged in areas not adjacent to the protected circuit at a preset safe distance. Through physical isolation, electromagnetic coupling and arc scattering during the electrostatic discharge process are blocked, thus avoiding the risk of secondary interference to the protected circuit.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, the lengths of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth from the connecting portion to the end of the tip discharge portion are set to any value between 4mm and 8mm.

[0021] In the technical solution, the length of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth from the connection part to the end of the tip discharge part is limited to a closed range of 4mm to 8mm. By optimizing the extension scale of the discharge tooth, the electric field concentration effect and the space constraint of the main control board are balanced, ensuring efficient charge conduction while avoiding excessive occupation of the wiring area.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the width of the connection between the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth is set to any value between 1mm and 2mm.

[0023] In the technical solution, the width of the connection between the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth is limited to a closed range of 1mm to 2mm. By matching the carrying requirements of electrostatic discharge current with the space constraints of the main control board, the efficient conduction of charge is ensured while avoiding excessive occupation of the wiring area.

[0024] In some embodiments of this application, the discharge tooth pairs are configured as multiple pairs, and the spacing between adjacent discharge tooth pairs is set to any value between 0.25mm and 0.75mm.

[0025] In the technical solution, multiple pairs of discharge teeth are arranged side by side with a spacing of 0.25mm to 0.75mm. The electrostatic energy is dispersed and concentrated through discrete discharge channels to suppress the single-point arc merging effect, while maintaining a compact layout to adapt to the space constraints of high-density main control boards.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, the tip angle of the discharge portion of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth is set to any value between 25° and 45°.

[0027] In the technical solution, the tip angle of the discharge portion of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth is limited to a closed range of 25° to 45° to avoid the weakening of the electric field concentration effect and the reduction of discharge efficiency due to the excessively large tip discharge portion angle. At the same time, it avoids the degradation of the processing technology caused by excessively sharp angles and avoids the decrease in the yield of laser etching process during circuit board production.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, the surfaces of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth are not covered with a solder resist layer or a conformal coating.

[0029] In the technical solution, the surfaces of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth are kept in an exposed state without the solder resist layer and the three-proof coating. By eliminating the dielectric insulation barrier, the high-efficiency electron escape capability of the tip discharge part is ensured, the risk of breakdown voltage rise and charge accumulation caused by the coating is avoided, and the electrostatic charge is stably discharged along the preset gap.

[0030] In some embodiments of this application, the tin layer of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth is set to a preset thickness.

[0031] In the technical solution, the tin layer of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth is configured with a preset thickness. By thickening the tin layer, the electron escape efficiency of the tip discharge part is enhanced to improve the electrostatic discharge effect, while ensuring the bonding strength between the tin layer and the copper base to avoid the risk of metal peeling caused by repeated discharge.

[0032] In addition, this application also provides an air conditioner, comprising:

[0033] chassis;

[0034] As described above, the controller is located inside the housing.

[0035] In the above embodiments, the discharge teeth on the main control board of the controller are used to construct a directional discharge channel across strong and weak current zones. This allows the electrostatic charge generated by user operation or environmental sensing to be guided to the ground along a preset path, solving the problem of abnormal air conditioning function and damage to electronic components caused by electrostatic intrusion. This improves the reliability of the air conditioner's main control board and enhances the air conditioner's anti-static level. At the same time, it eliminates the cost burden and space occupation of external protective devices, and fixes the electrostatic discharge path to avoid problems such as MCU reset that affect the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the air discharge electrode structure of an electrostatic gun according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrostatic gun contact discharge electrode structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the controller according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first arrangement of the discharge teeth according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second arrangement of the discharge teeth according to the embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third arrangement of the discharge teeth according to the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth arrangement of the discharge teeth according to the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge tooth pair structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of multiple sets of discharge tooth pairs according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an air conditioner structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0046] In the above figures:

[0047] 1. Controller; 2. Main control board; 31. Power supply line; 32. Power ground line; 33. Signal line; 34. Signal ground line; 35. First discharge tooth; 36. Second discharge tooth; 4. Air conditioner. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "level," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] In the following, embodiments of this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] During air conditioner use, static electricity is usually generated when users directly or indirectly contact the casing, causing accumulated charge to be conducted to the air conditioner and then to the main control board or other voltage-sensitive components along the path of least impedance. Common scenarios include wiping the indoor unit of the air conditioner with a non-anti-static cloth when the air conditioner is in standby mode, the charge accumulated on the air conditioner during production line friction acting directly on the casing, and employees directly touching the main control board and other voltage-sensitive components during production. In the above scenarios, static electricity problems caused by production line production can be solved by anti-static wrist straps, ionizers, and other static electricity protection equipment. However, static electricity problems generated in users' homes can still cause air conditioner malfunctions, requiring optimization of the equipment's own protection design to address this issue.

[0053] like Figure 1-2As shown, the current method for testing electrostatic discharge immunity is usually to use an electrostatic gun to discharge the equipment, which is divided into air discharge and contact discharge to simulate the actual electrostatic scenario. Under normal circumstances, the equipment needs to meet the requirements of 10kV air discharge and 6kV contact discharge during operation. In the standby state of the equipment, it needs to meet the requirements of 15kV air discharge and 10kV contact discharge to find the weak points of the equipment for electrostatic testing.

[0054] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the current standard method for testing the electrostatic immunity of air conditioners is to use an electrostatic gun to simulate actual electrostatic scenarios, which are mainly divided into two categories: air discharge and contact discharge.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, air discharge is performed by maintaining a certain distance between the electrostatic gun electrode and the equipment surface to simulate electrostatic discharge when the human body is not in direct contact with the equipment, testing the immunity to charge breakdown through the air gap. The air discharge electrode is typically an 8mm round-headed metal electrode. Under operating conditions, it must meet the 10kV immunity requirement for air discharge; in standby mode, the immunity standard is increased to 15kV.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, contact discharge involves directly contacting the electrostatic discharge gun electrodes with the metal parts of the equipment to simulate the electrostatic discharge that occurs when the human body touches the surface directly, testing the immunity to direct charge conduction through a conductor. Contact discharge electrodes are typically sharp metal cones with a diameter of 12mm, and their tip angle is usually configured to any value between 25° and 45°. During equipment operation, the electrode must withstand a contact discharge voltage of 6kV, and during standby, it must withstand 10kV.

[0057] The aforementioned electrostatic discharge (ESD) test focuses on the equipment's internal circuitry's protection against direct ESD shocks. It can accurately pinpoint weak points such as the main control board and interfaces, providing data support for optimizing ESD discharge paths. Combining these two testing methods allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the air conditioner's ESD protection reliability under different scenarios.

[0058] As attached Figure 3 As shown, in one illustrative embodiment of the controller 1 of this utility model, the controller 1 includes a controller housing for encapsulating and securing internal components.

[0059] The controller 1 includes a main control board 2, which is located inside the controller housing. The main control board 2 has power lines 31, power ground lines 32, signal lines 33 and signal ground lines 34 integrated on its surface.

[0060] Power line 31 is a high-voltage line used to transmit the working power of controller 1, powering high-voltage components such as drive modules and relays, and has a strong current carrying capacity.

[0061] The power ground line 32 serves as the reference potential for the high-voltage circuit and is usually connected to the controller housing or external ground to form a low-impedance discharge path.

[0062] Signal line 33 is a low-voltage line used to transmit control signals, such as MCU instructions and sensor data. It has a low voltage level, weak current, and is sensitive to electromagnetic interference.

[0063] Signal ground line 34 provides a reference potential for weak electrical signals. It is usually connected to the power ground through a single-point grounding or inductor / capacitor filtering to avoid strong electrical noise coupling to the weak electrical system.

[0064] Typically, the main control board 2 isolates the high-voltage lines (power lines 31 and power ground lines 32) from the low-voltage lines (signal lines 33 and signal ground lines 34) through physical partitioning, thereby reducing the interference of high-voltage noise on low-voltage signals.

[0065] The main control board 2 is also provided with at least one set of discharge tooth pairs. Each set of discharge tooth pairs includes a first discharge tooth 35 and a second discharge tooth 36. The first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 have the same structure, both including a connecting part and a tip discharge part.

[0066] In each pair of discharge teeth, the connecting part of the first discharge tooth 35 is electrically connected to the signal line 33 or the signal ground line 34 to form a charge anchor point on the high-voltage side; the connecting part of the second discharge tooth 36 is electrically connected to the power line 31 or the power ground line 32 to serve as a charge inlet on the low-voltage side.

[0067] The tip discharge portions of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 are arranged opposite each other at a preset distance. By utilizing the concentrated effect of the tip electric field, a unique breakdown point is formed when electrostatic intrusion occurs. This forces the electrostatic charge to be discharged to the ground along a preset path from the weak current side entrance to the discharge gap and then to the strong current side grounding. This avoids the charge flowing through the area where sensitive components such as the MCU are located, thus achieving directional guidance and reliable discharge of electrostatic energy.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figures 4-7 As shown, the following are some ways in which the discharge teeth can be set on the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the first configuration of the discharge tooth pair. The first discharge tooth 35 of the discharge tooth pair is electrically connected to the power ground line 32 and the signal ground line 34 via a connecting part, and the second discharge tooth 36 is electrically connected to the power ground line 32 via a connecting part. The discharge tips of the two are arranged opposite each other with a preset distance. Static charge is introduced from the signal ground line 34 through the first discharge tooth 35, crosses the discharge gap, and enters the power ground line 32 connected to the second discharge tooth 36, and is finally discharged to the ground through the grounding terminal of the equipment casing. By balancing the potential of the two grounds, the transient voltage difference between the signal ground and the power ground is eliminated, ground bounce noise is suppressed, and a low-impedance cross-ground discharge path is provided to avoid logic errors caused by common-mode interference.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second configuration of the discharge tooth pair. The first discharge tooth 35 of the discharge tooth pair is electrically connected to the signal line 33 via a connecting part, and the second discharge tooth 36 is electrically connected to the power ground line 32 via a connecting part. The discharge tips of the two are positioned opposite each other at a preset distance. Static charge is guided from the interfered signal line through the tip gap of the first discharge tooth 35, and after breakdown, flows into the power ground line 32 anchored by the second discharge tooth 36, directly connecting to the device grounding system and being introduced into the ground. By constructing a directional path from the high-impedance signal side to the low-impedance power ground, the ultra-low impedance characteristics of the power ground network are used to accelerate charge dissipation and prevent charge diffusion to sensitive devices such as the MCU.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third configuration of the discharge tooth pair. The first discharge tooth 35 of the discharge tooth pair is electrically connected to the signal ground line 34 via a connecting part, and the second discharge tooth 36 is electrically connected to the power supply line 31 via a connecting part. The discharge tips of the two are set opposite each other at a preset distance. Static charge is led from the signal ground line 34 through the first discharge tooth 35 to the tip, and after breaking down the gap, it is injected into the power supply line 31 connected to the second discharge tooth 36. Then, it is coupled to the power supply ground through the Y capacitor of the switching power supply and discharged to the ground. The charge is temporarily stored through the floating potential of the power line, and the energy transfer from the signal ground to the power supply ground is completed by relying on the high-frequency path of the Y capacitor, realizing the cross-regional conduction of charge.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the second configuration of the discharge tooth pair. The first discharge tooth 35 of the discharge tooth pair is electrically connected to the signal line 33 via a connecting part, and the second discharge tooth 36 is electrically connected to the power line 31 via a connecting part. The discharge tips of the two are positioned opposite each other at a preset distance. Static charge is injected into the power line 31 from the signal line via the first discharge tooth 35 across the gap, and then transferred to the power ground network through the Y capacitor, and finally conducted to the ground through the grounding system. The electrostatic discharge protection principle is: the static electricity of the signal line is forcibly transferred to the power line by utilizing the tip gap, and the charge conversion and discharge are completed by the inherent Y capacitor of the power system, but it depends on the reliability of the capacitor and the grounding system.

[0073] It should be noted that the attached diagram is a simplified schematic diagram. The actual layout needs to be adapted to the wiring constraints of the main control board 2, but this utility model is not limited to this.

[0074] In some embodiments, a discharge gap a is provided between the tip discharge portion of the first discharge tooth 35 and the tip discharge portion of the second discharge tooth 36. The discharge gap a, as a physical gap between the tip discharge portions, plays a key role in constructing a controlled breakdown channel: by precisely constraining the spacing scale to form a critical point of electric field strength, electrostatic charges are forced to cross the air medium and undergo directional breakdown, transforming random arc discharge into a controllable conduction along a preset path; at the same time, this gap constitutes a dynamic insulation barrier between high and low potentials, blocking leakage current paths under normal conditions to ensure circuit safety, and triggering instantaneous conduction only when electrostatic overvoltage occurs, achieving a balance between protection reliability and system safety.

[0075] The upper limit of the discharge gap 'a' is set as the safe insulation distance for the power supply voltage level of controller 1. This distance is determined according to electrical safety standards to ensure that the discharge gap of the discharge tooth pair will not be broken down by the electric field strength generated by the power supply voltage when controller 1 is working normally, thereby avoiding unexpected conduction between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side and ensuring the electrical safety of the equipment operation.

[0076] The lower limit of the discharge gap 'a' is set as the minimum electrical clearance between the power line and signal line on the main control board 2. This clearance must meet the basic insulation requirements of the wiring on the main control board 2 to prevent creepage or breakdown during normal operation due to excessively small spacing between the discharge teeth. At the same time, it ensures that during electrostatic discharge, the tip gap is broken down preferentially over the path between the power line and signal line, allowing the electrostatic charge to be discharged along the preset discharge tooth channel, rather than through the natural gap between the lines, thereby achieving controllability of the charge discharge path.

[0077] In some embodiments, the discharge teeth are arranged at a preset safe distance in an area not adjacent to the protected circuit.

[0078] In some embodiments, the discharge teeth are arranged at a preset safe distance in areas not adjacent to the protected circuit, thereby optimizing electrostatic discharge protection performance through a physical isolation strategy. Specifically, this arrangement places the discharge teeth independently at the edge of the main control board 2 or at the boundary between strong and weak current zones, maintaining a distance of at least 5 mm from electrostatic sensitive electronic components and circuits such as the MCU and sensor interfaces. This distance can be adjusted according to circuit density and protection requirements.

[0079] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the length of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 from the connecting part to the end of the tip discharge part is b, which is set to any value between 4mm and 8mm.

[0080] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 from the connecting portion to the end of the tip discharge portion are set to be greater than 4 mm. When the length is greater than 4 mm, the electric field concentration effect of the tip discharge portion can be effectively improved. The longer extension length allows the charge to form a more significant electric field gradient when conducted to the tip, shortening the energy accumulation time required for electrostatic breakdown, thereby improving the discharge efficiency. Taking a length of 5 mm as an example, this size ensures the electric field strength while adapting to the wiring space of most main control boards 2, avoiding insufficient electric field strength due to excessively short length.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the lengths of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 from the connecting portion to the end of the tip discharge portion are set to be less than 8 mm. When the length is less than 8 mm, it can avoid excessive occupation of the limited wiring area of ​​the main control board 2. In the high-density main control board 2, excessively long discharge teeth may cause spatial conflicts with surrounding circuits, affecting the layout of other components. Taking 5 mm as an example, this length performs well in balancing electric field effects and spatial constraints. It can form an effective electric field through sufficient extension distance, and multiple sets of discharge tooth pairs can be arranged side by side on the main control board 2 to meet the requirements of discrete discharge.

[0082] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the width of the connection between the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 is c, which is set to any value between 1mm and 2mm.

[0083] In some embodiments, the width of the connection between the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 is set to be greater than 1 mm. When the width is greater than 1 mm, the current carrying capacity of the connection can be improved: the wider copper foil cross-sectional area can reduce the impedance during electrostatic discharge and prevent the connection from being burned or broken due to the Joule heating effect when a large current passes through. Taking a width of 1.5 mm as an example, its cross-sectional area is increased by 50% compared to a width of 1 mm, which can stably carry the transient current generated by 8 kV contact discharge, while meeting the minimum process requirements of the main control board 2 wiring for copper foil width. Typically, the minimum line width capability of PCB factories is 0.1 mm or more.

[0084] In some embodiments, the width of the connector is set to less than 2 mm. When the width is less than 2 mm, the space utilization of the main control board 2 can be optimized. In high-density layout scenarios, an excessively wide connector may squeeze the layout space of adjacent lines or components. In addition, a width of less than 2 mm can avoid the increase of parasitic capacitance caused by excessively wide copper foil, and prevent coupling interference to weak electrical signals.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the discharge tooth pairs are set to multiple pairs, and the spacing between adjacent discharge tooth pairs is d, which is set to any value between 0.25mm and 0.75mm.

[0086] In some embodiments, the number of discharge tooth pairs can be reasonably set according to the space of the main control board 2 and the electrostatic discharge requirements.

[0087] In some embodiments, the spacing between adjacent discharge tooth pairs is set to be greater than 0.25 mm. When the spacing is greater than 0.25 mm, the electric field coupling effect between adjacent discharge tooth pairs can be reduced. An appropriate spacing can prevent the formation of arc merging when multiple sets of tooth pairs break down at the same time, which would lead to local energy concentration and increase the risk of ablation of the main control board 2.

[0088] In some embodiments, the spacing is set to less than 0.75 mm. When the spacing is less than 0.75 mm, more discharge tooth pairs can be arranged in a limited space, improving the redundancy of the protection system: the high-density array of tooth pairs can form a "gradient discharge barrier", so that even if some tooth pairs experience performance degradation due to long-term discharge, adjacent tooth pairs can still take over the discharge task.

[0089] Taking a 0.5mm spacing as an example, when multiple sets of discharge tooth pairs are arranged side by side with a 0.5mm spacing, a uniform electric field distribution is formed at the tip discharge parts of adjacent tooth pairs. In electrostatic discharge testing, this layout can evenly distribute the charge of 15kV air discharge to the gap between each tooth pair, avoiding localized carbonization caused by single-point penetration; at the same time, the 0.5mm spacing is compatible with mainstream PCB manufacturing processes, without increasing processing costs, and can ensure the tip exposure effect by optimizing the opening precision of the solder mask layer, balancing protection performance and engineering implementation difficulty.

[0090] In some embodiments, the tip angle of the tip discharge portion of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 is set to any value between 25° and 45°.

[0091] In some embodiments, the tip angle of the tip discharge section is set to be greater than 25°. When the angle is greater than 25°, the manufacturability of the tip can be optimized, and the larger angle makes the tip less prone to breakage during laser etching or chemical etching, thereby improving the PCB board production yield.

[0092] In some embodiments, the angle is set to less than 45°. When the angle is less than 45°, the electric field concentration effect at the tip is enhanced. The smaller angle makes it easier for charges to accumulate on the tip surface, forming a higher electric field strength and shortening the time required for electrostatic breakdown.

[0093] Taking 30° as an example, when the tip angle is 30°, the discharge teeth form a discharge structure on the main control board 2 that combines high efficiency and process feasibility.

[0094] In the technical solution, the tip angle of the tip discharge portion of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 is limited to a closed range of 25° to 45° to avoid the electric field concentration effect being weakened due to the excessive tip discharge portion angle, thereby reducing the discharge efficiency. At the same time, it avoids the deterioration of the processing technology caused by excessively sharp angles and avoids the decrease in the yield of laser etching process during the circuit board production process.

[0095] In some embodiments of this application, the surfaces of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 are not covered with solder resist or conformal coating.

[0096] In some embodiments, the surfaces of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 remain exposed without solder resist or conformal coating. Solder resist (green oil) is typically used for PCB insulation and oxidation prevention, but if it covers the tips of the discharge teeth, it forms a dielectric barrier, leading to increased breakdown voltage, delayed electrostatic discharge, and increased risk of charge accumulation. Therefore, by "windowing" the discharge tooth area during PCB fabrication to directly expose its copper foil surface, the electron escape efficiency of the tip discharge portion can be maximized.

[0097] In some embodiments, the tin layer of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 is set to a preset thickness.

[0098] In some embodiments, the tin layer of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 is set to a preset thickness to improve discharge efficiency by optimizing the metal layer structure. When the tin layer thickness exceeds 0.8-1.2 μm of conventional PCB surface treatment, the electron escape capability can be significantly enhanced.

[0099] In the technical solution, the tin layer of the first discharge tooth 35 and the second discharge tooth 36 is configured with a preset thickness. By thickening the tin layer, the electron escape efficiency of the tip discharge part is enhanced to improve the electrostatic discharge effect, while ensuring the bonding strength between the tin layer and the copper base to avoid the risk of metal peeling caused by repeated discharge.

[0100] In addition, such as Figure 10 As shown, this application also provides an air conditioner 4, comprising:

[0101] chassis;

[0102] As described above, controller 1 is located inside the housing.

[0103] In the above embodiments, the discharge teeth on the main control board 2 of the controller 1 are used to construct a directional discharge channel across strong and weak current zones, thereby guiding the static charge generated by user operation or environmental sensing to the ground along a preset path. This solves the problem of abnormal air conditioning function and damage to electronic components caused by static intrusion, improves the reliability of the main control board 2 of the air conditioner 4, and enhances the anti-static level of the air conditioner. At the same time, it eliminates the cost burden and space occupation of external protective devices, and fixes the static discharge path to avoid problems such as MCU reset that affect the user experience.

[0104] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0105] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A controller, characterized in that, include: Controller housing; The main control board, disposed within the controller housing, comprises: Power lines and corresponding power ground lines; Signal lines and corresponding signal ground lines; At least one pair of discharge teeth, the pair of discharge teeth including a first discharge tooth and a second discharge tooth; the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth include: The connection part is configured to be electrically connected to the corresponding line of the main control board; A tip discharge portion extends from the connection portion; The first discharge tooth's tip discharge portion and the second discharge tooth's tip discharge portion are arranged opposite each other at a preset distance. The connecting portion of the first discharge tooth is electrically connected to the signal line or the signal ground line, and the connecting portion of the second discharge tooth is electrically connected to the power line or the power ground line, for discharging electrostatic charge to the ground.

2. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a discharge gap between the tip discharge portion of the first discharge tooth and the tip discharge portion of the second discharge tooth. The upper limit of the discharge gap is set as the safety insulation distance for the corresponding power supply voltage level of the controller, and the lower limit of the discharge gap is set as the minimum electrical clearance between the power line and the signal line on the main control board.

3. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge teeth are arranged at a preset safe distance in an area that is not adjacent to the protected circuit.

4. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lengths of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth from the connecting portion to the end of the tip discharge portion are set to any value between 4mm and 8mm.

5. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the connection between the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth is set to any value between 1mm and 2mm.

6. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge tooth pairs are configured as multiple pairs, and the spacing between adjacent discharge tooth pairs is set to any value between 0.25mm and 0.75mm.

7. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tip angle of the discharge portion of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth is set to any value between 25° and 45°.

8. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfaces of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth are not covered with solder resist or conformal coating.

9. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tin layer of the first discharge tooth and the second discharge tooth is set to a preset thickness.

10. An air conditioner, characterized in that, include: chassis; The controller as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the controller is disposed within the housing.

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