An automatic welding equipment for electrolytic cell crust hammer head and small box fixture

Abstract

The welding equipment comprises a robot body, a tool clamp, the tool clamp comprising a first clamp and a second clamp, the first clamp being used for fixing a crust breaking hammer head of an electrolytic cell, the second clamp being used for fixing a small box clamp, and a positioner, the positioner being used for adjusting the angle of the tool clamp, so that the crust breaking hammer head and the small box clamp are located at a welding operation position of the robot body. The automatic welding equipment can complete automatic welding of the crust breaking hammer head and the small box clamp on the basis of guaranteeing welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of welding equipment, and more particularly to an automatic welding equipment for an electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and a small box clamp. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-breaking hammers and small box clamps are commonly used components in electrolytic aluminum production and are considered consumable parts. Currently, small-batch welded components such as shell-breaking hammers and small box clamps for electrolytic cells are all welded manually. This manual operation throughout the assembly and welding process leads to wasted labor costs and low welding efficiency. Furthermore, the welding effect is significantly affected by human factors during manual welding, making it difficult to guarantee weld quality at the joints, a problem that urgently needs to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of this application provide an automatic welding equipment for an electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and a small box fixture, which can complete the automatic welding of the shell-breaking hammer and the small box fixture while ensuring welding quality.

[0004] The embodiments of this application employ the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an automatic welding equipment for an electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and a small box clamp, comprising: a robot body for automatically welding the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and the small box clamp; a tooling fixture, the tooling fixture including a first clamp and a second clamp, the first clamp for fixing the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer; the second clamp for fixing the small box clamp; and a positioner for adjusting the angle of the tooling fixture so that the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and the small box clamp are located at the welding operation position of the robot body; wherein, the first clamp includes: a support bracket for supporting... The device includes: a first gripper for supporting the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head; a second gripper for engaging with the support bracket to clamp the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head, thereby restricting its movement in a first direction; and two second grippers located on opposite sides of the support bracket to fix the opposite ends of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head, thereby restricting its movement in a second direction. The first and second directions are perpendicular to each other. The second clamp includes: a retaining seat for holding the small box clamp; a side clamping mechanism for fixing the side of the small box clamp; and a top clamping mechanism for fixing the top of the small box clamp.

[0006] In this embodiment, the automated welding equipment replaces manual welding with robots, achieving fully automated operation. The robot can complete precise welding in a short time, greatly improving welding efficiency and reducing the time and cost of manual welding. The robot can precisely control parameters during the welding process, avoiding instability caused by human factors. Especially at the weld joints, the robot can maintain consistent welding quality, ensuring that each joint meets predetermined standards, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the welded parts. Replacing manual operation with automated welding equipment significantly reduces labor costs. In manual welding, welding quality is affected by the operator's skill level, potentially requiring multiple reworks, while automated equipment can complete the task efficiently and consistently. Through specially designed tooling fixtures, the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and small box clamps are precisely fixed during welding, avoiding welding defects caused by improper fixing. Simultaneously, the positioner's angle adjustment function ensures the welded parts are always in the optimal welding position, further ensuring welding accuracy. This automated equipment solution is not only suitable for large-scale production but can also efficiently handle small-batch production tasks. The automated welding equipment maintains high efficiency in small-batch production, reducing manual intervention and ensuring stable production line operation. Automated equipment can effectively reduce the dangers of manual operation, reduce the risk of workers being exposed to high temperatures or harmful gases during welding, and ensure the safety of the production environment.

[0007] As one feasible implementation, tooling fixtures are installed on both sides of the positioner, and two positioners are provided, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the robot body.

[0008] As one feasible implementation, the support card holder is provided with multiple support card slots, and the side of the support card slot facing the shell-breaking hammer head of the electrolytic cell is arc-shaped.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first gripper includes a support rod mounted on a positioner, the support rod extending in a first direction, and a rotating pressure rod hinged to the end of the support rod away from the positioner in the first direction. The rotating pressure rod can abut against the side wall of the shell-breaking hammer of the electrolytic cell, and a limiting component is provided at the hinge of the rotating pressure rod and the support rod to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod.

[0010] As one feasible implementation, the limiting assembly includes two connecting rods disposed at the ends of the support rods. The two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged, and the end of the rotating pressure rod is rotatably connected to the installation space formed by the two connecting rods. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the end of the support rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to a limiting ball. The hinge point between the limiting ball and the connecting rod is offset by the diameter of the limiting ball, so that the rotation of the limiting ball can abut against the rotation axis of the rotating pressure rod and the connecting rod to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod. A rotating handle for facilitating the rotation of the hinge ball is provided on the hinge ball.

[0011] In one feasible implementation, the second gripper includes an I-beam mounted on a positioner, a push rod mounted on the I-beam, the push rod being slidably connected to the I-beam, and the push rod abutting against the end sidewall of the electrolytic cell's shell-breaking hammer when sliding along a second direction. A pull rod is hinged to the end of the push rod away from the electrolytic cell's shell-breaking hammer, and a locking handle is hinged to the side of the pull rod away from the push rod. The locking handle is L-shaped, and the hinge point between the locking handle and the pull rod is located at its own bend. One end of the locking handle is rotatably connected to the I-beam. When the locking handle rotates relative to its hinge point with the I-beam, it can drive the pull rod to slide along the second direction, thereby driving the push rod to slide along the second direction.

[0012] As one feasible implementation, the side clamping mechanism includes an I-beam mounted on a positioner, two parallel ear plates mounted on the I-beam, and a sliding rod provided on the ear plates. The sliding rod passes through the two ear plates, and a limiting component is provided at the end of the sliding rod away from the small box clamp to limit the sliding length of the sliding rod.

[0013] In one feasible implementation, the limiting component includes a limiting block mounted on the side of the ear plate, two parallel limiting plates mounted on the limiting block, and two rotating plates disposed within the mounting space of the two limiting plates. The rotating plates are respectively hinged to the ear plate and the sliding rod, and a toggle handle is installed at the hinge point between the rotating plate and the ear plate. The sliding rod passes through the limiting block, and the sliding rod and the position through the limiting block are in clearance fit with a gap greater than zero.

[0014] As one feasible implementation, the side clamping mechanism further includes a sliding plate disposed on one side of the small box clamp. The sliding plate can slide relative to the positioner and clamp onto the side of the small box clamp. A linkage rod is disposed on the side of the sliding plate away from the small box clamp, which drives the sliding plate to slide in a second direction. A fixing block is disposed on the sliding plate. The fixing block is hinged to a clamping rod for clamping and fixing the upper side of the small box clamp. The clamping rod is F-shaped, and a locking gate is disposed on the fixing block for restricting the rotation of the clamping rod. A locking connecting rod is disposed in the internal cavity of the locking gate. The two ends of the locking connecting rod are rotatably connected to the side walls of the locking gate and the clamping rod, respectively. When the locking gate rotates to the first direction, it can lock the clamping rod onto the side wall of the small box clamp.

[0015] In one feasible implementation, the top clamping mechanism includes a support rod mounted on a positioner, a rotating rod hinged to the support rod, the rotating rod being rotatable relative to its hinge point with the support rod to abut against the upper side of the small box clamp, and a locking cylinder being provided on the side of the rotating rod away from the small box clamp; the positioner is also provided with a limiting member for restricting the rotation of the rotating rod to form a stroke, the limiting member being located on the side of the support rod facing the small box clamp.

[0016] This application provides an automated welding equipment for an electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and small box fixture. It utilizes a positioner for multi-angle rotation, lifting, and repositioning of the workpiece, combined with the robot's line laser weld seam recognition to achieve automated welding of common weld seams on the shell-breaking hammer and small box fixture. The weld seam reachability is high, and the welding quality is stable. Furthermore, the tooling fixture enables stable clamping of the shell-breaking hammer and small box fixture, automatic workpiece repositioning, automatic robot welding, and automatic weld seam tracking, greatly improving the welding quality and efficiency of the shell-breaking hammer and small box fixture. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0018] In the various figures, the same elements are represented by similar reference numerals. For clarity, the various parts in the figures are not drawn to scale, and certain features may be exaggerated or omitted to more clearly illustrate and explain this application.

[0019] Figure 1 A front view of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and small box fixture provided in the embodiment of this application is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A top view of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and small box fixture provided in the embodiment of this application is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and small box clamp provided in the embodiment of this application is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the positioner and the tooling fixture installed on it provided in the embodiments of this application is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle, used to show the specific structure of the first fixture in the tooling fixture;

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle is used to show the specific structure of the second fixture in the tooling fixture.

[0025] In the diagram, 1. Robot body; 11. Welding torch; 12. Anti-collision sensor; 13. PLC control cabinet; 2. Positioner; 3. Tooling fixture; 31. First fixture; 311. Support bracket; 3111. Support slot; 312. First gripper; 3121. Support rod; 3122. Rotating pressure rod; 3123. Connecting rod; 3124. Limit ball; 3125. Rotating handle; 313. Second gripper; 3131. I-beam; 3132. Top rod; 3133. Pull rod; 3144. Locking handle; 32. Second fixture; 321. Snap-fit ​​seat; 322. I-beam; 323. Ear 324. Plate; 325. Sliding rod; 326. Limiting block; 327. Limiting plate; 328. Rotating plate; 329. Toggle handle; 320. Sliding plate; 3291. Linkage rod; 3292. Fixing block; 3293. Clamping rod; 3294. Locking gate; 3295. Locking connecting rod; 3211. Support rod; 3212. Rotating rod; 3213. Locking cylinder; 3214. Limiting component; 3215. Abutment rod; 4. Cleaning station; 5. Welding power source; 6. Water cooling system; 7. Fume treatment system; 8. Teaching pendant; 9. Wire feed drum; 91. Air pump; 10. Electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer; 20. Small box clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "some implementations," "some embodiments," "exemplary," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0031] To reduce labor costs, improve efficiency, and mitigate safety risks, enabling the direct welding of small box fixtures, shell-breaking hammers, and other workpieces without the need for professional welders, a small workpiece welding robot has been developed. This robot can improve welding efficiency and reduce safety risks. It should be noted that the control system of the automatic welding equipment for electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammers and small box fixtures provided in this embodiment can achieve highly integrated control through an industrial-grade programmable logic controller (PLC). This integrates the key control modules of the automatic welding equipment onto a single platform, thereby simplifying the system structure, improving integration and control efficiency, and simplifying maintenance and upgrade operations, thus enhancing the overall performance and adaptability of the automatic welding equipment.

[0032] Figure 1 The diagram shows a front view of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and small box clamp provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 This is a top view of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and small box clamp provided in an embodiment of this application. (See also...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The automatic welding equipment includes a robot body 1, two positioners 2 set on both sides of the robot body 1, and tooling fixtures 3 set on the positioners 2.

[0033] The robot body 1 is the core component of this automated welding equipment, responsible for the actual welding operations. Through automated operation, the robot can complete welding tasks along a set work path, avoiding the instability and inefficiency of manual welding. The robot can precisely control the welding position, ensuring welding quality. Furthermore, this automated welding equipment is equipped with a specialized tooling fixture 3 to ensure the welded parts are stably and accurately fixed throughout the process. The positioner 2 adjusts the angle of the tooling fixture 3, ensuring the hammer head and the small box clamp 20 are correctly aligned with the welding position of the robot body 1. By changing the angle of the tooling fixture 3, welding is ensured at the correct angle, improving welding accuracy.

[0034] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a three-dimensional structure of the automatic welding equipment for the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10 and the small box clamp 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. (See also...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 At the same time, refer to Figure 3For example, in this embodiment, the robot body 1 is a six-axis welding robot with a welding torch 11 at its end and an anti-collision sensor 12 (accuracy ±0.01mm) on one side of the welding torch 11. Furthermore, the six-axis welding robot has an arm length greater than or equal to 2000mm, a load capacity greater than or equal to 12kg, an accuracy of no more than 0.03mm (repeatability), and an IP54 protection rating, effectively preventing harmful dust from entering and withstanding water splashes from all directions. It also exhibits flexible movement and high repeatability. Optionally, the six-axis welding robot has a positioning function, specifically implemented through a weld seam tracker (not shown). For example, a laser sensor (not shown) is installed in the weld seam tracker. The laser sensor automatically searches for weld seam features, and the six-axis welding robot controls the welding torch 11 to move along the weld seam. Even when the workpiece is deformed to a certain extent, the positioning function can automatically compensate for the difference, resulting in a high-quality weld seam with an aesthetically pleasing appearance.

[0035] A cleaning station 4 is located on the front side of the robot body 1. The cleaning station 4 is used to clean and lubricate the welding torch 11, remove spatter generated during welding, prevent sticking, and ensure smooth wire feeding. In addition, the cleaning station 4 has a wire cutting function to ensure that the wire feeding length is consistent each time. Optionally, a welding power supply 5 is located at the rear of the robot body 1. The welding power supply 5 is a pulsed high-performance welding power supply 5, 380V, used in conjunction with the robot to meet the needs of automated welding.

[0036] In one embodiment, a water cooling system 6 is provided behind the welding power source 5. During the welding process, the water cooling system 6 effectively reduces the temperature of the welding torch 11 by circulating water, ensuring that the welding torch 11 can operate for extended periods. A fume treatment system 7 is also provided behind the water cooling system 6. The fume treatment system 7 is connected to the end of the welding torch 11 (not fully shown in the figure). The fume treatment system 7 can effectively treat the fumes generated during the welding process, reducing environmental pollution and minimizing harm to workers.

[0037] For example, a PLC control cabinet 13 is also provided on the side of the robot body 1. The PLC controller built into the PLC control cabinet 13 is equipped with a user-friendly human-machine interface system. The user-friendly human-machine interface system has a simple and user-friendly interface, mature and stable system functions, and can be operated by ordinary personnel. It can automatically find seams through laser one-point or multi-point positioning, with no limit on welding points and a visible workflow, process, welding parameters, and histogram imaging. The workflow, process, and welding parameters can be saved as programs for easy recall (the number of programs saved is unlimited). The system will not be corrupted or lost in case of unexpected power failure, and the system and programs can be exported for backup. In addition, the user-friendly human-machine interface system has a recording function. By logging in, operators can be switched, and the number of workpieces welded and the length of welded workpieces can be recorded by person and category. The data can be exported to an Excel spreadsheet. The PLC control cabinet 13 also has an open equipment communication interface, through which all parameters can be read. A communication protocol manual is also provided to facilitate operator training.

[0038] In some implementations, the PLC control cabinet 13 serves as the core control unit, integrating components such as a PLC, electrical control cabinet, servo controller, touch screen, main control console, industrial computer, router, and monitor (not shown in the figure). The system uses the ProfiNet bus communication protocol to build a high-speed and stable industrial network, enabling real-time data interaction between components. The main controller PLC assumes core coordination responsibilities, transmitting data bidirectionally with each subsystem of the production line through standardized interfaces. The servo controller supports dual control modes: it can receive centralized control commands from the PLC and respond to local operation signals from the touch screen or main control console buttons, ensuring system flexibility in different scenarios. In terms of human-machine interaction, the touch screen serves as the main operating terminal, providing an intuitive parameter setting interface and real-time data monitoring functions, covering key indicators such as welding current, voltage, speed, and production cycle time. Simultaneously, the main control console, equipped with physical buttons, serves as an emergency operation entry point, forming a double-insurance mechanism for human-machine collaboration. Regarding data management, the industrial computer achieves data integration through a dual-network architecture: on one hand, it accesses the production control network to obtain real-time data; on the other hand, it connects to the enterprise intranet to access the product database. The system can automatically retrieve standardized drawings based on the workpiece model and display them visually on a high-definition monitor, forming a digital closed loop from the design end to the manufacturing end.

[0039] In addition, the robot body 1 is equipped with an independent teach pendant 8, supporting offline programming and online debugging functions to meet the precise control requirements of complex welding trajectories. For example, two programming methods are provided: one is manual programming, using the teach pendant 8 or a terminal to operate the robot for programming and welding; the other is drag-and-drop (joystick) simple programming, where the robot is coarsely positioned by dragging or using a joystick, and then automatically and precisely finds and welds the weld seam. The entire system, through a layered architecture design, achieves fully automated control of the production process while retaining the authority for human intervention, constructing a highly efficient and collaborative intelligent manufacturing environment.

[0040] For example, a wire feed hopper 9 is also provided at the rear of the robot body 1. The wire feed hopper 9 can hold a large amount of welding wire with a specification of 1.2mm. One replacement can meet multiple welding operations, and the replacement of the wire feed hopper 9 is convenient and simple, reducing the replacement frequency and improving welding efficiency. It should be noted that the workpieces welded in this embodiment, such as the electrolytic cell shell hammer head 10 and the small box clamp 20, are made of ordinary carbon steel. The welding method adopts MAG (Metal Active Gas, shielding gas 80% Ar + 20% CO2). An air pump 91 for supplying shielding gas to the welding torch 11 is provided on one side of the wire feed hopper 9. The shielding gas is 80% Ar + 20% CO2. By using a shielding gas of 80% argon and 20% carbon dioxide, efficient and stable welding can be achieved, ensuring the quality and strength of the welded joint, while improving production efficiency.

[0041] Optionally, the automated welding equipment also includes a safety protection system, comprising safety barriers, safety doors, robot supports, emergency stop buttons, and light curtains (not shown in the diagram). Each component can communicate with the PLC. The safety barriers primarily prevent personnel from entering and shield the arc light generated during welding. They can be flexibly configured according to actual production needs. Safety doors are for personnel entry and exit and simultaneously control the operation of the entire system; opening a safety door will prevent the entire production line from starting. The robot supports can detect the robot's collision status in real time using collision sensors. Upon detecting a collision, the robot will automatically stop to protect it from damage. Emergency stop buttons are installed throughout the production line; pressing them immediately stops the equipment. Each workstation is equipped with a light curtain system; obstructing the light curtain in any state will trigger an alarm in the control system. The entire safety protection system provides protection for personnel safety.

[0042] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioner and the tooling fixtures installed on it provided in the embodiments of this application is shown. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle is shown to illustrate the specific structure of the first fixture 31 in tooling fixture 3. (See reference...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, two positioners 2 are provided, symmetrically placed on both sides of the robot body 1. The welding of two different workpieces can be switched by changing the tooling fixtures 3 on the positioners 2, and the welding accuracy meets the requirements. It is understood that the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10 is a cylinder (see reference...). Figure 5 The small box holder 20 has a triangular cavity structure (see reference). Figure 6 The structure of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer 10 and the small box clamp 20 is the existing structure and will not be described in detail here.

[0043] The fixture 3 comprises two parts: a first fixture 31 and a second fixture 32, used to fix the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10 and the small box clamp 20, respectively. Optionally, the first fixture 31 of the small box clamp 20 has at least six stations and is mounted on the positioners 2 on both sides, allowing the positioners 2 to automatically flip and complete the welding of both sides in one go; the second set is the second fixture 32, which has at least two stations and is mounted on the positioners 2 on both sides, allowing the positioners 2 to automatically rotate and weld. In some embodiments, the fixture 3 may also include a third set of universal fixtures for custom workpieces. These universal fixtures are used to fix workpieces of different models other than the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10 and the small box clamp 20 (not shown in this embodiment), to improve the applicability of the automatic welding equipment.

[0044] See Figure 5 Simultaneously review Figure 1 For example, the first clamp 31 is used to fix the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10, ensuring that the hammer head will not move or deform during welding. Specifically, the first clamp 31 includes a support base 311, a first jaw 312, and a second jaw 313. The support base 311 supports the bottom of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10, keeping its position stable. The first jaw 312 clamps the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10, preventing it from moving in the first direction. Two second jaws 313 are provided, located at opposite ends of the hammer head, preventing it from moving in the second direction and ensuring the stability of the hammer head. The first and second directions are perpendicular. In this embodiment, the first direction is vertical, and the second direction is the axial direction of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10 after it is placed on the support base 311, i.e., the horizontal direction.

[0045] In one embodiment, the support bracket 311 has multiple support slots 3111. The number of support slots 3111 can be set according to the length of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer 10. For example, in this embodiment, five support slots 3111 are provided. The side of the support slot 3111 facing the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer 10 is arc-shaped to stably support the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer 10. The electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer 10 placed on the support slot 3111 is fixed in the first and second directions by the cooperation of the first clamp 312 and the second clamp 313 to facilitate subsequent welding.

[0046] Optionally, multiple first grippers 312 are provided. For example, in this embodiment, three first grippers 312 are provided according to the length of the fixed electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10. Specifically, the first gripper 312 includes a support rod 3121 mounted on the positioner 2. The support rod 3121 extends along a first direction, and a rotating pressure rod 3122 is hinged to the end of the support rod 3121 away from the positioner 2 along the first direction. The rotating pressure rod 3122 can rotate through its own rotation point with the support rod 3121 to abut against the side wall of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10. A limiting component for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod 3122 is provided at the hinge point between the rotating pressure rod 3122 and the support rod 3121. The limiting assembly includes two connecting rods 3123 disposed at the end of the support rod 3121. The two connecting rods 3123 are symmetrically arranged. The end of the rotating pressure rod 3122 is rotatably connected to the installation space formed by the two connecting rods 3123. One end of the connecting rod 3123 is hinged to the end of the support rod 3121, and the other end of the connecting rod 3123 is hinged to a limiting ball 3124. The hinge point of the limiting ball 3124 and the connecting rod 3123 is offset by the diameter of the limiting ball 3124, so that the rotation of the limiting ball 3124 can abut against the rotation axis of the rotating pressure rod 3122 and the connecting rod 3123 to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod 3122. A rotating handle 3125 is provided on the hinge ball to facilitate the rotation of the hinge ball.

[0047] See Figure 5 In use, the rotating pressure rod 3122 is rotated, causing it to rotate and abut against the side wall of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10. Then, by rotating the rotating handle 3125 to the first direction (vertical direction), the limiting ball 3124 abuts against the rotating shaft of the rotating pressure rod 3122. In conjunction with the hook-shaped end of the support rod 3121 and the vertical part of the end of the rotating pressure rod 3122, the rotation of the rotating pressure rod 3122 is restricted, so that the rotating pressure rod 3122 can stably fix the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10.

[0048] Continue reading Figure 5The second gripper 313 includes an I-beam 3131 mounted on the positioner 2. A push rod 3132 is mounted on the I-beam 3131. The push rod 3132 is slidably connected to the I-beam 3131, and when the push rod 3132 slides in the second direction, it can abut against the end side wall of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer 10. A pull rod 3133 is hinged to the end of the push rod 3132 away from the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer 10. The side of the pull rod 3133 away from the push rod 3132 is hinged. A locking handle 3144 is provided, which is L-shaped. The hinge point between the locking handle 3144 and the pull rod 3133 is located at its own bend. One end of the locking handle 3144 is rotatably connected to the I-beam 3131. When the locking handle 3144 rotates relative to its hinge point with the I-beam 3131, it can drive the pull rod 3133 to slide in the second direction, thereby driving the top rod 3132 to slide in the second direction. The second gripper 313 utilizes the parallelogram principle, and by rotating the locking handle 3144, it achieves abutment and fixation of the end of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer 10 when the pull rod 3133 slides in the second direction. In some embodiments, the structure of the second gripper 313 may be the same as that of the first gripper 312, so that the second gripper 313 can also clamp the end of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer 10 by rotating the pressure rod 3122, so as to be suitable for irregular ends of electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammers 10 of different specifications. In this embodiment, the structure of the second gripper 313 is not strictly limited.

[0049] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle section is used to illustrate the specific structure of the second fixture 32 in tooling fixture 3. (See reference...) Figure 4 and Figure 6 For example, the second clamp 32 is used to fix the small box clamp 20, ensuring that it does not shift during the welding process. Optionally, the second clamp 32 includes a clamping seat 321, a side clamping mechanism, and a top clamping mechanism. The clamping seat 321 serves as a base for placing the small box clamp 20, maintaining its horizontal stability. In some embodiments, the clamping seat 321 can be a hollow structure, allowing the robot body 1 to weld the side of the small box clamp 20 facing the clamping seat 321 after the positioner 2 flips over. The side clamping mechanism and the top clamping mechanism ensure that the sides and top of the small box clamp 20 are firmly clamped, preventing any displacement during the welding process.

[0050] See Figure 5 and Figure 6Optionally, the side clamping mechanism includes an I-beam 322 mounted on the positioner 2, with two parallel ear plates 323 mounted on the I-beam 322, and a sliding rod 324 provided on the ear plates 323. The sliding rod 324 passes through the two ear plates 323 in a second direction, and a limiting component is provided at the end of the sliding rod 324 away from the small box clamp 20 to limit the sliding length of the sliding rod 324. The limiting component includes a limiting block 325 installed on the side of the ear plate 323. Two parallel limiting plates 326 are installed on the limiting block 325. Two rotating plates 327 are arranged in the installation space of the two limiting plates 326. The rotating plates 327 are respectively hinged to the ear plate 323 and the sliding rod 324. A toggle handle 328 is installed at the hinge point between the rotating plate 327 and the ear plate 323. The sliding rod 324 passes through the limiting block 325, and the sliding rod 324 and the position where it passes through the limiting block 325 are in clearance fit with a gap greater than zero.

[0051] In use, by turning the handle 328, the rotating plate 327 is rotated, causing the rotating plate 327 to rotate relative to the limiting plate 326. This causes the hinge point between the rotating plate 327 and the sliding rod 324 to move away from or closer to the limiting block 325 in the second direction, thereby causing the sliding rod 324 to move away from or closer to the small box clamp 20, thus fixing or unlocking the side wall of the small box clamp 20.

[0052] Continue reading Figure 5 and Figure 6 The side clamping mechanism also includes a sliding plate 329 disposed on the other side of the small box clamp 20; the sliding plate 329 is vertically disposed and slidably connected to the positioner 2, so that the sliding plate 329 can slide relative to the positioner 2 and clamp on the vertical side of the small box clamp 20. On the side of the sliding plate 329 away from the small box clamp 20, a linkage rod 3291 is disposed to drive the sliding plate 329 to slide in the second direction. The structure of the linkage rod 3291 can be referred to the second gripper 313 utilizing the parallelogram principle, and will not be described in detail here. In addition, a fixing block 3292 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 329, and a clamping rod 3293 for clamping the upper side of the small box clamp 20 is hinged to the fixing block 3292. The clamping rod 3293 is F-shaped, and a locking gate 3294 for restricting the rotation of the clamping rod 3293 is provided on the fixing block 3292. A locking connecting rod 3295 is provided in the internal cavity of the locking gate 3294. The two ends of the locking connecting rod 3295 are rotatably connected to the side walls of the locking gate 3294 and the clamping rod 3293, respectively. When the locking gate 3294 rotates to the first direction, it can lock the clamping rod 3293 on the side wall of the small box clamp 20.

[0053] Continue reading Figure 5 and Figure 6The top clamping mechanism includes a support rod 3211 mounted on the positioner 2. A rotating rod 3212 is hinged to the support rod 3211. The rotating rod 3212 can rotate relative to its hinge point with the support rod 3211 until it abuts against the upper side of the small box clamp 20. A locking cylinder 3213 is provided on the side of the rotating rod 3212 away from the small box clamp 20. The positioner 2 is also provided with a limiting member 3214 to limit the rotation of the rotating rod 3212 to form a stroke. The limiting member 3214 is located on the side of the support rod 3211 facing the small box clamp 20. The piston rod of the locking cylinder 3213 is hinged to one end of the rotating rod 3212. Utilizing the lever principle, when the piston rod of the locking cylinder 3213 moves in the vertical direction, it can drive the rotating rod 3212 to rotate relative to its hinge point with the support rod 3211, so that the other end of the rotating rod 3212 can abut against the upper side of the small box clamp 20. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the rotating rod 3212 can accurately abut against the small box clamp 20, an abutment rod 3215 is added in the middle of the rotating rod 3212. The connection between the abutment rod 3215 and the rotating rod 3212 is U-shaped, and a flexible pad is provided at the end of the abutment rod 3215 that abuts against the small box clamp 20 to reduce squeezing damage to the small box clamp 20.

[0054] The automated welding equipment in this embodiment employs a dual-station welding system, with welding at one station and material loading / unloading preparation at the other, operating in a cyclical manner. The workpiece is fixed to the positioner 2 by the tooling fixture 3, and the positioner 2 is linked with the robot body 1 to ensure the workpiece is positioned within the operable welding range of the robot body 1. During welding, the robot body 1 is switched on, the welding program number corresponding to the shear arm is input into the PLC control cabinet 13, and welding is initiated. The robot body 1 automatically completes all weld seams while simultaneously operating the side-mounted fume collection system to remove fumes along with the welding torch 11. After welding, the robot body 1 automatically returns to its original position and cleans and trims the torch via the torch cleaning station 4, then prepares for the next welding station. This automated welding equipment for the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head 10 and small box clamp 20, through robotic welding, precise tooling fixture 3 design, and positioner 2 angle adjustment, can improve production efficiency, reduce labor costs, and minimize the impact of human factors on welding quality while ensuring welding quality. This solution provides a stable and reliable solution for welding key components in electrolytic aluminum production.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic welding equipment for an electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and a small box clamp, characterized in that, include: The robot body is used for automatic welding of the shell-breaking hammer head and small box clamps of the electrolytic cell; The tooling fixture includes a first clamp and a second clamp, wherein the first clamp is used to fix the shell-breaking hammer head of the electrolytic cell; and the second clamp is used to fix the small box clamp. A positioner is used to adjust the angle of the tooling fixture so that the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer and the small box clamp are located at the welding operation position of the robot body. The first clamp includes: Support bracket, the support bracket is used to support the shell-breaking hammer of the electrolytic cell; The first gripper is used to cooperate with the support bracket to clamp the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head, so as to restrict the movement of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head in the first direction; The second gripper has two parts, located on opposite sides of the support base, and is used to fix the opposite ends of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head to restrict the movement of the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head in the second direction; wherein, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. The second clamp includes: Card holder, used to hold the small box card; A side clamping mechanism is used to secure the side of the small box clamp; A top clamping mechanism is used to secure the top of the small box clamp.

2. The welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Tooling fixtures are installed on both sides of the positioner, and two positioners are provided, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the robot body.

3. The welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support bracket has multiple support slots, and the side of the support slot facing the electrolytic cell shell-breaking hammer head is arc-shaped.

4. The welding equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first gripper includes a support rod mounted on a positioner. The support rod extends along a first direction, and a rotating pressure rod is hinged to the end of the support rod away from the positioner along the first direction. The rotating pressure rod can abut against the side wall of the shell-breaking hammer of the electrolytic cell, and a limiting component is provided at the hinge of the rotating pressure rod and the support rod to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod.

5. The welding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting assembly includes two connecting rods disposed at the ends of the support rods. The two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged. The end of the rotating pressure rod is rotatably connected to the installation space formed by the two connecting rods. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the end of the support rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to a limiting ball. The hinge point between the limiting ball and the connecting rod is offset by the diameter of the limiting ball, so that the rotation of the limiting ball can abut against the rotation axis of the rotating pressure rod and the connecting rod to limit the rotation angle of the rotating pressure rod. A rotating handle is provided on the hinge ball to facilitate the rotation of the hinge ball.

6. The welding equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The second gripper includes an I-beam mounted on the positioner. A push rod is mounted on the I-beam and is slidably connected to it. When the push rod slides along the second direction, it abuts against the end side wall of the electrolytic cell's shell-breaking hammer. A pull rod is hinged to the end of the push rod away from the electrolytic cell's shell-breaking hammer. A locking handle is hinged to the side of the pull rod away from the push rod. The locking handle is L-shaped, and the hinge point between the locking handle and the pull rod is located at its own bend. One end of the locking handle is rotatably connected to the I-beam. When the locking handle rotates relative to its hinge point with the I-beam, it can drive the pull rod to slide along the second direction, thereby driving the push rod to slide along the second direction.

7. The welding equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The side clamping mechanism includes an I-beam mounted on the positioner, with two parallel ear plates installed on the I-beam and a sliding rod provided on the ear plates. The sliding rod passes through the two ear plates, and a limiting component is provided at the end of the sliding rod away from the small box clamp to limit the sliding length of the sliding rod.

8. The welding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting component includes a limiting block installed on the side of the ear plate, two parallel limiting plates installed on the limiting block, and two rotating plates arranged within the installation space of the two limiting plates. The rotating plates are respectively hinged to the ear plate and the sliding rod, and a toggle handle is installed at the hinge point between the rotating plate and the ear plate. The sliding rod passes through the limiting block, and the sliding rod and the position where it passes through the limiting block are in clearance fit with a gap greater than zero.

9. The welding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The side clamping mechanism also includes a sliding plate disposed on one side of the small box clamp. The sliding plate can slide relative to the positioner and clamp onto the side of the small box clamp. A linkage rod is disposed on the side of the sliding plate away from the small box clamp, which drives the sliding plate to slide in a second direction. A fixing block is disposed on the sliding plate. The fixing block is hinged to a clamping rod for clamping and fixing the upper side of the small box clamp. The clamping rod is F-shaped. A locking gate is disposed on the fixing block for restricting the rotation of the clamping rod. A locking connecting rod is disposed in the internal cavity of the locking gate. The two ends of the locking connecting rod are rotatably connected to the side walls of the locking gate and the clamping rod, respectively. When the locking gate rotates to the first direction, it can lock the clamping rod onto the side wall of the small box clamp.

10. The welding equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top clamping mechanism includes a support rod mounted on the positioner, a rotating rod hinged to the support rod, the rotating rod being rotatable relative to its hinge point with the support rod to abut against the upper side of the small box clamp, and a locking cylinder being provided on the side of the rotating rod away from the small box clamp; the positioner is also provided with a limiting member for restricting the rotation of the rotating rod to form a stroke, the limiting member being located on the side of the support rod facing the small box clamp.

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